KR101780592B1 - location estimation method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to wireless communication and, more specifically, relates to a method and a device to estimate the position of a terminal. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a position estimating system includes: a position measurement server; a plurality of access points (AP) communicating with the position measurement server; and a terminal performing near field communication with the APs. The position measurement server determines at least one first AP, which has higher fixability than the preset level, among the APs. If the terminal is a first terminal, which performs transmission or reception through near field communication, the server estimates the position of the first terminal by using the intensity of the signal received from the first AP while the first terminal is not being connected with the APs. If the terminal is a second terminal, which has to perform only transmission through near field communication, the signals intensity information, received from the second terminal, is transmitted to the position measurement server while the APs are not being connected with the second terminal, and then, the server estimates the position of the second terminal by using the intensity information of the signal delivered through the first AP.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a location estimation method and device,

The present invention relates to wireless communication, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for estimating the position of a terminal. More specifically, the present invention uses an access point (AP) having a high security level or an access point (AP) having a signal strength value greater than or equal to a reference value to transmit / receive data to / from an access point And more particularly, to a method and apparatus for estimating a position of a terminal based on the strength of a signal.

Recently, the data transmission amount of the wireless communication network is rapidly increasing. This is due to the advent and spread of various devices such as machine-to-machine (M2M) communications and smart phones and tablet PCs that require high data throughput.

A carrier aggregation (CA) technique, a cognitive radio technique, and the like that efficiently use more frequency bands in order to satisfy a required high data transmission amount, a multi-antenna technique for increasing data capacity within a limited frequency, And base station cooperative transmission technology.

In addition, as the ubiquitous environment comes into the market, there is a rapid increase in the demand for providing continuous service without regard to time and place by using the equipment.

Accordingly, a plurality of terminals communicating with each other through a base station establish a cooperative system, and the wireless communication network evolves in a direction that at least one terminal cooperates to transmit or receive data according to a communication environment.

Here, a plurality of terminals are connected to other terminals in a wireless communication system, and a source device and a source device, which are subjects to communicate with a base station with the help of other terminals, Cooperative devices that act as intermediaries to provide feedback and cooperative devices other than Source Devices that do not act as cooperative devices.

A wireless communication system with high density terminals can exhibit higher system performance by cooperation between terminals. For example, in the case of transmitting predetermined data to a base station, a source device can transmit the data together with a cooperative device. Also, the source device may transmit the data through a cooperative device. The above-described example can be equally applied to a case where a base station transmits data to a terminal, thereby achieving much better system performance. Hereinafter, a wireless communication system including a plurality of terminals having a cooperative system is referred to as a Multi Radio Access Technology (RAT) system.

A multi-radio access system can perform communication by using a single communication method or using a plurality of communication methods at the same time.

Here, Wi-Fi (Wi-Fi), which is a type of short-distance wireless communication, can be applied to a multi-radio access system.

Wi-Fi (Wi-Fi) is an abbreviation of Wireless Fidelity. It is a wireless LAN (WLAN) .

A location based service (LBS) for calculating location information of a user device through the short-range wireless communication can be utilized.

Location aware applications such as augmented reality, medical care, home networks, monitoring applications are gaining popularity.

In order to provide the location-based service, the location of the user requesting the service must be accurately positioned. Accurate positioning enables an unattended system that can help them find and share information on their own via wireless sensor networks.

Position location can be calculated using cosine law, coordinate rotation, trilateration, and so on.

However, in order to perform positioning using Wi-Fi, it is necessary to be connected to a wireless access point (AP) or a wireless access point (AP) However, there are problems such as difficulty in positioning in case of supporting only the method. Therefore, there is a need for a solution to this problem.

Korean Intellectual Property Office Publication No. 10-1544315

The present invention relates to wireless communication, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for estimating the position of a terminal. More specifically, the present invention uses an access point (AP) having a high security level or an access point (AP) having a signal strength value greater than or equal to a reference value to transmit / receive data to / from an access point And a method and an apparatus for estimating a position of a terminal based on the strength of a signal.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. It can be understood.

According to an aspect of the present invention, A plurality of APs (Access Points) communicating with the location server; And a terminal for short-distance communication with the plurality of APs, wherein the position location server determines at least one first AP among the plurality of APs, the first AP having a higher fixability than a predetermined reference, The method of claim 1, wherein if the terminal is a first terminal receiving or transmitting / receiving through the short-range communication, the first terminal uses the strength of a signal received from the first AP, The method comprising the steps of: estimating a position of a first terminal and, when the terminal is a second terminal that transmits only through the short-range communication, the plurality of APs are not connected to the second terminal, To the location location server, and the location location server transmits the strength information of the second terminal to the location server using the strength information of the signal received via the first AP, Can be estimated.

The first terminal further estimates the location of the first terminal by using the location information of the first AP, and the location server additionally uses the location information of the first AP, Can be estimated.

In addition, the location server determines a location of a second AP adjacent to the first AP based on a location of the first AP among the plurality of APs, and the first terminal determines location information of the second AP The position location server estimates the location of the first terminal by additionally using the location information of the second AP.

Also, the terminal determines a third AP that is equal to or greater than a preset signal strength value of the first AP to communicate with, and the first terminal uses the strength of the signal received from the third AP to determine the position of the first terminal And the location server can estimate the location of the second terminal using the strength information of the signal received through the third AP.

In addition, the location server determines a third AP that is equal to or greater than a preset signal strength value of the first AP to communicate with, and the first terminal uses the strength of the signal received from the third AP to determine And the location server can estimate the location of the second terminal using the strength information of the signal received through the third AP.

In addition, the terminal or the location server may determine the third AP by additionally using a distance between the terminal or the location server and the first AP.

The local area communication may use at least one of Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), Bluetooth, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), IrDA, Ultra Wideband (UWB) .

The first terminal and the position location server may estimate the position of the first terminal or the second terminal by using the trilateration method and may determine the position of the signal received from the plurality of APs used by the first terminal and the position location server The intensity of the signal received from the second terminal or the intensity may be three or more.

In addition, when the terminal includes a first terminal and a second terminal, a method of estimating a position of the first terminal using the strength of a signal received from the plurality of APs, And estimating the position of the second terminal using the strength information of the signal received from the second terminal.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a positioning server, A plurality of APs (Access Points) communicating with the location server; And a terminal for communicating with the plurality of APs in a short distance, the method comprising the steps of: (a) receiving, by the positioning server, at least one of the plurality of APs, 1 AP, and when the terminal is a first terminal receiving or transmitting / receiving through the short-range communication, the first terminal is not connected to the plurality of APs, Estimating a position of the first terminal based on a strength of a signal, and when the terminal is a second terminal transmitting only through the short-range communication, the plurality of APs are not connected to the second terminal, The position location server transmits the strength information of the signal received from the second terminal to the location location server, It can use the information to estimate the position of the second terminal.

The present invention uses an access point (AP) having a high security level or an access point (AP) having a signal strength value equal to or higher than a reference value to determine the strength of a signal transmitted / received by the terminal without being connected to an Access Point (AP) A method and an apparatus for estimating a position of a terminal based on the received signal.

It should be understood, however, that the effects obtained by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs It will be possible.

1 is a diagram showing an exemplary structure of an IEEE 802.11 system.
2 is a diagram illustrating a Wi-Fi Direct network.
3 is a diagram illustrating a process of configuring a Wi-Fi Direct network.
4 is a diagram for explaining a neighborhood discovery process.
5 is a diagram for explaining a new aspect of a Wi-Fi Direct network.
6 is a diagram for explaining a method of setting a link for Wi-Fi Direct communication.
7 is a diagram for explaining a method of associating with a communication group having Wi-Fi Direct.
8 is a diagram for explaining a method of setting a link for Wi-Fi Direct communication.
9 is a diagram for explaining a method of setting a link participating in a Wi-Fi Direct communication group.
10 is a diagram for explaining a WFDS framework component.
11 is a diagram for explaining the WFDS operation.
12 is a diagram for explaining an ASP session setup sequence in the WFDS.
13 is a block diagram for explaining a terminal that can be applied to the present invention.
FIG. 14 shows an example of a system for estimating the position of a terminal according to the present invention.
15 is a diagram for explaining a method of estimating a position of a mobile station by applying an active scheme.
16 is a diagram for explaining a method of estimating a position of a mobile station by applying an active scheme.
17 is a diagram for explaining a method of estimating a position by selectively using an active scheme and a passive scheme proposed by the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a view for explaining a method of estimating a position selectively using the active scheme and the passive scheme illustrated in FIG. 17, in a different manner.
FIG. 19 is a flowchart for explaining a process of estimating a position of a mobile station using an AP with high stability, according to the present invention.
20 is a flowchart for explaining a process of determining a current location of a neighboring AP using an AP having a high fixability and estimating a location of the terminal using the obtained information.
FIG. 21 is a flowchart for explaining a process of estimating a position of a mobile station using an AP having a signal strength value equal to or greater than a preset reference based on a mobile station.
22 is a flowchart for explaining a process of estimating a position of a mobile station using an AP having a signal strength value equal to or greater than a predetermined reference based on a location location server.
23 is a diagram for explaining a technique of weighting reliability by dividing signal intensity values into sections according to the present invention with reference to FIG. 21 and FIG.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following detailed description, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. The following detailed description includes specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.

The following embodiments are a combination of elements and features of the present invention in a predetermined form. Each component or characteristic may be considered optional unless otherwise expressly stated. Each component or feature may be implemented in a form that is not combined with other components or features. In addition, some of the elements and / or features may be combined to form an embodiment of the present invention. The order of the operations described in the embodiments of the present invention may be changed. Some configurations or features of certain embodiments may be included in other embodiments, or may be replaced with corresponding configurations or features of other embodiments.

The specific terminology used in the following description is provided to aid understanding of the present invention, and the use of such specific terminology may be changed into other forms without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

In some instances, well-known structures and devices are omitted or shown in block diagram form around the core functions of each structure and device in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present invention. In the following description, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

Embodiments of the present invention may be supported by standard documents disclosed in at least one of the IEEE 802 systems, 3GPP systems, 3GPP LTE and LTE-A (LTE Advanced) systems and 3GPP2 systems, which are wireless access systems. That is, the steps or portions of the embodiments of the present invention that are not described in order to clearly illustrate the technical idea of the present invention can be supported by the documents. In addition, all terms disclosed in this document may be described by the standard document.

The following description will be made on the assumption that the present invention is applicable to a CDMA system such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access And can be used in various radio access systems. CDMA may be implemented in radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. The TDMA may be implemented in a wireless technology such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA may be implemented in wireless technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, and Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). For clarity, the following description will focus on the IEEE 802.11 system, but the technical idea of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Structure of WLAN system

1 is a diagram showing an exemplary structure of an IEEE 802.11 system to which the present invention can be applied.

The IEEE 802.11 architecture can be composed of a plurality of components, and their interaction can provide a WLAN that supports STA mobility that is transparent to the upper layer. A Basic Service Set (BSS) may correspond to a basic building block in an IEEE 802.11 WLAN. In FIG. 1, two BSSs (BSS1 and BSS2) exist and two STAs are included as members of each BSS (STA1 and STA2 are included in BSS1, and STA3 and STA4 are included in BSS2) do. In Fig. 1, an ellipse representing a BSS may be understood as indicating a coverage area in which STAs included in the corresponding BSS maintain communication. This area can be referred to as a BSA (Basic Service Area).

If the STA moves out of the BSA, it will not be able to communicate directly with other STAs in the BSA.

The most basic type of BSS in an IEEE 802.11 WLAN is an independent BSS (IBSS). For example, an IBSS may have a minimal form consisting of only two STAs. Also, the BSS (BSS1 or BSS2) of FIG. 1, which is the simplest form and the other components are omitted, may be a representative example of the IBSS. This configuration is possible when STAs can communicate directly. Also, this type of WLAN is not configured in advance, but may be configured when a WLAN is needed, which may also be referred to as an ad-hoc network.

The STA's membership in the BSS can be changed dynamically, such as by turning the STA on or off, by the STA entering or leaving the BSS region, and so on. In order to become a member of the BSS, the STA can join the BSS using the synchronization process. In order to access all services of the BSS infrastructure, the STA must be associated with the BSS. This association may be set dynamically and may include the use of a Distribution System Service (DSS).

1, components such as a distribution system (DS), a distribution system medium (DSM), an access point (AP), and the like are illustrated.

The distance of the station-to-station directly from the WLAN can be limited by the PHY performance. In some cases, the limits of such distances may be sufficient, but in some cases communication between stations at greater distances may be required.

A distribution system (DS) can be configured to support extended coverage.

DS means a structure in which BSSs are interconnected. Specifically, instead of the BSSs existing independently as shown in FIG. 1, there may be a BSS as an extended type component of a network composed of a plurality of BSSs.

DS is a logical concept and can be specified by the characteristics of the distribution system medium (DSM). In this regard, the IEEE 802.11 standard logically distinguishes between a wireless medium (WM) and a distribution system medium (DSM). Each logical medium is used for different purposes and is used by different components. In the definition of the IEEE 802.11 standard, these media are not limited to the same or different. In this way, the flexibility of an IEEE 802.11 WLAN architecture (DS structure or other network architecture) can be described in that a plurality of media are logically different. That is, the IEEE 802.11 WLAN structure can be variously implemented, and the WLAN structure can be specified independently according to the physical characteristics of each implementation.

The DS can support mobile devices by providing seamless integration of a plurality of BSSs and providing the logical services needed to address addresses to destinations.

An AP is an entity that enables access to the DS through WM for the associated STAs and has STA functionality. Data movement between the BSS and the DS can be performed through the AP. For example, STA2 and STA3 shown in FIG. 1 have a function of STA and provide a function to allow the associated STAs (STA1 and STA4) to access the DS. Also, since all APs are basically STAs, all APs are addressable entities. The address used by the AP for communication on the WM and the address used by the AP for communication on the DSM do not necessarily have to be the same.

Data transmitted from one of the STAs associated with the AP to the STA address of that AP is always received at the uncontrolled port and can be processed by the IEEE 802.1X port access entity. Also, when the controlled port is authenticated, the transmission data (or frame) may be delivered to the DS.

Hierarchy

The operation of the STA operating in the wireless LAN system can be described in terms of the layer structure. In terms of device configuration, the hierarchy can be implemented by a processor. The STA may have a plurality of hierarchical structures. For example, the hierarchical structure covered in the 802.11 standard document is mainly a MAC sublayer and a physical (PHY) layer on a DLL (Data Link Layer). The PHY may include a Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) entity, a PMD (Physical Medium Dependent) entity, and the like. The MAC sublayer and the PHY conceptually include management entities called a MAC sublayer management entity (MLME) and a physical layer management entity (PLME), respectively. These entities provide a layer management service interface in which a layer management function operates .

In order to provide correct MAC operation, a Station Management Entity (SME) exists in each STA. An SME is a layer-independent entity that may be present in a separate management plane or may appear to be off-the-side. Although the exact functions of the SME are not described in detail in this document, they generally include the ability to collect layer-dependent states from various Layer Management Entities (LMEs) and to set similar values for layer-specific parameters It can be seen as responsible. An SME typically performs these functions on behalf of a generic system management entity and can implement a standard management protocol.

The aforementioned entities interact in various ways. For example, they can interact by exchanging GET / SET primitives between entities. A primitive is a set of elements or parameters related to a particular purpose. The XX-GET.request primitive is used to request the value of a given MIB attribute. The XX-GET.confirm primitive returns the appropriate MIB attribute information value if the Status is "Success", otherwise it is used to return an error indication in the Status field. The XX-SET.request primitive is used to request that the indicated MIB attribute be set to the given value. If the MIB attribute indicates a specific operation, it is requested that the corresponding operation be performed. The XX-SET.confirm primitive confirms that the indicated MIB attribute is set to the requested value if the status is "success", otherwise it is used to return an error condition to the status field. If the MIB attribute indicates a specific operation, this confirms that the corresponding operation has been performed.

In addition, MLME and SME can exchange various MLME_GET / SET primitives through MLME_SAP (Service Access Point). In addition, various PLME_GET / SET primitives can be exchanged between PLME and SME through PLME_SAP and exchanged between MLME and PLME through MLME-PLME_SAP.

Evolution of WLAN

The standard for wireless LAN (WLAN) technology is being developed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 group. IEEE 802.11a and b utilize an unlicensed band at 2.4.GHz or 5GHz, IEEE 802.11b provides a transmission rate of 11 Mbps, and IEEE 802.11a provides a transmission rate of 54 Mbps. IEEE 802.11g employs Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) at 2.4 GHz to provide a transmission rate of 54 Mbps. IEEE 802.11n adopts MIMOOFDM (Multiple Input Multiple Output (OFDM)) to provide a transmission rate of 300Mbps. IEEE 802.11n supports channel bandwidth up to 40 MHz, which in this case provides a transmission rate of 600 Mbps.

The Direct Link Setup (DLS) related protocol in the wireless LAN environment according to IEEE 802.11e is premised on the QBSS (Quality BSS) supporting the QoS (Quality of Service) by the BSS (Basic Service Set). QBSS is a QAP (Quality AP) that supports QoS as well as non-AP STAs. However, in a wireless LAN environment (for example, a wireless LAN environment based on IEEE 802.11a / b / g or the like) that is currently in commercial use, even if the non-AP STA supports QSTA (Quality STA) Most legacy APs do not. As a result, there is a limitation that the DLS service can not be used even in the QSTA in the currently commercialized wireless LAN environment.

Tunneled Direct Link Setup (TDLS) is a newly proposed wireless communication protocol to overcome this limitation. Although TDLS does not support QoS, QSTA can set direct link in wireless LAN environment such as IEEE 802.11a / b / g, which is currently commercialized, and direct link can be set in Power Save Mode (PSM). . Therefore, TDLS defines a procedure for enabling QSTAs to establish a direct link in a BSS managed by a legacy AP. In the following, a TDLS wireless network is referred to as a TDLS wireless network.

WiFi Direct Network

Conventional wireless LANs have mainly dealt with the operation of an infrastructure BSS in which a wireless access point (AP) functions as a hub. The AP is responsible for physical layer support for wireless / wired connections, routing capabilities for devices on the network, and provision of services to add / remove devices to the network. In this case, the devices in the network are connected through the AP, and not directly connected to each other.

The establishment of a Wi-Fi Direct standard as a technology to support direct connection between devices is being discussed.

Figure 2 illustrates a Wi-Fi Direct network. The Wi-Fi Direct network allows device-to-device (D2D) (or peer-to-peer) communication with Wi-Fi devices without having to join the home network, office network and hotspot network. It was proposed by the Wi-Fi Alliance as a network to perform. Hereinafter, Wi-Fi Direct-based communication is referred to as WFD D2D communication (simply, D2D communication) or WFD P2P communication (simply P2P communication). Also, the WFD P2P performing device is referred to as a WFD P2P device, simply a P2P device.

Referring to FIG. 2, the WFD network 200 may include at least one Wi-Fi device that includes a first WFD device 202 and a second WFD device 204. WFD devices include Wi-Fi enabled devices such as display devices, printers, digital cameras, projectors, and smart phones. The WFD device also includes a Non-AP STA and an AP STA. In the illustrated example, the first WFD device 202 is a cellular phone and the second WFD device 204 is a display device. WFD devices in a WFD network can be directly connected to each other. Specifically, P2P communication is a method in which a signal transmission path between two WFD devices is directly connected to a corresponding WFD device without going through a third device (e.g., AP) or an existing network (e.g., Can be set. Here, the signal transmission path directly established between the two WFD devices may be limited to the data transmission path. For example, P2P communication may mean that a plurality of non-STAs transmit data (e.g., voice / video / text information, etc.) without going through the AP. The signal transmission path for the control information (e.g., resource allocation information for the P2P setting, wireless device identification information, etc.) is transmitted to the WFD devices (e.g., Non-AP STA- (E.g., Non-AP STA-to-Non-AP STA) via the AP or directly between the AP and the corresponding WFD device (e.g., AP- Non-AP STA # 1, AP-to-Non-AP STA # 2).

3 is a diagram for explaining a process of configuring a WFD network.

Referring to FIG. 3, the WFD network configuration process can be divided into two processes. The first process is a Neighbor Discovery (ND) procedure (S302a), and the second process is a P2P link setting and communication process (S304). Through the neighbor discovery process, the WFD device (e.g., 202 in FIG. 2) locates another neighboring WFD device (e.g., 204 in FIG. 2) within its (wireless) ), For example, information necessary for pre-association. Here, the pre-association may refer to a second layer pre-association in the wireless protocol.

The information required for the pre-association may include, for example, identification information for neighboring WFD devices, and the like. The neighbor discovery process may be performed for each available radio channel (S302b). The WFD device 202 may then perform a process for establishing / communicating with the WFD P2P link with another WFD device 204. For example, after the WFD device 202 is associated with the peripheral WFD device 204, it may determine that the WFD device 204 is a WFD device that does not meet the user's service requirements. To this end, the WFD device 202 may retrieve the corresponding WFD device 204 after the second layer pre-association with the neighboring WFD device 204. If the WFD device 204 does not meet the user's service requirements, the WFD device 202 disconnects the second-tier association established for that WFD device 204 and associates the second-tier association with another WFD device 204 Can be set. On the other hand, if the WFD device 204 satisfies the service requirements of the user, the two WFD devices 202 and 204 can send and receive signals over the P2P link.

4 is a diagram for explaining a neighborhood discovery process. The example of FIG. 4 can be understood as an operation between the WFD device 202 and the WFD device 204 in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 4, the neighbor discovery process of FIG. 3 may be initiated by an instruction of a station management entity (SME) / application / user / vendor (S410), and a scan phase (S412) find phase (S414-S416). The scanning step S412 includes an operation to scan according to the 802.11 scheme for all available radio channels. This allows the P2P device to identify the best operating channel. The search steps S414 to S416 include a listen state S414 and a search state S416 and the P2P device repeats the listening state S414 and the search state S416 alternately.

The P2P devices 202 and 204 perform an active search using a probe request frame in a search state S416 and search ranges for channels 1, 6 and 11 (for example, 2412 , 2437, and 2462 MHz). In addition, the P2P devices 202 and 204 select only one of the three social channels in the listening state (S414) and keep them in the reception state. At this time, when a probe request frame transmitted from another P2P device (e.g., 202) in the search state is received, the P2P device (e.g., 204) responds with a probe response frame. The listening state (S414) time may be given at random (e.g., 100, 200, 300 TU (Time Unit)). The peer-to-peer device can continue to search and receive mode and reach each other's common channel. A P2P device can discover / exchange a device type, manufacturer, or friendly device name using a probe request frame and a probe response frame to selectively associate with other P2P devices after discovering another P2P device. If the neighboring P2P device is found through the neighbor discovery process and the necessary information is obtained, the P2P device (e.g., 202) may notify the SME / application / user / vendor of the P2P device discovery (S418).

At present, P2P is mainly used for semi-static communication such as remote printing, photo sharing and the like.

However, due to the widespread use of Wi-Fi devices and location-based services, the availability of P2P is getting wider. For example, if a social chat (e.g., a wireless device subscribed to a Social Network Service (SNS) is aware of a nearby wireless device based on location based services and sends and receives information), location- Based news broadcasting, and interworking between wireless devices. For convenience, this P2P application is called a new P2P application.

5 is a diagram for explaining a new aspect of a WFD network.

The example of FIG. 5 can be understood as a WFD network aspect when a new P2P application (e.g., social chat, location-based service provision, game interworking, etc.) is applied.

5, a number of P2P devices 502a-502d perform P2P communication 510 in a WFD network, and the P2P device (s) constituting the WFD network by movement of the P2P device are changed occasionally, The WFD network itself may be newly created or destroyed in a dynamic / short time fashion. Thus, the feature of the new P2P application part is that in a dense network environment, a large number of P2P devices can perform dynamic / short-time P2P communication and can be terminated.

6 is a diagram for explaining a method of setting a link for WFD communication.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the first STA 610 (hereinafter referred to as A) is operating as a group owner in the existing WFD communication. If A 610 finds a second STA 620 (hereinafter referred to as B) that is not a WFD communication, which is a target of a new WFD communication, during communication with the group client 630 of the existing WFD communication, 610) attempts to establish a link with B (620). In this case, the new WFD communication is WFD communication between A (610) and B (620), and since A is a group owner, communication setup can be performed separately from communication of existing group client 630. Since one WFD group can be composed of one group owner and one or more group clients, one group owner A (610) is satisfied, so that a WFD link can be established as shown in FIG. 6B . In this case, A (610) invites B (620) to an existing WFD communication group, and A (610), B (620), A (610) WFD communication between B 620 and existing group client 630 may not be supported. If the Intra-BSS option is enabled (or set to On) in the P2P group capability of Wi-Fi Direct, the WFD direct communication between the B 620 and the existing group client 630 (i.e., Wi-Fi Direct Direct communication between the clusters within the BSS) may be possible.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a method of associating with a communication group performing WFD.

7A, the first STA 710 (hereinafter referred to as A) is communicating as a group owner to the group client 730 and the second STA 720 (hereinafter referred to as B) Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 740 < / RTI > As shown in FIG. 7B, A 710 may terminate an existing WFD communication and may associate with a WFD communication group to which B 720 belongs. A 710 is a group client of B since B 720 is a group owner. A 710 preferably terminates the existing WFD communication before requesting an association with B 720.

8 is a diagram for explaining a method of setting a link for WFD communication.

As shown in FIG. 8A, the second STA 820 (hereinafter referred to as B) is operating as a group owner in the existing WFD communication. A first STA 810 (hereinafter referred to as A) that is not performing WFD communication, which has found B 820 when it is in WFD communication with the group client 830 in the existing WFD communication, Attempt to establish a link for WFD communication. In this case, if B 820 accepts the link establishment, a new WFD communication link between A 810 and B 820 is established and A 810 operates as a client of the WFD group of existing B 820 do. In this case, A (810) is associated with the WFD communication group of B (820). A 810 may only WFD communicate with group owner B 820 and WFD communication between A 810 and a client 830 of existing WFD communication may not be supported. If the Intra-BSS option is enabled (or set to On) in the P2P group capability of Wi-Fi Direct, WFD direct communication (i.e., Wi-Fi connection) between A (810) and the client 830 of existing WFD communication Fi Direct BSS) may be possible.

9 is a diagram for explaining a method of setting a link participating in a WFD communication group.

As shown in FIG. 9A, the first STA 910 (hereinafter referred to as A) is in WFD communication as a group client to the group owner 930. At this time, A (910) found a second STA 920 (hereinafter referred to as B) in communication with the group client 940 of another WFD communication as a group owner terminates the link with the group owner 930 termination) and participate in the WFD of B (920).

WiFi Direct Service (WFDS)

Wi-Fi Direct is a network connectivity standard that defines the behavior of the link layer. Because there is no defined standard for applications running on the upper layers of a link configured by Wi-Fi Direct, it has been difficult to support compatibility when Wi-Fi Direct enabled devices are connected after they are connected. To address this problem, standardization of the behavior of higher layer applications called WiFi Direct Service (WFDS) is being discussed in the WiFi Alliance (WFA).

10 is a diagram for explaining a WFDS framework component.

The Wi-Fi Direct layer in FIG. 10 means a MAC layer defined by the Wi-Fi Direct standard. The Wi-Fi Direct layer can be configured as software compatible with the Wi-Fi Direct standard. Under the Wi-Fi Direct layer, a wireless connection can be configured by a physical layer (not shown) compatible with the Wi-Fi PHY. A platform called ASP (Application Service Platform) is defined above the Wi-Fi Direct layer.

ASP is a common shared platform, and it performs session management, command processing of services, control and security functions between ASPs, between the upper application layer and the underlying Wi-Fi Direct layer. do.

In the upper part of the ASP, a service layer is defined. The service layer includes use case specific services.

The WFA defines four basic services: Send, Play, Display, and Print. In addition, the Enable API (Application Program Interface) is defined to enable the ASP common platform to be used when supporting third party applications in addition to the basic service.

FIG. 10 shows a service, such as Send, Play, Display, Print, or a service defined by a third party application, as an example of a service, but the scope of application of the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the term "service" in this document refers to a service such as a Wi-Fi Serial Bus (WSB), a Wi-Fi Docking (Wi- Fi Docking), or a service for supporting a Neighbor Awareness Network (NAN).

Send refers to services and applications that can perform file transfers between two WFDS devices.

Play refers to services and applications that share or stream audio / video (A / V), pictures, music, etc., based on DLNA (Digital Living Network Alliance) between two WFDS devices. Print refers to services and applications that enable documents and photos to be output between devices and printers that have contents such as documents, pictures, and so on. Display refers to services and applications that enable screen sharing between WFA Miracast source and sink.

The application layer can provide a user interface (UI), perform functions such as expressing information in a human-recognizable form, and transmitting user's input to a lower layer.

11 is a diagram for explaining the WFDS operation.

It is assumed that there are two peer devices A and B in Fig.

An ASP is a logical entity that implements the common functions required by services. These functions may include device discovery, service discovery, ASP-session management, connection topology management, security, and the like.

The ASP-session is a logical link between the ASP of device A and the ASP of device B. Peer-to-peer connections between peer devices are required to start an ASP-session. An ASP can set up a plurality of ASP-sessions between two devices. Each ASP-session can be identified by the session identifier assigned by the ASP requesting the ASP-session.

A service is a logical entity that provides usage-specific functions using an ASP to other services or applications. A service of one device may communicate with a corresponding service of one or more other devices using a service-specific protocol (which may be defined by service standards and ASP protocols).

The interface between an ASP and a service is defined by a method and an event. The method indicates an operation initiated by the service, and the parameter (or field) of the method may include information about an operation to be performed.

Event provides information from ASP to service.

When a user wishes to use service X between device A and device B, ASPs on each device create an ASP-session dedicated to service X between the devices. If the user subsequently wants to use the service Y, a new ASP-session for that service is established.

12 is a diagram for explaining an ASP session setup sequence in the WFDS.

In WFDS, in defining the behavior between two peer devices, some of them can act as service advertisers and others can act as service seekers. The service seeker may discover the service advertiser (s), and if the service seeker finds the desired service, the service seeker may request a connection with the service advertiser. In the example of FIG. 12, the device A serves as a service advertiser, and the device B serves as a service seeker.

12, a specific service of a WFDS device searches for another WFDS device and service, requests a service, establishes a Wi-Fi Direct connection, and performs an operation of the application .

In FIG. 12, the device A advertises its own service and can wait for another device to find the service. The ASP of device A may respond to other devices based on the information contained in the Advertisement () method provided from the Service layer.

Device B is the device that wants to find and start the service. The device B performs a process of searching for a device supporting the service according to a request from a higher application or a user. The service layer of the device B can receive the information indicating the intention to use the service from the application layer and transmit the information to the ASP including the information required by the SeekService () method.

Accordingly, the ASP of the apparatus B can transmit a probe request frame to another apparatus. At this time, a service request frame includes a service name of a service that the user wants to find or a service that can be supported by the probe request frame.

The device A receiving the probe request frame may attempt hash matching and may transmit a probe response frame to the device B if the service corresponding to the hash value is supported. In the probe response frame, a service name (Service Name), an advertisement ID value, and the like may be included.

The process of exchanging the probe request / response frame may be referred to as a device search process in which devices A and B are devices supporting WFDS and knowing what services they support.

In addition, devices A and B can send and receive information about a specific service through the P2P service discovery process. For example, information such as a service name (a plurality of service names when searching for support for a plurality of services) and a service information request may be transmitted from the device B to the device A via the service discovery request message. On the contrary, the device A performs service information matching and can notify the device B that the service can be provided if it is matched. For example, the service discovery response message may include information such as a service name, an advertisements ID, and a service status. The service status information is information indicating whether the service requested from the remote device is available on the service advertiser side. This service discovery process can be performed using a Generic Advertisement Protocol (GAS) defined in the IEEE 802.11u system.

The ASP of the device B can notify the application and the user of the result (i.e., SearchResult) through the service when the operation requested by the SeekService () method requested by the Service layer is completed.

Until this point, a group of Wi-Fi Direct is not formed, and a P2P group formation is performed when a user selects a service and the service performs a session connection (i.e., ConnectSession). At this time, the session information and the connection capability information are exchanged through the provision discovery request and the provision discovery response.

The session information is hint information indicating approximate information of the service requested by the device requesting the service. The session information is information that allows the other party to decide accept / reject for a service request by informing, for example, the number and size of files when requesting a file transfer service. The connection capability can be used as information for creating a group in the process of group owner negotiation and P2P invitation.

When the device B delivers the provision discovery request message to the device A, the ASP of the device A delivers a session request (SessionRequest) including the service information to the service layer, and the service layer delivers the service information to the application / user . When the application / user decides to accept the session based on the session information, ConfirmService () is sent to the ASP through the service layer.

Meanwhile, the ASP of the device A forwards the provision discovery response message to the device B, and its status information may be set to deferred. This is to indicate that the service is not accepted immediately, and to indicate that the user is waiting for input. Thus, the ASP of device B may notify the service request that it has been deferred by passing the ConectStatus event to the service layer.

When the ASP of the device A receives the ConfirmService (), a follow-on provision discovery process can be performed. That is, the device A can deliver the provision discovery request message to the device B. This can be called a follow-on provisioning discovery process. This message may include service information with information indicating that the status for the service is success. Accordingly, the ASP of the device B may notify the service request that the service request has been accepted by transmitting the ConectStatus event to the service layer. In addition, the ASP of device B may deliver a provision discovery response message to device A, which may include connection capability information.

After the P2P provisioning discovery process is performed, a P2P group is created through a GO negotiation or an invitation process, and a second layer (L2) connection and an IP (Internet Protocol) connection are performed. The GO negotiation process is not described in detail.

After the GO negotiation is completed and a P2P connection or an IP connection is created, the devices A and B transmit a REQUEST_SESSION message requesting a session through an ASP coordination protocol. The REQUEST_SESSION message may include an advertisement ID, a MAC address (mac_addr), a session ID (session ID), and the like. The MAC address means the address of the P2P device. Device A may forward an ACK message to Device B in response to the REQUEST_SESSION message.

The device A receiving the notification informs the upper service / application that the session is connected, and the service layer can request port information for the session and bing the session and the port. Accordingly, the ASP can open the corresponding port (the ASP can open the port within the firewall) and notify the service layer that the port is ready. The service layer can inform the ASP that the session is ready (SessionReady ()).

Accordingly, the ASP of the device A transmits an ADDED_SESSION message to the partner device. At this time, the ADDED_SESSION message may include a session ID, MAC address information, and so on, so that a service can be uniquely distinguished. The ASP of the device B that has received the ADDED_SESSION message informs the service layer of the session connection and informs the service layer that the port is ready (PortReady ()) via port request, port binding, and the like. ASP can open ports within a firewall.

Thereafter, an application socket connection may be notified between the service layers of device A and device B. Since the ASP session has been established by the above-described procedures, individual service-specific operations (e.g., send, play, etc.) can be performed.

Terminal

13 is a block diagram for explaining a terminal that can be applied to the present invention.

The terminal includes a wireless communication unit 110, an audio / video input unit 120, a user input unit 130, a sensing unit 140, an output unit 150, a memory 160, an interface unit 170, A control unit 180, a power supply unit 190, and the like. The components shown in Fig. 1 are not essential, and a terminal having more or fewer components may be implemented.

Hereinafter, the components will be described in order.

The wireless communication unit 110 may include one or more modules for enabling wireless communication between a terminal and a wireless communication system or between a terminal and a network on which the terminal is located. For example, the wireless communication unit 110 may include a broadcast receiving module 111, a mobile communication module 112, a wireless Internet module 113, a short range communication module 114, and a location information module 115 .

The broadcast receiving module 111 receives broadcast signals and / or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management server through a broadcast channel.

The broadcast channel may include a satellite channel and a terrestrial channel. The broadcast management server may refer to a server for generating and transmitting broadcast signals and / or broadcast related information, or a server for receiving broadcast signals and / or broadcast related information generated by the broadcast management server and transmitting the generated broadcast signals and / or broadcast related information. The broadcast signal may include a TV broadcast signal, a radio broadcast signal, a data broadcast signal, and a broadcast signal in which a data broadcast signal is combined with a TV broadcast signal or a radio broadcast signal.

The broadcast-related information may refer to a broadcast channel, a broadcast program, or information related to a broadcast service provider. The broadcast-related information may also be provided through a mobile communication network. In this case, it may be received by the mobile communication module 112.

The broadcast-related information may exist in various forms. For example, an EPG (Electronic Program Guide) of DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) or an ESG (Electronic Service Guide) of Digital Video Broadcast-Handheld (DVB-H).

For example, the broadcast receiving module 111 may be a Digital Multimedia Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DMB-T), a Digital Multimedia Broadcasting-Satellite (DMB-S), a Media Forward Link Only And a Digital Broadcasting System (ISDB-T) (Integrated Services Digital Broadcast-Terrestrial). Of course, the broadcast receiving module 111 may be adapted to other broadcasting systems as well as the digital broadcasting system described above.

The broadcast signal and / or broadcast related information received through the broadcast receiving module 111 may be stored in the memory 160.

The mobile communication module 112 transmits and receives radio signals to at least one of a base station, an external terminal, and a server on a mobile communication network. The wireless signal may include various types of data depending on a voice call signal, a video call signal or a text / multimedia message transmission / reception.

The wireless Internet module 113 is a module for wireless Internet access, and may be embedded in a terminal or externally. WLAN (Wi-Fi), Wibro (Wireless broadband), Wimax (World Interoperability for Microwave Access), HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) and the like can be used as wireless Internet technologies.

The short-range communication module 114 refers to a module for short-range communication. Bluetooth, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), infrared data association (IrDA), Ultra Wideband (UWB), ZigBee, and the like can be used as a short range communication technology.

The position information module 115 is a module for obtaining the position of the terminal, and a representative example thereof is a Global Position System (GPS) module.

Referring to FIG. 1, an A / V (Audio / Video) input unit 120 is for inputting an audio signal or a video signal, and may include a camera 121 and a microphone 122. The camera 121 processes image frames such as still images or moving images obtained by the image sensor in the video communication mode or the photographing mode. The processed image frame can be displayed on the display unit 151. [

The image frame processed by the camera 121 may be stored in the memory 160 or transmitted to the outside through the wireless communication unit 110. [ Two or more cameras 121 may be provided depending on the use environment.

The microphone 122 receives an external sound signal through a microphone in a communication mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, or the like, and processes it as electrical voice data. The processed voice data can be converted into a form that can be transmitted to the mobile communication base station through the mobile communication module 112 when the voice data is in the call mode, and output. Various noise reduction algorithms may be implemented in the microphone 122 to remove noise generated in receiving an external sound signal.

The user input unit 130 generates input data for a user to control the operation of the terminal. The user input unit 130 may include a key pad dome switch, a touch pad (static / static), a jog wheel, a jog switch, and the like.

The sensing unit 140 senses the current state of the terminal, such as the open / close state of the terminal, the location of the terminal, the presence or absence of the user, the orientation of the terminal, and acceleration / deceleration of the terminal, and generates a sensing signal for controlling the operation of the terminal. For example, if the terminal is a slide phone, it is possible to sense whether the slide phone is opened or closed. It is also possible to sense whether the power supply unit 190 is powered on, whether the interface unit 170 is connected to an external device, and the like. Meanwhile, the sensing unit 140 may include a proximity sensor 141.

The output unit 150 is for generating an output relating to visual, auditory or tactile sense and includes a display unit 151, an acoustic output module 152, an alarm unit 153, a haptic module 154, 155, and the like.

The display unit 151 displays (outputs) information processed by the terminal. For example, when the terminal is in the call mode, a UI (User Interface) or GUI (Graphic User Interface) associated with the call is displayed. When the terminal is in the video communication mode or the photographing mode, the photographed and / or received video or UI and GUI are displayed.

The display unit 151 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a flexible display display, and a 3D display.

Some of these displays may be transparent or light transmissive so that they can be seen through. This can be referred to as a transparent display, and a typical example of the transparent display is TOLED (Transparent OLED) and the like. The rear structure of the display unit 151 may also be of a light transmission type. With this structure, the user can see an object located behind the terminal body through the area occupied by the display unit 151 of the terminal body.

There may be two or more display units 151 according to the implementation form of the terminal. For example, the terminal may have a plurality of display portions separated from each other on one surface or may be disposed integrally with each other, or may be disposed on different surfaces.

(Hereinafter, referred to as a 'touch screen') in which a display unit 151 and a sensor for sensing a touch operation (hereinafter, referred to as 'touch sensor') form a mutual layer structure, It can also be used as an input device. The touch sensor may have the form of, for example, a touch film, a touch sheet, a touch pad, or the like.

The touch sensor may be configured to convert a change in a pressure applied to a specific portion of the display unit 151 or a capacitance generated in a specific portion of the display unit 151 into an electrical input signal. The touch sensor can be configured to detect not only the position and area to be touched but also the pressure at the time of touch.

If there is a touch input to the touch sensor, the corresponding signal (s) is sent to the touch controller. The touch controller processes the signal (s) and transmits the corresponding data to the controller 180. Thus, the control unit 180 can know which area of the display unit 151 is touched or the like.

The proximity sensor 141 may be disposed in an inner region of the terminal to be wrapped by the touch screen or in the vicinity of the touch screen. The proximity sensor refers to a sensor that detects the presence or absence of an object approaching a predetermined detection surface or a nearby object without mechanical contact using the force of an electromagnetic field or infrared rays. The proximity sensor has a longer life span than the contact sensor and its utilization is also high.

Examples of the proximity sensor include a transmission type photoelectric sensor, a direct reflection type photoelectric sensor, a mirror reflection type photoelectric sensor, a high frequency oscillation type proximity sensor, a capacitive proximity sensor, a magnetic proximity sensor, and an infrared proximity sensor. And to detect the proximity of the pointer by the change of the electric field along the proximity of the pointer when the touch screen is electrostatic. In this case, the touch screen (touch sensor) may be classified as a proximity sensor.

Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the act of recognizing that the pointer is positioned on the touch screen while the pointer is not in contact with the touch screen is referred to as "proximity touch & The act of actually touching the pointer on the screen is called "contact touch. &Quot; The position where the pointer is proximately touched on the touch screen means a position where the pointer is vertically corresponding to the touch screen when the pointer is touched.

The proximity sensor detects a proximity touch and a proximity touch pattern (e.g., a proximity touch distance, a proximity touch direction, a proximity touch speed, a proximity touch time, a proximity touch position, a proximity touch movement state, and the like). Information corresponding to the detected proximity touch operation and the proximity touch pattern may be output on the touch screen.

The audio output module 152 may output audio data received from the wireless communication unit 110 or stored in the memory 160 in a call signal reception mode, a call mode or a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, a broadcast reception mode, The sound output module 152 also outputs an acoustic signal related to a function (e.g., a call signal reception sound, a message reception sound, etc.) performed in the terminal. The audio output module 152 may include a receiver, a speaker, a buzzer, and the like.

The alarm unit 153 outputs a signal for notifying the occurrence of an event of the terminal. Examples of events that occur in the terminal include call signal reception, message reception, key signal input, touch input, and the like. The alarm unit 153 may output a signal for notifying the occurrence of an event in a form other than the video signal or the audio signal, for example, vibration. The video signal or the audio signal may be output through the display unit 151 or the audio output module 152 so that they may be classified as a part of the alarm unit 153.

The haptic module 154 generates various tactile effects that the user can feel. A typical example of the haptic effect generated by the haptic module 154 is vibration. The intensity and pattern of the vibration generated by the hit module 154 can be controlled. For example, different vibrations may be synthesized and output or sequentially output.

In addition to the vibration, the haptic module 154 may include a pin arrangement vertically moving with respect to the contact skin surface, a spraying force or a suction force of the air through the injection port or the suction port, a touch on the skin surface, contact with an electrode, And various tactile effects such as an effect of reproducing a cold sensation using an endothermic or exothermic element can be generated.

The haptic module 154 can be implemented not only to transmit the tactile effect through the direct contact but also to allow the user to feel the tactile effect through the muscular sensation of the finger or arm. At least two haptic modules 154 may be provided according to the configuration of the portable terminal.

The projector module 155 is an element for performing an image project function using the terminal and may have the same or at least a part of an image displayed on the display unit 151 in accordance with a control signal of the controller 180 Other images can be displayed on an external screen or wall.

Specifically, the projector module 155 includes a light source (not shown) that generates light (for example, laser light) for outputting an image to the outside, a light source And a lens (not shown) for enlarging and outputting the image at a predetermined focal distance to the outside. Further, the projector module 155 may include a device (not shown) capable of mechanically moving the lens or the entire module to adjust the image projection direction.

The projector module 155 can be divided into a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) module, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) module and a DLP (Digital Light Processing) module according to the type of the display means. In particular, the DLP module may be advantageous for miniaturization of the projector module 151 by enlarging and projecting an image generated by reflecting light generated from a light source on a DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) chip.

Preferably, the projector module 155 may be provided longitudinally on the side, front, or back of the terminal. It goes without saying that the projector module 155 may be provided at any position of the terminal, if necessary.

The memory unit 160 may store a program for processing and controlling the control unit 180 and temporarily store the input / output data (e.g., telephone directory, message, audio, For example. The memory unit 160 may also store the frequency of use of each of the data (for example, each telephone number, each message, and frequency of use for each multimedia). In addition, the memory unit 160 may store data on vibration and sound of various patterns output when the touch is input on the touch screen.

The memory 160 may be a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a multimedia card micro type, a card type memory (for example, SD or XD memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), PROM A disk, and / or an optical disk. The terminal may operate in association with a web storage that performs a storage function of the memory 160 on the Internet.

The interface unit 170 serves as a path for communication with all external devices connected to the terminal. The interface unit 170 receives data from an external device, receives power from the external device, transfers the data to each component in the terminal, or transmits data in the terminal to an external device. For example, a wired / wireless headset port, an external charger port, a wired / wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device having an identification module, an audio I / O port, A video input / output (I / O) port, an earphone port, and the like may be included in the interface unit 170.

The identification module is a chip for storing various information for authenticating the usage right of the terminal and includes a user identification module (UIM), a subscriber identity module (SIM), a universal user identity module , USIM), and the like. Devices with identification modules (hereinafter referred to as "identification devices") can be manufactured in a smart card format. Therefore, the identification device can be connected to the terminal through the port.

The interface unit may be a path through which power from the cradle is supplied to the mobile terminal when the mobile terminal is connected to an external cradle or a channel through which various command signals input from the cradle by the user are transmitted to the mobile terminal . The various command signals or the power source input from the cradle may be operated as a signal for recognizing that the mobile terminal is correctly mounted on the cradle.

The controller 180 typically controls the overall operation of the terminal. For example, voice communication, data communication, video communication, and the like. The control unit 180 may include a multimedia module 181 for multimedia playback. The multimedia module 181 may be implemented in the control unit 180 or may be implemented separately from the control unit 180. [

The controller 180 may perform a pattern recognition process for recognizing handwriting input or drawing input performed on the touch screen as characters and images, respectively.

The power supply unit 190 receives external power and internal power under the control of the controller 180 and supplies power necessary for operation of the respective components.

The various embodiments described herein may be embodied in a recording medium readable by a computer or similar device using, for example, software, hardware, or a combination thereof.

According to a hardware implementation, the embodiments described herein may be implemented as application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays May be implemented using at least one of a processor, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, and other electronic units for performing other functions. In some cases, The embodiments described may be implemented by the control unit 180 itself.

According to a software implementation, embodiments such as the procedures and functions described herein may be implemented with separate software modules. Each of the software modules may perform one or more of the functions and operations described herein. Software code can be implemented in a software application written in a suitable programming language. The software code is stored in the memory 160 and can be executed by the control unit 180. [

The location estimation system

FIG. 14 shows an example of a system for estimating the position of a terminal according to the present invention.

The wireless positioning system 1100 according to FIG. 14 includes three or more wireless communication devices (hereinafter, referred to as 'anchor nodes') and a wireless communication terminal (hereinafter, referred to as a "target node"), and a positioning server 1120 that executes positioning application 1130 to be described below and calculates position information of the target node (TN) .

Although FIG. 14 shows the wireless sensor network 1110 in a very simplified manner, it may actually be much more complex than this. The wireless sensor network 1110 may comprise, for example, a plurality of end wireless terminals, a plurality of routers relaying them, and a plurality of coordinators serving as a base for wireless terminals and routers in a certain area.

The positioning application 1130 is an application program that implements the positioning algorithm. The positioning application program 1130 is recorded in a computer-readable recording medium such as a CD, a DVD, a hard disk, a non-volatile memory, and the like, and is executed by the CPU. Thus, any means that can acquire basic information necessary for positioning of the target node TN and has a computing function capable of reading the positioning application 1130 and executing it can serve as the positioning server 1120. [ Here, the basic information necessary for positioning the target node includes position information of three anchor nodes involved in positioning of the target node and information capable of estimating the distance from the three anchor nodes to the target node, that is, estimated distance information . The estimated distance information may be, for example, an intensity of a signal received from a target node at each anchor node, that is, a received signal strength (RSS).

In the positioning server 1120, the position estimation of the target node can be performed using cosine law, coordinate rotation, trilateration, or the like.

For example, the positioning application 1130 may be executed on a separate computing device external to the wireless network 1110, such as the positioning server 1120, as shown. However, the means for executing the positioning application program 1130 is not necessarily limited to such a positioning server 1120. [ The resources constituting the wireless network 1110 may also function as a positioning server.

For example, if the anchor nodes, which are components of the wireless communication network 110, or the target node also has sufficient computing capability to execute the positioning application program 1130 from the data recording medium,

As shown in FIG. If the positioning server 1120 executes the positioning application program 1130 to perform positioning, the estimated distance information capable of estimating the distance from the three anchor nodes to the target node as shown in FIG. 14 and the distance information between the three anchor nodes The location information of the anchor node or the target node must be provided to the positioning server 1120. If the anchor node or the target node functions as the positioning server, the information should be provided to the corresponding node.

Meanwhile, the terminal 100 may use the device 110 that performs only the reception or both transmission and reception through the wireless communication unit 110, but the user may use the terminal 120 performing the transmission only.

For convenience of explanation in the specification, a device 110 performing only the reception or performing both transmission and reception is referred to as a first terminal 110, and a terminal 120 performing only transmission is referred to as a second terminal 120 ).

When the terminal used by the user is the first terminal 110, the position estimation is performed according to the active scheme. If the terminal is the second terminal 120, the position estimation is performed according to the passive scheme.

Active location estimation

15 is a diagram for explaining a method of estimating a position of a mobile station by applying an active scheme.

15, the user device 110 receives a signal transmitted by a plurality of Wi-fi APs 2100, 2200, 2300, and 2400, and the user device 110 receives a signal based on the strength of the received signal The current position can be determined by calculating distance information, triangulation method, and the like.

Such a position estimation method is referred to as an active method.

Position estimation by passive method

16 is a diagram for explaining a method of estimating a position of a mobile station by applying an active scheme.

16, a plurality of Wi-fi APs 2500, 2600, 2700, and 2800 detect a signal transmitted by the user device 120, and the sensed signal is transmitted to a location location server 1120, The positioning server 1120 determines the current position of the terminal 120 by triangulation or the like.

Such a position estimation method is referred to as a passive method.

A method of estimating a position by selectively using an active method and a passive method

There is a problem in the position estimation method based on the Wi-fi communication described above.

That is, in order to perform positioning by using a local communication such as Wi-Fi, a condition to be connected to a wireless access point (AP) is required, or a wireless access point (AP) It is difficult to perform positioning in a case where only the method is supported.

Therefore, in the present invention, the position estimation is performed based on the strength of the signal transmitted / received by the terminal without being connected to the Access Point (AP). It is possible to measure the strength of a signal by transmitting and receiving a signal even in the state where no association or connection is made. Therefore, the problem of performing position estimation by being connected to an access point (AP) or the like can be solved through the above measures have.

In addition, the present invention proposes a method of estimating a position of a mobile station by selectively using an active mode and a passive mode regardless of the type of the mobile station by using an Access Point (AP) capable of performing both transmission and reception.

In other words, since an AP (Access Point) supporting Wi-Fi communication can be both transmitted and received, an active method and a passive method can be selectively used depending on whether the terminal is capable of receiving, It is possible to estimate the position of the terminal.

17 is a diagram for explaining a method of estimating a position by selectively using an active scheme and a passive scheme proposed by the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 17, a plurality of APs 3100, 3200, 3300, and 3400 supporting Wi-Fi communication can perform both transmission and reception.

In addition, since a plurality of APs 3100, 3200, 3300, and 3400 estimate the location of a terminal based on only the strength of a signal communicated to the terminal, the location estimation operation is performed .

In the case of the first terminal 110, a plurality of APs 3100, 3200, 3300, and 3400 may be used as the first terminal 110 and the second terminal 120, Performs a transmission operation, and performs an active position estimation process in which the terminal estimates a position.

In the case of the second terminal 120, a plurality of APs 3100, 3200, 3300, and 3400 perform a receiving operation, and the location server 1120 receives the APs 3100, 3200, 3300, A passive position estimation process of estimating the position of the mobile station is performed.

FIG. 18 is a view for explaining a method of estimating a position selectively using the active scheme and the passive scheme illustrated in FIG. 17, in a different manner.

Referring to FIG. 18, the dotted line illustrates the active location estimation process and the solid line illustrates the passive location estimation process.

In the case of the first terminal 110, a plurality of APs 3100, 3200, 3300, and 3400 perform transmission operations (S100, S110, and S120) Is performed.

In the case of the second terminal 120, the plurality of APs 3100, 3200, 3300 and 3400 perform a receiving operation (S210, S230, S250) A position estimation process of a passive scheme for estimating the position of the mobile station (S270) is performed by receiving signals from the mobile stations (3200, 3300, 3400) (S220, S240, S260).

On the other hand, in order to increase the precision of the position estimation of the terminal, that is, the first terminal 110 or the second terminal 120, a method of using an AP having a high fixability higher than a predetermined reference, A method using an AP can be used.

The method proposed by the present invention can be divided into the following five methods.

(1) A method of estimating the position of a terminal using an AP having a high fixability higher than a preset reference (hereinafter referred to as a first method)

(2) a method of determining the current position of a neighboring AP by using an AP with high fixability, and estimating the position of the terminal through the obtained information (hereinafter referred to as a second method)

(3) A method of estimating the position of a terminal using an AP having a signal strength value equal to or higher than a preset reference (hereinafter referred to as a third method)

(4) A method of estimating the position of a terminal using an AP having a signal strength value equal to or greater than a predetermined reference based on the position location server (fourth method)

(5) Method of increasing the reliability by dividing the signal intensity value into sections (fifth method)

Hereinafter, the first to fifth methods proposed by the present invention will be described in detail.

First Method

FIG. 19 is a flowchart for explaining a process of estimating a position of a mobile station using an AP with high stability, according to the present invention.

The first method is that the first terminal 110 or the second terminal 120 does not use a plurality of random access points (APs) And estimates the location of the terminal using both the location information of the first AP and the signal strength information.

Referring to FIG. 19, first, a location server 1120 and a plurality of access points (APs) communicate with each other, and a plurality of APs and a terminal perform short-distance communication (S310).

Thereafter, the step (S320) of determining at least one first AP having a higher fixability than the preset reference among the plurality of APs is performed.

The criterion for determining the first AP may be an AP that does not change its position for a predetermined period, an AP that is located in a place where a change of position is difficult to be induced, or an AP that has transmitted its own position information in advance. However, these criteria are merely one example to which the present invention is applied, and more various criteria can be applied.

Then, by using only the signal received from the first AP to the AT among the plurality of APs, the position of the AT is estimated using the strength of the signal and the position information of the first AP (active method) A step S330 of estimating the location of the mobile station using the strength of a signal and the location information of the first AP is performed.

Therefore, the location of the terminal is estimated by additionally using the location information of the fixed AP, so that the accuracy of the location estimation of the terminal can be enhanced.

Second Method

20 is a flowchart for explaining a process of determining a current location of a neighboring AP using an AP having a high fixability and estimating a location of the terminal using the obtained information.

The second method is that the first terminal 110 or the second terminal 120 does not use a plurality of random access points (APs) Determining at least one first AP having a high level and determining a current location of the neighboring AP based on the first AP and estimating a location of the terminal by additionally using the first AP and the detected location information of the second AP .

Referring to FIG. 20, first, a plurality of APs (Access Points) communicate with a POS server 1120 and a plurality of APs and terminals perform short-range communication (S410).

At this time, the step S420 of determining the at least one first AP having a higher fixability than the preset reference among the plurality of APs is applied in the same manner as in S320.

Then, in addition to the first method, step (S430) is performed in which the location location server 1120 grasps the current location of the second AP adjacent to the first AP based on the location information of the first AP.

The method of estimating the position of the second AP may be a triangulation method as well as a method of estimating the position of the terminal.

Hereinafter, the position of the terminal is estimated using the strength of the signal received from the first AP and / or the second AP and the position information of the first AP and / or the second AP among the plurality of APs (Passive method) of the terminal using the strength of a signal received by the first AP and / or the second AP from the terminal and the location information of the first AP and / or the second AP (S440) is performed.

Therefore, the location of the terminal is estimated by additionally using the location information of the fixed AP and the location information of the AP located in the vicinity thereof, thereby increasing the accuracy of the location estimation of the terminal.

Third Method

FIG. 21 is a flowchart for explaining a process of estimating a position of a mobile station using an AP having a signal strength value equal to or greater than a preset reference based on a mobile station.

The third method is to use a plurality of access points (APs) that are not random by the first terminal 110 or the second terminal 120, , And estimates the position of the terminal through a signal received from the first AP.

Referring to FIG. 21, a plurality of APs (Access Points) communicate with a location location server 1120, and a plurality of APs and a terminal perform short-distance communication (S510).

Thereafter, a step S520 of determining a first AP having a signal strength value equal to or greater than a predetermined reference among the plurality of APs with which the terminal communicates is performed.

Also, the terminal estimates (active) the position of the terminal using only the strength of the signal received from the first AP to the terminal among the plurality of APs, or uses the strength of the signal received from the terminal by the first AP, 1120) performs a step S530 of estimating the position of the terminal (passive method).

Therefore, the location of the terminal is estimated using the AP having a high signal strength based on the terminal, so that the accuracy of the location estimation of the terminal can be enhanced.

Fourth method

22 is a flowchart for explaining a process of estimating a position of a mobile station using an AP having a signal strength value equal to or greater than a predetermined reference based on a location location server.

The fourth method may be a method in which the first terminal 110 or the second terminal 120 does not use a plurality of random access points (APs), but uses a predetermined signal among a plurality of APs based on a signal received by the location location server 1120 Determining at least one first AP having a signal strength value equal to or greater than a reference value and estimating a position of the terminal through a signal received from the first AP.

Referring to FIG. 21, a plurality of APs (Access Points) communicate with a location location server 1120, and a plurality of APs and a terminal perform short-distance communication (S510).

Thereafter, a step (S520) of determining a first AP having a signal strength value equal to or greater than a predetermined reference among a plurality of APs communicated by the POS server 1120 is performed.

Also, the terminal estimates (active) the position of the terminal using only the strength of the signal received from the first AP to the terminal among the plurality of APs, or uses the strength of the signal received from the terminal by the first AP, 1120) performs a step S530 of estimating the position of the terminal (passive method).

Accordingly, since the location of the terminal is estimated using the AP having a high signal strength based on the location location server 1120, the accuracy of the location estimation of the terminal can be enhanced.

Fifth method

23 is a diagram for explaining a technique of weighting reliability by dividing signal intensity values into sections according to the present invention with reference to FIG. 21 and FIG.

The fifth method further applies a method of weighting the reliability by dividing the signal intensity value into sections in the third method and the fourth method.

When measuring the distance from a specific AP through the WiFi signal strength value, there is a possibility that a measurement value error occurs and a measurement value error degrades the accuracy of the position measurement.

This measurement error occurs due to various factors. The reliability evaluation can be performed according to the characteristics of the existing AP or the accumulated data of the values measured by the user terminal. However, The cumulative data utilization of user terminals is a limiting factor.

Therefore, in the present invention, the measured signal intensity value is divided into at least three intervals, and a method of highly evaluating the reliability of the intermediate distance is used compared to the case of the nearest distance and the case of the longest distance.

Here, the distinction of the interval can be based on the signal intensity value between the APs whose signals are measured.

Referring to FIG. 23, it is possible to give higher reliability to the result calculated by the section (2) than the result calculated by the section (1) or (3).

In addition, the signal intensity value interval overlapping at the judgment of (1) and (2) can be judged by the signal intensity variability.

Therefore, the location of the terminal is estimated using the AP having a high signal strength based on the terminal or the location server 1120, and the signal strength value is divided into sections to increase the reliability. Therefore, have.

The above-described embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by various means. For example, embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.

In the case of hardware implementation, the method according to embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs) , FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.

In the case of an implementation by firmware or software, the method according to embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in the form of a module, a procedure or a function for performing the functions or operations described above. The software code can be stored in a memory unit and driven by the processor. The memory unit may be located inside or outside the processor, and may exchange data with the processor by various well-known means.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed herein has been presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the present invention. While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. For example, those skilled in the art can utilize each of the configurations described in the above-described embodiments in a manner of mutually combining them. Accordingly, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Accordingly, the above description should not be construed in a limiting sense in all respects and should be considered illustrative. The scope of the present invention should be determined by rational interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the scope of equivalents of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. The present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. In addition, claims that do not have an explicit citation in the claims may be combined to form an embodiment or be included in a new claim by amendment after the filing.

Claims (10)

Location location server; A plurality of APs (Access Points) communicating with the location server; And a plurality of terminals communicating with the plurality of APs in a short distance,
Wherein the location location server determines at least one first AP among the plurality of APs that has not moved for a preset period of time,

When the terminal is a first terminal that receives or transmits / receives via the short distance communication,
The first terminal estimates a position of the first terminal using the strength of a signal received from the first AP in a state that the first terminal is not connected to the plurality of APs,

When the terminal is a second terminal that transmits only through the short distance communication,
The plurality of APs transmit the strength information of a signal received from the second terminal to the location location server in a state that the AP is not connected to the second terminal,
The location location server estimates the location of the second terminal using the strength information of the signal received through the first AP,

Wherein the first terminal further estimates a location of the first terminal by using location information of the first AP,
The location location server further estimates the location of the second terminal by using the location information of the first AP,

Wherein the location location server determines a location of a second AP adjacent to the first AP based on a location of the first AP among the plurality of APs,
The first terminal further estimates a position of the first terminal by using the location information of the second AP,
Wherein the location location server further estimates a location of the second terminal by using location information of the second AP,

Wherein the first terminal or the location server determines a third AP of the first AP to communicate with,
The first terminal estimates the location of the first terminal using the strength of a signal received from the third AP,
The location location server estimates the location of the second terminal using the strength information of the signal received through the third AP,

The terminal or the location location server,
Wherein the third AP is further determined by additionally using a separation distance between the terminal or the location server and the first AP.
delete delete delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The short-
Wherein at least one of Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), IrDA, Ultra Wideband (UWB), and ZigBee technology is used. .
The method according to claim 1,
The first terminal and the location server estimate the location of the first terminal or the second terminal using trilateration,
Wherein the strength of a signal received from the first AP used by the first terminal and the location server or the strength of a signal received from the second terminal to the first AP is three or more.
The method according to claim 1,
If the terminal includes a first terminal and a second terminal,
A method of estimating a position of the first terminal using the strength of a signal received from the plurality of APs and a method of estimating a position of the second terminal using the strength information of a signal received from the second terminal Estimating means for estimating a position of the mobile station based on the estimated position of the mobile station.
Location location server; A plurality of APs (Access Points) communicating with the location server; And a plurality of terminals communicating with the plurality of APs in a short distance, the method comprising:

The location location server determines at least one first AP among the plurality of APs that has not moved for a preset period of time,

When the terminal is a first terminal receiving or transmitting / receiving through the short-range communication, using the strength of the signal received from the first AP in a state where the first terminal is not connected to the plurality of APs Estimating a position of the first terminal,

When the terminal is the second terminal only transmitting through the short distance communication, the plurality of APs transmits the strength information of the signal received from the second terminal to the location location server And the location server estimates the location of the second terminal using the strength information of the signal received through the first AP,

The first terminal further estimates the location of the first terminal by using the location information of the first AP, and the location server additionally uses the location information of the first AP to estimate the location of the second terminal In addition,

Wherein the location location server determines a location of a second AP adjacent to the first AP based on a location of the first AP among the plurality of APs and the first terminal further uses location information of the second AP The location server estimates the location of the second terminal by additionally using the location information of the second AP,

Wherein the first terminal or the location server determines a third AP that is equal to or greater than a predetermined signal strength value among the first APs to communicate with and the first terminal uses the strength of a signal received from the third AP, The location server estimates the location of the second terminal using the strength information of the signal received through the third AP,

Wherein the terminal or the location server determines the third AP by additionally using a separation distance between the terminal or the location server and the first AP.

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