KR101824108B1 - Exhaust gas pollutant reduction and winterization integrated system for arctic vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

An integrated system for pollutant abatement and anti-cold treatment for polar ships is disclosed. An integrated system for exhaust pollutant reduction and anti-cold treatment for polar ships according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an exhaust gas injection pipe through which a high temperature exhaust gas discharged from a main engine passes; An economizer connected to the exhaust gas injection pipe to recover waste heat of the exhaust gas; An exhaust pollutant reduction device connected to a rear end of the economizer to absorb and remove nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas; An exhaust gas discharge pipe for discharging the exhaust gas passed through the exhaust pollutant abatement device; And a supply pipe connected between the evaporator and the economizer, for supplying the waste heat recovered from the economizer to the evaporator.

Description

(Exhaust gas pollutant reduction and winterization integrated system for arctic vessel)

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an integrated system for reducing pollutants and treating air pollution in polar ships.

Generally, a guard rail, a handrail, a wall, a door, etc. installed in an offshore structure such as a marine platform installed in the North Sea (or around the UK) , Stairway, etc., winterization is required due to the characteristics of the area of operation.

In this case, the cold treatment can be broadly classified into a mechanical method of breaking ice with a oar or a bat, a thermal method of dissolving ice of the main equipment using waste heat, a coating method, and a chemical use method. Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2013-0055086 discloses a method of generating electrical heat by using an apparatus such as an electric heater. Here, in the case of the electric heating method, a separate electric heater is required, and electricity is used, which is expensive.

Generally, various engines installed on a ship generate power by burning fossil fuels. At this time, the exhaust gas generated in the combustion process of the fuel includes harmful substances such as sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), fine dusts (PM), etc. Therefore, It can cause air pollution. For these reasons, environmental regulations for air pollution of vessels are being strengthened, and various processing devices are being applied to ships in order to satisfy various regulations.

In the case of ships operating in polar regions using HFO (about 3.5% of sulfur) fuel, Polar code, which is the safety code for polar ship operating safety, has been prepared and is under discussion .

Therefore, it is necessary that the pollutant removal of pollutants from polar ships is adopted as an essential function in the future.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-0055086 (published on May 31, 2013) - Method for preheating hot water of boiler using electric heater for freeze prevention

The present invention is to provide an integrated system for reducing exhaust pollutants and treating air pollution in polar-operated vessels, which simultaneously performs an antifreeze treatment and an exhaust gas pollutant (nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide, fine dust, etc.)

The present invention is to provide a system for reducing exhaust pollutants and an integrated treatment system for pollutants for polar ships, which can save the use of thermal energy through a low temperature operation exhaust gas treatment device and move the economizer near the main engine, thereby reducing energy loss.

Other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following description.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising: an exhaust gas injection pipe through which a high temperature exhaust gas discharged from a main engine passes; An economizer connected to the exhaust gas injection pipe to recover waste heat of the exhaust gas; An exhaust pollutant reduction device connected to a rear end of the economizer to absorb and remove nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas; An exhaust gas discharge pipe for discharging the exhaust gas passed through the exhaust pollutant abatement device; And a supply pipe connected between the evaporator and the economizer for supplying the waste heat recovered from the economizer to the cold storage device.

The economizer is located at the rear end of the main engine, so that the relative heat loss can be minimized.

And a water separator for separating moisture contained in the waste heat recovered from the economizer, wherein the waste water can be passed through the water separator before the waste heat is transferred through the supply pipe.

The exhaust pollutant abatement apparatus comprises an oxidation apparatus for generating an oxidant for converting nitrogen monoxide into nitrogen dioxide; And a scrubber for spraying seawater or fresh water with cleansing water to absorb and remove nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas.

The oxidizing device can generate the oxidizing agent in an electrolytic manner.

The oxidizing device can generate ozone by the plasma with the oxidizing agent.

The oxidizing agent produced in the oxidizing apparatus may be atomized in a liquid state using a nozzle, an ultrasonic vibrator, a spray, or a heating plate, or may be brought into contact with the exhaust gas by being dropletized or vaporized.

A neutralizing agent for neutralizing nitric acid and sulfuric acid produced by the scrubber may be added to neutralize the washing water.

The scrubber can receive the waste heat recovered from the economizer to prevent freezing of the washing water.

Other aspects, features, and advantages will become apparent from the following drawings, claims, and detailed description of the invention.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, there is an effect of performing the antifreeze treatment and the removal of exhaust gas pollutants (nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, fine dusts, etc.) simultaneously on the polar ship.

Further, the use of thermal energy is saved through the low-temperature operation exhaust gas treatment device, and the economizer can be moved and disposed near the main engine, thereby reducing energy loss.

1 shows a conventional exhaust pollutant abatement system,
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an exhaust pollutant reduction and anti-cold treatment integrated system for polar-operated marine vessels according to an embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a schematic view of an exhaust pollutant abatement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the purifying unit of Fig. 3,
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the fuel cell module of FIG. 3,
6 shows an open loop system in which seawater supplied to a sea water supply pipe is directly discharged to the outside after passing through a scrubber,
7 shows a closed loop system in which seawater supplied to a sea water supply pipe is recirculated through a circulation pipe after passing through a scrubber,
8 is a schematic view of an exhaust pollutant reduction apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pretreatment unit of Fig. 8,
10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pretreatment unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pretreatment unit according to another embodiment of the present invention,
12 shows an open-loop system in which seawater supplied to a sea water supply pipe is directly discharged to the outside after passing through a scrubber,
13 shows a closed loop system in which sea water supplied to a sea water supply pipe is recirculated through a circulation pipe after passing through a scrubber.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, . On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like refer to the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

Also, the terms " part, "" module," " unit, "and the like, which are described in the specification, mean a unit for processing at least one function or operation and may be implemented by hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software .

It is to be understood that the components of the embodiments described with reference to the drawings are not limited to the embodiments and may be embodied in other embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is to be understood that although the description is omitted, multiple embodiments may be implemented again in one integrated embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail.

SCR and EGR, which reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx), have been developed as a conventional method for removing exhaust gas pollutants. SCR reduces NOx by decomposing NOx into N2 by using catalyst and ammonia. EGR reduces NOx production by lowering the oxygen concentration required for combustion by recirculating part of the exhaust gas to the combustion engine. A scrubber has been developed as a method for reducing sulfur oxides (SOx). The scrubber absorbs and removes sulfur oxides by spraying water into the exhaust gas. However, in fact, ships currently operating in the polar regions are not equipped with exhaust gas abatement devices, and are equipped with only a cooling device.

1 is a view showing a conventional exhaust pollutant reduction system.

Referring to FIG. 1, SCR (2) or EGR is used to reduce exhaust pollutants. In the case of SCR (2) or EGR, a high temperature of 300 ° C need. Therefore, the economizer 3 can not be disposed at the rear end of the main engine 1, and the SCR 2, which is an exhaust pollutant reduction device, can not be disposed.

The present invention overcomes these limitations and improves the heat recovery efficiency by disposing the economizer near the main engine, thereby making it possible to efficiently perform the cold treatment in the polar ship.

2 is a schematic block diagram of an integrated system for reducing exhaust pollutants and processing for antifreeze for polar ships according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The system for integrating the exhaust pollutant reduction and anti-cold treatment for polar ships according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided on an polar ship and is characterized by simultaneously performing a cold treatment and removal of exhaust pollutants (nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, fine dusts, etc.) do.

The system 100 for integrating the exhaust pollutant abatement and anti-cold treatment for the polar ship according to the present embodiment includes an economizer 20 disposed close to the rear end of the main engine 10 and an exhaust gas purifier 20 disposed at the rear end of the economizer 20, And includes the material abatement device 30 as a basic skeleton.

The main engine 10 is a type of combustion engine, and is a device for generating various kinds of power required for a ship by burning fuel.

The economizer 20 is installed at the rear end of the main engine 10 to recover waste heat of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas discharged after combustion of the main engine 10 has a temperature of 250 to 300 degrees Celsius. In order to reuse the thermal energy, a heat exchanger is installed in a passage (exhaust gas injection pipe) through which the exhaust gas of the main engine 10 is discharged, and is used as a heat source for producing steam.

The steam generated in the economizer 20 is transferred to the facility 50 requiring steam and the heat energy recovered from the economizer 20 is supplied to the facility 60 that needs to be cooled through the supply pipe and the scrubber 34, It can be used for prevention. Here, a water separator (not shown) for separating the water contained in the process of transferring the thermal energy is provided, so that the dried thermal energy can be supplied to the cold storage facility 60 requiring heat .

In this embodiment, the economizer 20 is installed close to the main engine 10 to reduce the energy loss. This is because the exhaust pollutant abatement device 30, which will be described later, can operate even at a low temperature so that the exhaust pollutant abatement device 30 Can be disposed at the rear end of the economizer 20.

The exhaust pollutant abatement device 30 includes an oxidation device 32 and a scrubber 34. The exhaust gas discharged from the economizer 20 passes through them to generate exhaust pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, Is removed.

A method of generating an oxidizing agent by electrolysis or a method of generating ozone which is an oxidizing agent by plasma may be applied to the oxidizing device 32. In this case, since the temperature of the exhaust gas does not need to be high, the low temperature operation becomes possible. Such an exhaust pollutant abatement device 30 will be described later in detail with reference to related drawings.

Seawater or fresh water is used for the operation of the scrubber 34. When ballast water of a ballast tank (not shown) is used as a scrubber treatment solution, it may have an effect of preventing freezing in the polar region.

Also, the scrubber 34 may be used to prevent freezing of spent seawater or fresh water by receiving the waste heat recovered from the economizer 20.

Finally, the exhaust gas satisfying the emission gas regulation is discharged to the atmosphere via the stack 40 via the exhaust gas discharge pipe.

The position of the economizer 20 is moved close to the main engine 10 by using the oxidizing device 32 and the scrubber 34 capable of operating at low temperatures in place of the SCR or EGR requiring high temperature and the scrubber 34 ) Can be applied to the cold weather system. Here, the scrubber 34 may operate as a closed-loop system.

By using the exhaust pollutant abatement device 30 capable of operating at a low temperature, the use of heat energy is saved, thereby moving the economizer 20 close to the main engine 10, thereby reducing energy loss and improving heat recovery efficiency .

Further, the exhaust gas pollutant removal can be performed at one time by the exhaust pollutant abatement device 30, and space saving effect can also be obtained. Further, the scrubber 34 operates as a closed circuit system, so that dumping of marine pollutants to the outside of the ship can be prevented, and ammonia necessary for SCR is not needed.

The first embodiment of the exhaust pollutant abatement device 30 will be described.

The exhaust pollutant reduction apparatus according to the first embodiment reduces the concentration of various pollutants (nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, dusts, etc.) contained in the exhaust gas to discharge air suited to the exhaust standards and reduce the concentration of the exhaust gas And the treatment of the washing water used for the washing can be performed simultaneously.

The exhaust pollutant abatement apparatus oxidizes nitrogen monoxide (NO) contained in the exhaust gas with an oxidizing agent generated in a purification unit for electrolyzing seawater and at the same time neutralizes the cleansing water acidified with the neutralizing agent produced in the same purification unit, Not only the installation and maintenance cost of the system is reduced, but also the space utilization in the ship can be increased.

Hereinafter, the exhaust pollutant reduction apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to Figs. 3 to 5. Fig.

3 is an enlarged view of the purification unit of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the enlargement of the fuel cell module of FIG. 3 Fig.

The exhaust pollutant abatement apparatus 11 according to the present invention includes an exhaust gas pipe 110, a seawater supply pipe 120, a cleaning water supply pipe 130, a scrubber 140, a purification unit 150, A module 190, and a rinse water discharge pipe 141.

The exhaust gas pipe 110 is connected to the scrubber 140 as a pipe through which the exhaust gas passing through the economizer 20 is moved. The exhaust gas pipe 110 is directly connected to the exhaust pipe of the economizer 20 and can be used as a passage through which waste gas remaining after the heat exchange in the economizer 20 is recycled and the remaining waste gas moves.

The seawater supply pipe 120 is a pipe through which seawater is introduced from the outside, and at least one pump P1 for pressurizing the seawater is installed to smoothly supply the seawater to the scrubber 140. However, the seawater supply pipe 120 is not limited to supplying the seawater to the scrubber 140, and may also supply seawater to the ballast tank if necessary.

The first control valve 125 is connected to the connecting portion between the seawater supply pipe 120 and the cleaning water supply pipe 130. The first control valve 125 is connected to the first water supply pipe 120, Can be installed. The first control valve 125 is formed in the form of a three-way valve so as to control the amount of seawater supplied through the cleansing water supply pipe 130 or the sea water and the seawater supply pipe 120 branched by the cleansing water supply pipe 130 It is possible to control the ratio of the seawater flowing through. The sea water supply pipe 120 is connected to the mixing pipe 122 and the sea water discharge pipe 123 at the rear end of the washing water supply pipe 130. In the mixing pipe 122, the electrolysis-completed seawater flows from the purification unit 150 to be described later, and the seawater discharge pipe 123 can discharge the seawater to the outside.

The cleaning water supply pipe 130 is connected to the seawater supply pipe 120 or the fresh water supply pipe 126 at one end thereof to supply the scrubber 140 with at least one of seawater or fresh water or mixed water of seawater and fresh water And the other end may be connected to the scrubber 140. That is, the washing water supply pipe 130 can selectively receive seawater and fresh water. Hereinafter, the process of mainly supplying the seawater to the scrubber 140 through the washing water supply pipe 130 is described more specifically.

The seawater flowing from the outside through the sea water supply pipe 120 flows through the washing water supply pipe 130 and is supplied to the scrubber 140. The scrubber 140 is a device for gas-liquid contacting the exhaust gas and the washing water by spraying the washing water supplied through the washing water supply pipe 130 to the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 110. The scrubber 140 is a conventional scrubber ). At this time, the cleaning water supply pipe 130 is disposed at the upper portion of the scrubber 140 at the end portion located inside the scrubber 140, and is branched into a plurality of sprays so as to spray the cleaning water in a particulate form. That is, the cleaning water supply pipe 130 disposed at the upper portion of the scrubber 140 sprays the washing water toward the lower portion of the scrubber 140 where the exhaust gas pipe 110 is located, thereby effectively contacting the exhaust gas and the washing water . As the exhaust gas and washing water come into contact with the inside of the scrubber 140, contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dusts contained in the exhaust gas can be removed, and contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, The exhaust gas can be discharged to the outside through a separate discharge pipe 142. [ Since the exhaust gas discharged through the discharge pipe 142 is in a state in which contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dusts are removed, it can be discharged to the atmosphere through the stack 40 in accordance with the exhaust standards.

Cleaning water containing nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, dust, and the like comes into contact with the exhaust gas containing contaminants in the scrubber 140 and is discharged to the outside of the scrubber 140 through the washing water discharge pipe 141.

On the other hand, the purifying unit 150 generates a neutralizing agent for neutralizing the hydrogen, the oxidizing agent for oxidizing the nitrogen-calculating cargo, or the acidified cleaning water by electrolyzing the seawater. The purifying unit 150 is connected to the exhaust gas pipe 110, (Not shown). In other words, the purifying unit 150 can supply the oxidizing agent or neutralizing agent to the exhaust gas pipe 110 or the sea water supply pipe 120 or the scrubber 140.

In addition, the purification unit 150 may electrolyze the seawater to produce a bactericide. The sterilizing agent thus generated is supplied to the scrubber 140 and the seawater supply pipe 120 through the second injection pipe 157 and the third injection pipe 158 to sterilize the microorganisms in the seawater. Thereafter, the sterilized seawater is checked for the amount of excess oxidant in the sensor unit 124 before being discharged to the ocean through the sea water discharge pipe 123. At this time, when excess oxidizing agent is contained in seawater, sodium thiosulfate is added to lower the amount of oxidizing agent and released into the ocean.

The purifying unit 150 includes an electrolytic bath 151, a positive electrode plate 152a and a negative electrode plate 152b, and a rectifier 153.

Referring to FIG. 4, the electrolytic bath 151 receives the sea water supplied through the sea water supply pipe 120 into a cylinder or chamber having a receiving space therein. The electrolysis tank 151 is connected to a sea water inflow pipe 121 branched from the sea water supply pipe 120 at one side and receives the sea water. At least one pump P2 is installed on the sea water inflow pipe 121, Can be smoothly supplied to the electrolytic bath 151. In the electrolytic bath 151, a positive electrode plate 152a and a negative electrode plate 152b are provided.

The positive electrode plate 152a and the negative electrode plate 152b are disposed in the electrolytic bath 151 in the flow direction of the seawater and are spaced apart from each other at regular intervals. A diaphragm 154 formed of a hydrophilic porous film is provided between the positive electrode plate 152a and the negative electrode plate 152b. The electrolytic bath 151 has a first region 151a in which the positive electrode plate 152a is located, And the second region 151b where the negative electrode plate 152b is located. However, the diaphragm 154 is not limited to being formed of a hydrophilic porous membrane, and may be deformed into a membrane having various structures, or the diaphragm 154 may be omitted, if necessary. The positive electrode plate 152a and the negative electrode plate 152b are electrically connected to the rectifier 153 through a cable, respectively.

The rectifier 153 supplies the rectified current to the positive electrode plate 152a and the negative electrode plate 152b, respectively. For example, the rectifier 153 may be installed inside the electrolytic bath 151. The rectifier 153 may be installed inside the electrolytic bath 151, for example.

In the electrolytic bath 151, sodium chloride (NaCl) contained in the seawater is electrolyzed by the current supplied from the rectifier 153, so that an oxidation reaction occurs in the positive electrode plate 152a, and chlorine gas (Cl ₂ And hydrogen gas (H ₂ ) and hydroxyl group (OH ^- ) are generated in the negative electrode plate 152b. At this time, a chemical reaction between chlorine gas (Cl ₂ ) and hydroxyl group (OH ^- ) generates sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) having high oxidizing power. The concentration measuring sensor 155 measures the concentration of the oxidizing agent or the sterilizing agent or the neutralizing agent generated in the electrolytic bath 151 so that the rectifier 153 can supply the concentration value measured by the concentration measuring sensor 155 The current intensity can be adjusted.

Specifically, the following reaction occurs in the positive electrode plate 152a.

In the negative electrode plate 152b, the following reaction occurs.

In conclusion,

That is, the oxidizing agent may be sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) produced by electrolyzing seawater, and the purifying unit 150 may oxidize the exhaust gas pipe 110 through the first injection pipe 156 It can be sprayed into fine particles in a liquid phase. Specifically, the purifying unit 150 can oxidize the nitrogen monoxide contained in the exhaust gas into nitrogen dioxide by injecting the oxidizing agent into the exhaust gas pipe 110 through the first injection pipe 156. Since the nitrogen dioxide is easily dissolved in water as compared with the nitrogen monoxide, it can easily be dissolved in the washing water in the scrubber 140 and can be easily removed. The first injection pipe 156 can atomize the liquid oxidizing agent into the exhaust gas pipe 110 and spray the liquid oxidizing agent to the exhaust gas through a separate spray unit 111 provided in the exhaust gas pipe 110. The atomizing unit 111 can be atomized, dropletized, or vaporized using a nozzle, an ultrasonic vibrator, a spray, a heating plate, or the like.

The purifying unit 150 may be a diluent of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) produced by electrolysis of seawater and the purifying unit 150 may be a diluent of the scrubber 140 A neutralizing agent can be injected. Specifically, the neutralizing agent can neutralize the cleansing water that has been acidified by reacting nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) with the washing water. When the nitrogen oxide (NOx) and sulfur oxides (Sox) react with seawater, nitric acid (HNO ₃ ) and sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) are produced, respectively. Thus, the purification unit 150 removes sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 140 to neutralize the acidified cleaning water. In the scrubber 140, the following reaction occurs.

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) reacts with nitric acid (HNO ₃ ) and sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) to generate additional hypochlorous acid (HOCl), so that the microorganisms contained in the washing water can be sterilized. At this time, since hypochlorous acid (HOCl) has a weak acidic component, a separate neutralizing agent such as sodium thiosulfate (Na ₂ S ₂ O 3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) may be added.

The purifying unit 150 injects sterilizing agent into the seawater supplying pipe 120 through the third inlet pipe 158 to sterilize microorganisms in the seawater discharged to the sea through the mixing pipe 122 and the seawater discharging pipe 123 have. Meanwhile, the purifying unit 150 may inject the neutralizing agent (NaOH) directly into the scrubber 140 through the second injection pipe 157. When the neutralizing agent supplied from the purifying unit 150 sufficiently neutralizes the washing water Otherwise, a second neutralization step may be added by adding a separate neutralizing agent injection unit (not shown).

Since the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of seawater is very low in solubility in water (hydrogen solubility: 0.0016 g / kg), it is easily separated from water through a separate gas-liquid separator (not shown) , And the fuel cell module 190 can generate electricity by receiving the hydrogen supplied from the oxygen and purifying unit 150. [ For example, the fuel cell module 190 may be formed of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell suitable for a low-capacity output operation at a low temperature of 50 ° C to 200 ° C. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell is a fuel cell that uses a polymer membrane having hydrogen ion exchange characteristics as an electrolyte. The fuel cell has high power generation efficiency, high output density, and fast response to load changes. However, the fuel cell module 190 is not limited to being formed of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and may be modified into various fuel cells operating at a low temperature. For example, the fuel cell module 190 may be formed of a phosphoric acid type fuel cell.

The fuel cell module 190 receives air containing oxygen and hydrogen to generate electricity. Here, air is not limited to general air, which is generally obtained in a natural state, and is composed of about 80% nitrogen and about 20% oxygen. The concentration of oxygen may be higher or lower than that of general air, Some of the materials may be included. That is, the air can be collectively referred to as a gas containing oxygen required in the fuel cell module 190.

The electrolytic tank 199 may be provided on the seawater inlet pipe 121 branched from the sea water supply pipe 120 or the sea water supply pipe 120 to supply the electrolytic solution to the seawater. Here, the electrolyte may be sodium chloride (NaCl). Vessels operate worldwide, and depending on the sea area, the concentration of salt contained in seawater may be different. Particularly, when the concentration of the salt contained in the seawater is too low, the electrolysis in the neutralization unit 150 is not smoothly performed, so that an oxidizing agent or a neutralizing agent having an appropriate concentration is not generated, It may happen that it can not be done. The electrolytic tank 199 for supplying the electrolytic solution on the sea water supply pipe 120 or the sea water inflow pipe 121 is provided so that electrolysis is smoothly performed in the neutralization unit 150 even when seawater containing sodium chloride is introduced Whereby an oxidizing agent or a neutralizing agent can be easily produced.

The washing water discharge pipe 141 is a pipe for discharging washing water in the scrubber 140 and can be connected to the sea water supply pipe 120 through the filter unit 160. That is, the washing water discharge pipe 141 can separate the solid particles contained in the washing water through the filter unit 160, and then discharge it to the outside. The washing water discharge pipe 141 is not necessarily connected to the sea water supply pipe 120, and may be connected to the outside of the ship independently.

A circulation pipe 181 may be connected to the washing water discharge pipe 141. The circulation pipe 181 is a pipe through which the washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 141 is recirculated to the washing water supply pipe 130. When it is not necessary to discharge the washing water to the outside, Can be circulated and reused.

A recirculation tank 180 may be provided between the washing water discharge pipe 141 and the circulation pipe 181. The recycle tank 180 may store a part of the washing water discharged through the scrubber 140 and may serve as a buffer tank so that a certain amount of washing water can be circulated through the circulation pipe 181 have.

The recirculation tank 180 may include any one of a centrifugal separator, a gravity separator, and a filter to separate the solid particles included in the washing water and recycle the washing water through the circulation tube 181.

The cleaning water supply pipe 130 is connected to the seawater supply pipe 120, the fresh water supply pipe 126 and the circulation pipe 181 so that the concentration of the exhaust gas, the treatment capacity of the scrubber 140, The seawater, the fresh water, and the circulating water may be suitably mixed and supplied to the scrubber 140.

The filter unit 160 is disposed at the rear end of the scrubber 140 and separates the solid particles contained in the washing water discharged from the scrubber 140. The filter unit 160 includes a centrifugal separator, The solid phase particles may be separated and discharged to the sludge tank 170 by using at least one of them. The filter unit 160 may be connected to the sea water supply pipe 120 between the pump P1 and the first control valve 125. [ That is, the seawater supplied from the seawater supply pipe 120 is supplied to the scrubber 140 through the cleaning water supply pipe 130 after passing through the filter unit 160, and the washing water, which has passed through the scrubber 140, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 160 < / RTI > That is, both the seawater introduced from the outside and the washing water passing through the scrubber 140 can be filtered by the single filter unit 160. It is also possible to use one or two filter units 160 in which the contained particles in the washing water passing through the washing water discharge pipe 141 or the seawater passing through the sea water supply pipe 120 are used commonly or independently .

A neutralizing agent or a sterilizing agent may be injected into the washing water or seawater having passed through the filter unit 160 through the third injection pipe 158. A mixing pipe 122 may be provided between the filter unit 160 and the sea water discharge pipe 123 to discharge mixed water of seawater and washing water and a third injection pipe 158 may be connected to the sea water supply pipe 120 or the mixing pipe 122, respectively. The sensor unit 124 is provided on the sea water discharge pipe 123 to detect at least one of the total residual oxidant, the pH value, and the microbial concentration contained in the discharged washing water and seawater in real time. For example, the sensor unit 124 may be a TRO (Total Residual Oxidant) sensor, and the purifying unit 150 may adjust the supply amount of the oxidizing agent, the neutralizing agent, and the sterilizing agent according to the result of the sensor unit 124.

The washing water and the sea water discharged through the mixing pipe 122 are discharged to the outside through the sea water discharge pipe 123.

Hereinafter, with reference to Figs. 6 and 7, the operation of the exhaust pollutant abatement device 30 will be described in more detail.

6 shows an open loop system in which seawater supplied to a sea water supply pipe is directly discharged to the outside after passing through a scrubber. FIG. 7 is a view showing an open loop system in which seawater supplied to a sea water supply pipe passes through a scrubber, And a closed loop system in which the gas is recirculated through the gas supply pipe.

6, some of the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 120 is supplied to the scrubber 140 through the cleansing water supply pipe 130 and the remaining part of the seawater is supplied to the purification unit 140 through the seawater inlet pipe 121, (150). The washing water is sprayed on the upper portion of the scrubber 140, and the washing water can be filled in the lower portion of the scrubber 140 at a certain level. At this time, the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 110 may be injected from the lower portion of the scrubber 140.

The purifying unit 150 can oxidize nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide by injecting the oxidizing agent generated by electrolyzing the seawater before the exhaust gas is supplied to the scrubber 140.

The purifying unit 150 may inject the neutralizing agent into the seawater supply pipe 120 or the scrubber 140 together with the pH value of the washing water.

On the other hand, the exhaust gas can be injected in the washing water filled in the lower part of the scrubber 140, whereby contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and dust can be primarily removed. In addition, contaminants may be removed from the scrubber 140 by the washing water sprayed on the scrubber 140. Through this process, the pollutants in the exhaust gas are removed, and the exhaust gas from which the pollutants are removed is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 142.

The washing water that has passed through the scrubber 140 contains contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dusts and moves to the filter unit 160 through the washing water discharge pipe 141. The filter unit 160 separates contaminants such as solid particles in the washing water and stores them in the sludge tank 170. The cleansing water from which contaminants are separated is discharged to the outside through the sea water discharge pipe 123. At this time, when the total residual oxidizing agent amount and the pH value of the washing water passing through the sea water discharge pipe 123 measured by the sensor unit 124 are out of the reference value, sodium thiosulfate is injected into the mixing pipe 122 (not shown) The neutralizing agent produced in the purifying unit 150 is injected into the scrubber 140 through the injection pipe 157 to adjust the total amount of residual oxidizing agent and the pH value within the standard value and then discharged to the outside.

Hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of seawater in the purifying unit 150 is supplied to the fuel cell module 190 and electricity generated in the fuel cell module 190 is supplied to the purifying unit 150 or the pumps P1 and P2 May be used as a power source or may be stored in the battery module 195.

Meanwhile, when seawater containing sodium chloride is introduced through the seawater supply pipe 120, the electrolyte tank 199 can supply the electrolyte to seawater flowing through the seawater inlet pipe 121.

7, some of the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 120 is supplied to the scrubber 140, and a part of the seawater is supplied to the purification unit 150. [ The washing water that has passed through the scrubber 140 and discharged to the washing water discharge pipe 141 is temporarily stored in the recirculation tank 180 and then circulated to the washing water supply pipe 130 through the circulation pipe 181. That is, the process of FIG. 7 is substantially the same as the process of FIG. 6 except that the washing water is recirculated through the circulation pipe 181.

The seawater flowing through the sea water supply pipe 120 sequentially circulates through the washing water supply pipe 130, the scrubber 140, the washing water discharge pipe 141, the recirculation tank 180 and the circulation pipe 181, , pH value, etc., the process of FIG. 6 and the process of FIG. 7 can be performed in parallel. The process of FIG. 7 can be used when the seawater can not be discharged to the outside, such as when passing through an area where the discharge of seawater is restricted (for example, during polar operation). If the washing water is highly contaminated by recirculating the washing water again, it is possible to remove the solid particles through the filter unit 160 and discharge the washing water to the outside, and then supply the fresh seawater to the scrubber 140 again.

Hereinafter, the exhaust pollutant reduction apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to Figs. 8 to 13. Fig.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an exhaust pollutant reduction apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pretreatment unit of FIG.

The exhaust pollutant reduction apparatus according to the present invention includes an exhaust gas pipe 210, a cleaning water supply pipe 230, a scrubber 240, an oxidation unit 250, a pre-treatment unit 260, and a cleaning water discharge pipe 241 ).

The exhaust gas pipe 210 is connected to the scrubber 240 as a pipe through which the exhaust gas passing through the economizer 20 moves. The exhaust gas pipe 210 is directly connected to the exhaust pipe of the economizer 20 so that most of the exhaust heat can be recycled by heat exchange in the economizer 20 and the remaining waste gas can be moved.

The cleaning water supply pipe 230 is connected to the seawater supply pipe 220 or the fresh water supply pipe 226 at one end thereof for supplying the scrubber 240 with at least one of seawater or fresh water or mixed water of seawater and fresh water And the other end may be connected to the scrubber 240. That is, the washing water supply pipe 230 can selectively receive seawater and fresh water. Hereinafter, a description will be given of the process of mainly supplying the seawater into the scrubber 240 through the cleansing water supply pipe 230 while limiting the cleansing water to seawater.

The seawater supply pipe 220 is a pipe through which seawater is supplied from the outside and is supplied with at least one pump P1 that pressurizes the seawater to smoothly supply the seawater to the scrubber 240. However, the present invention is not limited to the case where the sea water supply pipe 220 supplies seawater to the scrubber 240, and it is also possible to supply seawater to a ballast tank if necessary.

A cleaning water supply pipe 230 is branched to the scrubber 240 at one side of the sea water supply pipe 220 and a control valve 225 is installed at a connection portion between the sea water supply pipe 220 and the washing water supply pipe 230 have. The control valve 225 is formed in the form of a three-way valve so as to control the amount of seawater supplied through the cleansing water supply pipe 230 or flow through the seawater supplied through the cleansing water supply pipe 230, The ratio of the sea water to the sea water can be adjusted. In the sea water supply pipe 220, the mixing pipe 222 and the sea water discharge pipe 223 are sequentially connected to the rear end of the washing water supply pipe 230. In the mixing pipe 222, seawater into which the neutralizing agent of the neutralizing agent supply unit 300 to be described later flows, and the seawater discharge pipe 223 can discharge seawater to the outside.

The seawater flowing from the outside through the sea water supply pipe 220 flows through the washing water supply pipe 230 and is supplied to the scrubber 240. The scrubber 240 is a device for gas-liquid contact between the exhaust gas and the washing water by spraying the washing water supplied through the washing water supply pipe 230 to the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 210. The scrubber 240 is a conventional scrubber ). At this time, the cleansing water supply pipe 230 is disposed at the upper part of the scrubber 240 at the end located inside the scrubber 240, and is branched into a plurality of sprays to spray the cleansing water in the form of fine particles. That is, the cleansing water supply pipe 230 disposed at the upper portion of the scrubber 240 sprays the cleansing water toward the lower portion of the scrubber 240 where the exhaust gas pipe 210 is located, thereby effectively contacting the exhaust gas with the cleansing water . As the exhaust gas and washing water come into contact with the inside of the scrubber 240, contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dusts contained in the exhaust gas can be removed, and contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, The exhaust gas may be discharged to the outside through a separate discharge pipe (242). Since the exhaust gas discharged through the discharge pipe 242 is in a state in which contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dust have been removed, the exhaust gas can be discharged to the atmosphere in accordance with the exhaust standards.

Cleaning water containing nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, dust, and the like comes into contact with the exhaust gas containing contaminants in the scrubber 240 and is discharged to the outside of the scrubber 240 through the washing water discharge pipe 241. At this time, the washing water in the scrubber 240 dissolves nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides to form strong acidic sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) and nitric acid (HNO ₃ ), so that the microorganisms contained in the washing water can be killed .

Meanwhile, the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 210 passes through the pretreatment unit 260 to remove fine dust, passes through the oxidation unit 250 and is primarily purified, It can be cleaned by car.

The oxidation unit 250 may be connected to the exhaust gas pipe 210 as an apparatus for oxidizing the exhaust gas by applying pulse corona discharge or irradiating ultraviolet rays. Hereinafter, the structure in which the oxidation unit 250 performs the pulse corona discharge to oxidize the exhaust gas will be described more specifically.

When the corona discharge is caused by the pulse high voltage, the oxidation unit 250 becomes a plasma state, and generates ozone and oxidizing radicals such as O ₂ and OH to remove contaminants such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides. The oxidation unit 250 can oxidize the pollutants in the exhaust gas, i.e., sulfur oxides or nitrogen oxides, by reacting the exhaust gas according to the following reaction formula.

The pretreatment unit 260 is a device for removing fine dust contained in the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas may be connected to the tubing 210 and may be located at the front end of the oxidation unit 250. The pretreatment unit 260 reduces the fine dust concentration of the exhaust gas by spraying water molecules into the fine dust, reduces the fine dust concentration by using a separation membrane having a low transmittance of the fine dust, Separators can be used to reduce the fine dust concentration. Hereinafter, with reference to Fig. 9, a structure in which the pretreatment unit 260 injects water molecules into the fine dust to reduce the fine dust concentration of the exhaust gas will be described more specifically.

The seawater supply pipe 220 may be branched on one side and connected to the preprocessing unit 260, and may inject the seawater introduced from the outside to the preprocessing unit 260. At this time, since the nozzle unit 262 is coupled to the end of the seawater supply pipe 220, the seawater can be made into fine particles and sprayed. In addition, the fresh water supply pipe 226 may be branched on one side and connected to the pre-processing unit 260, and may spray fresh water to the pre-processing unit 260. At this time, since the nozzle unit 262 is coupled to the end of the fresh water supply pipe 226, fresh water can be atomized and injected. That is, the preprocessing unit 260 can selectively receive mixed water of seawater, fresh water, seawater and fresh water.

The fine dust in the exhaust gas absorbs and sinks water molecules so that the oxidizing unit 250 passes through the preprocessing unit 260. The pretreatment unit 260 is provided with an air- The concentration of the fine dust in the exhaust gas supplied to the exhaust gas can be reduced. By supplying exhaust gas with a reduced fine dust concentration to the oxidation unit 250, it is possible to prevent fine dust from being adsorbed on an electrode (not shown) that is located inside the oxidation unit 250 and induces a pulse corona discharge The oxidation efficiency of the exhaust gas can be improved. Further, when the oxidation unit 250 irradiates ultraviolet rays, it is possible to prevent the fine dust from blocking the irradiation path of ultraviolet rays, and the oxidation efficiency can be improved.

However, the present invention is not limited to the connection of the nozzle unit 262 to the ends of the sea water supply pipe 220 and the fresh water supply pipe 226, and may be modified into various structures capable of spraying seawater or fresh water into fine particles. For example, a water vapor generating unit (not shown) for generating water vapor may be coupled between the pretreatment unit 260 and the sea water supply pipe 220, or between the pretreatment unit 260 and the fresh water supply pipe 226. Here, the term " water vapor " does not mean only a complete gas state of water, but may include a state in which liquid water is atomized to form small particles. The water vapor generated through the water vapor generating unit can be injected into the pre-processing unit 260 at a high pressure through a pumping unit (not shown).

A collecting pipe 261 may be connected to one side of the pretreatment unit 260. The collecting pipe 261 is a pipe for supplying seawater or fresh water that has passed through the pretreatment unit 260 to the cleansing water supply pipe 230, and can be selectively opened as needed. The collection pipe 261 may supply seawater or fresh water that has passed through the pre-treatment unit 260 to the circulation pipe 291 described later. That is, the collecting pipe 261 may be branched and connected to the washing water supply pipe 230 or to the circulation pipe 291.

Meanwhile, the sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) and nitric acid (HNO ₃ ) generated in the scrubber 240 can be neutralized by the neutralizing agent supplied through the neutralizing agent supply unit 300. For example, the neutralizing agent may be an alkali solution, that is, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and may be obtained by electrolysis of seawater or the like. Accordingly, the neutralizing agent supplying unit 300 may include a neutralizing agent tank in which the neutralizing agent is stored, or may be an apparatus for directly producing the neutralizing agent including the electrolyzing apparatus. In the case where the neutralizing agent supply unit 300 includes the electrolytic apparatus and directly produces the neutralizing agent, the neutralizing agent supplying unit 300 may be connected to one side of the neutralizing agent supplying unit 300 through a seawater inlet pipe 221 branched from the sea water supplying pipe 220, . At least one pump P2 is installed on the seawater inlet pipe 221 to supply seawater to the neutralizer supply unit 300 smoothly.

The neutralizing agent supply unit 300 may supply the neutralizing agent to the scrubber 240, the sea water supply pipe 220, or the collection pipe 261. In other words, the neutralizing agent supply unit 300 supplies the neutralizing agent to the scrubber 240 through the first injection pipe 310, supplies the neutralizing agent to the seawater supply pipe 220 through the second injection pipe 320, The neutralizing agent can be supplied to the collecting pipe 261 through the injection pipe 3330.

When the neutralizing agent supplying unit 300 supplies the neutralizing agent to the scrubber 240, the washing water can be controlled to be in contact with the exhaust gas sequentially and subsequently. That is, in order to sterilize microorganisms inside the washing water, the exhaust gas and the washing water come into contact first, microorganisms are killed by sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and then the neutralizing agent is mixed with the washing water to neutralize the washing water to a proper pH. Through this process, a process of removing contaminants in the exhaust gas in the scrubber 240, destroying microorganisms in the washing water, and neutralizing the washing water can be performed at once.

As described above, seawater or fresh water passing through the pretreatment unit 260 flows into the collection pipe 261. The seawater or fresh water that has passed through the pretreatment unit 260 is acidic including fine dust and contaminants, so that the neutralizing agent supply unit 300 can appropriately adjust the pH by supplying a neutralizing agent.

The rinse water discharge pipe 241 is a pipe for discharging rinse water inside the scrubber 240 and can be connected to the sea water supply pipe 220 through the filter unit 270. That is, the washing water discharge pipe 241 can separate the solid particles contained in the washing water through the filter unit 270 and then discharge it to the outside. However, the washing water discharge pipe 241 does not necessarily have to be connected to the sea water supply pipe 220, and may be independently connected to the outside of the ship.

A circulation pipe 291 may be connected to the washing water discharge pipe 241. The circulation pipe 291 is a pipe through which the washing water discharged through the washing water discharge pipe 241 is recirculated to the washing water supply pipe 230. When it is not necessary to discharge the washing water to the outside, Can be circulated and reused. A recirculation tank 290 may be provided between the washing water discharge pipe 241 and the circulation pipe 291. The recycle tank 290 may store a part of the washing water discharged through the scrubber 240 and may serve as a buffer tank so that a certain amount of washing water can be circulated through the circulation pipe 291 have. The recirculation tank 290 may include any one of a centrifugal separator, a gravity separator, and a filter to separate the solid phase particles contained in the washing water and recycle the washing water through the circulation tube 291.

The cleaning water supply pipe 230 is connected to the sea water supply pipe 220, the fresh water supply pipe 226, the circulation pipe 291 and the collecting pipe 261 so that the concentration of the exhaust gas, the treatment capacity of the scrubber 240, The fresh water, and the circulating water may be appropriately mixed and supplied to the scrubber 240 in consideration of the concentration and the degree of contamination.

The filter unit 270 separates the solid particles contained in the washing water discharged from the scrubber 240 and is installed at the rear end of the scrubber 240. The filter unit 270 includes a centrifugal separator, The solid phase particles may be separated and discharged to the sludge tank 280. [ The filter unit 270 may be connected to the sea water supply pipe 220 between the pump P1 and the control valve 225. [ That is, the seawater supplied from the seawater supply pipe 220 is supplied to the scrubber 240 through the cleaning water supply pipe 230 after passing through the filter unit 270, and the washing water, which has passed through the scrubber 240, (Not shown). That is, both the seawater introduced from the outside and the washing water passing through the scrubber 240 can be filtered by one filter unit 270. It is also possible to use one or two filter units 270 to remove the washing water passing through the washing water discharge pipe 241 or the seawater having passed through the sea water supply pipe 220, .

Neutralizing agent or disinfectant may be injected into the washing water or seawater having passed through the filter unit 270 through the second infusion tube 320. A mixing pipe 222 may be provided between the filter unit 270 and the sea water discharge pipe 223 to discharge the mixed water of seawater and washing water and the second injection pipe 320 may be connected to the sea water supply pipe 220 or the mixing pipe 222, respectively. A sensor unit 224 is provided on the sea water discharge pipe 223 to detect at least one of the total residual oxidant, the pH value, and the microbial concentration contained in the discharged washing water and seawater in real time. The sensor unit 224 may be, for example, a TRO (Total Residual Oxidant) sensor, and the neutralizer supply unit 300 may adjust the amount of the oxidizing agent, the neutralizing agent, and the sterilizing agent according to the result of the sensor unit 224.

The washing water and the seawater discharged through the mixing pipe 222 are discharged to the outside through the sea water discharge pipe 223.

Hereinafter, the preprocessing unit 260a according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pretreatment unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The pretreatment unit 260a according to another embodiment of the present invention reduces the fine dust concentration by using the separation membrane 263 having a low transmittance of fine dust. The pretreatment unit 260a according to another embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the above-described embodiment except that the fine dust concentration is reduced by using the separation membrane 263 having a low transmittance of fine dust. Therefore, the description will be focused on, but unless otherwise noted, the description of the remaining components is replaced by the foregoing.

The pretreatment unit 260a uses at least one separator 263 to reduce the concentration of fine dust in the exhaust gas flowing into the oxidation unit 250. The separation membrane 263 means a membrane which has a low transmittance of fine dust and blocks the transmission of fine dust. In the present invention, the separation membrane 263 is not limited to a membrane that can completely block the transmission of fine dust, and any separation membrane capable of controlling the concentration of fine dust may be used.

The separation membrane 263 may be installed inside the pretreatment unit 260a or directly inside the exhaust gas pipe 210 as shown in the figure. In addition, the separation membrane 263 may be arranged in multiple stages along the moving direction of the exhaust gas to reduce the concentration of the fine dust stepwise.

The separation membrane 263 can be divided into the first region A1 and the second region A2 by dividing the pretreatment unit 260a in the transverse direction. The first region A1 and the second region A2 are formed on both sides of the separation membrane 263 and the first region A1 is connected to the economizer 20 and the second region A2 A2 may be a region connected to the oxidation unit 250. [ At this time, the second region A2 is set to a lower pressure than the first region A1, and the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 210 flows through the separator 263 in the first region A1, (A2). As described above, since the separation membrane 263 has a low transmittance of fine dust, it can block the fine dust contained in the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 210 from being transmitted. That is, the fine dust concentration of the exhaust gas present in the second region A2 can be kept lower than the fine dust concentration of the exhaust gas present in the first region A1.

Hereinafter, the preprocessing unit 260b according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pretreatment unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The pretreatment unit 260b according to another embodiment of the present invention reduces the fine dust concentration by using a cyclone centrifuge 264. The pretreatment unit 260b according to another embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the above embodiment except that the fine dust concentration is reduced by using a cyclone centrifuge 264. Therefore, the emphasis will be on the description of the remaining components, unless otherwise noted.

The pretreatment unit 260b receives the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 210 to separate the fine dust. At this time, the centrifugal separator 264 can be used. The centrifugal separator 264 is formed of a cyclone type solid separation device as shown. That is, when the exhaust gas containing the fine dust supplied from the exhaust gas pipe 210 is supplied to the centrifugal separator 264 in the tangential direction, the fine dust is separated into the exhaust gas from which the fine dust is removed by the density difference and the fine dust. The fine dust is collected by the centrifugal force while being rotated by the centrifugal force and discharged through the conical portion 264a. The exhaust gas from which fine dust has been removed collects at the center of the centrifugal separator 264 to form a swirling vortex and is discharged through the cylindrical portion 264b. The exhaust gas containing the fine dust and the fine dust discharged through the conical portion 264a is supplied to a separate particle eliminator and the exhaust gas from which the fine dust discharged through the cylindrical portion 264b is removed is supplied to the exhaust gas pipe 210, To the oxidation unit 250. [

Hereinafter, with reference to Figs. 12 and 13, the operation of the exhaust pollutant abatement device 21 will be described in more detail.

FIG. 12 shows an open loop system in which seawater supplied to a sea water supply pipe is directly discharged to the outside after passing through a scrubber, and FIG. 13 is a view showing an open loop system in which seawater supplied to a sea water supply pipe passes through a scrubber, Loop manner.

12, a portion of the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 220 is supplied to the scrubber 240 through the wash water supply pipe 230, and a part of the seawater is supplied to the neutralizer supply pipe 221 through the seawater inlet pipe 221 300). The washing water is sprayed on the upper portion of the scrubber 240, and the washing water can be filled to a certain level below the scrubber 240. At this time, the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 210 may be injected from the lower portion of the scrubber 240 after passing through the pretreatment unit 260 and the oxidation unit 250 in order. The pretreatment unit 260 receives seawater from the seawater supply pipe 220 and injects the fine seawater into the fine dust, and the oxidation unit 250 can pulse-corona discharge or irradiate ultraviolet rays to oxidize nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas to nitrogen dioxide.

The neutralizing agent supplying unit 300 may electrolyze the seawater to generate a neutralizing agent. The neutralizing agent may be injected into the seawater supplying pipe 220 or the scrubber 240 in consideration of the pH value of the three purified water. In addition, the neutralizing agent supply unit 300 can adjust pH by injecting a neutralizing agent into the seawater flowing through the collecting pipe 261 after passing through the pretreatment unit 260. The seawater in the pH-regulated collecting pipe 261 may be supplied to the scrubber 240 through the washing water supply pipe 230.

On the other hand, the exhaust gas can be injected in the washing water filled in the lower part of the scrubber 240, and thus, contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and dusts can be removed first. In addition, contaminants can be removed from the scrubber 240 by the washing water sprayed on the scrubber 240. Through this process, the pollutants in the exhaust gas are removed, and the exhaust gas from which the pollutants have been removed is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 242.

The washing water that has passed through the scrubber 240 contains contaminants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dusts and moves to the filter unit 270 through the washing water discharge pipe 241. The filter unit 270 separates contaminants such as solid particles in the washing water and stores the separated contaminants in the sludge tank 280. The cleansing water from which the contaminants are separated is discharged to the outside through the sea water discharge pipe 223. At this time, when the total residual oxidizing agent amount and the pH value of the washing water passing through the sea water discharge pipe 223 measured by the sensor unit 224 are out of the reference value, sodium thiosulfate is injected into the mixing pipe 222 The neutralizer generated in the neutralizer supply unit 300 is injected into the scrubber 240 through the injection pipe 310 to adjust the total amount of the residual oxidizer and the pH value within the standard value and then discharged to the outside.

13, some of the seawater introduced through the seawater supply pipe 220 is supplied to the scrubber 240 to be used as cleansing water, and a part of the seawater is supplied to the neutralizing agent supply unit 300 to generate a neutralizing agent do. The exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 210 passes through the pretreatment unit 260 and the oxidation unit 250 in order and is then injected into the scrubber 240. The pretreatment unit 260 is connected to the seawater supply pipe 220, Is sprayed to the fine dust to reduce the fine dust concentration of the exhaust gas.

The cleansing water discharged to the cleansing water discharge pipe 241 through the scrubber 240 is temporarily stored in the recycling tank 290 and then circulated to the cleansing water supply pipe 230 through the circulation pipe 291.

The neutralizing agent supplying unit 300 injects the neutralizing agent into the scrubber 240 and the collecting pipe 261 in consideration of the pH value of the washing water and supplies the seawater inside the collecting pipe 261 whose pH is adjusted to the circulating pipe 291 .

The seawater flowing through the sea water supply pipe 220 sequentially circulates through the washing water supply pipe 230, the scrubber 240, the washing water discharge pipe 241, the recirculation tank 290 and the circulation pipe 291, The process of FIG. 12 and the process of FIG. 13 can be performed in consideration of salinity, pH value, and the like. The process of FIG. 13 can be used when the seawater can not be discharged to the outside, such as when passing through a region where the discharge of seawater is limited.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the following claims And changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

100: Integrated system for exhaust pollutant reduction and cold treatment
10: main engine 20: economizer
32: Oxidizer 34: Scrubber
30: exhaust pollutant abatement device 40: stack

Claims (9)

An exhaust gas injection pipe through which a high temperature exhaust gas discharged from the main engine passes;
An economizer connected to the exhaust gas injection pipe to recover waste heat of the exhaust gas;
An exhaust pollutant reduction device connected to a rear end of the economizer to absorb and remove nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas;
An exhaust gas discharge pipe for discharging the exhaust gas passed through the exhaust pollutant abatement device;
And a supply pipe connected between the evaporator and the economizer for supplying the waste heat recovered from the economizer to the evaporator,
The exhaust pollutant abatement device is operable at a low temperature so that the economizer is located at the rear end of the main engine to minimize the relative loss of heat energy,
The exhaust pollutant abatement device comprises:
An oxidizing device for producing an oxidizing agent for converting nitrogen monoxide into nitrogen dioxide;
A scrubber for spraying seawater or fresh water with cleansing water to absorb and remove nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas;
An exhaust gas pipe connected to the scrubber and through which the exhaust gas passed through the economizer moves;
A sea water supply pipe for supplying and supplying seawater from outside;
A fresh water supply pipe connected to the fresh water tank;
A cleaning water supply pipe having one end connected to the seawater supply pipe or the fresh water supply pipe and the other end disposed in the scrubber;
A scrubbing water discharge pipe for discharging the scrubbing water in contact with the exhaust gas in the scrubber to the outside of the scrubber;
A filter unit connecting the washing water discharge pipe to the seawater supply pipe and separating solid particles contained in the washing water or the seawater;
A seawater discharge pipe for discharging the washing water or the seawater;
And a mixed pipe through which the mixed water of the seawater and the washing water is discharged between the filter unit and the sea water discharge pipe,
The oxidizing apparatus electrolyzes the seawater supplied through the seawater supply pipe to generate hydrogen, an oxidizing agent for oxidizing the nitrogen-containing cargo, a neutralizing agent for neutralizing the acidified washing water, and a sterilizing agent for sterilizing the microorganisms in the seawater, And a purification unit connected to the exhaust gas pipe, the scrubber, and the seawater supply pipe through a first injection pipe, a second injection pipe, and a third injection pipe,
An oxidizing agent is injected into the exhaust gas pipe through the first injection pipe to oxidize nitrogen monoxide contained in the exhaust gas to nitrogen dioxide,
And injecting a neutralizing agent into the scrubber through the second injection pipe to neutralize the acidified washing water,
Sterilizing microorganisms of the mixed water by injecting the sterilizing agent through the third injection tube,
Wherein the hydrogen is separated from water and supplied to the fuel cell, and the fuel cell generates electricity by receiving air and hydrogen containing oxygen. The method according to claim 1,
A circulation pipe connecting the washing water discharge pipe to the washing water supply pipe and recirculating the washing water;
And a recirculation tank disposed between the clean water discharge pipe and the circulation pipe and serving as a buffer tank,
The washing water discharged through the scrubber and discharged to the washing water discharge pipe is temporarily stored in the recirculation tank and circulated to the washing water supply pipe through the circulation pipe. And cold integration integrated system. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a water separator for separating moisture contained in the waste heat recovered from the economizer,
And a system for integrating exhaust pollutant reduction and antifreeze treatment for polarized ships to be passed through the water separator before the waste heat is delivered through the supply pipe. An exhaust gas injection pipe through which a high temperature exhaust gas discharged from the main engine passes;
An economizer connected to the exhaust gas injection pipe to recover waste heat of the exhaust gas;
An exhaust pollutant reduction device connected to a rear end of the economizer to absorb and remove nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas;
An exhaust gas discharge pipe for discharging the exhaust gas passed through the exhaust pollutant abatement device;
And a supply pipe connected between the evaporator and the economizer for supplying the waste heat recovered from the economizer to the evaporator,
The exhaust pollutant abatement device is operable at a low temperature so that the economizer is located at the rear end of the main engine to minimize the relative loss of heat energy,
The exhaust pollutant abatement device comprises:
A scrubber for spraying seawater or fresh water with cleansing water to absorb and remove nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas;
An exhaust gas pipe connected to the scrubber and through which the exhaust gas passed through the economizer moves;
A sea water supply pipe for supplying and supplying seawater from outside;
A fresh water supply pipe connected to the fresh water tank;
A cleaning water supply pipe having one end connected to the seawater supply pipe or the fresh water supply pipe and the other end disposed in the scrubber;
A scrubbing water discharge pipe for discharging the scrubbing water in contact with the exhaust gas in the scrubber to the outside of the scrubber;
A circulation pipe connecting the washing water discharge pipe to the washing water supply pipe and recirculating the washing water;
A filter unit connecting the washing water discharge pipe to the seawater supply pipe and separating solid particles contained in the washing water or the seawater;
A seawater discharge pipe for discharging the washing water or the seawater;
A mixing tube in which mixed water of the seawater and the washing water is discharged between the filter unit and the sea water discharge pipe;
A pretreatment unit disposed in the exhaust gas pipe for removing fine dust contained in the exhaust gas;
And an oxidation unit disposed between the pretreatment unit and the scrubber for oxidizing the exhaust gas passing through the pretreatment unit through pulse corona discharge or ultraviolet irradiation,
Further comprising a collecting pipe connected to one side of the pretreatment unit and selectively opened to supply seawater or fresh water passed through the pretreatment unit to the cleansing water supply pipe or the circulation pipe,
The oxidizing unit electrolyzes the seawater supplied through the seawater inlet pipe branched from the seawater supply pipe to generate a neutralizing agent. The scrubber, the seawater supply pipe, and the collecting pipe are connected to a first injection pipe, And a neutralization agent supply unit to which the third injection pipe is connected to supply the neutralization agent,
Wherein the control unit controls the neutralizing agent to contact the washing water after the washing water is in contact with the exhaust gas through the first injection pipe so that the microbial death and neutralization process of the washing water is performed at once, system. 5. The method of claim 4,
The first nozzle unit is coupled to the end of the seawater supply pipe to spray the seawater into fine particles,
And the second nozzle unit is coupled to the end of the clean water supply pipe so that the fine water is atomized and injected so that fine particles in the exhaust gas absorb the water molecules and sink , An integrated system for reducing exhaust pollutants and processing cold water for polar ships. 5. The method of claim 4,
The pre-
Further comprising a separation membrane that separates the pretreatment unit into a first region and a second region by dividing the pretreatment unit in the transverse direction and shields the transmission of fine dust,
Wherein the first region is connected to the economizer and the second region is connected to the oxidation unit,
Wherein the second region is set at a lower pressure than the first region. 5. The method of claim 4,
The pretreatment unit is a cyclone centrifuge,
When the exhaust gas containing the fine dust supplied from the exhaust gas pipe is supplied in the tangential direction to the inside of the centrifugal separator, fine dust is separated due to the density difference and is collected by the centrifugal force while being collected by the centrifugal force,
The exhaust gas from which fine dust is removed collects at a central portion of the centrifugal separator to form a swirling vortex and is discharged through a cylindrical portion to be supplied to the oxidation unit. delete The method according to claim 1 or 4,
Wherein the scrubber is supplied with waste heat recovered from the economizer to prevent freezing of the washing water.

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