KR101753233B1 - RFID card learning apparatus and operating method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an RFID card learning apparatus and an operation method thereof. The RFID card learning device includes a microcontroller and a coil. The RFID card learning device is powered by electromagnetic induction or by a battery. In the learning mode, the ID number and data of the RFID card are read and stored in the microcontroller. In normal mode, when the RFID card learning device detects an electromagnetic signal transmitted from an RFID card reader, the RFID card learning device communicates the stored ID number and data of the RFID card with the RFID card reader.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to an RFID card learning apparatus and an operation method thereof,

This application claims the benefit of priority to Taiwanese application Serial No. 103103586, filed on January 29, 2014, and Taiwan Application Serial No. 102123122600, filed on June 28, The above applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and are part of this specification.

Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to an electronic apparatus, and more particularly, to an RFID card learning apparatus and an operation method thereof.

In modern societies, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has been widely applied to various areas such as elevator cards, entrance cards, ID cards, electronic payment, etc. due to the advantages of non-contact identification and high data security. The RFID system consists mainly of a reader and an RFID tag. Both the reader and the RFID tag are comprised of coils to facilitate implementation of wireless RF transmissions. An RFID tag (for example, an RFID card) includes a coil and an RFID chip, and the RFID chip is electrically connected to the coil. When an RFID tag (for example, an RFID card) reaches the reader, the coil of the RFID tag and the coil of the reader communicate with each other.

However, since the RFID card is widely applied in everyday life, the user must carry the RFID card at the time of going out, and the RFID card or the wearable device (for example, a pendant, For example, a bracelet) has been developed in the market, if the RFID card needs to be replaced, the portable device or the wearable device must be replaced together, and the existing device can not be used continuously.

Therefore, further investigation of the above-mentioned problems is required to find a possible solution.

The present invention relates to a radio frequency identification (RFID) card learning apparatus and an operation method thereof, whereby an ID number and data of at least one RFID card are read, and the read ID number and data are transmitted to the RFID card learning apparatus And replaces the read RFID card.

The present invention provides an RFID card learning apparatus, which is adapted to read the ID number and data of a low frequency RFID card. The RFID card learning apparatus includes a microcontroller and a coil. The coil is coupled to the microcontroller and senses electromagnetic signals to form an electromagnetic load or antenna, and the RFID card learning device does not have an RFID card read chip.

The present invention provides an RFID card learning device, which is adapted to simulate a low frequency RFID card and transmit an ID number and data. The RFID card learning apparatus includes a microcontroller and a coil. The coil is coupled to the microcontroller and senses electromagnetic signals to form an electromagnetic load or antenna, and the RFID card learning device does not have an RFID card read chip.

The present invention provides an RFID card learning apparatus, which is adapted to exchange ID numbers and data with high frequency RFID cards. The RFID card learning apparatus includes a microcontroller and a coil. The coil is connected to the microcontroller and senses an electromagnetic signal to form an electromagnetic load or antenna, and the RFID card learning device does not have a high frequency RFID card read-write chip.

The present invention provides an RFID card learning apparatus, which is adapted to simulate a high frequency RFID card and to exchange ID numbers and data with high frequency RFID read-write devices. The RFID card learning apparatus includes a microcontroller and a coil. The coil is connected to the microcontroller and senses an electromagnetic signal to form an electromagnetic load or antenna, and the RFID card learning device does not have a high frequency RFID card chip.

The present invention provides an RFID card learning apparatus, which is adapted to read the ID number and data from a low frequency RFID card, and to interchange the ID counter and data with the high frequency RFID card. The RFID card learning apparatus includes a microcontroller and a coil. The coil is coupled to the microcontroller and senses electromagnetic signals to form an electromagnetic load or antenna.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the RFID card learning apparatus stores a plurality of different ID numbers and data. When the RFID card learning device approaches a low frequency reading device or a high frequency RFID read-write device, the RFID card learning device automatically makes a decision according to the received carrier frequency, and when accessing the low frequency reading device, And interchanges the ID number and data with the high frequency RFID read-write device when accessing the high frequency RFID read-write device.

The present invention provides an RFID card learning apparatus, which is adapted to simulate a low frequency RFID card to transmit an ID number and data, adapted to a high frequency RFID card, interchanges the ID number and data with a high frequency RFID read- . The RFID card learning apparatus includes a microcontroller and a coil. The coil is coupled to the microcontroller and senses electromagnetic signals to form an electromagnetic load or antenna.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the RFID card learning apparatus approaches the RFID card reading apparatus, the RFID card learning apparatus automatically performs the determination according to the received carrier frequency, and in the case of the low frequency RFID reading apparatus, Data is switched and transmitted to the low frequency RFID reader at regular time intervals, and in the case of the high frequency RFID reader-writer, other ID numbers and data are exchanged with the high frequency RFID reader-writer at regular time intervals.

The present invention provides an RFID card learning apparatus including a microcontroller and a coil. Wherein the coil is connected to the microcontroller and senses an electromagnetic signal to form an electromagnetic load, and when the RFID card learning device approaches a low frequency reading device or a high frequency reading-writing device of an external device, Is caused by the level fluctuation of the carrier signal received from the reading device or the high-frequency read-write device. The RFID card learning apparatus can read the ID number and data of the low frequency RFID card, and exchange the ID number and data with the high frequency RFID card. The RFID card learning apparatus is packaged as a single chip, the single chip comprising a microprocessor and an inductive element, the inductive element being one of a coil, an antenna or a circuit trace on a circuit board.

The present invention provides an RFID card learning apparatus that simulates a low frequency RFID card and is adapted to transmit an ID number and data, simulates a high frequency RFID card, configured to interchange the ID number and data with the high frequency RFID card do. The RFID card learning apparatus is packaged as a single chip, the single chip comprising a microprocessor and an inductive element, the inductive element being one of a coil, an antenna or a circuit trace on a circuit board.

The present invention provides an RFID card learning apparatus including a microcontroller and a coil. The coil is coupled to a microcontroller and receives a first signal, the first signal comprising an RFID card number. The microcontroller receives the first signal through the coil and stores the RFID card number. When the microcontroller receives the read request, the microcontroller transmits the RFID card number through the coil.

The present invention provides a method of operating an RFID card learning apparatus, comprising the following steps. A microcontroller and a coil are configured, and the microcontroller receives a first signal through the coil, the first signal includes an RFID card number, and the microcontroller stores the RFID card number. When the microcontroller receives a read request, the microcontroller transmits the RFID card number through the coil.

According to the above description, the RFID card learning apparatus and the operation method can read and store the ID number and data of at least one RFID card, so that the ID numbers and data of the RFID cards can be integrated into one device have. Since the microcontroller is used to implement the RFID card learning apparatus of the present invention, portability of the apparatus is achieved.

In order that the above and other features and advantages of the present invention may be understood, numerous exemplary embodiments, together with the drawings, are described in detail below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
1 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency identification (RFID) card learning apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a circuit schematic diagram of an RFID card learning apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a circuit schematic diagram of an RFID card learning apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of an RFID card learning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a circuit schematic diagram of an RFID card learning apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a circuit schematic diagram of an RFID card learning apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a schematic diagram of an RFID card learning apparatus implemented with a clock.
8 is a schematic diagram of an application of an RFID card learning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a schematic diagram of another application of an RFID card learning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a waveform diagram when the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 of the RFID card learning apparatus 10 of FIG. 2 are not connected to the coil 12. FIG.
11 is a waveform diagram when the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 of the RFID card learning apparatus 10 of FIG. 2 are connected to the coil 12. FIG.
12 is an enlarged view of block b1101 in Fig.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing values obtained by converting the input analog signals into digital signals by the ADC input pin when the RFID card in the embodiment of FIG. 2 is not read.
14 is a diagram showing values obtained by converting the input analog signals into digital signals by the ADC input pin when the RFID card in the embodiment of FIG. 2 is read.
15 is a signal waveform diagram when a low frequency RFID card is simulated.
16 is a waveform diagram of the I / O port pin 2 and the PWM output port pin when the coil 12 is not connected.
17 is a waveform diagram of the I / O port pin 2 and the PWM output port pin when the coil 12 is connected.
18 is a waveform diagram when the microcontroller controls the output PWM signal of the PWM output port pin which enables / disables the transmission of the REQA command according to the transmission format.
19 is a waveform diagram when the microcontroller transmits a REQA command.
20 is a waveform diagram when the microcontroller transmits a REQA command.
21 is a waveform diagram when the microcontroller transmits a SELECT command.
22 is a waveform diagram when the microcontroller transmits an instruction by the REQA and receives an ATQA response from the RFID.
23 is a waveform diagram having an enlarged time base when an RFID card responds to an ATQA response;
24 is a waveform diagram when a microcontroller transmits a SELECT command and receives a UID number transmitted backward from an RFID card.
25 is a waveform diagram when the RFID card transmits the ATQA response inversely.
26 is a waveform diagram when the RFID card transmits the ID number backward.
Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of analyzing UID waveform data and converting it to an ID number.
28 is a waveform diagram showing how the microcontroller 11 receives the REQA command transmitted by the RFID card reader.
29 is a waveform diagram when the microcontroller 11 receives an REQA command from an RFID card reader and transmits an ATQA response.
30 is an enlarged waveform diagram of the ATQA response of FIG. 29;
31 is a waveform diagram when the microcontroller receives the SELECT command from the RFID card reader and transmits the UID number stored in the RFID card learning device.
FIG. 32 is an enlarged waveform diagram when the microcontroller transmits the UID number in FIG. 31; FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Now, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and specification to refer to the same or like parts.

1 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency identification (RFID) card learning apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, an RFID card learning apparatus 10 includes a microcontroller 11 and a coil 12. The microcontroller 11 may be a hardware device having computing capability. In this embodiment, the microcontroller 11 may be integrated into an integrated circuit (e.g., a chip). The microcontroller 11 can output a voltage to the coil 12 at a regular frequency. Further, the microcontroller 11 may be an 8-bit microcontroller or a 4-bit microcontroller, which is not limited by the present invention. In this embodiment, the coil 12 acts as a medium for transmitting radio signals between the RFID card learning device and the RFID tag.

In the present embodiment, the RFID card may be an RFID tag or an RFID electronic key (key fob) or a short range communication (NFC) tag, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The RFID card may be an access card, an elevator card, an ID card, or the like. In this embodiment, the coil 12 may be an induction coil adapted to RFID technology or NFC technology. In other embodiments, the coil 12 may be implemented with an inductor, but the invention is not so limited. In an exemplary embodiment, the RFID card learning apparatus may be packaged as a single chip, i.e., a single chip includes the aforementioned microcontroller and inductive element (e.g., microcontroller 11 and coil 12)). In another exemplary embodiment, the inductive element may be an antenna of a circuit trace on a particular RFID card or circuit board, and the inductive element may be an inductor or other active or passive element having inductive function.

In this embodiment, the RFID learning apparatus may store a plurality of different ID numbers and data. The RFID learning apparatus 10 can read the ID number and data of the low frequency RFID card, exchange the ID number and data with the high frequency RFID card. The low frequency RFID card is, for example, an RFID card having a communication carrier frequency of less than 150 kHz, and the high frequency RFID card is an RFID card having a communication carrier frequency of 150 kHz to 40 MHz.

The RFID card learning apparatus of the present invention can read the ID number and data of the low frequency RFID card, exchange the ID number and data with the high frequency RFID card. In another embodiment, an RFID card learning apparatus of the present invention is adapted to simulate a low frequency RFID card, adapted to transmit an ID number and data, simulates a high frequency RFID card and identifies a high frequency RFID read- And to exchange data.

2 is a circuit schematic diagram of an RFID card learning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 2, the RFID card learning apparatus of Figure 2 is configured to read and simulate a low frequency RFID card. A low frequency RFID card is, for example, an RFID card having a communication carrier frequency of less than 150 kHz, and its typical applications include access cards, elevator cards, and the like. 2 is an active device and the power pin VDD and ground pin GND of its microcontroller 11 are connected to an external power supply 13 such as, for example, a battery or a direct current (DC) .

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, one end of the coil 12 is connected to the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 is connected to the ADC input pin. The other end of the coil 12 is connected to the I / O port pin 2 and the ADC input pin. The ADC input pin is used to receive the analog signal sensed by the antenna and the microcontroller 11 converts the sensed analog signal into a digital signal for interpretation of information such as an ID number. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the RFID card learning apparatus of the present invention may be a passive device, and the passive device does not require external power.

4 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of an RFID card learning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 and 4, the microcontroller 11 receives a first signal via a coil 12, the first signal includes an RFID card number, and the microcontroller 11 transmits the RFID card number (Step S410). When the microcontroller 11 receives the read request, the microcontroller 11 transmits the RFID card number through the coil 12 (step S420).

The RFID card learning devices of FIGS. 5-6 are adapted to read and simulate a high frequency RFID card and a low frequency RFID card. A high-frequency RFID card is an RFID card having a communication carrier frequency of more than 150 kHz and less than 40 MHz, which is an RFID card according to standards such as ISO / IEC 14443A, ISO / IEC14443B, JIS X 6319-4, ISO / IEC15693, ISO / IEC18000-3 Cards. 5 and 6, the difference between FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 is that the RFID card learning apparatus of FIG. 5 is an active device and the power supply pin VDD and ground pin GND of its microcontroller 11 For example, a battery, a direct current (DC) power supply or the like, whereas the RFID card learning device is a passive device that does not need to connect an external power source. 5, the microcontroller 11 of FIG. 5 includes a PWM output port pin, an OP + input pin, an OP- input pin, an OP output pin, and an I / O pin for outputting an output pulse-width- And a port pin (3). The PWM output port pin is connected to the I / O port pin (1). One end of the antenna 12 is connected to the PWM output port pin and the I / O port pin 1 and the other end of the antenna 12 is connected to the I / O port pin 2 and the ADC input pin.

The input terminal of the input stage circuit 14 is connected to the other end of the antenna 12 and the output terminal of the input stage circuit 14 is connected to the OP + input pin and the OP- input pin. Diode D1 is used for rectification. The input stage circuit 14 includes capacitors C1, C2 and C3, resistors R1, R2 and R3, and a diode D1. One end of the diode D1 and one end of the capacitor C1 are connected to the input terminal of the input stage circuit 14. [ The other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the ground, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of each of the resistors R1, R2 and R3. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the ground and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2 and the OP + The other end and the OP- input pin. The other ends of the capacitors C2 and C3 are connected to ground. The resistors R2 and R3 are used for low-pass filtering. Capacitor C1 is a coupling capacitor, which is used to adjust the frequency. After the electromagnetic signal sensed by the antenna 12 is processed by the input stage circuit 14, the electromagnetic signal is transmitted to the operational amplifier OP1 in the microcontroller 11 via the OP + input pin and the OP- And the electromagnetic signal is amplified and output through the OP output pin. In this embodiment, the turn of the antenna 12 of the active RFID card learning apparatus 10 of Fig. 5 is eight to nine rounds. The winding of the antenna 12 of the passive RFID card learning apparatus 10 of Figure 6 is adapted to generate at least about 60 or at least about < RTI ID = 0.0 > More than that. Further, the RFID card learning apparatuses 10 of Figs. 5 and 6 can alternately transmit a low-frequency signal and a high-frequency signal so as to read the low-frequency RFID card reader and the high-frequency RFID card reader.

7 is a schematic diagram of an RFID card learning apparatus implemented by a clock. Referring to FIG. 7, the RFID card learning apparatus 70 includes a watch body 75 and a watch band 76. The microcontroller is incorporated in the watch body 75. The coil 72 is disposed in the watch body 75 and the time display area 751 and the display lamp 752 are disposed in the watch body 75. [ The time display area 751 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD). The display lamp 752 may be an LED lamp. The watch body 75 has buttons 753 and 754 on its side which are used to switch modes of the RFID card learning device 70. [

8 is a schematic view showing a state where an RFID card learning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. 8, the RFID card learning apparatus 70 may store ID numbers of a plurality of RFID cards, and the ID card 81, the access card 82, or the elevator card 83 may be connected to the RFID card learning apparatus The RFID card learning apparatus 70 can be accessed by pressing the button of the RFID card learning apparatus 70 to start the RFID card duplication mode (learning mode), and when the display lamp 752 is turned on, duplication is completed.

One or more sets of redundant RFID card numbers and data may be stored in a rewritable flash memory (FlashRom), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), or static random access memory (SRAM) Or may be stored in an external device or memory electrically connected to the microcontroller 11. The ID number of the low frequency RFID card occupies about 5 bytes. In addition to the ID number, the high frequency RFID card additionally stores information, the ID number and information of the high frequency RFID card occupy a capacity of about 1k byte, the buttons may be used to store the ID number of the high frequency RFID card alone, May be used to switch storing the ID number plus the above information of the high frequency RFID card.

9 is a schematic diagram of another application of an RFID card learning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 9, an RFID card learning apparatus 70 for storing information (such as an ID number) of the access card 82 can be used as the access card 82 and the RFID card learning apparatus 70 can be used as the RFID card When approaching the read-write device 91, the RFID card learning device 70 simulates the signal of the access card 82. The RFID card read-write device 91 refers to a card reader (for example, a card reader device used for elevator or access control), a mobile phone, a tablet PC, etc., which can exchange data with an RFID card. The RFID card learning device 70 can sequentially switch to other RFID card numbers at one time intervals (e.g., 50 ms to 200 ms), or the button 754 can be pressed to switch to other RFID card numbers .

In the present invention, the microcontroller and the coil are used to implement the RFID card learning function. As long as a suitable microcontroller is selected, a single IC may be used to manufacture a product having an RFID card learning function. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, a microcontroller having an LCD display control function is selected to manufacture a clock having an RFID card learning function, and a product is developed, and a key ring or a loop ring A small volume microcontroller is selected to develop the product.

Conventional RFID card readers include antennas, oscillators, antenna drivers, demodulators, filters, amplifiers and data decoders. The antenna driver receives the signal sent by the oscillator and transmits the signal to the antenna. When the RFID card is brought close to the antenna and causes a voltage change of the antenna, the signal is passed to a demodulator for analog-to-digital conversion and further processed by a filter and an amplifier, Number and data are obtained. The microcontroller of the RFID card learning apparatus of the present invention outputs a voltage at a normal frequency to an output port connected to the coil so that the RFID card close to the coil is charged and implements the function of the antenna driver of the RFID card reader . The analog-to-digital converter, counter or operational amplifier of the microcontroller detects the current change or voltage change of the coil to determine the load variation of the sensing device, which implements the functions of the demodulator, filter and amplifier of the RFID card reader. The microcontroller implements a function of the data decoder to obtain a RFID card number and data by executing a program for analyzing the load fluctuation. The microcontroller controls the input output port as a varied load and wirelessly exchanges the ID number of the RFID card or the data read or written to the RFID card read-write device, and the RFID card read- When the device needs to write data, the data is written to the flash ROM, EEPROM or SRAM of the microcontroller. In addition, the read one or more RFID cards may be preselected, and when the RFID card accesses the RFID card read-write device, the RFID card reads the RFID card read- .

According to the above description, the RFID card learning apparatus and its operation method can read and store ID numbers and data of at least one RFID card, and data and ID numbers of a plurality of RFID cards can be integrated into one apparatus . Since the RFID card learning apparatus of the present invention is implemented by a microcontroller, the portability of the RFID card learning apparatus is achieved.

In the following description, the reading of the low frequency RFID card, the simulation of the low frequency RFID card, the reading of the ID number and data of the high frequency RFID card, and the simulation of the high frequency RFID card will be described in detail.

First, a method is described in which the RFID card learning apparatus reads a low frequency RFID card (learning mode). 10 shows waveforms when the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 of the RFID card learning apparatus 10 of FIG. 2 are not connected to the coil 12. FIG. . The waveform P1001 represents the voltage variation of the I / O port pin 1 and the waveform P1002 represents the voltage variation of the I / O port pin 2. [ The microcontroller 11 first outputs a square wave at the carrier frequency through the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2, the frequency of the square wave is about 125 kHz, 8 μs.

11 is a waveform diagram when the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 of the RFID card learning apparatus 10 of FIG. 2 are connected to the coil 12. FIG. In this embodiment, the capacity by which the microcontroller 11 pulls down the voltage to a low level is larger than the capacity by which the microcontroller 11 pulls up the voltage to a high level. Thus, when one of the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 outputs a low level and the other outputs a high level, the I / O port pin 1 ) Or I / O port pin (2) will pull down to low level within a short time. Referring to block 1101 surrounded by a dotted line in FIG. 11, when voltage P1001 of I / O port 1 is pulled down to a low level, voltage P1002 of I / O port pin 1 and pulled down from a high level to a low level.

12 is an enlarged view of block b1101 in Fig. Referring to FIG. 12, the rate of decrease of I / O port pin 2 voltage P1002 is related to the magnitude of the load impedance. The load impedance is related to the internal circuitry of the read RFID card and the coil 12. In the present invention, when the voltage (P1001) of the pin I / O port 1 is pulled down to the low level, the analog-to-digital conversion function is activated. Further, the magnitude of the load impedance can be determined according to the slope of the voltage P1002 of the I / O port pin 2 (i.e., the value of the voltage drop a2 divided by the time a1) falling from the high level to the low level have. The larger the value of the voltage drop a2 divided by the time a1, that is, the larger the slope, the larger the load impedance. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing values obtained by converting the input analog signals into digital signals by the ADC input pin when the RFID card in the embodiment of FIG. 2 is not read. When the RFID card is not read, the obtained value of the digital signal is "52" or "51 ", which has a small fluctuation range. 14 is a diagram showing values obtained by converting the input analog signals into digital signals by the ADC input pin when the RFID card in the embodiment of FIG. 2 is read. In the present invention, the block b1401 is a header, its length is 9 bits, the displayed values are nine consecutive "1 ", and when a header is obtained, data decoding is performed according to the transmission format of the low- The ID number shown in block b1402 is thus obtained.

A method by which the RFID card learning apparatus simulates a low frequency RFID card (normal mode) is described below. 2, the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 are set as input ports, and the microcontroller 11 is connected via the I / waking up function is activated. When the RFID card learning apparatus approaches the RFID card reader, the I / O port receives the level variation of the carrier signal of the RFID card reader and makes the microcontroller 11 rise. The microcontroller 11 determines the frequency of the carrier signal and in the case of a low frequency the microcontroller 11 transfers the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 to the input port Or an output port to form a varied load having a connected coil 12 for transmitting the ID number to the RFID card reader.

15, the digital signal value of the simulated low frequency RFID card is obtained according to the voltage waveform P1001 of the I / O port pin 1 and the voltage waveform P1002 of the I / O port pin 2 . Block 1501 is a header. When the voltage P1001 of the I / O port pin 1 is pulled down from the high amplitude to the low amplitude, it indicates a binary bit of "1 ", and the voltage P1001 of the I / When it is pulled up from the amplitude to the high amplitude, it represents a binary bit of "0 ", and the blocks b1502 to b1505 represent the transmitted RFIDs of hexadecimal" 0 ", "1 "," 0 & Indicate the card number. RFID card readers can interpret sensed load variations such as ID numbers and data. When the ID number and the data are continuously transmitted several times (about 3-4 times), the RFID card reader receives the ID number and data transmitted by the microcontroller 11, and the simulation of the low frequency RFID card is completed.

A method for the RFID card learning apparatus to read the ID number and data of the high frequency RFID card will be described (learning mode). For example, when the RFID card learning apparatus of Fig. 5 reads an NFC type-A RFID card, the microcontroller 11 first performs pulse width modulation (PWM) at the frequency of the high frequency carrier (13.56 MHz, about 73.7 ns cycle) O port pin 1 is set to a floating state, and the I / O port pin 2 is set to a high electric potential. 16 is a waveform diagram of the I / O port pin 2 and the PWM output port pin when the coil 12 is not connected. FIG. 17 is a waveform diagram of the I / O port pin 2 when the coil 12 is connected. (2) and a PWM output port pin. Waveform P1601 indicates the voltage of the I / O port pin 2, and waveform P1602 indicates the voltage of the PWM output port pin. 17, at time t1, when the voltage (P1602) of the PWM output port pin starts to change, the voltage (P1601) of the I / O port pin 2 is changed accordingly. 18 is a graph showing the relationship between the voltage of the I / O port pin 2 at the time when the microcontroller 11 controls the output PWM signal of the PWM output port pin which enables / disables transmission of the REQA (request) Waveform P1601 and voltage waveform P1602 of the PWM output port pin where the REQA command conforms to the ISO 14443A standard and the function of the REQA command is to request an RFID card to transmit the signal.

5, the waveform P1901 represents the voltage of the I / O port pin 2 of FIG. 5, and the waveform P1902 represents the voltage of the OP + input pin of the operational amplifier OP1 The waveform P1903 indicates the voltage of the OP- input pin (the negative terminal of the operational amplifier OP1) in Fig. 5 and the waveform P1904 indicates the voltage of the OP output pin (the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP1) ≪ / RTI > 19 and 20 are waveform diagrams obtained when the microcontroller 11 transmits a REQA command. 21 is a waveform diagram when the microcontroller 11 transmits a SELECT command. The function of the SELECT command is to request the RFID card to transmit the ID number. As shown in FIG. 22, when the microcontroller 11 transmits a REQA command (at a time interval from a time point t1 to a time point T2), if the NFC type-A RFID card is connected to the coil 12 Upon approaching, the RFID card responds with an ATQA response as indicated at time t4 from time t3 (ATQA response) and the microcontroller 11 determines that an NFC type-A high frequency RFID card is present. It should be noted that the ATQA response conforms to the ISO 14443 standard. 23 is a waveform diagram of an enlarged time base when the RFID card responds to the ATQA response. 24, the microcontroller 11 transmits a SELECT command, and during the time interval between the time t3 and the time t4, the RFID card transmits the UID of the RFID card Send the number backwards. 24, the length of the UID number transmitted backward by the RFID card is 4 bytes. 25 is a waveform diagram when an RFID card transmits an ATQA response inversely. 26 is a waveform diagram when the RFID card transmits the UID number backward. 27 is an output record of the I / O port pin 3 connected to the output pin of the OP output of the amplifier of the circuit of Fig. 5 when the RFID card transmits the UID number backwards, where block b2701 is an I / Stores the data associated with the interval lengths of the high level and low level conversions of port 3 and the microcontroller 11 decodes the data to obtain the ID number indicated by block 2702. [ Thereafter, other data of the RFID card is read according to an instruction of the NFC type-A standard and stored in the microcontroller 11 to simulate the data storage memory of the RFID card. In this manner, the read operation is completed.

A method by which the RFID card learning device simulates a high frequency RFID card (normal mode) is described below. Taking the RFID card learning apparatus of the embodiment of FIG. 5 as an example, the PWM output port pin is disabled and the output of the output PWM signal is stopped. The I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 are set as input ports and are connected to the microcontroller 11 using the I / O port pin 1 or the I / (When the RFID card learning apparatus approaches the RFID card reader, the coil 12 has a voltage fluctuation due to electromagnetic induction, thereby raising the microcontroller 12). When the RFID card learning apparatus approaches the RFID card reader, the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 receive the level fluctuation of the carrier signal of the RFID card reader to warm up the microcontroller 11 , The microcontroller 11 determines whether the RFID card reader is a low frequency RFID card reader or a high frequency RFID card reader according to the carrier frequency. When the RFID card reader is a high frequency RFID card reader, the microcontroller 11 waits for a response after the RFID card reader transmits a command. 28 to 32, FIG. 28 is a waveform diagram when a microcontroller receives an REQA command transmitted by an RFID card reader. The waveform P2801 represents the voltage of the I / O port pin 2 in Fig. 5, the waveform P2802 represents the voltage of the OP + input voltage pin (the positive terminal of the operational amplifier OP1) in Fig. 5, (Output terminal of the operational amplifier OP1) of Fig. 5) and the waveform of Fig. 5 (the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP2) . The microcontroller 11 receives the command from the RFID card reader and interprets the command as the REQA command during the time interval from the time point t1 to the time point t2 in Fig. O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 to the input port or the output port in accordance with the transmission format and the timing and from the time point t3 to the time point t4 in FIG. 29 To form a varied load with a connecting coil 12 for transmitting the ATQA response waveform, as shown in Fig. 30 is a diagram showing an enlarged waveform of the ATQA response from the time point t3 to the time point t4 in FIG. 31 shows the waveform at the time when the microcontroller 11 receives the SELECT command from the RFID card reader. The time interval from the time t3 to the time t4 Indicates a waveform when the microcontroller 11 transmits the UID number stored in the RFID card learning apparatus. 32 is an enlarged waveform diagram when the microcontroller 11 transmits the UID number during the time interval from the time point t3 to the time point t4 in FIG. In this case, according to the NFC type-A standard, when an instruction is received from the RFID card reader, the data storage memory in the microcontroller 11 used to simulate the RFID card is accessed to simulate the high frequency RFID card.

In summary, the RFID card learning apparatus and its operation method can read and store ID numbers and data of at least one RFID card, so that the ID numbers and data of a plurality of RFID cards can be integrated into one device. Since the microcontroller is used to implement the RFID card learning apparatus of the present invention, portability of the apparatus is achieved. Further, the microcontroller 11 can be woken up when the I / O port pin 1 and the I / O port pin 2 receive the voltage level fluctuation of the carrier signal from the RFID card reader, and the power saving effect is achieved.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the following claims and equivalents thereof, and the present invention is intended to cover such modifications and variations.

Claims (14)

Adapted to simulate the card reader to read serial number and data of at least one of the plurality of RFID cards and to adapt to simulate the at least one of the plurality of RFID cards, And an RFID card learning device for transmitting the serial number and data,
A microcontroller including at least one I / O port and one ADC input port; And
A coil having one end connected to the I / O port of the microcontroller and the other end connected to the ADC input port,
The coil senses an electromagnetic signal,
When the RFID card learning apparatus is operated to simulate the card reader in the learning mode to read one of the plurality of RFID cards,
The microcontroller outputs a voltage signal having a frequency to the coil through the I / O port to charge the one of the plurality of RFID cards,
The microcontroller receives a sensed electromagnetic signal from the coil through the ADC input port in response to the voltage signal, detects a current variation or a voltage variation of the sensed electromagnetic signal to determine a load variation, Acquiring a digital signal as an ID number and data corresponding to the one of the plurality of RFID cards, and transmitting the ID number and data corresponding to the one of the plurality of RFID cards to a plurality of different ID numbers and data , ≪ / RTI >
When the RFID card learning apparatus operates in a normal mode for simulating the at least one of the plurality of RFID cards,
Wherein the microcontroller is triggered by a level change of a carrier signal of the card reader,
Wherein the microcontroller determines whether the card reader is a high frequency RFID card reader or a low frequency RFID card reader according to a carrier frequency of the carrier signal, And simulates one of the plurality of RFID cards by sequentially transmitting the plurality of ID numbers and data corresponding to the plurality of RFID cards. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein each of the plurality of RFID cards is an RFID electronic key (RFID) key, an RFID tag, or an NFC tag. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein each of the plurality of RFID cards is a low frequency RFID card having a communication carrier frequency of less than 150 kHz. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein each of the plurality of RFID cards is a high frequency RFID card having a communication carrier frequency of 150 kHz to 40 MHz. The method according to claim 1,
The microcontroller further includes another I / O port and a PWM output port, and the microcontroller outputs a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) signal through a PWM output port, Connected to said one end of said coil connected to an I / O port,
Wherein the I / O port of the microcontroller is set to floating when the RFID card learning apparatus is operating in the learning mode and the other I / O port of the microcontroller is at a high potential And the PWM signal is transmitted to the coil to read the one of the plurality of RFID cards. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising an input stage circuit,
The microcontroller further includes a positive OP input port, a negative polarity OP input port, an OP output port, and an operational amplifier, wherein inputs of the positive polarity OP input port and the negative polarity OP input port are used as two inputs of the operational amplifier, An output of the operational amplifier is connected to the OP output port,
An input terminal of the input stage circuit is connected to the other end of the coil and the ADC input port,
A first output terminal of the input stage circuit is connected to the positive polarity OP input port of the microcontroller,
A second output terminal of the input stage circuit is connected to the negative pole OP input port of the microcontroller,
Wherein the input stage circuit is capable of using a capacitor connected to the coil to adjust the frequency of the electromagnetic signals sensed by the coil,
Wherein the input stage circuit is configured to perform a low-pass filtering, before the electromagnetic signals sensed by the coil are transmitted to the anode OP input port of the microcontroller or to the cathode OP input port of the microcontroller, Device. As a wearable product in which a micro controller and a coil are integrated,
The microcontroller includes a first I / O port, a second I / O port, and an ADC input port; And
A coil having one end connected to the first I / O port of the microcontroller and the other end connected to the second I / O port and the ADC input port,
The coil forming an electromagnetic load or antenna,
The microcontroller outputs a voltage signal having a frequency to the coil through the first I / O port to charge one of the plurality of RFID cards,
The microcontroller receiving a first signal through the coil without demodulation, the first signal comprising an RFID card number and data,
The microcontroller stores the RFID card number and data by obtaining the RFID card number using the load fluctuation by detecting a current fluctuation or a voltage fluctuation of the first signal to determine a load fluctuation,
When the microcontroller receives a read request and is triggered by a level change of a carrier signal of the card reader, the microcontroller determines whether the card reader is a high frequency RFID card reader or a low frequency RFID card And the microcontroller transmits the RFID card number via the coil according to a corresponding transmission format and timing. A method of operating a wearable product, the wearable product comprising a microcontroller and a coil,
Outputting a voltage signal having a frequency by the microcontroller to the coil to charge one of the plurality of RFID cards;
Receiving a first signal comprising an RFID card number through the coil in response to the voltage signal;
Detecting a current fluctuation or a voltage fluctuation of the first signal by the microcontroller to determine a load fluctuation, obtaining the RFID card number using the load fluctuation, and storing the RFID card number; And
And transmitting the RFID card number via the coil by the microcontroller when the microcontroller receives the read request and is triggered by a level change of the carrier signal of the card reader,
Wherein the microcontroller determines whether the card reader is a high frequency RFID card reader or a low frequency RFID card reader according to a carrier frequency of the carrier signal and transmits the RFID card number according to a transmission format and timing, Lt; / RTI > delete delete delete delete delete delete

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