KR101772407B1 - Optical fiber, cutting apparatus and processing method of Optical fiber for isotropic emission and isotropic acceptance of light - Google Patents
Optical fiber, cutting apparatus and processing method of Optical fiber for isotropic emission and isotropic acceptance of light Download PDFInfo
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- KR101772407B1 KR101772407B1 KR1020150119276A KR20150119276A KR101772407B1 KR 101772407 B1 KR101772407 B1 KR 101772407B1 KR 1020150119276 A KR1020150119276 A KR 1020150119276A KR 20150119276 A KR20150119276 A KR 20150119276A KR 101772407 B1 KR101772407 B1 KR 101772407B1
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- pattern
- tapering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
- G02B6/02376—Longitudinal variation along fibre axis direction, e.g. tapered holes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an optical fiber, an optical fiber processing apparatus, and a processing method for irradiating and receiving an isotropic light. The apparatus includes a tapering process of a side surface of an optical fiber end, a tapering end surface, A step of moving the optical fiber in the x-axis direction and rotating around the optical fiber axis to taper the periphery of the end of the optical fiber, and a step of tapering the side periphery of the optical fiber end A step of cutting the surface of the optical fiber into a lattice pattern in which embossed crosses are cut and patterned.
Description
The present invention relates to an optical fiber and an optical fiber processing apparatus and a processing method for irradiating and receiving an isotropic light. More particularly, the present invention relates to a tapering and / And an optical fiber processing apparatus and a processing method for processed and irradiated isotropic light so that the electromagnetic energy can be efficiently transmitted in an isotropic direction by pattern processing.
BACKGROUND ART Optical fiber probe devices for irradiating electromagnetic energy light such as a laser transmitted through an inner core are widely used in various medical fields and mainly a side irradiation type or a front irradiation type optical fiber probe is used. However, there has been a problem in that it is subject to a lot of spatial constraints in the treatment of the internal tissue of the human body due to irradiation only in a certain direction.
In domestic and overseas laser treatment market, the domestic market focuses on the treatment of dermatologic diseases. Therefore, the use or development of optical fiber is insufficient. Recently, interest in optical fiber development is increasing due to increase of minimally invasive surgery and market growth.
Outside of the world, much investment has been made in the development of frontal or lateral fiber optics, and it is widely used in clinical treatments (such as prostate treatment, nonsurgical removal, and gum disease treatment).
However, in the conventional optical fiber technology, light can be transmitted straight to the side surface, so that there is a need for a technique capable of transmitting or receiving light in various fields in the field of laser treatment or sensing.
Therefore, it has been introduced a technique to guide the light irradiation and reception to the isotropic shape by processing the end of the optical fiber into a conical shape. However, since the light can not be transmitted uniformly in three dimensions and many cancers develop into spherical shape as diseases, There is a problem that treatment of the entire cancer site is difficult and recurrence is possible when using phototherapy.
In the case of optical sensing, since the optical receiving angle is determined by the NA (Numerical Aperture) of the optical fiber, the distance and angle at which the light can be received are determined, which greatly affects the sensitivity of the sensing. Herein, NA is an important parameter indicating the maximum light receiving angle of the light beam incident on the optical fiber as the numerical aperture of the optical fiber. That is, the maximum incidence angle for guiding the total reflection angle into the optical fiber, that is, NA is the incidence angle at the cross section of the optical fiber corresponding to the minimum incidence angle for total reflection.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-mode optical fiber which is transmitted to an optical fiber through tapering and surface patterning of an optical fiber end, The present invention provides an optical fiber processed for irradiating and receiving backward light so as to receive light coming from various directions by increasing the light reception angle of the end of the optical fiber close to the backward direction.
Another object is to provide an optical fiber processing apparatus for irradiating and receiving isotropic light for pattern processing of the optical fiber end surface.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of processing an optical fiber end for irradiating and receiving directional light, such as tapering the end surface of the optical fiber and processing the end surface of the end surface of the optical fiber into a grid pattern in which embosses cross each other .
In order to accomplish the above object, the optical fiber processed for light irradiation and reception of the present invention has a structure in which a side surface of an optical fiber end is tapered and a tapered end surface is formed in a plurality of embossed shapes And is pattern-processed.
It is preferable that the embossed pattern is formed in a lattice shape or a round embossed shape or a diagonal shape in which embossed lines cross each other.
Also, the cutting angle? Of the side surface of the tapered optical fiber end depends on the numerical aperture (NA) of the optical fiber.
The cutting angle? Is 37 ° or less when the NA of the optical fiber is as small as 0.22, and preferably 30 ° or less when the NA is 0.38.
The tapering and patterning of the ends of the optical fiber may be performed by any one of a high output laser, an acid etching, and a microelectromechanical system (MEMS).
The angle? Between the latticed relief patterns on the surface of the optical fiber end surface is preferably within a range of 30 to 90 degrees depending on the directionality of the iso-directional energy distribution.
The interval between the lattice-like embossed patterns on the surface of the optical fiber end surface is in the range of 20 to 100 mu m, the number of the relief patterns is 5 to 15, and the depth of the relief pattern is preferably in the range of 10 to 100 mu m .
The apparatus for processing an optical fiber according to the present invention is an apparatus for patterning an end surface of an optical fiber, comprising: an energy generator for irradiating the surface of the optical fiber with energy; An optical fiber holder for fixing the optical fiber; A moving stage for moving the optical fibers fixed to the optical fiber holder to be adjusted in order in the x-axis and the z-axis in accordance with the focus to which the laser is irradiated; A convex lens for collecting a focus of the laser beam irradiated by the high-power laser, and an angle stage for rotating the optical fiber after the patterning of the end surface of the optical fiber cut by the high-power laser is completed.
Also, it is preferable that the energy generator for tapering and patterning the end of the optical fiber is any one of a high output laser, an acid etching, and a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS).
In the method of cutting and patterning the end of the optical fiber, the optical fiber is moved in the x-axis direction and is rotated about the optical fiber axis, A step of tapering the side surface of the optical fiber end surface of the optical fiber end surface of the tapered side surface and cutting the surface of the end of the tapered optical fiber end into a lattice pattern in which a positive angle intersects the surface.
Also, when tapering the side surface of the optical fiber end, the laser energy density is preferably 4 to 16 kW / mm 2 when the high output laser is used.
In order to taper the side surface of the end of the optical fiber, the optical fiber is moved in the x-axis direction at a moving speed of 1 to 10 mm / s and the optical fiber is rotated at a rotating speed of 200 to 500 rpm around the optical fiber axis desirable.
When patterning the surface of the optical fiber end, the laser energy density is preferably 4 to 16 kW / mm 2 when the high output laser is used.
When patterning the surface of the optical fiber end, the speed of the laser is preferably in the range of 10 to 30 mm / s when the high power laser is used.
When patterning the surface of the end of the optical fiber, it is preferable to cut the optical fiber at a certain depth to the depth of the optical fiber while minimizing the phenomenon of the optical fiber being reciprocated by 2 to 7 reciprocating movements, Do.
According to the optical fiber and the processing method for irradiating and receiving the light in the equal direction according to the present invention, the side surface and the surface of the end of the optical fiber are tapered and embossed pattern processing, whereby light can be transmitted or received in the back direction.
In addition, the depth, width, embossed shape, pattern shape (lattice shape, circular shape, diagonal line) and number of patterns of the processed embossed pattern on the optical fiber end surface are determined according to the optical fiber size and refractive index, It is effective.
In addition, since the stimulation can be transmitted to the body in a uniform direction by the backward irradiation of the optical fiber, it can be used as an efficient and safe auxiliary medical device instead of the conventional one-sided needle.
In addition, since the light can be transmitted to the spherical arm in all directions through the irradiation of the optical fiber in the backward direction, it is possible to heat the whole cancer.
Also, it is possible to develop various optical sensors by measuring the light generated in three dimensions due to the wide acceptance angle of the relief pattern formed on the surface of the optical fiber end.
Fig. 1 is an image showing a cutting process of an optical fiber end processed for irradiation and reception of isotropic light according to the present invention, in which (a) is an image of a cut optical fiber end surface, (b) Image passed in direction
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the side tapering cutting angle of the optical fiber end processed for the irradiation and reception of the equi-directional light according to the present invention
3 is a view showing a method of patterning a surface of an optical fiber end processed for isotropic light irradiation and reception according to the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 3,
FIG. 4 is an image and a graph showing the processing of an optical fiber for irradiating and receiving isotropic light according to the present invention, wherein (a) is an image showing energy transfer after lateral tapering of the end of the optical fiber, (b) A graph that quantifies the degree of delivery
FIG. 5 is a plan view and an image showing an example of surface pattern processing of an optical fiber end processed for isotropic light irradiation and reception in accordance with the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view of a latticed relief pattern, (b) Image showing the equi-directional energy transfer after
FIG. 6 is a side view of the processing depth and energy distribution of the optical fiber end surface processed for isotropic light irradiation and reception according to the present invention, wherein (a) shows a low aspect ratio in a surface pattern of a shallow depth, b) shows a high aspect ratio in a deep depth surface pattern,
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of an optical fiber, an optical fiber processing apparatus, and a processing method for irradiating and receiving an isotropic light according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, It is provided to inform.
Fig. 1 is an image showing a cutting process of an optical fiber end processed for irradiation and reception of isotropic light according to the present invention, in which (a) is an image of a cut optical fiber end surface, (b) Direction.
In order to induce the transfer of electromagnetic energy such as a laser beam from the end of the optical fiber, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the surface of the end of the optical fiber is cut in a predetermined embossed pattern and the energy transmitted inside the optical fiber core is cut The incidence angle on the processed surface is larger or smaller than the critical angle to determine whether total internal reflection occurs or not. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), electromagnetic energy can be transmitted from the end of the optical fiber in the backward direction.
In order to irradiate the equi-directional electromagnetic energy at the end of the optical fiber, there is a need for two or more steps of processing the side surface of the optical fiber by tapering and patterning the surface.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a side tapering cutting angle of an optical fiber end processed for isotropic light irradiation and reception according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, in order to transmit more electromagnetic energy constantly in the lateral direction from the end of the optical fiber by the one-step processing, a tapering process is performed around the end portion of the optical fiber at about 1 to 3 mm, The tapering angle of the end of the optical fiber is determined according to a numerical aperture (NA) inherent to the optical fiber, and the processing angle is calculated for total reflection and determination of the direction of electromagnetic energy transfer using the following equation (1).
Here, n d is the refractive index of the core, n core is the refractive index of the cladding, and n med is the refractive index of the surrounding medium (≒ 1, air).
When the tapering cutting angle? Is less than? 1 according to Equation (1), the critical angle is not satisfied and total reflection does not occur, and the transmitted electromagnetic energy light is refracted to the side and transmitted.
Therefore, according to the total reflection calculation formula in the optical fiber, when the NA is small (NA = 0.22), the tapering cutting angle is set to 37 ° or less and when the NA is large (NA = 0.38) So that electromagnetic energy can be transmitted in the lateral direction.
3 is a view showing a method of patterning a surface of an optical fiber end processed for isotropic light irradiation and reception according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 3, the optical fiber is fixed using a fiber holder so as to prevent the optical fiber from shaking at the time of processing, and when the optical fiber end surface is laser-cut using an optical fiber stage (Translational stage) And the movement of the optical fiber is moved along the y axis in the laser cutting process of the end surface of the optical fiber using the optical fiber stage to adjust the depth of the pattern .
For such patterning, the surface of the end face of the optical fiber is cut by using an energy generator in which a laser is incident through a convex lens. In this case, the optical fiber moves in the x-axis or z- After finishing the formation of the entire pattern by the surface cutting process of the end of the optical fiber, the end of the optical fiber is rotated (0 to 90 degrees) by using an angular stage, and the same pattern is re- And is formed on the end surface.
The energy generator for the tapering cutting of the end face of the optical fiber and the pattern cutting of the surface can be classified into a high power laser such as CO 2 , nano-, pico-, and femto-second laser depending on the size of the optical fiber, ), And microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).
In the case of using a high-power laser, which is a working laser in the tapering cutting process of the end surface of the optical fiber, the laser energy density is 4 to 16 kW / mm 2 W , And the optical fiber is rotated at a moving speed of 1 to 10 mm / s in the x-axis direction and at 200 to 500 rpm about the optical fiber axis for constant side processing.
FIG. 4 is an image and a graph showing the processing of an optical fiber for irradiating and receiving isotropic light according to the present invention, wherein (a) is an image showing energy transfer after lateral tapering of the end of the optical fiber, (B) is a graph that quantifies the degree of energy transfer to the side. It shows that the intensity of energy at 0 mm is drastically increased according to the longitudinal distance of the tapered side surface . In other words, the laser energy distribution is measured along the optical fiber axis outside the optical fiber end, which shows that the energy is emitted only at the optical fiber end as shown in the graph.
Next, a constant patterning of the surface of the optical fiber end is required for the transfer of isotropic energy at the optical fiber end in a two-step process. That is, by patterning the surface of the optical fiber end, the total reflection of the electromagnetic energy transmitted through the optical fiber core can be generated from the processed surface, and the energy transfer direction can be guided to a certain direction or shape (circular shape). Such a pattern can be variously formed by the depth, width, embossed shape of the processing pattern, pattern shape of the lattice pattern, circular pattern or diagonal pattern, and the number of patterns.
FIG. 5 is a plan view and an image showing an example of surface pattern processing of an optical fiber end processed for isotropic light irradiation and reception in accordance with the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view of a latticed relief pattern, (b) This is an image showing the backward direction energy transfer.
As shown in Fig. 5 (a), when the fiber tip is processed into a lattice-like emboss pattern such as an emboss, the energy density of a high power laser, which is a processing laser, is 4 to 16 kW / Mm2 The interval between the relief patterns formed on the surface is made 20 to 100 mu m and the number of processing patterns is set to 5 to 15 according to the diameter of the optical fiber core. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), a pattern in which the energy is transmitted in the backward direction is well shown by the lattice-like embossed pattern on the surface of the optical fiber end.
The speed of the high-power laser, which is a laser for processing, is set to 10 to 30 mm / s, and the angle (α) between the relief patterns on the surface is 30 Set to between 90 and 90 degrees (for example, oval: 30 degrees counterclockwise: 90 degrees).
FIG. 6 is a side view of the processing depth and energy distribution of the optical fiber end surface processed for isotropic light irradiation and reception according to the present invention, wherein (a) shows a low aspect ratio in a surface pattern of a shallow depth, b) is a high aspect ratio in a deep depth surface pattern.
The depth of the embossed pattern on the surface of the end of the optical fiber is controlled to be between 10 and 100 탆 according to the distribution range of the electromagnetic energy, and as shown in Fig. 6 (a), the aspect ratio when the aspect ratio is small (shallow processing), the distribution of electromagnetic energy is distributed over the entire surface of the optical fiber end, and as shown in FIG. 6 (b), when the aspect ratio is large Processing) distribution of electromagnetic energy is distributed widely in the backward direction from the end of the optical fiber.
In the case of the above-mentioned deep embossing pattern processing, it is possible to cut a predetermined depth of the optical fiber end while minimizing the melting phenomenon through two to seven reciprocating translational movements of the optical fiber.
In addition, the distribution of the electromagnetic energy distribution of the elliptical or spherical shape is determined by constantly or variously changing the spacing between the relief patterns. As described above, it is possible to determine the distribution of electromagnetic energy according to the interval between the embossed pattern, the depth and the pattern, and to use the optical sensor capable of receiving the light energy at the same angle.
The optical fiber developed according to the present invention as described above can be used for the treatment of spherical cancers such as hyperthermia, prototypical tissue treatment, optical anisotropic irrigation, interstitial laser coagulation, diffuse optical tomography (DOT) Application is possible.
As described above, the optical fiber, the optical fiber processing apparatus, and the processing method for processing and accommodating the isotropic light according to the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings. However, according to the embodiments and drawings disclosed herein, It is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
The cutting angle? Of the side surface of the tapered optical fiber end depends on the numerical aperture (NA) of the optical fiber,
The embossed pattern may be formed in a lattice shape or a circular embossed shape or a diagonal shape,
Characterized in that the angle (?) Between the lattice-like embossed patterns of the optical fiber end surface is in the range of 30 to 90 degrees depending on the orientation of the isotropic energy distribution.
Wherein the cutting angle is set to 37 DEG or less when the NA of the optical fiber is as small as 0.22 and 30 DEG or less when NA is 0.38.
Characterized in that the tapering and patterning of the end of the optical fiber is performed by any one of a high power laser, an acid etching, and a microelectromechanical system (MEMS). Optical fiber.
Wherein the interval between the lattice-like embossed patterns on the surface of the optical fiber end surface is in the range of 20 to 100 mu m, the number of the relief patterns is 5 to 15, and the depth of the relief pattern is in the range of 10 to 100 mu m Optical fiber processed for isotropic light irradiation and acceptance.
An energy generator for irradiating the surface of the optical fiber end with energy;
An optical fiber holder for fixing the optical fiber;
A moving stage for moving the optical fiber fixed to the optical fiber holder in order to adjust the x-axis and the z-axis in accordance with a focus of the laser beam emitted by the energy generator;
A convex lens collecting the focus of the laser irradiated by the energy generator; And
And an angle stage for rotating the optical fiber when the patterning of the end surface of the optical fiber cut by the energy generator is completed
A laser is irradiated by the energy generator to taper the side surface of the optical fiber end and pattern the end surface of the tapered end into a plurality of embossed shapes, and the tapered optical fiber end The cutting angle? Of the side surface of the optical fiber depends on the numerical aperture (NA) of the optical fiber,
The angle? Between the lattice-like embossed patterns on the surface of the optical fiber end surface is determined according to the directionality of the iso-directional energy distribution. Wherein the optical axis of the optical fiber is in the range of 30 to 90 degrees.
Wherein the energy generator for tapering and patterning the end of the optical fiber is one of a high power laser, an acid etching, and a microelectromechanical system (MEMS). Cutting and patterning apparatus for optical fibers.
Moving the optical fiber in the x-axis direction and rotating the optical fiber about the optical fiber axis to taper the side periphery of the end; And
And cutting the surface of the optical fiber end, the side surface of which is tapered, into a lattice-like pattern in which the embossing is crossed,
A laser is irradiated by an energy generator to pattern a tapered end surface of the optical fiber end in a plurality of embossed patterns when tapering the side surface of the optical fiber end, The cutting angle? Of the side surface depends on the numerical aperture (NA) of the optical fiber,
The angle? Between the lattice-like embossed patterns on the surface of the optical fiber end surface is determined according to the directionality of the iso-directional energy distribution. Wherein the optical fiber end is in the range of 30 to 90 degrees.
And a laser energy density of 4 to 16 kW / mm < 2 > when the high output laser is used when tapering the side surface of the end of the optical fiber. .
In order to taper the side surface of the optical fiber end, the optical fiber is moved in the x-axis direction at a moving speed of 1 to 10 mm / s, and at the same time, the optical fiber is rotated at a rotating speed of 200 to 500 rpm around the optical fiber axis A method of processing an end of an optical fiber for irradiating and receiving an isotropic light.
Wherein when the high power laser is used for patterning the surface of the optical fiber end, the laser energy density is 4 to 16 kW / mm < 2 >.
Wherein the speed of the laser is in the range of 10 to 30 mm / s when patterning the surface of the end of the optical fiber and using the high output laser.
When patterning the surface of the end of the optical fiber, if the depth of the pattern is equal to or greater than a certain depth, the optical fiber is reciprocated by 2 to 7 reciprocating movements to minimize the melting of the optical fiber, A method of processing an end of an optical fiber for irradiating and receiving an isotropic light.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000024000A (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-01-25 | Morita Mfg Co Ltd | Laser probe |
| JP2004096009A (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2004-03-25 | Jds Uniphase Corp | Laser package and laser beam source module |
| JP2012050590A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-15 | Fujifilm Corp | Endoscopic light guide and endoscope having the same |
| US20150219851A1 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | Ofs Fitel, Llc | Termination Of Optical Fiber With Low Backreflection |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08166518A (en) | 1994-12-14 | 1996-06-25 | Fujikura Ltd | Optical fiber or optical fiber coupler subjected to non-reflection treatment at terminal face and its production |
| KR200288986Y1 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2002-09-13 | 최승환 | Display Equipment using Light Source Module and Optic Fiber that can radiate Light by control of Total Internal Reflection Ratio |
| KR100486937B1 (en) | 2002-06-11 | 2005-05-03 | 한국표준과학연구원 | A concave ended interferometric Optical Fiber Sensor for Displacement measurement of Cantilever Probe of Atomic Force Microscope |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000024000A (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-01-25 | Morita Mfg Co Ltd | Laser probe |
| JP2004096009A (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2004-03-25 | Jds Uniphase Corp | Laser package and laser beam source module |
| JP2012050590A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-15 | Fujifilm Corp | Endoscopic light guide and endoscope having the same |
| US20150219851A1 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | Ofs Fitel, Llc | Termination Of Optical Fiber With Low Backreflection |
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