KR101863684B1 - Interrogator antenna of identification of friend or foe - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes an interrogator antenna of an identification of friend or foe (IFF) device. The interrogator antenna of an IFF device capable of suppressing a minor lobe of a sum signal with a difference signal comprises: a support plate; an antenna substrate provided to be in contact with the support plate; at least one cap provided in a partial region on the antenna substrate; a radome provided on the antenna substrate; and a press plate provided on a partial region of the radome.

Description

An interrogator antenna of identification of friend or foe,

The present invention relates to an Identification Friend or Foe (IFF), and more particularly to an interrogator antenna of a peer identifier.

The PIA Identifier is mounted on a tram or ground platform and is intended to minimize the damage of false positives by performing peer identification by transmitting and receiving the Ka-band RF signal of the question / answer to the unidentified platform. In other words, for the unacknowledged platform, that is, to respond to the target, first, the peer of the target should be identified. To this end, the peer identifier transmits the signal containing the question to the target. For a question signal of a peer identifier, a response is usually sent to the interrogation signal, since the target may be considered non-aliens if it does not respond. The peer identifier that has sent the challenge signal receives the response signal sent from the target and analyzes it to identify the peer of the target. To identify such a peer, the peer identifier may include an interrogator that transmits the interrogation signal, a responder that responds to the interrogation signal, and a processor that receives, processes, and analyzes the response signal from the responder. Such a peer identifier is disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1292069 and Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1030745.

On the other hand, the interrogator antenna installed in the transmission side system transmits the interrogation signal to the reception side system and receives the response signal transmitted from the transmission side system. That is, the interrogator antenna simultaneously transmits the interrogation signal to the target and receives the response signal transmitted from the target. Also, since the interrogator antenna is mounted on a train and an armored vehicle for example, it is mounted near a barrel in a direction coinciding with the direction of the barrel to identify the barrel in the direction in which the barrel is viewed.

An interrogator antenna is designed by applying a sidelobe suppression technique that transmits sum (Σ) and difference (Δ) signals at the time of interrogation for adjusting the beam width of the main lobe and suppressing the influence of the side lobe. That is, the sum signal of the Ka band from the interrogator antenna includes not only the main lobe transmitted toward the target but also the side lobe which is inadvertently transmitted to the vicinity of the main lobe, and simultaneously transmits the difference signal to suppress the side lobe other than the main lobe. Using these side suppression techniques, the question signal is transmitted only to the target aimed at the sight.

If the sum signal and the difference signal are transmitted at the same time, the response (reception) side peer identifier determines that the sum signal is larger than the difference signal in determining the response condition to the received question signal, When the difference signal of the received signal is larger than the sum signal, it is judged as a side lobe and does not respond.

The ideal antenna should have a sum signal greater than the sum signal for all directions other than the steady state. However, when designing the miniaturization with the directional array antenna of the Ka band, the signal strength of the sum signal and the difference signal is reversed at a certain angle. That is, a signal strength reversal occurs in which the side lobe of the sum signal is higher than the difference signal at a specific angle. If the signal strength reversal occurs, the allied forces in the inverted section (side lobe) of the armored vehicle carrying out the dense operation perform a response to the question signal, causing confusion in the result of the identification of the peer. That is, unintentional peer discrimination occurs in a certain direction, not in the direction of the barrel, resulting in a problem that the target peer is not correctly identified.

Korea Patent No. 10-1292069 Korean Patent No. 10-1030745

The present invention provides an interrogator antenna of a peer discriminator capable of solving the problem of unintentional peer discrimination in a specific direction due to a phenomenon that the sum signal and the level of a difference signal appear high within a certain angle.

The present invention provides an interrogator antenna of a peer identifier in which the difference signal can suppress the side lobe of the sum signal.

The present invention provides an interrogator antenna of a peer identifier in which the side lobe of the sum signal can be completely suppressed in all regions.

The interrogator antenna of the peer identifier according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises: a support plate; An antenna substrate provided in contact with the support plate; A radome provided on the antenna substrate; A partition wall provided between the antenna substrate and the radome; And a pressure plate provided on a part of the radome.

The antenna substrate includes a sum signal antenna portion including a main lobe and a side lobe to emit a sum signal, and a difference signal antenna portion for emitting a difference signal.

The difference signal is lower than the main lobe of the sum signal and emitted at a higher intensity than the side lobe.

The difference signal is at least 10 dB lower than the main lobe of the sum signal and is emitted at an intensity at least 5 dB higher than the side lobe of the sum signal.

The barrier ribs are provided in a frame shape and are provided on the antenna substrate.

The support plate, the antenna substrate, and the partition wall have the same size.

The push plate is provided in a frame shape and is provided at an edge of the radome.

The radome and the pressure plate have the same size.

The radome and the pressure plate are equal to or greater than the support plate, the antenna substrate, and the partition.

And a housing for accommodating at least a part of the support plate, the antenna substrate, the radome, the partition, and the pressure plate.

The thickness variation of the plural regions is ± 4 mm or less.

The interrogator antenna of the peer identifier according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises a support plate; An antenna substrate provided in contact with the support plate; At least one cap provided in a partial area on the antenna substrate; A radome provided on the antenna substrate; And a pressure plate provided on a part of the radome.

And a partition provided between the antenna substrate and the radome.

The antenna substrate includes a sum signal antenna unit including a main lobe and a side lobe to emit a sum signal and a difference signal antenna unit that emits a difference signal at a higher intensity than the main lobe of the sum signal and higher than the side lobe.

The difference signal is at least 10 dB lower than the main lobe of the sum signal and is emitted at an intensity at least 5 dB higher than the side lobe of the sum signal.

And a first power supply opening formed in the sum signal antenna portion and the difference signal antenna portion of the antenna substrate, respectively.

And a second power supply opening formed in a region of the support plate corresponding to the first power supply opening of the antenna substrate.

A waveguide is inserted into the first and second power supply openings of the support plate and the antenna substrate.

The cap is provided on the power supply opening formed in each of the sum signal antenna portion and the differential signal antenna portion.

The cap is connected to the waveguide.

The interrogator antenna of the third embodiment of the present invention includes a sum signal antenna unit and a difference signal antenna unit provided at one side of the sum signal antenna unit, And a plurality of composite elements in which circular planar antennas are stacked, wherein the plurality of composite elements are arranged at intervals of 1 mm to 5 mm on one side and the other side orthogonal to the one side.

The sum signal antenna portion is arranged in 32 and 8 in one direction and the other direction orthogonal to the one direction.

The difference signal antenna portion is arranged in eight directions in one direction and the other direction orthogonal thereto.

The operating frequency is from 36.0 GHz to 37.0 GHz, the horizontal semi-power beam width is from 2.76 to 2.78, and the vertical semi-power beam width is from 8.22 to 8.25.

The forward and backward ratio is -25 dB or less, and the impedance is 50?.

The difference between the maximum sum (?) Of the sum signal and the minimum? (Minimum?) Of the difference signal is 35.51 dB to 41.9 dB.

The horizontal level of the side lobe is from 26.46 to 28.81, and the level of the side lobe is not more than -18.05 dB in the direction of the ground and not less than -17.11 dB in the upward direction.

The level difference between the sum signal and the difference signal is not more than -9 dB at an angle of -90 to +90, -7 dB or less at an angle of -90 to -120 and 90-120.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an interrogator antenna of a peer discriminator, comprising: preparing an antenna substrate on one surface of a support plate; Placing the support plate and the antenna substrate on a first area of the housing; Providing a barrier rib on the antenna substrate; Inserting a plurality of first fastening members through an opening of the partition to fix the antenna substrate and the support plate to a first region of the housing; Placing the radome on a second area of the housing; A step of providing a pressure plate on the radome; And fixing the radome to the second area of the housing through the opening of the presser plate.

The antenna substrate is manufactured by bonding first and second insulating layers each having first and second conductive patterns formed thereon.

The process of fabricating the antenna substrate includes the steps of: providing a bonding layer between the first and second insulating layers on which the first and second conductive patterns are respectively formed; Placing a substrate having a bonding layer between the first and second insulating layers into an oven; Raising the temperature of the oven from room temperature to 150 to 200 캜 for 3 minutes to 10 minutes; Heating at a temperature of 150 ° C to 200 ° C for 15 minutes to 30 minutes; Lowering the temperature from 150 DEG C to 200 DEG C to room temperature for 5 minutes to 15 minutes; And discharging the substrate from the oven.

And pressing the substrate at a pressure of 0.5 kg to 2 kg using a pressing means.

The pressing process is performed from before the temperature rise to after the falling.

Forming a bonding film on one surface of the support plate, and bonding the other surface of the antenna substrate to one surface of the support plate.

First and second power supply openings are formed in predetermined regions of the support plate and the antenna substrate, respectively, and the support plate and the antenna substrate are bonded to each other so that the first and second power supply openings overlap each other.

And providing a cap on the second power supply opening of the antenna substrate.

The housing is manufactured such that the first region and the second region have a step.

The radome and the pressure plate are larger in at least one direction than the support plate, the antenna substrate, and the partition.

The antenna substrate for the interrogator antenna of the present invention includes a sum signal antenna unit and a difference signal antenna unit provided at one side of the sum signal antenna unit, And a plurality of microstrip patch antennas and circular planar antennas respectively formed on the first and second insulating layers.

The sum signal antenna unit is longer than the length of the other direction orthogonal to the length of one direction.

The length of one direction of the sum signal antenna unit is longer than the length of one direction of the difference signal antenna unit.

The length of the sum signal antenna in the other direction is the same as the length of the difference signal antenna in the other direction.

The sum signal antenna unit emits a sum signal including a main lobe and a side lobe, and the difference signal antenna unit radiates a difference signal at least 10 dB lower than the main lobe and at least 5 dB higher than the side lobe.

The microstrip patch antenna is in the form of a truncated corner square patch antenna.

The microstrip patch antenna has a shape in which two corners opposite to each other are cut off.

The circular plate antenna has a transition structure in which an incision is formed in a part of a region.

The transition structure has a length of 1/2 to 1/5 of the wavelength.

The inner diameter of the circular plate antenna is equal to or greater than the diameter of the microstrip patch antenna.

At least a part of the microstrip patch antenna is superimposed on the inside of the circular plate antenna.

The antenna substrate for the interrogator antenna of the sixth embodiment of the present invention includes a sum signal antenna unit and a difference signal antenna unit provided at one side of the sum signal antenna unit, And a radiation element in which a microstrip patch antenna and a circular flat plate antenna are formed in a direction of the radiation pattern, and the radiation elements are arranged in plural in one direction and the other direction orthogonal to the radiation element.

The arrangement interval of the radiation elements is 0.5 to 1 times the wavelength.

The distance from the outermost one side of one radiation element to the other outermost side of another radiation element adjacent thereto is 5 mm to 8 mm.

And the sum signal antenna unit is arranged with a larger number of the radiation elements than the difference signal antenna unit.

And a power feeder provided with the radiation elements removed from the sum signal antenna unit and the difference signal antenna unit, respectively.

And a plurality of radiation elements of the sum signal antenna unit are supplied with power through the power feed unit.

The sum signal antenna unit is gradually supplied from one side to the other side and is supplied with power so as to decrease again.

The sum signal antenna unit is low in one side and the other side in the other direction orthogonal to one direction and supplied with power higher than the one side and the other side.

And a plurality of radiation elements of the differential signal antenna unit are divided into two or more through power feeding units to receive power.

The differential signal antenna unit has a phase in which the radiation elements at one side and the outermost side in the one direction have a high phase and a radiation element has a phase that becomes lower and higher as going from the higher side to the center and a higher power is supplied to at least one radiation element in the central part, And lower power is supplied to the radiation element at the edge of the other side.

The difference signal antenna unit is low in one side and the other side in the other direction orthogonal to one direction and supplied with power higher than the other side.

An antenna substrate for an interrogator antenna of a peer discriminator according to a seventh aspect of the present invention includes stacked first and second insulating layers; A plurality of microstrip patch antennas formed on the first insulating layer; And a plurality of circular plate antennas formed on the second insulating layer, wherein the dielectric constant is 1 to 10.

The dielectric constant of the first and second insulating layers is 1 to 10.

The dielectric constant of the first and second insulating layers is 2 to 3.

The first and second insulating layers are thicker than the microstrip patch antenna and the circular plate antenna.

The microstrip patch antenna has a truncated corner shape in which two adjacent corners are cut off.

The circular plate antenna has a transition structure in which an incision is made in a length of 1/2 to 1/5 of the length of the circular plate antenna.

The microstrip patch antenna is superimposed on the inside of the circular plate antenna.

And a bonding layer provided between the first and second insulating layers.

The bonding layer is formed to be thinner than the first and second insulating layers.

A method of manufacturing an antenna substrate for an interrogator antenna of a peer discriminator according to an eighth aspect of the present invention includes: forming first and second conductive patterns on first and second insulating layers, respectively; Forming a bonding layer on the first insulating layer and providing a second insulating layer on the bonding layer; And bonding the first and second insulating layers by pressing at a predetermined temperature.

The step of bonding the first and second insulating layers may include the steps of injecting a substrate having a bonding layer between the first and second insulating layers into an oven; Raising the temperature of the oven from room temperature to 150 to 200 캜 for 3 minutes to 10 minutes; Heating at a temperature of 150 ° C to 200 ° C for 15 minutes to 30 minutes; Lowering the temperature from 150 DEG C to 200 DEG C to room temperature for 5 minutes to 15 minutes; And discharging the substrate from the oven.

The heating time is longer than the heating time and the falling time.

The descending time is longer than or equal to the temperature rising time.

Raising the substrate from room temperature to 160 캜 for 5 minutes; Heating at 160 DEG C for 20 minutes; And dropping the temperature from 160 DEG C to room temperature for 10 minutes.

And then pressing the substrate using a pressing means after the substrate is placed in an oven.

The pressing process is performed from before the temperature rise to after the falling.

The pressurization is carried out at a pressure of 0.5 kg to 2 kg.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the interrogator antenna of the present invention includes a sum signal antenna unit and a difference signal antenna unit provided at one side of the sum signal antenna unit, And a radiating element formed with a strip patch antenna and a circular flat antenna, wherein the sum signal antenna portion and the difference signal antenna portion have a plurality of radiation elements arranged in one direction and the other direction orthogonal to the radiation elements, The difference signal antenna portion emits signals of different intensities in at least one region.

The sum signal antenna unit outputs a signal of intensity decreasing from one area of the center part towards the outside.

The sum signal antenna unit is supplied with power so as to decrease from one area of the center part toward the outside.

The difference signal antenna unit outputs a signal of intensity decreasing from one area of the center part toward the outside.

The difference signal antenna unit is supplied with power so as to decrease from one area of the center part toward the outside.

In the differential signal antenna unit, a power is applied in a high phase to one and the other outermost radiation elements in one direction, and a power is applied in a phase in which the radiation elements become lower and higher toward the center.

The arrangement interval of the radiation elements is 0.5 to 1 times the wavelength.

The distance from the outermost one side of one radiation element to the other outermost side of another radiation element adjacent thereto is 5 mm to 8 mm.

And a feeding part provided in each of the sum signal antenna part and the difference signal antenna part.

And a plurality of radiation elements of the sum signal antenna unit are supplied with power through the power feed unit.

And a plurality of radiation elements of the differential signal antenna unit are divided into two or more through power feeding units to receive power.

The interrogator antenna of the tenth embodiment of the present invention comprises: a radiation element in which a microstrip patch antenna and a circular plate antenna are vertically stacked; A sum signal antenna portion in which a plurality of the radiation elements are arranged in one direction and the other direction orthogonal to the one direction; And a difference signal antenna unit provided at one side of the sum signal antenna unit and including a plurality of radiation elements arrayed in one direction and the other direction, wherein the sum signal antenna unit and the difference signal antenna unit are located outside And the difference signal antenna unit radiates a difference signal weaker than the main lobe and stronger than the side lobe to the entire section of the side lobe.

The difference signal antenna unit emits a difference signal at least 10 dB lower than the main lobe and at least 5 dB stronger than the side lobe.

The sum signal antenna unit is supplied with power so as to decrease from one area of the center part toward the outside.

The difference signal antenna unit is supplied with power so as to decrease from one area of the center part toward the outside.

The microstrip patch antenna is in the form of a truncated corner square patch antenna.

The circular plate antenna has a transition structure in which an incision is made in a length of 1/2 to 1/5 of a wavelength.

The distance from the outermost one side of one radiation element to the other outermost side of the other radiation element adjacent thereto is 0.5 to 1 times the wavelength.

An interrogator antenna of a peer identifier having an operating frequency of 36.0 GHz to 37.0 GHz, a horizontal semi-power beam width of 2.76 ° to 2.78 °, and a vertical semi-power beam width of 8.22 ° to 8.25 °.

The difference between the maximum value of the sum signal and the minimum value of the difference signal is 35.51 dB to 41.96 dB.

The horizontal level of the side lobe is from 26.46 to 28.81, the level of the side lobe is not more than -18.05 dB in the direction of the ground, and the level of the vertical lobe in the upward direction is not less than -17.11 dB.

The difference in level between the sum signal and the difference signal is -7 dB or less at an angle of -90 to -90, -90 to -120, and 90 to 120.

The interrogator antenna of the peer identifier according to the present invention emits a sum signal and a difference signal, and the sum signal is emitted including a main lobe and a side lobe. Further, the difference signal is radiated so as to completely suppress the side lobes. That is, the difference signal is radiated so as to suppress side lobes in all regions. Therefore, the signal strength inversion of the side lobe and the difference signal does not occur. For example, in the case of an armored car carrying a dense operation, there is no confusion in the result of the identification of the peer because the ally in the reverse section (side leaf) does not respond to the question signal. That is, since the peer identification does not occur in a specific direction other than the direction of the barrel, the identification of the peer on the target is performed properly.

1 to 3 are a perspective view, a partial cross-sectional view and an exploded exploded view of an interrogator antenna of a peer discriminator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 and 5 are an exploded perspective view and a sectional view showing a part of the antenna substrate of the interrogator antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view for explaining characteristics according to presence or absence of a transition structure applied to the present invention; FIG.
7 is a sectional view of an antenna substrate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a process diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing an antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of a 2 × 2 array antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
10 to 12 are simulation results of S parameter, radiation pattern, and axial ratio of a 2 × 2 array antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a plan view of a sum signal antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 14 and 15 are graphs showing a horizontal power distribution and an array coefficient pattern of a sum signal antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
16 and 17 are graphs showing a vertical power distribution and an array coefficient pattern of a sum signal antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
18 is a plan view of a differential signal antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
19 to 21 are graphs showing a power distribution, a phase distribution, and a directivity pattern of a difference signal antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing vertical and horizontal power distributions of a sum signal antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
23 is a schematic view showing a power and phase distribution of a difference signal antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
24 is a plan view of an antenna substrate in which a sum signal antenna unit and a difference signal antenna unit are combined according to an embodiment of the present invention.
25 shows a RHCP gain pattern of a sum signal and a difference signal of a conventional antenna.
26 is a RHCP gain pattern of a sum signal and a difference signal of an antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
27 to 29 are graphs showing S-parameters, vertical RHCP gain patterns, and axial ratios of an antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
30 is a graph showing a level difference between a sum signal and a difference signal in a horizontal plane of an antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
31 is a schematic view showing a measurement area for measuring a thickness of an antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but is capable of other various forms of implementation, and that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, It is provided to let you know completely.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an interrogator antenna of a peer discriminator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 3 is an exploded exploded view.

1 to 3, an interrogator antenna 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a support plate 100, an antenna substrate 200 provided on the support plate 100, A cap 300 provided in a predetermined region, a partition wall 400 provided on the antenna substrate 200, a radome 500 provided on the partition wall 400, and a pressure plate 600 provided on the radome 500 can do. That is, the interrogator antenna of the present invention is provided with the support plate 100, the antenna substrate 200, the cap 300, the partition 400, the radome 500, and the pressure plate 600 from the lower side to the upper side. The housing 700 covers the lower side of the support plate 100 and covers the sides of the press plate 600 from the support plate 100 and accommodates them inwardly and at least a part of the support plate 100 from the support plate 100 to the press plate 600 And may further include a fastening member 800 for fastening to the housing 700.

1, the interrogator antenna 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention has a length in one direction (X direction) longer than a length in the other direction (Y direction) orthogonal thereto, and a vertical direction Z direction) with a predetermined thickness. In addition, the interrogator antenna 1000 may be provided with a housing 700 so as to enclose the side surfaces thereof, and the extension portions 1100 may be provided on two opposite sides of one direction. The extension portion 1100 is formed to extend at a predetermined width, and at least one opening 1110 is formed. The extension portion 1100 is provided so that the interrogator antenna 1000 is seated at the seating position and then the interlocking member (not shown) is inserted into the seating position through the opening 1110, For example. Hereinafter, the components of the interrogator antenna 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

1. Support plate

The support plate 100 is provided on the lower side of the antenna substrate 200 to support the antenna substrate 200. Here, the support plate 100 may contact the lower surface of the antenna substrate 200 to support the lower surface of the antenna substrate 200. Of course, the support plate 100 may be spaced apart from the lower surface of the antenna substrate 200 by a predetermined distance. When the support plate 100 and the antenna substrate 200 are in contact with each other, the support plate 100 and the antenna substrate 200 may be bonded and fixed. That is, after a predetermined adhesive is applied between the support plate 100 and the antenna substrate 200, the support plate 100 and the antenna substrate 200 can be bonded and fixed by curing the adhesive. In this case, the support plate 100 and the antenna substrate 200 may be contacted with each other, and the support plate 100 may be fixed to the support plate 100 by using a predetermined fastening member. And the antenna substrate 200 may be fixed with a predetermined gap therebetween. The contact between the support plate 100 and the antenna substrate 200 means that the upper surface of the support plate 100 and the lower surface of the antenna substrate 200 are at least partially in contact with each other.

The support plate 100 may be provided in the shape of the antenna substrate 200. That is, the support plate 100 may be provided in a shape of the interrogator antenna 1000, for example, a rectangular shape. In addition, the support plate 100 may be provided in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness. At this time, the support plate 100 may have the same size as the antenna substrate 200. That is, the support plate 100 and the antenna substrate 200 may be provided in the same size in one direction and the other direction orthogonal thereto. However, the support plate 100 may be provided larger than the antenna substrate 200. The support plate 100 may have the same thickness as the antenna substrate 200 or may be thicker than the antenna substrate 200. For example, the support plate 100 may be provided at a thickness of 1 to 5 times the thickness of the antenna substrate 200. Specifically, the support plate 100 may have a thickness of 1 mm to 5 mm, more specifically, a thickness of 2.5 mm to 3 mm. Meanwhile, the support plate 100 may be provided to surround the side surface of the antenna substrate 200. That is, the support plate 100 may be provided so as to surround the side surface from the lower surface of the antenna substrate 200. When the support plate 100 surrounds the side surface of the antenna substrate 200, the support plate 100 includes a flat plate portion contacting the lower surface of the antenna substrate 200 and a flat plate portion contacting the edge portion of the flat plate portion, And may include a rim portion provided to be formed. That is, a rim may be provided at the edge of the flat plate, so that the flat plate and the rim have a predetermined step. At this time, the rim portion may be provided at the same height as the height of the antenna substrate 200. However, the embodiment of the present invention describes a case in which the support plate 100 supports the lower surface of the antenna substrate 200 and does not cover the side surface. 2, a portion of the housing 700 is shown to surround the side of the support plate 100, and an extension 1100 extending in one direction from the housing 700 is shown.

The support plate 100 may have a plurality of openings 110 along the edges thereof. That is, a plurality of openings 110 may be provided at predetermined intervals along the edge of the support plate 100 having a flat plate shape. At this time, the openings 110 may be provided with the same interval and the same size. The fastening member can be inserted into the opening 110 of the support plate 100 via the opening 410 of the partition 400 via the opening 210 of the antenna substrate 200. In addition, a feed opening 120 may be formed at the center of the support plate 100. The waveguide is inserted through the power supply opening 120 and power can be supplied from the outside through the waveguide. At this time, two power supply openings 120 may be provided, and the two power supply openings 120 may be provided at a predetermined distance from the center of the support plate 100, for example. That is, power can be supplied to two areas of the antenna substrate 200, and external power can be supplied to the antenna substrate 200 through the two power supply openings 120. Meanwhile, the support plate 100 can be manufactured by CNC machining using an aluminum alloy, silver plating, or the like.

2. Antenna substrate

The antenna substrate 200 is provided on the support plate 100. Here, the antenna substrate 200 may have the same size as that of the support plate 100. That is, the length of the antenna substrate 200 in one direction and the other direction may be the same as that of the support plate 100. However, the antenna substrate 200 may be smaller than the support plate 100. In addition, a plurality of openings 210 may be formed along the edge of the antenna substrate 200. The plurality of openings 210 may be formed at the same position as the openings 110 formed in the support plate 100. That is, the antenna substrate 200 is provided on the support plate 100, and the openings 110 of the support plate 100 and the openings 210 of the antenna substrate 200 are overlapped. The coupling member inserted through the opening 310 of the partition 400 penetrates through the opening 210 of the antenna substrate 200 and the opening 110 of the support plate 100 and is inserted into the opening 310 of the housing 700, Area.

The antenna substrate 200 emits a signal of a predetermined frequency. That is, the antenna substrate 200 receives a signal of a predetermined frequency generated by an interrogator (not shown) and emits the signal toward the target. In this antenna substrate 200, an antenna pattern in which a conductive layer is patterned in a predetermined shape is formed on an insulator having a predetermined permittivity. That is, the antenna substrate 200 may be a printed circuit board having a predetermined conductive pattern formed on an insulating layer. Further, the antenna substrate 200 can simultaneously radiate the sum signal and the difference signal. For this purpose, the antenna substrate 200 may include a sum signal antenna unit 220 and a difference signal antenna unit 230. That is, the sum signal antenna unit 220 emits a sum signal, and the difference signal antenna unit 230 emits a difference signal. Here, the sum signal antenna unit 220 is provided in a substantially rectangular shape having a predetermined width and length, and the length in the X direction may be set to be about 2 to 5 times larger than the width in the Y direction. That is, the ratio of length to width may be from 2: 1 to 5: 1. Preferably, the sum signal antenna portion 220 may have a length-to-width ratio of 4: 1. Also, the difference signal antenna unit 230 may be provided at one side of the sum signal antenna unit 220. That is, the difference signal antenna unit 230 may be provided on the side of the sum signal antenna unit 220 in the longitudinal direction. The difference signal antenna unit 230 may be shorter than the sum signal antenna unit 220. That is, the length of the difference signal antenna unit 230 may be shorter than the sum signal antenna unit 220 in one direction (X direction). Here, the difference signal antenna unit 230 may be provided with a ratio of length: width of 2: 1 to 1: 2. That is, the length of the difference signal antenna portion 230 can be two times larger than the width and twice smaller than the width. Preferably, the difference signal antenna unit 230 may have the same length and width. Here, the antenna substrate 200 allows the difference signal to be radiated so as to suppress side lobes of the sum signal according to the feature of the present invention. That is, the difference signal is radiated at a higher intensity than the side lobe of the sum signal.

In addition, a feed opening 240 may be formed in the antenna substrate 200. That is, the antenna substrate 200 may be formed with the power supply opening 240 so as to overlap the power supply opening 120 of the support plate 100. That is, the power supply opening 240 may be provided in the sum signal antenna unit 220 and the difference signal antenna unit 230, respectively. A waveguide inserted through the power supply opening 120 of the support plate 100 is inserted into the power supply opening 240 so that the sum signal antenna unit 220 and the difference signal antenna unit 230 are supplied with a predetermined power, And a difference signal may be respectively supplied. A conductive pattern is not formed in the region where the power supply opening 240 of the antenna substrate 200 is formed.

Meanwhile, the antenna substrate 200 may have a multi-layer structure, and preferably a two-layer structure. That is, the antenna substrate 200 is formed with predetermined conductive patterns, and the first and second insulating layers having predetermined dielectric constants may be laminated. In addition, the power supply opening 240 may be formed through the insulating layer of the printed circuit board. The antenna substrate 200 may have a thickness of 0.2 mm to 1 mm, more specifically, a thickness of 0.6 mm to 0.7 mm.

The structure and manufacturing method of the antenna substrate 200 will be described in detail later.

3. Cap

The cap 300 may be provided in a predetermined area on the antenna substrate 200. That is, the cap 300 may be provided on the power supply opening 240 of the antenna substrate 200. Therefore, the power supply opening 240 is covered by the cap 300. The cap 300 may be connected to a wave guide introduced through the power supply opening 240. Also, the cap 300 may be connected to the conductive patterns of the sum signal antenna unit 220 and the difference signal antenna unit 230, respectively. That is, the first cap is connected to a part of the conductive pattern of the sum signal antenna unit 220, and the second cap is connected to a part of the conductive pattern of the difference signal antenna unit 230. The cap 300 is provided on the antenna substrate 200 and connected to the waveguide introduced through the power supply opening 240, thereby facilitating the feeding of the waveguide. Meanwhile, the cap 300 may be made of aluminum alloy or the like, and may be manufactured by CNC machining.

4. The bulkhead

The barrier ribs 400 may be provided on the antenna substrate 200. The barrier ribs 400 may be provided along the edges of the antenna substrate 200. That is, the barrier ribs 400 may be provided in a rectangular frame shape having a predetermined width. The outer diameter of the partition wall 400 in one direction is the same as the length of the antenna substrate 200 in one direction and the outer diameter in the other direction may be the same as the length of the antenna substrate 200 in the other direction. In addition, a plurality of openings 410 may be formed in the barrier ribs 400. The openings 410 may be provided at the same positions as the openings 210 and 110 of the antenna substrate 200 and the support plate 100. That is, when the support plate 100, the antenna substrate 200, and the barrier ribs 400 are stacked, the respective openings 110, 210, and 410 may be provided at the same position. The partition wall 400 allows the antenna substrate 200 to be fixed on the support plate 100. A predetermined coupling member (not shown) is inserted into the openings 210 and 110 of the antenna substrate 200 and the support plate 100 through the opening 410 so that the barrier rib 400 and the antenna substrate 200 are supported by the support plate 100, respectively. In this case, the coupling member inserted from the partition wall 400 may be inserted through the openings 210 and 110 of the antenna substrate 200 and the support plate 100, And can be fastened to the housing 700. Meanwhile, the barrier rib 400 separates the antenna substrate 200 and the radome 500 by a predetermined distance. That is, the separation distance between the antenna substrate 200 and the radome 500 can be determined according to the thickness of the barrier ribs 400. The barrier rib 400 may have the same thickness as the antenna substrate 200 or may be thicker than the antenna substrate 200. For example, the barrier ribs 400 may be provided at a thickness of 1 to 5 times the thickness of the antenna substrate 200. Further, the barrier ribs 400 may be formed to be equal to or thicker than the support plate 100. For example, the barrier ribs 400 may be formed to a thickness of 1 mm to 5 mm, more specifically, to a thickness of 2.5 mm to 3 mm.

The barrier ribs 400 may be manufactured through CNC processing using an aluminum alloy. That is, the barrier ribs 400 may be formed of the same material as the support plate 100 and the cap 300. Meanwhile, although the barrier rib 400 has been described as a rectangular frame, it may be provided in a plate shape.

5. Radome

The radome 500 may be provided to protect the interrogator antenna from the external environment. That is, the radome 500 is provided to cover the upper part of the partition wall 400, thereby protecting the antenna substrate 200 and the like provided between the support plate 100 and the radome 500 with the external environment. In addition, the radome 500 may be provided larger than the partition wall 400 and the antenna substrate 200 provided at the lower side thereof. That is, the respective lengths in the one direction and the other direction orthogonal to the one direction may be larger than the barrier ribs 400 and the antenna substrate 200. A plurality of openings 510 are formed at the edge of the radome 500. The coupling member 800 is inserted through the opening 510 so that the radome 500 can be fastened and fixed to the housing 700 .

The radome 500 may be provided in a flat plate shape having a predetermined thickness. The radome 500 may have the same thickness as the partition 400, the support plate 100, and the like. For example, the radome 500 may have a thickness of 1 mm to 5 mm, more specifically, a thickness of 2.5 mm to 3 mm. On the other hand, a predetermined space may be provided inside the radome 500. That is, the radome 500 may be formed to protrude upward from the edge to a predetermined height. Accordingly, a predetermined space can be provided inside the radome 500. In addition, the inner space of the radome 500 may be provided with a collecting means for collecting moisture, oxygen, and the like penetrating from the outside. That is, if moisture, oxygen, etc. penetrate into the interrogator antenna, the antenna substrate 200 may be corroded or the conductive pattern of the antenna substrate 200 may be oxidized, which may cause malfunction or failure of the interrogator antenna. . Therefore, a collection means such as a hygroscopic agent can be provided inside the radome 500 to collect moisture or oxygen. Meanwhile, the radome 500 may be formed of a resin such as polycarbonate.

6. Presser plate

The pressure plate 600 may be provided in a rectangular frame shape with a central portion opened. Here, the length of the pressure plate 600 in one direction and the other direction may be the same as the length of the radome 500. The pressure plate 600 has a plurality of openings 610 formed at its edges. The opening 610 of the pressure plate 600 may be provided at the same position and the same size as the opening 510 of the radome 500. The fastening member 800 can be inserted through the opening 610 of the pressure plate 600 and the opening 510 of the radome 500 and inserted into the housing 700 so that the radome 500 and the pressure plate 600 are fastened to the housing 700. The press plate 600 can be manufactured by, for example, CNC machining using stainless steel. In addition, the pressure plate 600 may have the same thickness as the radome 500, and may have a thickness of 1 mm to 5 mm, more specifically, a thickness of 2.5 mm to 3 mm

7. Housing

The housing 700 may be provided to surround the lower portion and the side surface of the interrogator antenna. That is, the housing 700 may be provided to cover the lower portion of the support plate 100 and the side surface of the pressure plate 600 from the support plate 100. Meanwhile, the housing 700 may have a predetermined stepped portion inward. That is, the inner diameter of the housing 700 may be different in at least two regions. 3, the first area in which the support plate 100, the antenna substrate 200, and the barrier 400 are received is smaller than the second area in which the radome 500 and the pressure plate 600 are accommodated Diameter. The support plate 100 and the antenna substrate 200 are coupled to each other through the partition wall 400 and are provided inside the first area of the housing 700 and the radome 500 and the pressure plate 600 are provided in the housing 700 2 region. At this time, the support plate 100, the antenna substrate 200, and the partition wall 400 are fixed to the inner step portion of the housing 700, and the radome 500 and the pressure plate 600 are fixed to the outer step portion of the housing 700 .

8. Fastening member

The fastening member 800 is inserted into the opening 610 of the pressure plate 600 and the opening 510 of the radome 500 and is fastened to the housing 700 through the opening 610. The fastening member 800 may be formed of a bolt.

Meanwhile, although the interrogator antenna according to one embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3, the constructions constituting the interrogator antenna may be provided in various shapes and may be fastened by various methods. For example, the support plate 100 may be integrally assembled from the pressure plate 600, and the assembled structures may be provided inside the housing 700 to construct the interrogator antenna. At this time, all of the support plate 100 to the pressing plate 600 may have the same size, and an opening may be formed in the same area so that the fastening member 800 can be inserted.

Antenna substrate

The antenna substrate of the interrogator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

4 and 5 are an exploded perspective view and a sectional view showing a part of the configuration of an antenna substrate of an interrogator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a schematic view for explaining characteristics according to presence or absence of a transition structure, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an antenna substrate according to another embodiment of the present invention. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing an antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 and 5, an antenna substrate 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first insulating layer 2110, a first conductive pattern 2210 formed on one surface of the first insulating layer 2110, A second insulating layer 2120 provided on the first insulating layer 2110 and a second conductive pattern 2220 formed on the second insulating layer 2120. That is, the antenna substrate 200 of the interrogator antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention is formed by stacking two insulating layers 2110 and 2120, forming conductive patterns 2210 and 2220 on the two insulating layers 2110 and 2120, Respectively. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a bonding layer 2300 may be further provided between the two insulating layers 2110 and 2120 so as to bond them.

In the present invention, the antenna substrate 200 is formed by laminating the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120. The reason for this will be described below. In order to satisfy the target performance, the antenna substrate 200 has to arrange a large number of conductive patterns. When a single-layer insulating layer is used, a plurality of conductive patterns must be arranged on the insulating layer, The size of the antenna substrate 200 is increased. In addition, a relatively small number of conductive patterns can be arranged to prevent the size of the antenna substrate 200 from increasing. However, in this case, the gain enhancement structure must be implemented in the same layer to secure the gain, but there is a problem that it is difficult to implement the gain enhancement structure on the same layer. In addition, EMI characteristics, durability, and PCB pattern protection are very difficult. On the other hand, when the antenna substrate 200 is manufactured by stacking too many layers of insulating layers, a large number of bonding films are required to bond the insulating layers, and the dielectric constant of the antenna substrate 200 . Therefore, the antenna characteristic is lowered by increasing the process error and changing the frequency of the high gain array antenna using the high frequency. Accordingly, the present invention has selected a double stacked structure of insulating layers capable of implementing striplines to effectively meet the target performance.

2.1. Insulating layer

The first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may have a predetermined dielectric constant. For example, the insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may each have a dielectric constant of 1 to 10. The insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may have a dielectric constant of preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 2 to 3. Therefore, the antenna substrate 200 may have a dielectric constant of 1 to 10. Thus, the insulating layer 2110 and 2120 can emit a signal so that reflection and insertion loss are generated by having a low dielectric constant. That is, when a material having a dielectric constant of more than 10 is used for the insulating layers 2110 and 2120, it is difficult to design a transmission line having an impedance of 50 ?, and radiation loss and insertion loss are generated, . Meanwhile, the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may have different dielectric constants. However, even if the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 have different dielectric constants, the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may have a dielectric constant of 1 to 10. That is, the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may have different dielectric constants in the range of 1 to 10. By varying the dielectric constants of the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120, the radiation characteristics of the frequency can be adjusted, and thus the frequency of the interrogation signal can be partially adjusted by the interrogator antenna.

The first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may be made of various materials so as to have a dielectric constant of 10 or less. For example, a film coated with a fluorine resin on an insulating resin can be used as the insulating layers 2110 and 2120. Here, the insulating resin may include polyimide (PI) and polyester (PET). The fluororesin may be selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA) And may include a variety of different complexes.

2.2. Conductive pattern

The antenna substrate 200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention must be implemented on a flat plate, radiate a pattern without side lobes, and have excellent circular polarization characteristics. In addition, since the feeder line is selected as a strip line with low loss, the antenna substrate 200 should be designed in consideration of compatibility with the strip line. In consideration of these conditions, the most suitable form of the conductive pattern of the antenna substrate 200 is that of a truncated corner rectangular patch antenna, and a suitable transition structure is required on the line. That is, any one of the conductive patterns may be realized by, for example, a rectangular patch antenna with two edges facing each other cut off, and the other may be implemented with a structure in which a cut is formed in a certain region.

A single radiation element, embodied on the antenna substrate 200, is primarily radiated through a microstrip patch antenna. The microstrip patch antenna may be formed on the first insulating layer 2110. That is, the first conductive pattern 2210 formed on the first insulating layer 2110 may be a microstrip patch antenna. The first conductive pattern 2210 extends straight from the edge of the first insulating layer 2110 to the center and has a truncated corner ). ≪ / RTI > That is, the first conductive pattern 2210 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and a portion of two diagonals opposite to each other may be formed of a cut truncated square rectangular patch antenna. Here, the microstrip patch antenna, that is, the first conductive pattern 2210, can cut circularly polarized waves by forming a difference in electrical length between two diagonals of the patch by cutting both ends. That is, circularly polarized waves can be formed by cutting out two corners opposite to each other in the shape of a rhombus or a quadrangle, that is, by forming a microstrip patch antenna with a substantially hexagonal shape with two diagonals facing each other at an angle of 90 ° . In other words, the two vertexes facing each other form an angle of 90 ° with two adjacent sides, extend a predetermined length so as to form an angle of 90 ° with respect to one vertex, and change directions in a vertical direction so that the two sides form an obtuse angle of 90 ° or more. In this case, the distance between two opposing sides, that is, the diameter can be set to 1 mm to 5 mm, preferably 2 mm to 3 mm in consideration of the frequency of the antenna designed in the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, the size of the most suitable patch is 2.62 mm. That is, the diameter of the first conductive pattern 2210 implemented by the microstrip patch antenna is 1 mm to 5 mm, preferably 2 mm to 3 mm, and more preferably 2.62 mm.

The electromagnetic waves radiated from the microstrip patch antenna are fed to the circular plate antenna, which is implemented in the upper layer, in the form of coupling feeding. That is, a circular plate antenna is formed on the second insulating layer 2120 by the second conductive pattern 2220. The circular plate antenna may be formed in a substantially ring or donut shape having a predetermined width. The circular plate antenna serves to improve the circular polarization characteristics and the directivity of the wave radiated from the microstrip patch antenna. Here, the circular plate antenna may have an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the microstrip patch antenna. For example, the inner diameter of the circular plate antenna can be set to 2 mm to 6 mm, preferably 2 mm to 4 mm. Considering the frequency, the maximum gain and the optimum circular polarization characteristic of the antenna designed in the present invention, the diameter of the circular structure most suitable is 2.88 mm. Meanwhile, a first conductive pattern 2210, that is, a microstrip patch antenna may be provided inside the second conductive pattern 2220, that is, inside the circular plate antenna. That is, at least a part of the second conductive pattern 2220 may be formed on the inner side of the ring-shaped first conductive pattern 2210. Preferably, all of the second conductive patterns 2220 may be disposed within the inner diameter of the first conductive pattern 2210.

On the other hand, since the array antenna distributes the power to each antenna using the strip line, a proper transition structure must be applied between the microstrip antenna and the strip distribution line. Therefore, a proper transition structure can be added between the antenna and the strip line. That is, a predetermined area of the ring-shaped circular flat antenna can be cut to form a transition structure. This structure plays a role of suppressing the reflected wave by forming a virtual short-circuit point by implementing a stub having a shorter length than the circular plate antenna at the point where the shape of the line is changed. That is, the transition structure is formed such that the length of the transition structure from which a predetermined region of the ring-shaped circular plate antenna is removed has a length of 1/2 to 1/5 of the wavelength. That is, a transition structure can be formed by cutting a predetermined area of the circular plate antenna with a length of 1/2 to 1/5 of the wavelength, that is, a length of? / 2 to? / 5, preferably a length of? / 4 . In the absence of a transition structure, a reflected wave can be generated as shown in FIG. 6 (a), but when a transition structure is formed, no reflected wave is generated as shown in FIG. 6 (b).

The first and second conductive patterns 2210 and 2220 for forming the microstrip patch antenna and the circular flat antenna on the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may be formed using a conductive material such as metal . For example, the first and second conductive patterns 2210 and 2220 may be formed of copper, gold, or the like, preferably copper.

In addition, the conductive patterns 2210 and 2220 are formed to be thinner than the insulating layers 2110 and 2120. That is, the insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may be formed to have a thickness ten times or more thicker than the conductive patterns 2210 and 2220. For example, the insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may be provided 10 to 20 times thicker than the conductive patterns 2210 and 2220, preferably 13 to 17 times thicker, more preferably 14 Fold to fifteen times the thickness. If the insulating layers 2110 and 2120 are formed to have a thickness exceeding 20 times the conductive patterns 2210 and 2220, the thickness of the antenna substrate 200 may be increased to increase the thickness of the interrogator antenna, The frequency of the signal can be changed by the interference between the two conductive patterns 2210 and 2220. For example, the conductive patterns 2210 and 2220 may be formed to a thickness of 0.010 mm to 0.030 mm, preferably 0.015 mm to 0.025 mm, and more preferably 0.018 mm to 0.020 mm As shown in FIG. The insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may be formed to a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm, preferably 0.23 mm to 0.27 mm, more preferably 0.24 mm to 0.26 mm As shown in FIG.

2.3. Junction layer

Meanwhile, a bonding layer 2300 may be further provided between the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 as shown in FIG. The bonding layer 2300 may be provided to bond or bond the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120. That is, a microstrip patch antenna is formed by a first conductive pattern 2210 of a predetermined pattern on the first insulating layer 2110, a second conductive pattern 2220 of a predetermined pattern is formed on the second insulating layer 2120, The first insulating layer 2110 and the second insulating layer 2120 can be bonded to each other by using the bonding layer 2300. [ The bonding layer 2300 is provided on the first insulating layer 2110 on which the first conductive pattern 2210 is formed and the other surface of the second insulating layer 2120 on which the second conductive pattern 2220 is not formed To be contacted. It is preferable that the bonding layer 2300 is made of a material having excellent bonding properties and a low curing temperature without changing physical properties of the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120. That is, when the physical properties of the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 are changed by the bonding layer 2300, the dielectric constant of the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may be changed, It is possible to cause defects in the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 or the conductive patterns 2210 and 2220. In addition, the bonding layer 2300 may be formed to have a thickness smaller than that of the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120. That is, since the dielectric constant of the bonding layer 2300 is different from that of the first and second dielectric layers 2110 and 2120, the dielectric constant of the antenna substrate 200 can be changed if the thickness of the bonding layer 2300 is too large . For this, the bonding layer 2300 may have a thickness of 1/5 to 1/20 of the thickness of each of the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120. That is, the bonding layer 2300 may be formed to be 5 to 20 times thinner than the thickness of each of the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120. For example, the bonding layer 2300 may be formed to a thickness of 0.01 mm to 0.05 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, and more preferably 0.3 mm to 0.35 mm.

Meanwhile, the present invention applies a predetermined pressure and bonds the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 at a predetermined temperature using the bonding layer 2300. The process recipe of the bonding process using the bonding layer 2300 is shown in Fig. The manufacturing method of the antenna substrate, that is, the joining method will be described with reference to the FIG. 8 recipe.

First, a substrate having a bonding layer 2300 formed between the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 is placed in a predetermined oven. The bonding layer 2300 may have a thinner thickness than the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 and may be provided in a film form. The oven may be provided with a seating portion for seating a substrate therein, and may be provided with a pressing means for pressing the substrate at a predetermined pressure from above. Also, the oven can rise and fall to a predetermined temperature, and the temperature rise and fall can be performed for a predetermined time. Therefore, a substrate provided with a bonding layer 2300 between the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 is put into the oven to be placed on the seating part. At this time, a heater is provided in the seating portion on which the substrate is placed, so that the substrate can be heated. Of course, a heater may be provided on the side wall in the oven, or a heater may be provided in the space inside the oven.

Then, the substrate placed on the seating portion is pressed using the pressing means. The pressing means preferably has an area equal to or larger than the area of the insulating layers 2110 and 2120. If the area of the pressing means is smaller than that of the insulating layers 2110 and 2120, the pressure distribution may be different and ununiformity may be caused. Further, the pressing means can press the substrate with a pressure of 0.5 kg to 2 kg. The pressure using the pressing means may vary depending on the thickness, material, etc. of the insulating layers 2110 and 2120. If the pressure of the pressurizing means is too weak, it may not be well bonded. If the pressure is too high, cracks may be generated in the insulating layers 2110 and 2120, or a conductive pattern formed on the insulating layers 2110 and 2120 may be damaged May occur. Therefore, the pressing means can press the substrate with a pressure of 0.5 kg to 2 kg, and the embodiment of the present invention presses the substrate with a pressure of 1 kg.

 The temperature in the oven is raised to the process temperature while the substrate is pressed using the pressing means. The process temperature may be controlled depending on the material, thickness, etc. of the bonding layer 2300, and may be, for example, 100 ° C to 200 ° C. In addition, the process temperature can be increased for 3 to 10 minutes. If the process temperature is rapidly increased to a process temperature too fast, cracks may be generated in the insulating layers 2110 and 2120, or the bonding layer 2300 may melt too quickly and flow down to the side surface of the substrate. On the other hand, if the temperature is raised too slowly to the process temperature, the process time may increase. Embodiments of the present invention raise the temperature from room temperature (23 占 폚) to 160 占 폚 for 5 minutes.

The substrate is heated for a predetermined time after the temperature is raised to the process temperature. The heating time of the substrate may be, for example, 15 minutes to 30 minutes. That is, the heating time is longer than the heating time. However, if the heating time is too short, the bonding layer 2300 may not be completely melted and the insulating layer may not be completely bonded. If the heating time is too long, the process time may increase and the productivity may be deteriorated. In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer is bonded by heating at a temperature of 160 DEG C for 20 minutes.

After the substrate is heated at a predetermined process temperature for a predetermined time, the temperature of the oven is lowered to cool the substrate. The temperature of the oven is lowered to 23 [deg.] C for, for example, 5 minutes to 15 minutes to cool the substrate. That is, the cooling time may be longer than or equal to the heating time, and may be shorter than the heating time. If the substrate is cooled too quickly, cracks may be generated in the insulating layers 2110 and 2120, and if the substrate is cooled too slowly, the process time may increase. Heating according to an embodiment of the present invention is performed for 10 minutes.

The temperature of the oven is lowered to cool the substrate, and then the substrate on which the first and second insulating layers 2110 and 2120 are bonded is removed from the oven. Then, such a substrate can be bonded onto the support plate.

In order to facilitate smooth power distribution and circular polarization characteristics, the antenna structure in which the microstrip patch antenna formed on the antenna substrate and the circular plate antenna formed on the antenna substrate according to the embodiment of the present invention are stacked, Design. 9 is a partial perspective view of an antenna substrate in which a 2 × 2 array according to an embodiment of the present invention is bundled into one cell. As shown in FIG. 9, a microstrip patch antenna is implemented in an intermediate layer of an antenna substrate, a circular plate antenna is implemented in a top layer, and a radiation element having such a configuration (that is, one microstrip patch The antenna and the circular plate antenna are referred to as a radiation element) are assembled into one cell. In addition, energy transfer between the strip line and the microstrip line is maximized by applying a technique for converting the energy transferred to the strip line to a microstrip line. Therefore, an antenna having high gain and smooth radiation characteristics can be realized.

That is, a microstrip patch antenna is formed by the first conductive pattern 2210 on the first insulating layer 2110 described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, and the second conductive pattern 2210 is formed on the second insulating layer 2120 2220 form a circular planar antenna, which can be implemented as a single cell on a plane. As shown in FIG. 9, two microstrip lines of an upper direction antenna pattern (that is, one microstrip patch antenna and a circular planar antenna superimposed in a vertical direction and named as an antenna pattern) are connected, And the microstrip lines of the two downward antenna patterns are connected to the second port. The microstrip line is formed by extending from the microstrip patch antenna, and two microstrip lines adjacent to each other in one direction are connected to the same port.

On the other hand, sequential rotation method is applied to the 2 × 2 array in order to improve the circular polarization characteristic. A phase difference of 180 ° between port 1 and port 2 can be applied to apply the sequential rotation.

Figs. 10 to 12 show simulation results of the S parameter, the radiation pattern, and the axial ratio of the 2x2 array cell. As can be seen from the S-parameter simulation result of FIG. 10, the 2 × 2 array cell shows excellent performance with a maximum of -24.4 dB for S11, -24.0 dB for S22 and -26.4 dB for S21 in the design target frequency band. Also, as shown in the result of the simulation of the gain pattern of FIG. 11, the designed 2 × 2 array cell has a broad main beam region of about 75 °, shows right hand circular polarization (RHCP) gain of about 14 dB, (Left Hand Circular Polarization) gain difference of about ㏈. As shown in Fig. 12, an axial ratio of 3 dB or less is seen at ± 30 ° or less. Thus, the 2x2 array cell exhibits excellent characteristics as a unit cell.

2 × 2 array cells are arranged using horizontal and vertical array coefficients, and the power divider is designed to be fed with the calculated power and phase distributions to design the high gain array antenna of each of the sum channel and the differential channel.

Sum (?) Signal antenna section

13 is a plan view of a sum (sigma) signal antenna portion according to an embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of 2 × 2 array cells are arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction as unit cells. That is, a single radiation element in which a microstrip antenna and a circular plate antenna are stacked is arranged in a matrix of 32x8 by arranging 32 and 8, respectively. In addition, for the waveguide feeding space, the antenna pattern of the space that does not affect the design target pattern is removed, and a space for feeding (A) is provided. At this time, the power supply space is provided as a space of one unit cell, for example, by removing one unit cell.

The sum (sigma) signal antenna section should be designed to have high gain and excellent lateral suppression in the horizontal direction. For this, it should be designed to have proper number of array elements, array spacing, input power distribution and phase distribution between elements. The array interval may be set to, for example, 0.5 lambda to 1 lambda. The closer the array interval is to 1λ, that is, the wavelength, the more the directivity is increased. However, when the interval is larger than 1λ, the side lobe becomes closer to the main beam and the directivity is reduced. Therefore, the optimal spacing between the directivity and the side lobe was calculated, and the value was 6.48 mm (about 0.8λ at 36.85 GHz). That is, because it is 1λ velocity (3 × 10 ⁸⁾ / Frequency (36.7㎓~38㎓) of light is in 36.85㎓ 1λ about 8㎜, 0.8λ is 6.48㎜. In the embodiment of the present invention, the distance from the outermost one direction of one radiating element to the outermost outermost side of other radiating elements adjacent thereto may be 5 mm to 8 mm. For example, the distance from the rightmost outermost side of the circular plate antenna of one radiating element to the rightmost outermost side of the circular plate antenna of another radiating element adjacent in the right direction may be 5 mm to 8 mm, for example, 6.48 mm. In other words, the sum of the distance between one radiation element and another radiation element and the width of the radiation element can be 5 mm to 8 mm. The distance between one radiating element and another radiating element adjacent to the other radiating element, that is, the distance between the other side edge of one radiating element and one side edge of another radiating element adjacent to the radiating element, may be 1 mm to 5 mm. For example, 2.76 mm at 36.85 GHz.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing a horizontal power distribution of a sum signal antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 15 is a graph of an array coefficient pattern. That is, FIG. 14 is a graph showing the power distribution of 32 elements arranged in the horizontal direction, and FIG. 15 is a graph of signals radiated from the sum signal antenna.

As a result of the simulation and array synthesis calculations, as shown in Figs. 14 and 15, when an array interval of 6.48 mm is set, the number of element arrays is 32 to obtain a half power beam width of 2.6 degrees, It can be seen that the power must be distributed to the input power distribution of each device as shown in FIG.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 14, the grating lobes generated at ± 38 ° of the sum (Σ) channels are suppressed by gently determining a power distribution difference between adjacent elements, The performance of the car was satisfied. That is, the power distribution can be set such that power is increased to the 14th device, power is constantly maintained from the 14th device to the 18th device, and power is reduced from the 18th device to the 32th device. Therefore, it is possible to output a signal so that two elements, that is, the thirteenth element to the eighteenth element, output the maximum signal on both sides of the 16th element located in the middle among the 32 elements, and decrease as the distance is further increased. In addition, in the array coefficient design, the power distribution between the horizontal array elements is calculated so that the array elements satisfying the design limit line are placed at the beam width and the sidelobe level with the design limit line as shown in Fig. At this time, the beam width limiting line of the main lobe is set to 2.7 degrees, and the limiting line of the side lobe level can be set to -35 dB.

FIG. 16 is a graph showing power distribution between vertically arranged elements of a sum channel antenna, and FIG. 17 is a graph showing a vertical array coefficient pattern.

In the case of the vertical pattern, the design requirement of the half power beam width and the side lobe level is not as strict as that of the horizontal pattern. Even in the vertical pattern, when applying the array interval (6.48 mm) applied when deriving the horizontal pattern, eight element array numbers are required to obtain a half power beam width of 8.4 degrees, and each of the eight elements must have the power distribution shown in FIG. That is, the same power is applied to the first and second elements from the top and the seventh and eighth elements, and the same power is applied to the third to sixth elements higher than this. Therefore, the maximum signal can be output from the third to sixth elements, and a signal lower than the maximum signal can be output from the other elements. The array coefficient pattern that can be obtained at this time is shown in FIG. That is, an array coefficient pattern having a beam width limit line of 8.4 DEG and a sub-level level limit line of about -18 dB can be obtained.

As a result, the sum signal antenna unit can apply a maximum power to a predetermined range of a central portion and a lower power as the signal is farther from the central portion in order to output a low signal as the signal is maximally outputted in a predetermined range of the central portion .

(?) Signal antenna unit

18 is a plan view of a car antenna signal portion according to an embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of 2 × 2 array cells are arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction as unit cells. That is, a single radiation element in which a microstrip antenna and a circular plate antenna are stacked is arranged in 8x8 by arranging 8 and 8, respectively. In addition, for the waveguide feeding space, the antenna pattern of the space that does not affect the design target pattern is removed, and a space for feeding (B) is provided. At this time, the power supply space is provided as a space of one unit cell, for example, by removing one unit cell.

Since the interrogator antenna does not have a differential signal antenna in the vertical pattern, the vertical pattern of the differential signal antenna may be the same as the vertical pattern of the sum signal antenna. Therefore, it is possible to apply the array synthesis design only in the horizontal pattern, and all design values of the vertical pattern can be applied according to the design value of the sum (?) Signal antenna portion.

The signal antenna portion of the difference signal (△) signal is most ideal in that almost all of the radiation is emitted in the reference direction but not in the bore sight. To achieve this, an appropriate power distribution and phase distribution should be implemented between array elements. FIGS. 19 to 21 show the power distribution, phase distribution, and directivity pattern for each radiating element to be applied for realizing the difference (?) Signal antenna portion.

In order to obtain a difference signal pattern, the phase distribution should be designed so that the left and right elements have a phase difference of 180 degrees with respect to the center of the array. In the present invention, the left and right power distributor patterns are designed symmetrically to each other as shown in FIG. 19, so that a phase distribution for forming a? Can be implemented. That is, as shown in FIG. 19, a high power is supplied to the central four elements, that is, the third to sixth elements, and low power is supplied to four peripheral elements, i.e., first, second, seventh and eighth elements have. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 20, a horizontal array coefficient of 0 °, that is, a minimum value at the center can be obtained as shown in FIG. 21 without generating a phase difference of 180 ° in the center element. That is, a high signal can be output from four central elements, that is, from the third to sixth elements, and lower signals can be output from four peripheral elements, i.e., first, second, seventh, and eighth elements.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the power distribution between the radiation elements of the sum signal antenna portion, and FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing the power and phase distribution between radiation elements of the difference signal antenna portion.

As shown in FIG. 22, in the case of the sum signal antenna portion, the phase distribution is set to be the same and the power distribution is set to be different. That is, the sum signal antenna unit applies high power as it goes from the outermost one side to the center in one direction in which 32 are arranged, and applies a lower power from the predetermined number of the center toward the outermost side of the other side. At this time, the same power is applied to the outermost one side and the outermost side of the other side, and the same power can be applied to the devices located at the same position on one side and the other side from the center part. In addition, a predetermined number of power is applied to a predetermined number from the outermost one side in the vertical direction and a predetermined number of power is applied to a predetermined number of the central portions. Therefore, the sum signal antenna portion in which the plurality of radiation elements are arranged in one direction and the other direction orthogonal to the one direction is lower in power from the central portion toward one direction and the other direction.

The phase distribution is set differently in the azimuth direction of the difference signal antenna portion as shown in FIG. That is, the differential signal antenna unit applies a high power to a predetermined number of central portions in one direction, that is, a lateral direction, and applies a low power to a predetermined number of edges of one side and the other side. In addition, the outermost elements on one side and the outermost side may have a high phase and a phase that becomes lower and higher from the center. Further, low power is applied to a predetermined number from the outermost side of the one side in the vertical direction and a predetermined number from the outermost side of the other side, and high power is applied to a predetermined number of the central portions.

24 is a plan view of an antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention. That is, a plan view of an antenna substrate in which a sum signal antenna unit and a difference signal antenna unit are mounted on one substrate. In this antenna substrate, for example, a difference signal antenna unit arranged in 8x8 is arranged on one side of a sum signal antenna unit arranged in 32x8. Therefore, the antenna substrate is realized with a substantially T-shaped configuration in which the width of the sum signal antenna portion and the length and width of the difference signal antenna portion are the same and the length of the sum signal antenna portion is longer than these. Here, the sum signal antenna unit is designed such that all the radiation elements receive power from a power feeder provided in a region (A) where no radiation element is formed. However, the difference signal antenna unit draws a signal from both of the two ends of the feeder unit (B), and operates as two antennas, thereby generating a phase difference to generate a difference pattern. That is, the sum signal antenna unit and the difference signal antenna unit can be distinguished by a design difference in which power is supplied by the power feed unit.

FIG. 25 is a RHCP gain pattern of a sum signal and a difference signal of a conventional interrogator antenna, and FIG. 26 is a RHCP gain pattern of a sum signal and a difference signal of an interrogator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The sum signal generates main lobes and side lobes, and the difference signal is emitted to suppress side lobes. That is, one peak near 0 deg. Is the main lobe, and a signal having a lower intensity than the main lobe in the region other than the main lobe, for example, -20 dB or less is a side lobe. In addition, the difference signal has two peaks with the main lobe sandwiched therebetween, lower than the main lobe, and somewhat higher in intensity than the secondary lobe in the two peaks. However, as shown in FIG. 25, in the conventional interrogator antenna, the side lobe of the sum signal is in a region higher than that of the difference signal, that is, a signal strength inversion occurs. If the signal strength reversal occurs, the allied forces in the reversal section (side lobe) of the armored vehicle carrying out the dense operation perform a response to the question signal, causing confusion in the result of the identification of the peer. That is, unintentional peer discrimination occurs in a certain direction, not in the direction of the barrel, resulting in a problem that the target peer is not correctly identified.

However, as shown in FIG. 26, in the interrogator antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the sum signal is radiated to the main lobe and side lobe, and the difference signal is radiated to completely suppress the side lobe. At this time, the difference signal is radiated at an intensity lower by 10 dB than the main signal of the sum signal, and is radiated by 5 to 25 dB higher than the sum signal. That is, when the difference signal is higher than the main lobe of the sum signal, the question signal may not be transmitted to the target, and as the main lobe of the sum signal is greater than the difference signal, the target can receive the question signal well. In addition, the side lobes can be completely suppressed as the difference signal becomes smaller. Therefore, in the antenna substrate according to the present invention, the difference signal is radiated at an intensity lower by 10 dB than the main signal of the sum signal, and is radiated by 5 to 25 dB higher than that of the sum signal. Further, the main lobe of the sum signal is radiated at least 20 dB, for example, 20 dB to 50 dB more than the secondary lobe. That is, the more the main lobe is perceived than the side lobes, the weaker side lobes are emitted, so that the suppression of side lobes can be facilitated by the difference signal. As shown in FIG. 26, the antenna substrate according to the present invention does not cause the signal strength inversion of the side lobe and the difference signal. For example, in the case of an armored car carrying a dense operation, there is no confusion in the result of the identification of the peer because the ally in the reverse section (side leaf) does not respond to the question signal. That is, since the peer identification does not occur in a specific direction other than the direction of the barrel, the identification of the peer on the target is performed properly.

On the other hand, in the antenna substrate of the present invention, the sum signal gain in the target band is from 22.96 to 23.11 dB, and the half power beam width is from 2.76 to 2.78. In addition, the level of the side lobe level was 26.46 dB to 28.81 dB. In the case of the difference signal, the minimum radiation is obtained at 0 ° and the bore sight of the sum signal and the difference signal is close to 0 °. The difference between the null depth, the maximum Σ of the sum signal and the minimum Δ of the difference signal was 35.51 dB to 41.96 dB depending on the frequency. In the case of the front back ratio, since the power feeding system is a waveguide and the back plate of the 2.7 mm thick aluminum plate is provided on the back surface of the PCB, there is almost no backward radiation.

27 is a S-parameter result of the antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Port 1 is the sum signal antenna part and port 2 is the difference signal antenna part. The S-parameter of the sum signal within the target band is -21.78 dB maximum and the S-parameter of the difference signal is -23.42 dB maximum. Also, the maximum isolation between two ports was -44.72 dB.

28 is a sum signal vertical RHCP gain pattern of an antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention. The half power beam width in the target band was 8.22 ° to 8.25 °. - At the angle and + angle, the minimum bubble levels were 18.01 dB and 17.11 dB, respectively.

29 shows the axial ratio at the horizontal and vertical angles of the sum signal of the antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention. In both the horizontal and vertical directions, the axial ratio of less than 3 dB was found to be more than the target beam width, and the circular polarization characteristic suitable for the design goal was confirmed.

30 shows the level difference (? -?) Between the sum signal and the difference signal in the horizontal plane. And -7 dB or less at angles of -9 to -9, -90 to-120, and 90 to 120 at an angle of -90 to +90 degrees over the target band.

Table 1 shows the overall characteristics of the antenna substrate according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Item characteristic Operating frequency (GHz) 36.0-37.0 partiality RHCP Antenna gain (dBic) 22.96-23.11 Standing wave ratio (sum channel) -21.78 or less Standing wave ratio (car channel) -23.42 or less Horizontal half power beam width 2.76 ° to 2.78 ° Vertical half power beam width 8.22 DEG to 8.25 DEG Front-to-back ratio (dB) -25 or less Impedance (Ω) 50 Null depth (dB) 35.51 to 41.96 boresight accuracy 0 ° Horizontal bobb level level
(Whole angle) 26.46-28.81 Vertical level of side leaf level ≤-18.05 (ground direction)
≥-17.11 (upper direction) Isolation between ports -44.72 The sum signal level difference Car channel> sum channel
(Excluding main beam)
-90 ° to + 90 °: Not more than 9dB
-90 ° to -120 °, 90 ° to 120 °: Not more than 7dB
Area other than -120 ° to + 120 °: TBC Port type waveguide type

The interrogator antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention was manufactured by mounting a support plate of 2.8 mm thickness, an antenna substrate of 0.6 mm thickness, a partition wall of 3 mm thickness, a radome of 2.9 mm thickness, and a pressure plate of 3 mm thickness in a housing. In addition, a cap was attached to the feeding portions of the sum signal antenna portion and the difference signal antenna portion of the antenna substrate. A plurality of interrogator antennas were fabricated by combining parts having such thickness. [Table 2] shows a result of measurement of thicknesses in a plurality of regions of ten interrogator antennas. As shown in Fig. 31, after a support plate having a thickness of 2.8 mm and an antenna substrate having a thickness of 0.6 mm are combined, And the vertical direction, the total thickness of 9 areas. That is, the results are obtained by measuring the thicknesses of eight edge regions and one central region. As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the interferometer antenna can be fabricated with a substantially uniform thickness with a deviation of ± 4 mm from the standard of 3.4 mm.

Measurement area thickness (mm) One 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 #One 3.40 3.40 3.39 3.40 3.40 3.40 3.37 3.41 3.36 #2 3.39 3.38 3.38 3.38 3.38 3.38 3.35 3.39 3.35 # 3 3.40 3.40 3.39 3.40 3.41 3.40 3.37 3.42 3.38 #4 3.40 3.41 3.41 3.40 3.41 3.41 3.37 3.41 3.38 # 5 3.41 3.39 3.39 3.40 3.39 3.39 3.36 3.40 3.35 # 6 3.39 3.38 3.38 3.38 3.38 3.37 3.34 3.38 3.34 # 7 3.42 3.39 3.39 3.39 3.40 3.39 3.36 3.40 3.36 #8 3.39 3.39 3.39 3.39 3.39 3.39 3.36 3.39 3.36 # 9 3.37 3.37 3.36 3.37 3.37 3.37 3.35 3.38 3.38 # 10 3.39 3.39 3.40 3.40 3.40 3.40 3.35 3.40 3.35

Table 3 shows the result of measuring the weight of each component constituting the interrogator antenna. That is, the weights of the antennas, the radome, the pressure plate, the partition, and the two caps were measured.

Weight (g) antenna Radome Presser plate septum Cap 1 Cap 2 #One 247.83 133.60 227.82 27.17 0.45 0.46 #2 247.45 131.87 221.39 27.14 0.46 0.47 # 3 248.87 131.77 225.50 27.08 0.47 0.48 #4 248.48 132.25 225.98 27.17 0.47 0.46 # 5 247.07 131.61 226.13 27.22 0.47 0.46 # 6 247.02 131.85 227.93 27.24 0.46 0.47 # 7 248.08 131.63 225.01 27.11 0.46 0.47 #8 247.25 131.45 226.76 25.09 0.47 0.48 # 9 245.92 133.53 255.48 27.21 0.48 0.46 # 10 247.85 132.06 228.27 27.20 0.47 0.47

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

100: support plate 200: antenna substrate
300: cap 400:
500: Radome 600: Extension plate
700: housing 800: fastening member

Claims (9)

An antenna substrate including a sum signal antenna portion for emitting a sum signal including a main lobe and a side lobe, and a difference signal antenna portion for emitting a difference signal;
A support plate contacting the lower surface of the antenna substrate to support the antenna substrate;
At least one cap provided in a partial area on the antenna substrate;
A radome provided on the antenna substrate;
A pressure plate provided on a part of the radome;
A first power supply opening formed in the sum signal antenna portion and the difference signal antenna portion of the antenna substrate, respectively; And
And a second power supply opening formed in a region of the support plate corresponding to the first power supply opening of the antenna substrate,
Wherein the cap is provided on the first power supply opening,
And a waveguide is inserted into the first and second power supply openings to connect the waveguide to the cap.
The interrogator antenna of claim 1, further comprising a partition provided between the antenna substrate and the radome.
The interrogator antenna of claim 1 or 2, wherein the difference signal antenna unit radiates a difference signal at an intensity lower than the main lobe of the sum signal and higher than the side lobe.
The interrogator antenna of claim 3, wherein the difference signal is at least 10 dB lower than the main lobe of the sum signal and at least 5 dB higher than the sidelobe of the sum signal.
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