KR101815864B1 - Seismic-proof transformer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a transformer applied with a means for reducing all of the long period and short period vibrations of an earthquake. The transformer includes: a concrete foundation unit; a transformer arranged on the upper part of the concrete foundation unit; and a hybrid shock absorber installed between the concrete foundation unit and the transformer. The hybrid shock absorber includes: an upper plate attached to the lower surface of the transformer; a lower plate attached to the upper surface of the concrete foundation unit; a lead vibration buffer which is installed between the upper and lower frames while including a rubber block formed on the cylindrical center hole and a lead core inserted into the center hole; anchor bolts fixing the lower plate and the concrete foundation unit with each other; multiple wire ropes which interconnect the upper and lower plates around the lead vibration buffer; and a compression spring which is installed in the center hole to surround the lead core, reduces the vibration of the earthquake while shrinking and loosening independently from the lead vibration buffer, and prevents the resonance of the lead vibration buffer. Short period vibration waves such as P and S waves are switched to long period vibrations while reducing the long period vibrations effectively. All types of earthquakes and vibration transmission which can be crucially damaging to the transformer can be suppressed in the maximal manner.

Description

Seismic-proof transformer

The present invention relates to a transformer to which means for attenuating both long period and short period vibration of an earthquake are applied.

A transformer is an apparatus that transforms a receiving voltage or a receiving voltage into an appropriate voltage by an electromagnetic induction operation with an iron core and a winding, and is one of the most important devices among the substation facilities.

The transformer main body is placed in the insulating oil, which is called an inflow transformer. It is generally used because it is inexpensive, has a high dielectric strength and low maintenance cost. And the mold transformer is called mold transformer by insulating transformer main body with epoxy resin. Mold transformer is small in size and low in risk of topic, but it has weak point in impact voltage.

Since most of these transformers are installed in water substation facilities, the operation of the transformer must be stable in order to ensure stable power supply. Especially in view of the fact that an earthquake of 5.8 magnitude occurred at the center of Gyeongju in 2016, Korea is also not a safe region in the earthquake, so that it is necessary to protect the transformer from earthquake vibration There is a need for means.

In addition, since the transformer frequently experiences breakdown and explosion accidents due to vibration due to vibration, it is necessary to pay special attention and skill to minimize the shock transmitted to the transformer so that the breakdown and explosion of the transformer do not occur due to vibration Is requested.

In particular, when a transformer fails or explodes in the event of an earthquake, the protective relay of the power plant or the substation may detect a breakdown and explosion of the transformer, and a large area may be blacked out, resulting in a great loss of life and property. The development of technology that minimizes the damage is more urgent.

An earthquake is a P wave whose direction of vibration and direction coincides with each other, an S wave whose direction of vibration is perpendicular to the direction of the vibration, and a surface wave of which vibration of horizontal and vertical directions is mixed. At this time, the P wave induces the horizontal vibration in the transformer, and the S wave causes the vertical vibration, and the surface wave induces the vibration in the form that the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are mixed. Therefore, in order to prepare for the vibration of the earthquake, a means for attenuating or absorbing both vertical and horizontal vibrations is required.

In addition to the P and S waves, there are long-period vibration waves in the seismic waves. Long period vibration wave is very slow and lasts longer than P wave and S wave. In a typical earthquake, the vibration period is from 0.5 second to 2 seconds, whereas the long-period vibration is from several seconds to several tens seconds. In particular, the earthquake in Mexico City in 1985 and the earthquake in Tokachi-Oki in 2003 caused serious damage.

Long-period vibration has the property of transmitting large amplitude farther than P wave and S wave, and it mainly destroys high-rise and high-rise buildings over 10 floors. Even if buildings and facilities are not destroyed, It is scattered and dislodged from the original place.

In particular, since the long-period vibration wave has a large displacement, the installation position of the transformer may be largely deviated from the original position after the vibration, which may adversely affect the bus and the peripheral devices connected to the transformer, or lead to a serious accident.

Therefore, in the case of various power distribution devices including transformers, which may have a bad influence on displacement due to a large number of connection points, normal operation may be interrupted due to such long period vibration, which may cause secondary serious damage.

However, in the conventional vibration damping apparatus against earthquakes, most of the points are to mitigate the short period vibration. Therefore, when the conventional vibration damping apparatus is applied, a separate apparatus for attenuating the long period vibration wave is required. Therefore, not only a considerable increase in cost is inevitable but also there is a risk that the short-period vibration buffering means and the long-period vibration means are in conflict with each other.

Therefore, there is a desperate need for a technique capable of effectively attenuating the short-period vibration and attenuating the long-term vibration at the same time, as in the case of a transformer.

Patent Registration No. 10-1081571 (registered on November 02, 2011)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of converting a short period vibration such as a P wave and an S wave into a long period vibration and attenuating a long period vibration effectively, And to provide an earthquake-resistant transformer capable of suppressing vibration transmission of all kinds of earthquakes as much as possible.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the earthquake-resistant transformer according to the present invention comprises a concrete foundation, a transformer disposed above the concrete foundation, and a hybrid cushion installed between the concrete foundation and the transformer, And a lead core inserted between the upper plate and the lower plate, the lead block being inserted into the center hole, and a rubber block having a cylindrical center hole, An anchor bolt for fixing the bottom plate and the concrete foundation to each other; a wire rope installed around the lead core to connect the top plate and the bottom plate; , And seismic shrinkage and relaxation independent of each other And a compression spring for preventing resonance of lead vibration by attenuating vibration.

Preferably, the rubber block is inserted in such a manner that a plurality of wire mesh layers, which surround the center hole, are stacked at predetermined intervals to generate a frictional force with the rubber block, thereby suppressing lateral shear deformation of the rubber block Increases the shape-restoring force and buffering action of lead-free.

Preferably, two permanent magnet rings, one of which is attached to the upper plate and the other of the lower plate, and which are formed to surround the compression spring and whose upper and lower portions are mutually different in polarity, are provided. The magnetic flux formed between the magnet rings is changed and coupled with the vibration of the earthquake to generate an induced current in the compression spring and the wire mesh to convert the vibration of the earthquake into the thermal energy generated by the induction current, Generates a force in the wire mesh that vibrates in the opposite direction to the vibration of the earthquake.

The anchor bolt is preferably inserted into a cap having a cylindrical shape in which a plurality of anvil bolts are formed at a predetermined length from the lower end and a lower end inserted into the center of the cap and having a larger diameter than the body, And an elastic cap having a bolt and a lower portion sealed in a cylindrical shape and formed so that a cap and a lower end of a bolt protruding from the lower portion of the cap are both inserted into the inner portion, whereby when the vibration of the earthquake is transmitted from the concrete foundation to the anchor bolt, Thereby first attenuating the vibration of the motor.

The hybrid cushioning device includes a lower frame fixedly installed on the hybrid cushioning unit, a side frame fixedly installed on an upper portion of the lower frame, a frame surrounding the transformer, A suspending assembly can be installed by suspending the transformer in the air so that the suspension chain attenuates vibrations transmitted from the concrete foundation to the transformer in the event of an earthquake.

Preferably, it comprises a bracket, a suspension spring embedded in the bracket, a compression plate incorporated in the bracket and coupled to the top of the suspension spring, and a center rod coupled to the bottom of the compression plate and inserted into the suspension spring, A hanger mount for connection is provided to attenuate the long period vibration transmitted from the concrete foundation to the transformer through the suspension assembly in the event of an earthquake.

In this case, a stopper chain connecting the bottom surface of the transformer and the upper surface of the lower frame is provided to suppress the omni-directional displacement of the transformer while permitting a variation within a certain range of the transformer in an earthquake occurrence situation.

Or a buffer block installed on the concrete foundation instead of the suspension assembly and contacting the side surface of the transformer to suppress the lateral displacement of the transformer.

In this case, the buffer block includes a lower horizontal plate installed on the concrete foundation, a vertical plate bent upwardly from the lower horizontal plate, and a lower horizontal plate inserted through the upper portion of the lower horizontal plate, To the upper surface of the concrete foundation.

A lead layer made of lead is attached to the surface of the vertical plate facing the transformer, and a buffer layer is attached to the surface of the lead layer to attenuate the horizontal vibration transmitted from the concrete foundation to the transformer in the event of an earthquake.

At this time, preferably, the buffer rubber layer is formed of a protruding portion having a long surface and an uneven surface alternating with the depressed portion, so that the relaxation and shrinking depth are increased and the vibration damping is more effectively performed.

The earthquake-resistant transformer according to the present invention is a means for converting short-period seismic waves such as P waves and S waves to long-period vibrations while attenuating the transmission of the short-period seismic waves to the transformers and attenuating both vertical and horizontal vibrations due to long- By applying this method, it is possible to suppress the vibration damage which may occur in the long period seismic wave and the occurrence of the displacement of the transformer while converting the vibration energy of the earthquake into electric and thermal energy so that the vibration can be attenuated as effectively as possible, The damage can be remarkably minimized.

FIG. 1A is a front view of an earthquake-resistant transformer according to the present invention,
1B is a side view of an earthquake-resistant transformer according to the present invention,
FIG. 2A is an enlarged front view of the hybrid shock absorber shown in FIG. 1A,
2B is a top cross-sectional view of the hybrid shock absorber shown in FIG. 2A,
FIG. 2C is a conceptual view showing the operation of the hybrid shock absorber shown in FIG. 2A,
FIG. 2D is a conceptual view showing the material of the mesh layer shown in FIG. 2A,
FIG. 2E is an exploded perspective view of the anchor bolt shown in FIG. 2A,
FIG. 2F is a plan view showing an installation process of the anchor bolt shown in FIG. 2E,
FIG. 3A is a front view showing a first modified embodiment of the earthquake-resistant transformer according to the present invention,
FIG. 3B is a side view of FIG.
Figure 3c is a perspective view of the hanger mount shown in Figure 3a,
Figure 3d is a top view of the frame shown in Figure 3a,
4A is a side view showing a second modified embodiment of the earthquake-resistant transformer according to the present invention,
4B is an enlarged perspective view of the buffer block shown in FIG. 4A,
FIG. 4C is a perspective view of FIG. 4B,
Figure 4d is a perspective view showing a further embodiment of Figure 4a,
5A to 5D are views showing an embodiment in which a separable frame is installed,
6 is a configuration diagram showing a control section,

The specific structure or functional description presented in the embodiment of the present invention is merely illustrative for the purpose of illustrating an embodiment according to the concept of the present invention, and embodiments according to the concept of the present invention can be implemented in various forms. And should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein, but should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The earthquake-resistant transformer according to the present invention has the basic embodiment, the first modification, the second modification, and the third modification. Since all of the first to third modified embodiments are embodiments in which a further configuration is applied to the basic embodiment, the features shown in the basic embodiment in all of the first to third embodiments are applied equally. Therefore, in the description of the first to third embodiments, the contents described in the description of the basic embodiment will be omitted in order to avoid duplication.

Hereinafter, each embodiment will be described in order.

≪ Basic Embodiment >

In the basic embodiment, the earthquake-resistant transformer according to the present invention comprises a concrete foundation 5, a transformer 10 disposed on the concrete foundation 5, a concrete foundation 5, And a hybrid shock absorber (20) installed between the vehicle body (10).

Here, the concrete foundation 5 represents the ground on which the transformer 10 is installed, and does not indicate that the location where the transformer 10 is installed is the foundation of the building or facility. That is, the concrete foundation 5 means a hard floor where the transformer 10 can be installed regardless of whether the location where the transformer 10 is installed is a high-rise building or a low-rise building.

1A and 1B, the transformer 10 of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the mold transformer 10 but may be a transformer 10 as well as the inflow transformer 10, (ACB), MOF (Instrument Transformer), PT, CT, VCB (Vacuum Circuit Breaker), ACB (Air Circuit Breaker), and battery storage of ESS The transformer 10 may be collectively referred to as a " transformer 10 " in the present invention in terms of all of the various electric power receivers such as an inverter, etc., interact with the transformer 10.

The hybrid shock absorber 20 includes an upper plate 281, a lower plate 282, a lead sheath 21, an anchor bolt 27, a wire rope 26, a compression spring 22, And a permanent magnet ring (25).

Here, the top plate 281 and the bottom plate 282 are the top and bottom surfaces of the hybrid cushion 20. The top surface of the top plate 281 is fixedly attached to the bottom surface 11 of the transformer 10 and the bottom plate 282 is attached to the top surface of the concrete foundation 5. At this time, a buffer plate 23 made of rubber may be installed between the bottom surface 11 of the transformer 10 and the top plate 281.

When the bottom plate of the transformer 10 is coupled with the top plate 281, the overall height of the hybrid cushion 20 can be adjusted by the height adjusting nut 29 as shown in FIG.

2B, the lead buffer 21 disposed at the center of the hybrid buffer 20 includes a rubber block 212 having a generally cylindrical shape and a long circular hole formed vertically at the center thereof as shown in FIG. 2A, And the lead core 211 is made of lead.

Since the leadframe 21 is formed by combining a rubber block 212 having an elastic force in all directions and a lead made of a soft material, the vibration absorbing ability is exhibited not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction.

Generally, the lead edge 21 is resistant to a short acting force such as wind. However, for a vibration generated by a constant force and an amplitude such as an earthquake, it is possible to absorb the displacement in the horizontal direction by exceeding the yield point of lead. In this case, A long period of vibration is achieved by the influence of the rubber block 212 around the core 211.

In general, in the case of a general mold transformer 10 having a frequency of several Hz with respect to an external force, the horizontal shear yield strength is reduced and the frequency of the lead is reduced.

In this case, the short-period vibration energy is absorbed by the lead-free base 21 and the non-linear behavior of the lead-free base 21 is generated.

The recovery of the generated displacement is performed primarily with the restoring force of the rubber block 212. Secondly, the lead core 211 is subjected to shear deformation and the heat generated in the process of deforming the rubber block 212, so that the lead core 211 is recrystallized and the lead core 211 is restored. Since the recrystallization temperature of lead can be achieved at a temperature of only 20 degrees Celsius as compared to 450 degrees Celsius, aluminum is 150 degrees Celsius and copper is 250 degrees Celsius, the thermal energy required for restoration due to lead recrystallization is sufficient for the heat generated in the shear deformation process to be.

In this case, in order to increase the restoring force of the lead ground plane 21 and absorb the long period vibration more effectively, a plurality of disk-shaped mesh layers 213 having a donut-shaped hollow inside the rubber block 212 are fixed And are inserted in a laminated manner. The mesh layer 213 shown in FIG. 2D is shown in a quadrangular shape in order to show the internal structure of the mesh layer 213 and the mesh layer 213 inserted into the rubber block 212 is entirely made of a lead core Shaped disk in which a hollow is formed to be inserted.

When the mesh layer 213 is inserted, a large frictional force is formed at the interface between the mesh layer 213 and the rubber block 212 to suppress excessive shear deformation of the rubber block 212 and the lead core 211, Even if the displacement is caused, the phenomenon that the transformer 10 is disengaged from the original installation position can be suppressed as much as possible.

In particular, since the mesh layer 213 has a greater elastic deformation width than the rubber material constituting the rubber block 212, the vertical vibration damping ability is further superior to the rubber block 212. But also suppresses excessive horizontal shear deformation of the rubber block 212 due to the interfacial frictional force with the rubber block 212.

And the mesh layer 213 is a steel shim in the form of a mesh. Therefore, while having rigidity and elasticity at the same time, it exerts an elastic force against all directions other than a specific direction, and vibration energy in all directions can be alleviated and absorbed.

Also, as shown in FIG. 2A, a compression spring 22 is installed around the lead core 211 to surround the lead core 211 for additional absorption of the short-period vibration.

The compression spring 22 also acts to promote the recovery of the lead core 211 after the horizontal deformation because of its restoring force. The compression spring 22 also functions as a spring when the fixed permanent magnet ring 25 to be described later is installed The induction current is generated due to the vibration damping action of the compression spring 22 in the vibration state of the magnetic flux due to the installation of the permanent magnet so that the vibration energy of the earthquake eventually can be converted into electricity and heat energy and can be exited . Therefore, vibration caused by an earthquake can be damped more quickly.

The anchor bolt 27 acts to securely fix the lead sheath 21 to the concrete foundation 5 as shown in Fig.

The anchor bolt (27) is a member that receives the vibration of the concrete foundation (5) first when an earthquake occurs. Therefore, in the present invention, the anchor bolt can be fabricated so as to attenuate the vibration of the earthquake transmitted from the concrete foundation 5 primarily while fixing the anchor bolt to the foundation.

Specifically, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2E, a bolt shim 271 forming a conventional anchor bolt and an anchor cap 272 formed into a cylindrical shape to insert the bolt shim 271 are inserted So that the rubber cap 273, which is also a cylindrical shape, is provided.

At this time, the outer circumferential surface of the rubber cap 273 is formed with a vertical groove from the lower end to a certain height. This groove will be referred to as a vertical groove 2731. 2F, when the anchor cap 272 is extended from the bottom by applying a blow from the top to the anchor cap 272, the outer diameter of the rubber cap 273 also expands together with the anchor bolt 272, 27 so that the anchor bolts 27 can be firmly fixed within the anchor holes preliminarily dug in the concrete foundation 5 for insertion.

The rubber cap 273 can be deformed by a thickness equal to or greater than a certain width owing to the point made of a rubber material and the vertical grooves 2731 formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof so that the vibration transmitted from the concrete foundation 5 to the transformer 10 can be primarily Can be attenuated to some extent.

A plurality of wire ropes 26 are installed around the rubber block 212 symmetrically with respect to the front, rear, left, and right sides.

The wire rope 26 is a member in which a plurality of steel fine wires are twisted and twisted and formed into a single thick rope shape. Therefore, it has a constant elasticity in structure divided into fine lines, which attenuates the vibration of the earthquake. At this time, since frictional heat is generated when an earthquake occurs due to friction between many fine wires constituting the wire rope 26, the vibration energy of the earthquake can be discharged in the form of heat energy.

Further, since the wire rope 26 has a resonance period different from that of the compression spring 22 surrounding the lead core 211, the wire rope 26 suppresses the occurrence of resonance that may be caused by the compression spring 22. [

In addition, the sleeve supporting the upright of the wire rope 26 in the arrangement of the wire rope 26 is installed so as to face the vertical lower portion as shown in FIG. 2A, The buffering action can be performed without being separated.

As described above, when the fixed permanent magnet ring 25 is installed on the upper and lower portions of the lead core 211, it is possible to suppress the excessive deformation of the lead core 211 and to prevent the permanent permanent magnet ring 25 Due to the interaction of the coil springs, the vibration energy of the earthquake can be highly deformed by electric energy and thermal energy, effectively reducing the vibration energy of the earthquake.

The fixed permanent magnet ring 25 consists of an upper permanent magnet ring 251 and a lower permanent magnet ring 252 as shown in FIG. The upper permanent magnet ring 251 and the lower permanent magnet ring 252 are formed in the shape of a circular ring as shown in FIG. 2B. As shown in FIG. 2C, one of the upper permanent magnet ring 251 and the lower permanent magnet ring 252 has the N pole and the other has the S pole, Lt; / RTI >

The magnetic flux is linked to the center of the compression spring 22 and the center of the mesh layer 213. In this case, when an earthquake occurs, the compression spring 22 and the mesh layer 213 vary at different speeds due to the vibration of the earthquake, and cyclic displacement occurs. At this time, an induced current is generated in the compression spring 22 and the mesh layer 213 by the following equation.

The induced current generates heat due to the internal resistance of the compression spring 22 and the mesh layer 213. Since the vibration energy of the earthquake is converted to heat energy and discharged, the vibration energy due to the energy conversion can be absorbed as well as the attenuation due to the vibration absorbing action due to elasticity.

In addition, since the process of converting the vibration energy into the induction current and then releasing it as heat energy is generated by the electrical induction process, it is possible to quickly extinguish the vibration energy rather than the mechanical buffering action.

<First Modified Embodiment>

A first modified embodiment according to the present invention is an embodiment of the type in which the float assembly 30 shown in Fig. 3A is added in the basic embodiment described above.

The lifting assembly 30 includes a frame 31 as shown in Figs. 3A and 3B, a lifting eye 32 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the transformer 10, and a lower end connected to the lifting eye 32, And a suspending chain 33 whose upper end is connected to the upper part of the upper part 31 of the body.

3A, the frame 31 includes a lower frame 311 fixedly mounted on the hybrid cushion 20, a side frame 313 integrally formed upward from the lower frame 311, The hybrid shock absorber 20 includes a lower frame 312 and a concrete foundation 314. The upper frame 312 is connected to the lower frame 312 and the lower frame 312, 5, the vibration of the earthquake is absorbed primarily by the hybrid shock absorber 20, and is absorbed secondarily between the upper frame 311 and the transformer 10.

Here, the means for connecting the upper frame 311 to the upper surface of the transformer 10 is a suspension chain. A lifting eye 32 is attached to the upper surface of the transformer 10 as a bracket having a through hole through which the suspension chain 33 can pass as shown in FIG. 3A so that the suspension chain 33 can be connected.

However, when the vibration is generated once, the transformer 10 suspended by the suspension chain 33 on the upper frame 311 does not receive the vibration directly due to inertia. However, when the suspension chain 33 oscillates, .

A hanger mount (34) is installed at a certain point of the suspension chain (33) so that the vibration due to the suspension chain (33) is prevented from being transmitted to the transformer (10).

The hanger mount 34 includes a bracket 341 as shown in Figure 3C, a suspension spring 342 embedded in the bracket 341, and a hinge spring 342 mounted within the bracket 341 and coupled to the top of the suspension spring 342 A compression plate 344 and a center rod coupled to the bottom surface of the compression plate 344 and inserted into the suspension spring 342.

The suspension chain 33 is formed so that the hanger mount 34 can be coupled in the middle. At this time, the upper end of the disconnecting section is fixedly coupled to the upper surface of the bracket 341 of the hanger mount 34, and the lower end of the disconnecting section is coupled to the lower end of the center rod. The central rod is fixedly coupled to the bottom surface of the compression plate provided on the upper surface of the suspension spring so that the load of the transformer 10 is transmitted to the compression plate and the compression plate transmits the load of the transformer 10 to the upper part of the suspension spring, (10) from the upper part.

At this time, the vibration transmitted from the frame to the transformer 10 is cut off from the suspension chain and absorbed by the hanger mount. Even if resonance of the suspension spring occurs due to vibration blocking action of the suspension chain, resonance of the suspension spring is absorbed by the suspension chain And is not transmitted to the transformer 10, so that secondary damage due to the resonance of the hanger mount is also prevented.

Since the frame is provided between the hybrid buffer 20 and the transformer 10 and the double vibration absorption and buffering means are provided between the frame and the transformer 10 and the occurrence of resonance is suppressed during the vibration absorption process, It is possible to cut off most of it in the process of being transmitted to the transformer 10.

On the other hand, since the transformer 10 is suspended from the frame, when a long period vibration occurs, a displacement similar to the swing motion of the transformer 10 can occur to a large extent. Therefore, the bottom surface of the transformer 10 and the upper portion of the lower frame 312 are connected to the stopper chain 36 as shown in FIG. 3A, so that the displacement of the transformer 10 can be prevented .

&Lt; Second Modified Embodiment &

A second modified embodiment according to the present invention is a form in which a buffer block 40 is added in the basic embodiment shown in FIG. 1A as shown in FIG. 4A.

4B to 4D, the buffer block 40 includes a lower horizontal plate 421 installed on the concrete foundation 5 and a vertical plate 421 extending from the lower horizontal plate 421, And a fixing bolt 44 penetrating the upper portion of the lower horizontal plate 421 and inserted into the concrete foundation 5 to connect the lower horizontal plate 421 to the upper surface of the concrete foundation 5.

Also, an upper horizontal plate 422 may be formed in which the upper portion of the vertical plate 41 is bent and extended in the horizontal direction. The upper horizontal plate 422 may be added according to the specific form of the transformer 10. In the case of the transformer 10 shown in FIG. 4A, the upper horizontal plate 422 may be provided according to the lower shape of the transformer 10, or the upper horizontal plate 422 may be provided as shown in FIG. Block 40 may be fabricated.

The buffer block 40 is installed such that the vertical plate is in close contact with the transformer 10 and the lower horizontal plate 421 is fixed to the concrete foundation 5 with the fixing bolts 44. [ The buffer layer 451 is attached to the surface of the lead layer 452 and the lead layer 452 on the contact surface of the transformer 10 of the vertical plate 41.

Therefore, the buffer block 40 prevents the position of the transformer 10 from being displaced from the installation position in the event of an earthquake, and at the same time, the vibration transmission between the transformer 10 and the buffer block 40 is absorbed to a certain extent, The damage caused to the transformer 10 by the earthquake can be minimized together with the earthquake 20.

The lead layer 452 is deformed when the pressure acting between the vertical plate 41 and the transformer 10 exceeds the yield strength due to the vibration of the earthquake and is transmitted to the transformer 10 from the vertical plate 41 The buffer layer 451 is formed by alternately forming protrusions and depressions in the buffering rubber layer 451 as shown in FIG. 4C, so that the buffer depth is increased so that the vibration transmitted from the vertical plate to the transformer 10 is blocked do.

4A to 4C, the buffer rubber layer 451 contacts the upper surface and the side surface of the transformer, so that the transformer is prevented from being inverted or collapsed even under a large vibration, The original position can be maintained.

&Lt; Third Modified Embodiment &

The third modified embodiment is an embodiment having a structure in which a separate frame is added in the basic embodiment as shown in Figs. 5A to 5D.

The detachable frame is composed of an upper housing and a lower housing separated from each other as shown in Figs. 5A and 5C, and one of the upper housing and the lower housing is coupled to the other one.

However, the upper enclosure and the lower enclosure are not fixedly coupled to each other, and the hybrid shock absorber 20 connects the upper enclosure and the lower enclosure.

Thus, the upper surface of the hybrid shock absorber 20 is fixedly coupled to the ceiling surface of the upper housing, and the lower surface of the hybrid shock absorber 20 is fixedly coupled to the lower surface of the lower housing.

When the separable frame is installed, the transformer 10 is not excessively deflected to one side when an earthquake occurs, and there is a limit on the width of the transformer 10 that varies up and down depending on the height of the upper enclosure and the lower enclosure. Excessive horizontal vibration is also suppressed according to the distance between the upper enclosure and the side wall of the lower enclosure.

On the other hand, in order to prevent resonance of the hybrid shock absorber 20, which may occur even if a separate type frame is installed, an auxiliary shock absorber may be installed in the place shown in FIG. 5D.

The auxiliary buffer can effectively suppress the resonance of the hybrid buffer 20 by having a resonance period different from that of the hybrid buffer 20. The specific form of the auxiliary buffer may be an earthquake mount or a wire mesh or helical spring. Or any other buffer means having a resonance period different from that of the hybrid buffer 20 while assisting the buffering action of the other hybrid buffer 20.

Meanwhile, the sensing unit 70 may be additionally provided as a configuration applicable to all of the basic embodiments through the third modification described above.

As shown in FIG. 6, the sensing unit 70 includes a surveillance camera 72 for capturing an image of a displacement of the transformers 10 and 10 as an image, and a plurality of sensors installed under the transformers 10 and 10 A displacement sensor 74 for detecting the displacement of the transformer 10 10 and a displacement distance and displaced position of the transformer 10 10 with data received from the surveillance camera 72 and the displacement sensor 74 An image display and analysis module 73 for moving the displaced distance and the displaced position of the transformer 10 (10) calculated by the controller 71, and an image display and analysis module And a power monitoring and control module 75 for controlling whether or not the power of the power transmission /

The degree of damage of the transformer 10 and the variable position of the transformer 10 can be quickly detected even when the earthquake is generated by the sensing unit 70, It is possible to decide whether or not to cut off the power, thus enabling quick maintenance and restoration.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventions. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.

5: Concrete foundation 10: Transformer
20: Hybrid shock absorber 21: lead-free
22: compression spring 23: buffer plate
25: permanent magnet ring 26: wire rope
27: anchor bolt 29: height adjusting nut
30: Float assembly 31: Frame
32: Lifting Eye 33: Suspension Chain
34: Hanger mount 35: Second height-adjusting nut
36: stopper chain 40: buffer block
41: vertical plate 43: rib
44: fixing bolt 50: detachable frame
51: upper housing 52: lower housing
60: auxiliary buffer 70:
71: Controller 72: Surveillance camera
73: Image display and analysis module 74: Displacement sensor
75: Power monitoring and control module 211: Lead core
212: rubber block 213: mesh layer
251: upper permanent magnet ring 252: lower permanent magnet ring
262: Support sleeve 271: Bolt core
272: Anchor cap 273: Elastic cap
2731: vertical grooves 281: top plate
282: Lower plate 311: Upper frame
312: lower frame 313: side frame
341: Bracket 342: Suspension spring
343: center rod 344: compression plate
421: lower horizontal plate 422: upper horizontal plate
451: rubber plate 452:
511: upper horizontal plate 512: upper vertical plate
521: Lower horizontal plate 522: Lower vertical plate
4611: Bolt assembly hole

Claims (9)

A concrete foundation 5;
A transformer (10) disposed on the concrete foundation (5); And
And a hybrid shock absorber (20) installed between the concrete foundation (5) and the transformer (10)
The hybrid shock absorber (20)
An upper plate attached to the bottom of the transformer 10 and a lower plate attached to the upper surface of the concrete foundation 5,
(21) made of a rubber block (212) formed between the upper plate and the lower plate and having a cylindrical center hole and a lead core (211) inserted into the center hole,
Anchor bolts 27 for fixing the bottom plate and the concrete foundation 5 to each other,
A plurality of wire ropes 26 installed around the leadframe 21 to connect the upper plate and the lower plate,
The center of the lead core 211 is surrounded by the center hole 211. The vibration of the earthquake is attenuated while being contracted and relaxed independently of the lead face rim 21, And a compression spring (22) for generating a compression force. The method according to claim 1,
The rubber block 212 has a plurality of wire mesh layers 213 enclosing a center hole to be inserted into the rubber block 212 so as to be stacked at predetermined intervals to generate a frictional force with the rubber block 212, To thereby suppress the lateral shear deformation of the lead sheath (21), thereby increasing the shape returning force and the buffering action of the lead shear strap (21). 3. The method of claim 2,
Two permanent magnet rings, one of which is attached to the upper plate and the other of the lower plate, and which are formed to surround the compression spring 22 and whose upper and lower portions have different polarities from each other, are provided. The magnetic flux formed between the permanent magnet rings is changed to the vibration of the earthquake to generate an induced current in the compression spring 22 and the wire mesh to convert the vibration of the earthquake into the thermal energy generated by the induction current, (22) and the wire mesh to generate a force that vibrates in a direction opposite to the vibration of the earthquake. The method according to claim 1,
The anchor bolt 27 has a cylindrical cap having a plurality of protrusions formed at a predetermined length from the lower end of the anchor bolt 27. The lower end of the anchor bolt 27 is inserted into the center of the cap and has a larger diameter than the body, And an elastic cap having a bottom closed in a cylindrical shape and formed so that a cap and a lower end of a bolt protruding below the cap are both inserted into the interior of the cap so that the vibration of the earthquake is transmitted from the concrete foundation 5 to the anchor bolt 27 Wherein the resilient cap firstly attenuates the vibration of the earthquake. The method according to claim 1,
And a buffer block installed on the concrete foundation and contacting the side surface of the transformer to suppress an omni-directional displacement of the transformer. 6. The method of claim 5,
The buffer block includes a lower horizontal plate installed on the concrete foundation 5, a vertical plate bent upwardly from the lower horizontal plate, and a lower plate inserted through the upper portion of the lower horizontal plate and inserted into the concrete foundation 5 And a fixing bolt for coupling the lower horizontal plate to the upper surface of the concrete foundation (5). The method according to claim 6,
A lead layer made of lead is attached to the surface of the vertical plate facing the transformer 10 and a buffer layer of rubber is attached to the surface of the lead layer so that the horizontal (10), characterized in that the vibration is attenuated. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the buffer rubber layer is formed of a protruding portion having a long surface and an uneven surface alternating with the depressed portion, thereby increasing the relaxation and shrinking depth, thereby more effectively attenuating the vibration. The method according to claim 1,
A separable frame which is attached to the upper surface of the concrete foundation 5 and has an open upper part and an upper enclosure which is attached to the bottom surface of the transformer 10 and which is opened at the bottom and in which the lower enclosure is enclosed,
The lower enclosure and the upper enclosure are attached to the bottom of the lower enclosure with a bottom plate 282 at the bottom of the hybrid cushion 20 and the top plate 281 of the hybrid cushion 20 is attached to the inner ceiling of the top enclosure, Wherein the enclosure is connected to upper and lower portions of the hybrid shock absorber (20), respectively.

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