KR101788749B1 - BOG Treatment System And Method - Google Patents

BOG Treatment System And Method Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101788749B1
KR101788749B1 KR1020140021094A KR20140021094A KR101788749B1 KR 101788749 B1 KR101788749 B1 KR 101788749B1 KR 1020140021094 A KR1020140021094 A KR 1020140021094A KR 20140021094 A KR20140021094 A KR 20140021094A KR 101788749 B1 KR101788749 B1 KR 101788749B1
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lng
gas
storage tank
line
high pressure
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KR1020140021094A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20150099929A (en
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이창우
문영식
유병용
김낙현
장재호
김지은
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대우조선해양 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020140021094A priority Critical patent/KR101788749B1/en
Priority to JP2016553528A priority patent/JP6366727B2/en
Priority to PCT/KR2015/001546 priority patent/WO2015126119A1/en
Priority to SG11201607024RA priority patent/SG11201607024RA/en
Priority to CN201580010000.2A priority patent/CN106029490B/en
Publication of KR20150099929A publication Critical patent/KR20150099929A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D9/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/022—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel pressure, temperature or composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
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    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
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    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0245—High pressure fuel supply systems; Rails; Pumps; Arrangement of valves
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/029—Arrangement on engines or vehicle bodies; Conversion to gaseous fuel supply systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
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    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
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    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
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    • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/05—Regasification
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Abstract

증발가스 처리 시스템 및 방법이 개시된다. 본 발명의 증발가스 처리 시스템은, 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스의 처리 시스템에 있어서, 상기 LNG 저장탱크에 저장된 LNG를 재기화하여 천연가스를 공급하는 재기화 라인; 및 상기 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 상기 증발가스를 고압으로 압축하여 상기 재기화 라인의 하류로 공급하는 고압압축 라인을 포함한다. A vapor gas treatment system and method are disclosed. The present invention also provides a system for treating an evaporative gas generated in an LNG storage tank of a ship or an offshore structure, comprising: a regeneration line for regenerating LNG stored in the LNG storage tank to supply natural gas; And a high-pressure compression line for compressing the evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank to a high pressure and supplying the compressed gas to the downstream of the regeneration line.

Description

증발가스 처리 시스템 및 방법{BOG Treatment System And Method}{BOG Treatment System And Method}

본 발명은 증발가스 처리 시스템 및 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 LNG 저장탱크에 저장된 LNG를 재기화하는 재기화 라인을 통해 천연가스를 육상 등으로 공급하면서, LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 고압으로 압축하여 재기화 라인의 하류로 공급하여 재기화된 천연가스와 함께 육상으로 공급하여 처리할 수 있는 증발가스 처리 시스템 및 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a system and method for treating an evaporative gas, and more particularly, to a system and method for treating an evaporative gas, and more particularly, to a system and method for treating an evaporative gas, The present invention relates to an evaporative gas treatment system and method capable of compressing at a high pressure and supplying it to the downstream side of the regasification line and supplying it along the regasified natural gas to the land.

액화천연가스(Liquefied Natural Gas, 이하 "LNG"라 함)는 메탄(methane)을 주성분으로 하는 천연가스를 약 -162℃로 냉각해서 액화시킴으로써 얻을 수 있는 무색투명한 액체로서, 천연가스와 비교해 약 1/600 정도의 부피를 갖는다. 따라서, 천연가스 이송 시 LNG로 액화시켜 이송할 경우 매우 효율적으로 이송할 수 있다. Liquefied natural gas (hereinafter referred to as "LNG") is a colorless transparent liquid obtained by cooling methane-based natural gas to about -162 ° C. and liquefying it. / 600. ≪ / RTI > Therefore, it can be transported very efficiently when transporting liquefied natural gas by LNG.

천연가스의 액화온도는 상압에서 -163℃의 극저온이므로, LNG는 그 온도가 상압 -163℃ 보다 약간만 높아도 쉽게 증발된다. LNG 운반선이나 LNG-FPSO, RV 등에 마련되는 LNG 저장탱크의 경우 단열처리가 되어 있기는 하지만, 외부의 열이 LNG 저장탱크에 지속적으로 전달되므로, LNG 저장과정에서 LNG가 LNG 저장탱크 내에서 지속적으로 자연 기화되어 LNG 저장 탱크 내에 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas, BOG)가 발생한다.Since the liquefaction temperature of natural gas is -163 ℃ at normal pressure, LNG easily evaporates even if the temperature is slightly higher than -163 ℃. LNG storage tanks such as LNG carrier, LNG-FPSO, and RV are heat-treated, but since external heat is continuously transferred to the LNG storage tank, the LNG is stored continuously in the LNG storage tank It is spontaneously vaporized and boil-off gas (BOG) is generated in the LNG storage tank.

BOG는 일종의 LNG 손실로서 LNG의 수송효율 등에 있어서 중요한 문제이며, LNG 저장탱크 내에 증발가스가 축적되면 LNG 저장탱크 내의 압력이 과도하게 상승하여 탱크가 파손될 위험이 있으므로, LNG 저장탱크 내에서 발생하는 BOG를 처리하기 위한 다양한 방법이 연구되고 있다.BOG is a kind of LNG loss which is an important problem in the transportation efficiency of LNG. If evaporative gas accumulates in the LNG storage tank, the pressure in the LNG storage tank is excessively increased and the tank may be damaged. Therefore, Have been studied.

최근에는 BOG의 처리를 위해, BOG를 재액화하여 저장탱크로 복귀시키는 방법, BOG를 선박 등의 엔진 에너지원으로 사용하는 방법 등이 사용되고 있다. 그리고 잉여의 BOG에 대해서는 가스연소유닛(gas combustion unit, GCU)에서 연소시키는 방법을 사용하고 있다.Recently, BOG is re-liquefied and returned to the storage tank for BOG treatment, and BOG is used as an engine energy source for ships and the like. And, for surplus BOG, the gas combustion unit (GCU) uses a method of burning.

본 발명은 LNG-RV 및 LNG-FSRU 등의 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스(Boil Off Gas)를 효과적이고 안전하게 처리할 수 있는 시스템 및 방법을 제안하고자 한다. The present invention proposes a system and method that can effectively and safely treat boil-off gas generated in storage tanks of ships or marine structures such as LNG-RV and LNG-FSRU.

본 발명의 일 측면에 따르면, 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스의 처리 시스템에 있어서, According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for processing an evaporative gas generated in an LNG storage tank of a ship or a marine structure,

상기 LNG 저장탱크에 저장된 LNG를 재기화하여 천연가스를 공급하는 재기화 라인; 및A regasification line for regenerating the LNG stored in the LNG storage tank to supply natural gas; And

상기 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 상기 증발가스를 고압으로 압축하여 상기 재기화 라인의 하류로 공급하는 고압압축 라인을 포함하는 증발가스 처리 시스템이 제공된다. And a high-pressure compression line for compressing the evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank to a high pressure and feeding the evaporation gas downstream of the re-evaporation line.

바람직하게는 시스템은, 상기 재기화 라인에 마련되어 상기 LNG 저장탱크로부터 과냉된 LNG를 공급받는 재응축기와, 상기 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 상기 증발가스를 저압으로 압축하여 상기 재응축기로 공급하여 상기 과냉된 LNG와 열교환으로 응축시키는 저압응축 라인을 더 포함할 수 있다. Preferably, the system further comprises: a recondenser provided in the regeneration line and supplied with the subcooled LNG from the LNG storage tank; and a control unit that compresses the evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank to low pressure, And a low pressure condensing line for condensing by heat exchange with the LNG.

바람직하게는 시스템은, 상기 재기화 라인에 마련되어 재응축기로부터 LNG를 공급받아 압축하는 고압 펌프와, 상기 재기화 라인에 마련되어 상기 고압 펌프에서 압축된 LNG를 기화시키는 기화기와, 상기 고압압축 라인에 마련되어 상기 LNG 저장탱크로부터 상기 증발가스를 공급받아 고압으로 압축하는 고압 압축기를 더 포함할 수 있다. Preferably, the system further comprises a high-pressure pump provided in the regeneration line for supplying and compressing LNG from the recondensor, a carburetor provided in the regeneration line for vaporizing the LNG compressed in the high-pressure pump, And a high pressure compressor that receives the evaporation gas from the LNG storage tank and compresses the evaporated gas to a high pressure.

바람직하게는 상기 압축기에서 고압으로 압축된 상기 증발가스는 상기 재기화 라인에서 상기 기화기의 하류로 공급될 수 있다.Preferably, the evaporated gas compressed at high pressure in the compressor can be fed downstream of the vaporizer in the regasification line.

바람직하게는 시스템은, 상기 저압응축 라인에 마련되며 상기 LNG 저장탱크로부터 상기 증발가스를 공급받아 저압으로 압축하여 상기 재응축기로 공급하는 저압 압축기와, 상기 LNG 저장탱크에 마련되어 LNG를 펌핑하여 과냉각 상태로 상기 재응축기로 공급하는 LNG 공급 펌프를 더 포함할 수 있다.Preferably, the system further comprises: a low-pressure compressor provided in the low-pressure condensing line for supplying the evaporation gas from the LNG storage tank to the low-pressure compressor to supply the compressed gas to the recondenser; and a low pressure compressor provided in the LNG storage tank for pumping LNG, And an LNG supply pump for supplying the LNG to the re-condenser.

바람직하게는 시스템은, 상기 고압압축 라인 및 저압응축 라인으로부터 압축된 증발가스를, 상기 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 가스 엔진, GCU(Gas Combustion Unit), 보일러를 포함하는 가스 소비처로 공급하는 연료공급 라인을 더 포함할 수 있다. Preferably, the system comprises a fuel supply line for supplying the evaporated gas compressed from the high pressure compression line and the low pressure condensation line to a gas consuming source including a gas engine, a gas combining unit (GCU) of the ship or an offshore structure, .

바람직하게는, 상기 선박 또는 해상 구조물은 LNG를 재기화하여 육상으로 천연가스를 공급하는 LNG-RV(Regasification Vessel) 및 LNG-FSRU(Floating Storage Regasification Unit)를 포함할 수 있다.
Preferably, the ship or marine structure may include an LNG-RV (Regasification Vessel) and an LNG-FSRU (Floating Storage Regulation Unit) for regenerating LNG to supply natural gas to the land.

본 발명의 다른 측면에 따르면, 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스의 처리 방법에 있어서, According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of treating an evaporative gas generated in an LNG storage tank of a ship or an offshore structure,

상기 LNG 저장탱크에 저장된 LNG를 재기화하여 천연가스를 육상으로 공급하면서, 상기 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 상기 증발가스를 고압으로 압축하여 상기 재기화된 천연가스와 함께 육상으로 공급하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증발가스 처리 방법이 제공된다.And regenerating the LNG stored in the LNG storage tank to supply the natural gas to the land while compressing the evaporated gas generated in the LNG storage tank to a high pressure and supplying it to the land along with the regenerated natural gas A method of treating an evaporative gas is provided.

바람직하게는, 상기 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 상기 증발가스를 저압으로 압축하여, 재기화될 상기 LNG와 혼합하여 재응축시킬 수 있다.Preferably, the evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank is compressed to a low pressure and may be recycled by mixing with the LNG to be regasified.

바람직하게는, 상기 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 상기 증발가스는 저압 압축 후 재기화될 상기 LNG에 혼합하여 재응축시켜 처리하면서, 상기 LNG의 냉열로 재응축되고 남는 증발가스는 고압으로 압축하여 상기 재기화된 천연가스와 함께 육상으로 공급할 수 있다. Preferably, the evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank is recycled to the LNG to be re-condensed after being subjected to low-pressure compression, It can be supplied to the land along with natural gas.

본 발명의 시스템에서는 LNG 저장탱크에 저장된 LNG를 재기화하는 재기화 라인을 통해 천연가스를 육상 등으로 공급하면서, LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 고압으로 압축하여 재기화 라인의 하류로 공급하여 재기화된 천연가스와 함께 육상으로 공급하여 처리할 수 있다. In the system of the present invention, the natural gas is supplied to the land or the like through the regasification line for regenerating the LNG stored in the LNG storage tank, and the evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank is compressed to a high pressure and supplied to the downstream of the regeneration line It can be supplied to the land along with regasified natural gas for treatment.

증발가스를 저압으로 압축하여 재기화될 과냉된 LNG의 냉열로 재응축하여 처리할 수도 있는데, 재기화될 LNG의 양이 적은 경우 증발가스를 고압으로 압축하여 재기화 라인을 통해 육상으로 공급함으로써 보다 효과적으로 증발가스를 처리할 수 있다. It is also possible to compress the evaporation gas to a low pressure and recycle it by reheating it to the cold of the subcooled LNG to be regasified. If the amount of LNG to be regasified is small, the evaporation gas is compressed to high pressure and supplied to the land via regasification line The evaporation gas can be effectively treated.

이와 같은 시스템을 통해 증발가스를 처리함으로써 저장탱크의 압력 상승을 방지하여 안전성을 확보하고, GCU 등에서 낭비되는 양을 줄일 수 있다. By treating the evaporation gas through such a system, the pressure rise of the storage tank can be prevented to ensure safety, and the amount of waste in the GCU can be reduced.

도 1은 증발가스 처리 시스템의 일 예를 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 증발가스 처리 시스템을 개략적으로 도시한다. Figure 1 schematically shows an example of an evaporative gas treatment system.
Figure 2 schematically depicts a vaporized gas processing system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

본 발명과 본 발명의 동작상의 이점 및 본 발명의 실시에 의하여 달성되는 목적을 충분히 이해하기 위해서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 예시하는 첨부 도면 및 첨부 도면에 기재된 내용을 참조하여야만 한다.In order to fully understand the present invention, operational advantages of the present invention, and objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 설명함으로써, 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다. 각 도면에 제시된 동일한 참조부호는 동일한 부재를 나타낸다.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference symbols in the drawings denote like elements.

후술할 증발가스 처리 시스템은 LNG 저장탱크가 마련되어 저장탱크로부터 증발가스가 발생하는 선박 또는 해상 구조물에 적용될 수 있는데, 예를 들어 LNG를 재기화하여 육상으로 천연가스를 공급하는 LNG-RV(Regasification Vessel) 및 LNG-FSRU(Floating Storage Regasification Unit) 등에 적용될 수 있다. The evaporative gas treatment system to be described later may be applied to a ship or a marine structure in which evaporative gas is generated from a storage tank by providing an LNG storage tank. For example, an LNG-RV (Regasification Vessel ) And an LNG-FSRU (Floating Storage Regasification Unit).

저장탱크의 용량 및 외부 온도 등의 조건에 따라 차이가 있으나, LNG 저장탱크에서의 BOG 발생량은 예를 들어 150000㎥ 용량의 선박인 경우 Laden condition에서 3 내지 4 ton/h, Ballast condition에서는 0.3 내지 0.4 ton/h에 이르는 것으로 알려진다. 다만 최근에는 선박의 단열성능 향상에 따라 BOR(Boil Off Rate)이 낮아지고 있는 추세이므로 증발가스의 발생량도 점차 감소하고 있다. The volume of BOG in the LNG storage tank is 3 to 4 ton / h in laden condition and 0.3 to 0.4 in ballast condition for a ship having a capacity of 150000 cubic meters, for example, ton / h. In recent years, however, the boil off rate (BOR) has been lowered due to improved insulation performance of vessels, and the amount of evaporation gas is gradually decreasing.

그러나 여전히 저장탱크에서는 다량의 증발가스가 발생하므로, 저장탱크의 안전성, 나아가 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 안전성 확보와, 천연가스의 에너지 낭비를 막기 위해 효과적인 증발가스 처리 시스템이 필요하다. However, since a large amount of evaporative gas is still generated in the storage tank, an effective evaporative gas treatment system is required to secure the safety of the storage tank, the safety of the ship or the marine structure, and the waste of natural gas.

도 1에는 증발가스 처리 시스템의 일 예를 개략적으로 도시하였다. 1 schematically shows an example of an evaporative gas treatment system.

도 1에 도시된 증발가스 처리 시스템은, 저장탱크(T)로부터 LNG를 펌핑하여 재응축기(20)로 공급하고, 고압으로 압축하기 위한 펌프(30) 및 기화기(40)를 거쳐 육상으로 천연가스를 공급하는 LNG-RV나 LNG-FSRU 등의 선박 또는 해상 구조물에서, 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 압축기(10)로 저압으로 압축한 후 재응축기(20)로 공급하여 처리하게 된다. 증발가스는 재응축기(20)에서, 저장탱크(T)로부터 펌핑하여(P) 공급된 과냉각 상태의 LNG로부터 냉열을 공급받아 재응축되어 처리된다. 1 includes a pump 30 for pumping LNG from the storage tank T and supplying it to the recondenser 20 and a pump 30 for compressing the LNG to a high pressure and a carburetor 40, The evaporation gas generated in the storage tank is compressed to a low pressure by the compressor 10 and then supplied to the recondenser 20 for processing in a ship or an offshore structure such as an LNG-RV or an LNG-FSRU. The evaporated gas is supplied from the supercooled LNG, which is pumped (P) from the storage tank (T), in the recondenser (20) and is re-condensed and processed.

이와 같이 LNG로부터 공급되는 냉열로 재응축하여 증발가스를 처리할 수도 있으나, 재기화될 LNG의 양이 적은 경우 증발가스에 충분한 냉열을 전달하지 못할 수도 있다. In this way, it is possible to treat the evaporated gas by recondensing with the cold heat supplied from the LNG, but when the amount of the LNG to be regenerated is small, it may not be possible to deliver sufficient cold heat to the evaporated gas.

도 2에 도시된 시스템은 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한, 개선된 증발가스 처리 시스템으로, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 증발가스 처리 시스템이 개략적으로 도시된다. The system shown in FIG. 2 is an improved evaporative gas processing system for solving this problem, schematically illustrating an evaporative gas processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 2에 도시된 시스템은, 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 LNG 저장탱크(T)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 처리하는 시스템으로서, 우선 본 실시예의 시스템은 LNG 저장탱크(T)에 저장된 LNG를 재기화하여 천연가스를 공급하는 재기화 라인(L1)을 포함하며, 재기화 라인(L1)에는 재응축기(recondenser, 100)로부터 LNG를 공급받아 압축하는 고압 펌프(200)와, 고압 펌프(200)에서 압축된 LNG를 기화시키는 기화기(300)가 마련되어, 고압 펌프(200)와 기화기(300)를 거쳐 고압으로 재기화된 천연가스가 육상으로 공급된다(GS). The system shown in FIG. 2 is a system for treating evaporative gas generated in an LNG storage tank T of a ship or a marine structure. First, the system of this embodiment regenerates LNG stored in the LNG storage tank T, The regeneration line L1 includes a high pressure pump 200 that receives and compresses LNG from a recondenser 100 and a high pressure pump 200 that is compressed in the high pressure pump 200. [ A vaporizer 300 for vaporizing LNG is provided, and natural gas regenerated at a high pressure via a high-pressure pump 200 and a vaporizer 300 is supplied to the land (GS).

이때 본 실시예는 LNG 저장탱크(T)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 처리하기 위해, LNG 저장탱크(T)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 고압으로 압축하여 재기화 라인(L1)의 하류로 공급하는 고압압축 라인(L2)을 포함한다. In this case, in order to process the evaporated gas generated in the LNG storage tank T, the present embodiment compresses the evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank T to a high pressure and supplies the compressed gas to the high pressure And a line L2.

고압압축 라인(L2)에는 LNG 저장탱크(T)로부터 증발가스를 공급받아 고압으로 압축하는 고압 압축기(400)가 마련되어, 고압 압축기(400)에서 고압으로 압축된 증발가스는 재기화 라인(L1)의 기화기(300) 하류로 공급된다. The high pressure compression line L2 is provided with a high pressure compressor 400 which is supplied with the evaporation gas from the LNG storage tank T and compresses the high pressure compressed gas to a high pressure. Of the vaporizer 300 of FIG.

고압 압축기(400)에서는, 증발가스를 고압 펌프(200)와 기화기(300)를 거쳐 육상으로 공급되는 천연가스의 공급 압력만큼 압축할 수 있다. In the high pressure compressor (400), the evaporation gas can be compressed by the supply pressure of the natural gas supplied to the land via the high pressure pump (200) and the vaporizer (300).

이와 같이 증발가스를 직접 압축하여 LNG로부터 재기화된 천연가스와 함께 육상으로 공급하므로, 증발가스를 재액화시키기 위한 냉열을 공급하는 과냉각된 LNG의 양이 적을 때에도 많은 양의 증발가스를 효과적으로 처리할 수 있다. In this way, since the evaporation gas is directly compressed and supplied along with the regasified natural gas from the LNG to the land, even when the amount of the supercooled LNG supplying cold heat for re-liquefying the evaporated gas is small, .

또한 고압 압축기(400)에서 압축되면서 증발가스는 온도가 높아지므로, 이를 기화기(300) 하류로 공급하면 재기화된 천연가스를 추가로 가열할 수 있어 기화기(300)의 열원 필요량을 줄일 수 있다. Further, since the temperature of the evaporation gas is increased while being compressed by the high pressure compressor (400), the regenerated natural gas can be further heated by supplying it to the downstream of the evaporator (300), thereby reducing the heat source requirement of the evaporator (300).

한편, 본 실시예에서도 재기화 라인(L1)에는 LNG 저장탱크(T)로부터 과냉된 LNG를 공급받는 재응축기(100)가 마련되고, LNG 저장탱크(T)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 저압으로 압축하여 상기 재응축기(100)로 공급하는 저압응축 라인(L3)이 본 시스템에 포함되어, 재응축기(100)로 도입된 저압 압축된 증발가스와 과냉된 LNG와 열교환을 통해 응축될 수 있다. Also, in this embodiment, the re-condensation line L1 is provided with a recondenser 100 for receiving the subcooled LNG from the LNG storage tank T and compressing the evaporated gas generated in the LNG storage tank T to low pressure Pressure condensing line L3 to be supplied to the recondenser 100 is included in the present system and can be condensed through heat exchange with the low pressure compressed evaporated gas introduced into the recondenser 100 and the subcooled LNG.

저압응축 라인(L3)에는 LNG 저장탱크(T)로부터 증발가스를 공급받아 저압으로 압축하여 재응축기(100)로 공급하는 저압 압축기(500)가 마련되고, LNG 저장탱크(T)에는 LNG 공급 펌프(P)가 마련되어 LNG를 펌핑하여 과냉각 상태로 재응축기(100)로 공급한다.The low pressure condensing line L3 is provided with a low pressure compressor 500 which is supplied with evaporative gas from the LNG storage tank T and compresses the evaporated gas to a low pressure and supplies it to the recondenser 100. The LNG storage tank T is provided with an LNG supply pump (P) is provided, and the LNG is pumped and supplied to the recondenser (100) in a supercooled state.

고압압축 라인(L2)과 저압응축 라인(L3)을 통한 증발가스의 처리는 동시에 이루어질 수도 있고, 증발가스의 발생량 및 재기화될 LNG의 양 등에 따라 둘 중에 선택하여 이루어질 수도 있다. The treatment of the evaporation gas through the high-pressure compression line (L2) and the low-pressure condensation line (L3) may be performed at the same time or may be selected in accordance with the amount of evaporation gas generated and the amount of LNG to be regenerated.

예를 들어 재기화될 LNG의 양이 많아, 압축된 증발가스의 재응축을 위한 충분한 냉열을 공급할 수 있는 경우 저압응축 라인(L3)을 통해 증발가스를 재응축시켜 처리하고, 재기화될 LNG의 양이 적은 경우 고압압축 라인(L2)을 통해 증발가스를 압축하여 재기화된 천연가스와 함께 육상으로 직접 공급하도록 처리할 수 있다. For example, if the amount of LNG to be regasified is large enough to provide sufficient cold heat for recondensation of the compressed vaporized gas, the vaporized gas is recycled through the low pressure condensation line (L3) and treated, and the LNG to be regasified If the amount is small, the evaporation gas may be compressed through the high-pressure compression line (L2) and directly supplied to the land along with the regasified natural gas.

특히 기체 상태인 증발가스를 직접 고압으로 압축하는 고압 압축기(400)는 전력 소모가 클 수 있으므로, LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 저압으로 압축하여 재응축기(100)에서 재기화될 LNG와 혼합하여 과냉각된 LNG의 냉열로 재응축시켜 처리하면서, LNG의 냉열로 재응축되고 남는 증발가스는 고압 압축기(400)를 통해 압축하여 재기화 라인의 기화기 하류에 공급하여 천연가스와 함께 육상으로 공급하도록 처리하여 전력 소모를 줄이면서 효과적으로 증발가스를 처리할 수 있다. In particular, since the high-pressure compressor 400 that directly pressurizes the gaseous evaporation gas to a high pressure may have a large power consumption, the evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank is compressed to a low pressure and mixed with the LNG to be regenerated in the recondenser 100 The liquefied natural gas is re-condensed by the cooling of the supercooled LNG, and the evaporated gas, which is re-condensed by the cold heat of the LNG, is compressed through the high-pressure compressor 400 and supplied to the down stream of the re- It is possible to effectively treat the evaporated gas while reducing power consumption.

고압 펌프(300)와 고압압축 라인(L2)의 고압 압축기(400)에서의 압축 압력은 50 내지 100 bar, 저압응축 라인(L3)의 저압 압축기(500)에서의 압축 압력은 2 내지 10 bar일 수 있다. The compression pressure in the high pressure compressor 400 of the high pressure pump 300 and the high pressure compressor line L2 is 50 to 100 bar and the compression pressure in the low pressure compressor 500 of the low pressure condensation line L3 is 2 to 10 bar days .

고압압축 라인(L2) 및 저압응축 라인(L3)으로부터 압축된 증발가스를, 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 가스 엔진, GCU(Gas Combustion Unit), 보일러를 포함하는 가스 소비처(C1, C2, C3)로 공급하는 연료공급 라인(미도시)이 마련되어, 고압압축 라인(L2) 및 저압응축 라인(L3)을 통해 처리되고 남는 증발가스를 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 가스 소비처(C1, C2, C3)로 공급하여 처리할 수 있다. The evaporated gas compressed from the high pressure compression line (L2) and the low pressure condensation line (L3) is supplied to gas consuming parts (C1, C2, C3) including a gas engine of a ship or a marine structure, a gas combus- tion unit (GCU) C2 and C3 of the ship or the marine structure to supply the vaporized gas left and processed through the high-pressure compression line L2 and the low-pressure condensation line L3 to the gas consumption points C1, C2, can do.

이러한 가스 소비처(C1, C2, C3)는 예를 들어 DFDE(Dual Fuel Diesel Electric) 엔진, TFDE(Tri Fuel Diesel Electric) 엔진, ME-GI 엔진과 같은 가스 엔진일 수 있다.
These gas consumers C1, C2 and C3 may be gas engines such as, for example, a Dual Fuel Diesel Electric (DFDE) engine, a Tri Fuel Diesel Electric (TFDE) engine or an ME-GI engine.

이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이 본 실시예는, 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 LNG 저장탱크(T)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 처리하는 방법으로써, LNG 저장탱크(T)에 저장된 LNG를 재기화하여 천연가스를 육상으로 공급하면서, LNG 저장탱크(T)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 고압으로 압축하여 재기화된 천연가스와 함께 육상으로 공급하여 처리하게 된다.As described above, the present embodiment is a method of treating the evaporative gas generated in the LNG storage tank T of a ship or a marine structure by regenerating the LNG stored in the LNG storage tank T, The evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank T is compressed to a high pressure and supplied to the land along with the regenerated natural gas to be treated.

LNG 저장탱크(T)에서 발생하는 증발가스는 저압으로 압축하여, 재기화될 LNG와 혼합하여 재응축시킬 수도 있다.The evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank (T) may be compressed to low pressure and mixed with the LNG to be regasified and recycled.

이와 같은 처리 시스템을 통해 증발가스를 처리함으로써, 재기화될 LNG의 양이나 증발가스의 발생량이 변화할 때에도 효과적으로 다량의 증발가스를 처리할 수 있고, GCU 등에서 낭비되는 증발가스의 양을 줄일 수 있다. 또한 효과적인 증발가스 처리를 통해 저장탱크의 압력 상승을 방지하여, 저장탱크, 나아가 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 안전성을 확보할 수 있다.
By treating the evaporation gas through such a treatment system, even when the amount of LNG to be regasified or the amount of generated evaporation gas changes, a large amount of evaporated gas can be effectively treated and the amount of evaporated gas wasted in the GCU or the like can be reduced . In addition, it is possible to prevent the rise of the pressure of the storage tank through effective evaporative gas treatment, thereby securing the safety of the storage tank and further the ship or sea structure.

이와 같이 본 발명은 기재된 실시 예에 한정되는 것이 아니고, 본 발명의 사상 및 범위를 벗어나지 않고 다양하게 수정 및 변형할 수 있음은 이 기술의 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 자명하다. 따라서 그러한 수정 예 또는 변형 예들은 본 발명의 특허청구범위에 속한다 하여야 할 것이다.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, such modifications or variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

T: LNG 저장탱크
P: LNG 공급 펌프
L1: 재기화 라인
L2: 고압압축 라인
L3: 저압응축 라인
100: 재응축기
200: 고압 펌프
300: 기화기
400: 고압 압축기
500: 저압 압축기
C1, C2, C3: 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 가스 소비처T: LNG storage tank
P: LNG feed pump
L1: Regeneration line
L2: High pressure compression line
L3: Low pressure condensation line
100: Re-condenser
200: High pressure pump
300: vaporizer
400: High pressure compressor
500: Low pressure compressor
C1, C2, C3: Gas consumption of ship or offshore structure

Claims (10)

선박 또는 해상 구조물의 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스의 처리 시스템에 있어서,
상기 LNG 저장탱크에 저장된 LNG를 재기화하여 천연가스를 공급하는 재기화 라인;
상기 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 상기 증발가스를 고압으로 압축하여 상기 재기화 라인의 하류로 공급하는 고압압축 라인;
상기 고압압축 라인에 마련되어 상기 LNG 저장탱크로부터 상기 증발가스를 공급받아 고압으로 압축하는 고압 압축기;
상기 재기화 라인에 마련되어 상기 LNG 저장탱크로부터 과냉된 LNG를 공급받는 재응축기;
상기 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 상기 증발가스를 저압으로 압축하여 상기 재응축기로 공급하여 상기 과냉된 LNG와 열교환으로 응축시키는 저압응축 라인; 및
상기 저압응축 라인에 마련되며 상기 LNG 저장탱크로부터 상기 증발가스를 공급받아 저압으로 압축하여 상기 재응축기로 공급하는 저압 압축기;를 포함하는, 증발가스 처리 시스템. 1. A treatment system for an evaporative gas generated in an LNG storage tank of a ship or a marine structure,
A regasification line for regenerating the LNG stored in the LNG storage tank to supply natural gas;
A high pressure compression line for compressing the evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank to a high pressure and supplying the evaporation gas to the downstream of the regeneration line;
A high pressure compressor provided in the high pressure compression line for supplying the evaporation gas from the LNG storage tank and compressing the evaporated gas at a high pressure;
A re-condenser provided in the regasification line to receive sub-cooled LNG from the LNG storage tank;
A low pressure condensing line for compressing the evaporation gas generated in the LNG storage tank to a low pressure and supplying the condensed gas to the recondenser and performing heat exchange with the subcooled LNG; And
And a low-pressure compressor provided in the low-pressure condensing line for supplying the evaporation gas from the LNG storage tank to the low-pressure compressor and supplying the compressed gas to the re-condenser. 삭제delete 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 재기화 라인에 마련되어 재응축기로부터 LNG를 공급받아 압축하는 고압 펌프; 및
상기 재기화 라인에 마련되어 상기 고압 펌프에서 압축된 LNG를 기화시키는 기화기를 더 포함하는 증발가스 처리 시스템. The method according to claim 1,
A high pressure pump provided in the regasification line for supplying and compressing LNG from the recondenser; And
Further comprising a vaporizer disposed in said regasification line for vaporizing compressed LNG in said high pressure pump. 제 3항에 있어서,
상기 고압 압축기에서 고압으로 압축된 상기 증발가스는 상기 재기화 라인에서 상기 기화기의 하류로 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증발가스 처리 시스템. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the vaporized gas compressed at high pressure in the high pressure compressor is fed downstream of the vaporizer in the regasification line. 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 LNG 저장탱크에 마련되어 LNG를 펌핑하여 과냉각 상태로 상기 재응축기로 공급하는 LNG 공급 펌프를 더 포함하는 증발가스 처리 시스템. The method according to claim 1,
And an LNG supply pump provided in the LNG storage tank for supplying LNG to the recondenser in a supercooled state by pumping LNG. 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 고압압축 라인 및 저압응축 라인으로부터 압축된 증발가스를, 상기 선박 또는 해상 구조물의 가스 엔진, GCU(Gas Combustion Unit), 보일러를 포함하는 가스 소비처로 공급하는 연료공급 라인을 더 포함하는 증발가스 처리 시스템. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a fuel supply line for supplying the evaporated gas compressed from the high pressure compression line and the low pressure condensation line to a gas consumption source including a gas engine, a gas combustion unit (GCU), and a boiler of the ship or the sea structure system. 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 선박 또는 해상 구조물은 LNG를 재기화하여 육상으로 천연가스를 공급하는 LNG-RV(Regasification Vessel) 및 LNG-FSRU(Floating Storage Regasification Unit)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증발가스 처리 시스템. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the ship or the sea structure includes an LNG-RV (Regasification Vessel) and an LNG-FSRU (Floating Storage Regulation Unit) for regenerating LNG to supply natural gas to the land. 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
KR1020140021094A 2014-02-24 2014-02-24 BOG Treatment System And Method KR101788749B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020140021094A KR101788749B1 (en) 2014-02-24 2014-02-24 BOG Treatment System And Method
JP2016553528A JP6366727B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2015-02-16 Evaporative gas treatment system and method
PCT/KR2015/001546 WO2015126119A1 (en) 2014-02-24 2015-02-16 System and method for processing boil-off gas
SG11201607024RA SG11201607024RA (en) 2014-02-24 2015-02-16 System and method for processing boil-off gas
CN201580010000.2A CN106029490B (en) 2014-02-24 2015-02-16 System and method for handling boil-off gas

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SG11201607024RA (en) 2016-10-28
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