KR101741796B1 - Vessel - Google Patents

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Publication number
KR101741796B1
KR101741796B1 KR1020160128358A KR20160128358A KR101741796B1 KR 101741796 B1 KR101741796 B1 KR 101741796B1 KR 1020160128358 A KR1020160128358 A KR 1020160128358A KR 20160128358 A KR20160128358 A KR 20160128358A KR 101741796 B1 KR101741796 B1 KR 101741796B1
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
flow
fluid
compressed
cooled
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KR1020160128358A
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Korean (ko)
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이승철
나희승
장나형
김윤기
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대우조선해양 주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0185—Arrangement comprising several pumps or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0348—Water cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0358—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling by expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/038—Treating the boil-off by recovery with expanding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Abstract

Disclosed is a vessel embedded with a liquefied gas storage tank. According to the present invention, the vessel comprises: a multistage compressor compressing evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank and including multiple compression cylinders; a second heat exchanger performing heat exchange of a fluid compressed by the multistage compressor to cool the fluid; a first decompression device to expand a flow (hereinafter, a1 flow) partially branched from the fluid (hereinafter, a flow) cooled by the second heat exchanger; a third heat exchanger performing heat exchange of the remaining fluid (hereinafter, a2 flow) excluding the a1 flow branched from the flow by using the a1 flow expanded by the first decompression device as a coolant, to cool the remaining fluid (hereinafter, a2 flow); and a second decompression device to expand the a2 flow cooled by the third heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger cools the fluid compressed by the multi-stage compressor by using the a2 flow expanded by the second decompression device as a coolant.

Description

선박{Vessel}Ship {Vessel}

본 발명은 선박에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는, 저장탱크 내부에서 발생된 증발가스를, 증발가스 자체를 냉매로 사용하여 재액화시키는 시스템을 포함하는 선박에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ship, and more particularly, to a ship including a system for re-liquefying an evaporative gas generated in a storage tank by using evaporative gas itself as a refrigerant.

저장탱크를 단열하여도 외부의 열을 완벽하게 차단시키는데에는 한계가 있고, 내부로 전달되는 열에 의해 액화가스는 저장탱크 내에서 지속적으로 기화하게 된다. 저장탱크 내부에서 기화된 액화가스를 증발가스(BOG; Boil-Off Gas)라고 한다.Even if the storage tank is insulated, there is a limit to completely block the external heat, and the liquefied gas is constantly vaporized in the storage tank by heat transferred to the inside. The liquefied gas vaporized inside the storage tank is referred to as boil-off gas (BOG).

증발가스의 발생으로 인하여 저장탱크의 압력이 설정된 안전압력 이상이 되면, 증발가스는 안전밸브를 통하여 저장탱크의 외부로 배출된다. 저장탱크 외부로 배출된 증발가스는 선박의 연료로 사용되거나 재액화되어 다시 저장탱크로 돌려보내진다.When the pressure of the storage tank becomes higher than the set safety pressure due to the generation of the evaporation gas, the evaporation gas is discharged to the outside of the storage tank through the safety valve. The evaporated gas discharged to the outside of the storage tank is used as the fuel of the ship or is re-liquefied and returned to the storage tank.

통상 증발가스 재액화 장치는 냉동 사이클을 가지며, 이 냉동 사이클에 의해 증발가스를 냉각시킴으로써 증발가스를 재액화시킨다. 증발가스를 냉각시키기 위하여 냉각 유체와 열교환을 시키는데, 증발가스 자체를 냉각 유체로 사용하여 자가 열교환 시키는 부분 재액화 시스템(PRS; Partial Re-liquefaction System)이 사용되고 있다.Usually, the evaporation gas remelting device has a refrigeration cycle, and the evaporation gas is re-liquefied by cooling the evaporation gas by the refrigeration cycle. Partial Re-liquefaction System (PRS), which performs self-heat exchange by using evaporation gas itself as a cooling fluid, is used for heat exchange with the cooling fluid to cool the evaporation gas.

본 발명은 종래의 부분 재액화 시스템을 개량하여, 보다 효율적으로 증발가스를 재액화시킬 수 있는 시스템을 포함하는 선박을 제공하고자 한다.The present invention intends to provide a ship including a system capable of improving liquefaction of the evaporation gas more efficiently by improving the conventional partial liquefaction system.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 일 측면에 따르면, 액화가스 저장탱크가 탑재된 선박에 있어서, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시키며, 다수개의 압축실린더를 포함하는 다단압축기; 상기 다단압축기에 의해 압축된 유체를 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 제2 열교환기; 상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체(이하, 'a 흐름'이라고 함.)가 일부 분기된 흐름(이하, 'a1 흐름'이라고 함.)을 팽창시키는 제1 감압장치; 상기 제1 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 상기 'a1 흐름'을 냉매로, 상기 'a 흐름' 중 분기된 'a1 흐름'을 제외한 나머지 유체(이하, 'a2 흐름'이라고 함.)를 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 제3 열교환기; 및 상기 제3 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 상기 'a2 흐름'을 팽창시키는 제2 감압장치;를 포함하고, 상기 제2 열교환기는, 상기 제2 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 상기 'a2 흐름'을 냉매로 하여, 상기 다단압축기에 의해 압축된 유체를 냉각시키는, 선박이 제공된다.According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ship equipped with a liquefied gas storage tank, comprising: a multi-stage compressor for compressing evaporative gas discharged from the storage tank and including a plurality of compression cylinders; A second heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the fluid compressed by the multi-stage compressor to cool the fluid; A first decompression device for expanding a flow (hereinafter referred to as "a1 flow") in which a fluid cooled by the second heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as "a flow") is partially branched; (Hereinafter referred to as "a2 flow") except for the "a1 flow" branched in the "a flow" (hereinafter referred to as "a2 flow") is cooled by cooling the a1 flow expanded by the first decompression device A third heat exchanger; And a second decompression device for expanding the " a2 flow " cooled by the third heat exchanger, wherein the second heat exchanger is configured to perform the " a2 flow " expanded by the second decompression device And a vessel for cooling the fluid compressed by the multi-stage compressor.

상기 다수개의 압축실린더 중 일부 압축실린더에 의해 압축된 증발가스는, 상기 제3 열교환기에서 열교환되어 냉각된 후 나머지 압축실린더에 의해 압축될 수 있다.The evaporated gas compressed by some of the plurality of compression cylinders may be cooled by heat exchange in the third heat exchanger and then compressed by the remaining compression cylinders.

상기 다수개의 압축실린더 중 일부 압축실린더에 의해 압축된 후 상기 제3 열교환기에서 냉각된 유체는, 상기 제1 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 후 상기 제3 열교환기에서 냉매로 사용된 상기 'a1 흐름'과 합류되어, 나머지 압축실린더에 의해 압축될 수 있다.Wherein the fluid cooled in the third heat exchanger after being compressed by a part of the compression cylinders of the plurality of compression cylinders is expanded by the first decompression device and then flows into the a1 flow used as a refrigerant in the third heat exchanger, And can be compressed by the remaining compression cylinders.

상기 선박은, 상기 다단압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를, 상기 제2 열교환기로 보내기 전에 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 제1 열교환기를 더 포함할 수 있다.The ship may further include a first heat exchanger that cools the evaporated gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor before heat is transferred to the second heat exchanger.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 다른 측면에 따르면, 액화가스 저장탱크가 탑재된 선박에 적용되는 증발가스 재액화 방법에 있어서, 1) 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시킨 후 제3 열교환기에서 냉각시키고, 2) 상기 1)단계에서 상기 제3 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체를 추가 압축시키고, 3) 상기 2)단계에서 추가 압축된 증발가스를 제2 열교환기에서 냉각시키고, 4) 상기 3)단계에서 상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체를 두 흐름으로 분기시키고, 5) 상기 4)단계에서 분기된 흐름 중 한 흐름을 팽창시킨 후 상기 제3 열교환기에서 냉매로 사용하고, 6) 상기 4)단계에서 분기된 흐름 중 나머지 흐름을 상기 제3 열교환기에서 냉각시키고, 7) 상기 6)단계에서 상기 제3 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체를 팽창시켜 재액화시키고, 상기 7)단계에서 재액화된 증발가스는 상기 제2 열교환기로 공급되어 상기 3)단계에서 상기 추가 압축된 증발가스를 냉각시키는 냉매로 사용되는, 방법이 제공된다.According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of liquefying an evaporated gas applied to a ship equipped with a liquefied gas storage tank, the method comprising: 1) compressing the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank, 2) further compressing the fluid cooled by the third heat exchanger in step 1), 3) cooling the further compressed vaporized gas in the second heat exchanger in step 2), and 4) (3) expanding the flow cooled by the second heat exchanger to two flows, (5) expanding one of the flows branched in (4) and then using the refrigerant as the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger, and (6) Cooling the rest of the flows branched in step 4) in the third heat exchanger, 7) expanding the fluid cooled by the third heat exchanger in step 6) to re-liquefy the liquid, and in step 7) The liquefied boil-off gas is fed into the second heat exchange step 3) a method, which is used in step as the refrigerant to cool the further compressed boil-off gas is provided.

상기 1)단계에서 상기 제3 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체는, 상기 5)단계에서 팽창된 후 상기 제3 열교환기에서 냉매로 사용된 유체와 합류되어, 상기 2)단계의 추가 압축 과정을 거칠 수 있다.The fluid cooled by the third heat exchanger in the step 1) may be merged with the fluid used as the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger after being expanded in the step 5) have.

상기 2)단계에서 추가 압축된 증발가스는, 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 후, 상기 3)단계에서 상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 냉각될 수 있다.The evaporated gas further compressed in the step 2) may be cooled by the first heat exchanger and then cooled by the second heat exchanger in the step 3).

본 발명에 의하면, 증발가스를 재액화시키는 냉매를 다양화하여, 열교환기 전단에서 분기되는 냉매 유량을 감소시킬 수 있다.According to the present invention, it is possible to diversify the refrigerant re-liquefying the evaporation gas, thereby reducing the flow rate of the refrigerant branched at the front end of the heat exchanger.

열교환기 전단에서 분기시키는 냉매의 유량을 감소시키면, 냉매로 사용되기 위해 분기되는 증발가스는 다단압축기에 의한 압축 과정을 거치게 되므로, 다단압축기에 의해 압축되는 증발가스의 유량을 감소시킬 수 있고, 다단압축기에 의해 압축되는 증발가스의 유량이 감소되면, 거의 동일한 효율로 증발가스를 재액화시키면서도 다단압축기에서 소모되는 전력을 줄일 수 있다는 장점이 있다.When the flow rate of the refrigerant branched at the front end of the heat exchanger is reduced, the evaporation gas branched for use as the refrigerant undergoes a compression process by the multi-stage compressor, so that the flow rate of the evaporation gas compressed by the multi- When the flow rate of the evaporation gas compressed by the compressor is reduced, the power consumed in the multi-stage compressor can be reduced while the evaporation gas is re-liquefied with substantially the same efficiency.

도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 선박에 적용되는 부분 재액화 시스템의 개략적인 구성도이다.1 is a schematic block diagram of a partial liquefaction system applied to a ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

이하 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대한 구성 및 작용을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다. 본 발명의 선박은, 천연가스를 연료로 사용하는 엔진을 탑재한 선박 및 액화가스 저장탱크를 포함하는 선박 등에 다양하게 응용되어 적용될 수 있다. 또한, 하기 실시예는 여러 가지 다른 형태로 변형될 수 있으며, 본 발명의 범위가 하기 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The ship of the present invention can be applied to various applications such as a ship equipped with an engine using natural gas as fuel and a ship including a liquefied gas storage tank. In addition, the following examples can be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

본 발명의 후술할 증발가스 처리를 위한 시스템들은 저온 액체화물 또는 액화가스를 저장할 수 있는 저장탱크가 설치된 모든 종류의 선박과 해상 구조물, 즉 액화천연가스 운반선, 액화에탄가스(Liquefied Ethane Gas) 운반선, LNG RV와 같은 선박을 비롯하여, LNG FPSO, LNG FSRU와 같은 해상 구조물에 적용될 수 있다.Systems for the treatment of the evaporative gas to be described below of the present invention include all types of ships and marine structures, such as liquefied natural gas carriers, liquefied ethane gas carriers, and the like, with storage tanks capable of storing low temperature liquid cargo or liquefied gas, It can be applied to marine structures such as LNG FPSO and LNG FSRU as well as ships such as LNG RV.

또한, 본 발명의 각 라인에서의 유체는, 시스템의 운용 조건에 따라, 액체 상태, 기액 혼합 상태, 기체 상태, 초임계유체 상태 중 어느 하나의 상태일 수 있다.The fluid in each line of the present invention may be in any one of a liquid state, a gas-liquid mixed state, a gas state, and a supercritical fluid state, depending on operating conditions of the system.

도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 선박에 적용되는 부분 재액화 시스템의 개략적인 구성도이다.1 is a schematic block diagram of a partial liquefaction system applied to a ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

도 1을 참조하면, 본 실시예의 선박은, 다수개의 압축실린더(21, 22, 23)를 포함하는 다단압축기(20), 제2 열교환기(32), 제3 열교환기(40), 제1 감압장치(71), 및 제2 감압장치(72)를 포함한다.1, the ship of the present embodiment includes a multi-stage compressor 20 including a plurality of compression cylinders 21, 22 and 23, a second heat exchanger 32, a third heat exchanger 40, A pressure reducing device 71, and a second pressure reducing device 72.

본 실시예의 선박에 탑재된 저장탱크(10)에 저장된 액화가스는, 1기압에서 -110℃를 초과하는 비등점을 가질 수 있다. 또한, 저장탱크(10)에 저장된 액화가스는, 액화천연가스(LNG) 또는 액화석유가스(LPG)일 수 있고, 메탄, 에탄, 중탄화수소 등 복수의 성분을 포함할 수도 있다.The liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 10 mounted on the ship of this embodiment may have a boiling point exceeding -110 DEG C at 1 atm. The liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 10 may be liquefied natural gas (LNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and may contain a plurality of components such as methane, ethane, and heavy hydrocarbons.

본 실시예의 다단압축기(20)는 저장탱크(10)로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시킨다. 다단압축기(20)는 다수개의 압축실린더를 포함하는데, 일례로 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 세 개의 압축실린더(21, 22, 23)를 포함할 수 있다. 본 실시예의 저장탱크(10)로부터 배출되어, 다단압축기(20)에 포함된 다수개의 압축실린더 중 일부 압축실린더를 통과하며 압축된 증발가스는, 제3 열교환기(40)에 의해 냉각된 후, 다시 다단압축기(20)로 보내져 나머지 압축실린더를 통과한다. 도 1에는 제1 압축실린더(21)에 의해 압축된 증발가스가 제3 열교환기(40)에 의해 냉각된 후 제2 압축실린더(22) 및 제3 압축실린더(23)에 의해 압축되는 과정이 도시되어 있다.The multi-stage compressor (20) of this embodiment compresses the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank (10). The multi-stage compressor 20 includes a plurality of compression cylinders, and may include three compression cylinders 21, 22, and 23 as shown in FIG. 1, for example. After being discharged from the storage tank 10 of this embodiment and passing through some of the plurality of compression cylinders included in the multi-stage compressor 20, the compressed evaporated gas is cooled by the third heat exchanger 40, Stage compressor (20) and passes through the remaining compression cylinder (20). 1 shows a process in which the evaporated gas compressed by the first compression cylinder 21 is cooled by the third heat exchanger 40 and then compressed by the second compression cylinder 22 and the third compression cylinder 23 Respectively.

다단압축기(20)의 일부 압축실린더(21)를 통과하고 제3 열교환기(40)에 의해 냉각된 후 다단압축기(20)의 나머지 압축실린더(22, 23)를 통과한 유체는 제2 열교환기(32)에서 자가열교환되어 냉각된 후, 다시 제3 열교환기(40)로 보내진다(a 흐름). 자가열교환의 자가(self-)는, 증발가스 자체를 냉매로 사용하는 것을 의미한다.The fluid that has passed through the remaining compression cylinders 22 and 23 of the multi-stage compressor 20 after passing through the compression cylinder 21 of the multi-stage compressor 20 and cooled by the third heat exchanger 40, Exchanged in the first heat exchanger 32 and then sent again to the third heat exchanger 40 (a flow). The self-self-heat exchange means that the evaporation gas itself is used as the refrigerant.

본 실시예의 다단압축기(20)에 의해 압축된 유체는 제2 열교환기(32)로 보내지기 전, 제1 열교환기(31)에 의해 냉각될 수 있다. 제1 열교환기(31)는 증발가스를 냉각시키는 냉매로 해수와 같은 별도의 냉매를 사용할 수도 있고, 제1 열교환기(31)에서도 제2 열교환기(32)와 마찬가지로 증발가스 자체를 냉매로 사용할 수 있도록 시스템이 구성될 수도 있다.The fluid compressed by the multistage compressor 20 of the present embodiment can be cooled by the first heat exchanger 31 before being sent to the second heat exchanger 32. [ The first heat exchanger 31 may use a separate refrigerant such as seawater as a refrigerant for cooling the evaporation gas and may use the evaporation gas itself as a refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 31 as well as the second heat exchanger 32 The system may also be configured to.

다단압축기(20) 및 제2 열교환기(32)를 통과한 유체(a 흐름)는, 제3 열교환기(40) 전단에서 두 흐름(a1, a2)으로 분기한다. 제3 열교환기(40) 전단에서 분기된 흐름 중 한 흐름(a1)은, 제1 감압장치(71)에 의해 팽창되어 온도가 낮아진 후 제3 열교환기(40)에서 냉매로 사용되고, 제3 열교환기(40) 전단에서 분기된 흐름 중 다른 흐름(a2)은, 제3 열교환기(40)에서 열교환되어 냉각된 후 제2 감압장치(72)에 의해 팽창되어 일부 또는 전부가 재액화된다. 제3 열교환기(40)에서 냉매로 사용된 유체(a1 흐름)는, 다단압축기(20)에 포함된 일부 압축실린더(21)에 의해 압축된 후 제3 열교환기(40)로 보내진 유체와 합류된 후, 다단압축기(20)로 보내져 나머지 압축실린더(22, 23)에 의해 압축된다.The fluid (a flow) that has passed through the multistage compressor 20 and the second heat exchanger 32 branches into two flows a1 and a2 at the front end of the third heat exchanger 40. [ One of the flows branched from the upstream end of the third heat exchanger 40 is expanded by the first pressure reducing device 71 and is used as a refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 40 after the temperature is lowered, The other stream a2 branched from the upstream end of the unit 40 is cooled by heat exchange in the third heat exchanger 40 and then expanded by the second decompressor 72 to partially or totally re-liquefy. The fluid (a1 flow) used as the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 40 is combined with the fluid sent to the third heat exchanger 40 after being compressed by some compression cylinders 21 included in the multi-stage compressor 20 Stage compressor (20) and compressed by the remaining compression cylinders (22, 23).

제2 열교환기(32)는, 제3 열교환기(40)에 의해 냉각된 후 제2 감압장치(72)에 의해 팽창되어 일부 또는 전부가 재액화된 유체(a2 흐름)를 냉매로 하여, 다단압축기(20)에 의해 압축된 유체(a 흐름)를 냉각시킨다. 제2 열교환기(32)에서 냉매로 사용된 유체(a2 흐름)는 저장탱크(10)로 보내지고, 제2 열교환기(32)에 의해 냉각된 유체(a 흐름)는 제3 열교환기(40)로 보내진다.The second heat exchanger 32 uses the fluid (a2 flow) that has been cooled by the third heat exchanger 40 and expanded by the second decompression device 72 and partially or totally re-liquefied as refrigerant, To cool the fluid (a flow) compressed by the compressor (20). The fluid (a stream) used as the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 32 is sent to the storage tank 10 and the fluid (a stream) cooled by the second heat exchanger 32 is sent to the third heat exchanger 40 ).

본 실시예의 제1 감압장치(71) 및 제2 감압장치(72)는 줄-톰슨 밸브 등의 팽창밸브일 수도 있고, 시스템의 구성에 따라 팽창기가 사용될 수도 있다. 또한, 본 실시예의 제2 열교환기(32)는 이코노마이저(Economizer)일 수 있고, 제3 열교환기(40)는 인터쿨러(Intercooler)일 수 있다.The first decompression device 71 and the second decompression device 72 of this embodiment may be expansion valves such as a line-Thomson valve or an inflator may be used according to the configuration of the system. Also, the second heat exchanger 32 of the present embodiment may be an economizer, and the third heat exchanger 40 may be an intercooler.

본 실시예에서는 다단압축기(20)에 의해 압축되는 증발가스가, 제3 열교환기(40)에 의해 한 번의 중간 냉각을 거치는 경우를 설명하였으나, 본 실시예의 다단압축기(20)에 의해 압축되는 증발가스는 다단계의 중간 냉각 과정을 거칠 수도 있다. 다단압축기(20)가 세 개의 압축실린더(21, 22, 23)를 포함하는 경우를 예로 들어 설명하면, 제1 압축실린더(21)에 의해 압축된 증발가스가 제3 열교환기(40)에 의해 냉각되고 제2 압축실린더(22)에 의해 압축된 후, 추가적인 중간 냉각 과정을 거친 후 제3 압축실린더(23)에 의해 압축될 수 있다. 또한, 추가적인 중간 냉각 과정은, 제3 열교환기(40)에 의한 중간 냉각과 마찬가지로, 열교환기 전단에서 분기된 일부 흐름을 팽창시킨 후 냉매로 사용하는 방식일 수 있다.In the present embodiment, the case where the evaporated gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor 20 undergoes one intermediate cooling by the third heat exchanger 40 has been described. However, the evaporation gas compressed by the multi- The gas may undergo a multistage intermediate cooling process. In the case where the multi-stage compressor 20 includes three compression cylinders 21, 22, and 23, the evaporated gas compressed by the first compression cylinder 21 is compressed by the third heat exchanger 40 Cooled, compressed by the second compression cylinder 22, and then compressed by the third compression cylinder 23 after an additional intermediate cooling process. Further, the additional intermediate cooling process may be a method in which, as in the intermediate cooling by the third heat exchanger 40, a part of the flow branched at the front end of the heat exchanger is expanded and then used as the refrigerant.

본 발명은, 다단압축기(20)에 의한 압축, 제3 열교환기(40)에 의한 냉각, 및 제2 감압장치(72)에 의한 팽창과정을 거쳐 일부 또는 전부가 재액화된 유체를, 제2 열교환기(32)에서 냉매로 사용하여, 다단압축기(20)에 의해 압축된 유체를 추가로 냉각시키므로, 제3 열교환기(40)로 보내지는 유체(a 흐름)의 온도를 더 낮출 수 있다. 제3 열교환기(40)로 보내지는 유체(a 흐름)의 온도가 낮아지면, 분기되어 냉매로 사용되는 증발가스(a1 흐름)의 양을 더 줄이고도 동일한 재액화 효율을 달성할 수 있고, 제3 열교환기(40)에서 냉매로 사용된 유체(a1 흐름)은 다단압축기(20)에서 압축되므로, 제3 열교환기(40)에서 냉매로 사용되는 유체(a1 흐름)의 양을 줄이면, 다단압축기(20)에서 소모되는 에너지를 줄일 수 있다. 즉, 본 발명에 의하면, 제2 열교환기(32)를 포함함으로써, 제3 열교환기(40)에서 냉매로 사용되는 유체(a1 흐름)의 양을 줄여, 다단압축기(20)에서 소모되는 에너지를 절감하면서도 거의 동일한 재액화 효율을 달성할 수 있다. The present invention is characterized in that a fluid partially or entirely re-liquefied through compression by the multi-stage compressor (20), cooling by the third heat exchanger (40), and expansion by the second decompressor (72) The temperature of the fluid (a stream) sent to the third heat exchanger (40) can be further lowered by using the refrigerant in the heat exchanger (32) to further cool the fluid compressed by the multistage compressor (20). When the temperature of the fluid (a stream) sent to the third heat exchanger 40 is lowered, the same re-liquefaction efficiency can be achieved by further reducing the amount of the evaporation gas (a1 flow) which is branched and used as the refrigerant, Since the fluid (a1 flow) used as the refrigerant in the three-heat exchanger 40 is compressed in the multi-stage compressor 20, when the amount of the fluid (a1 flow) used as the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 40 is reduced, It is possible to reduce the energy consumed in the battery 20. That is, according to the present invention, by including the second heat exchanger 32, the amount of the fluid (a1 flow) used as the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 40 is reduced and the energy consumed in the multi- It is possible to achieve almost the same re-liquefaction efficiency.

본 발명은 상기 실시예에 한정되지 않고, 본 발명의 기술적 요지를 벗어나지 아니하는 범위 내에서 다양하게 수정 또는 변형되어 실시될 수 있음은 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 있어서 자명한 것이다.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is.

10 : 저장탱크 20 : 다단압축기
21, 22, 23 : 압축실린더 31, 32, 40 : 열교환기
71, 72 : 감압장치10: Storage tank 20: Multistage compressor
21, 22, 23: Compression cylinder 31, 32, 40: Heat exchanger
71, 72: Pressure reducing device

Claims (7)

액화가스 저장탱크가 탑재된 선박에 있어서,
상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시키며, 다수개의 압축실린더를 포함하는 다단압축기;
상기 다단압축기에 의해 압축된 유체를 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 제2 열교환기;
상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체(이하, 'a 흐름'이라고 함.)가 일부 분기된 흐름(이하, 'a1 흐름'이라고 함.)을 팽창시키는 제1 감압장치;
상기 제1 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 상기 'a1 흐름'을 냉매로, 상기 'a 흐름' 중 분기된 'a1 흐름'을 제외한 나머지 유체(이하, 'a2 흐름'이라고 함.)를 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 제3 열교환기; 및
상기 제3 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 상기 'a2 흐름'을 팽창시키는 제2 감압장치;를 포함하고,
상기 제2 열교환기는, 상기 제2 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 상기 'a2 흐름'을 냉매로 하여, 상기 다단압축기에 의해 압축된 유체를 냉각시키는, 선박.In a ship equipped with a liquefied gas storage tank,
A multi-stage compressor for compressing the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank and including a plurality of compression cylinders;
A second heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the fluid compressed by the multi-stage compressor to cool the fluid;
A first decompression device for expanding a flow (hereinafter referred to as "a1 flow") in which a fluid cooled by the second heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as "a flow") is partially branched;
(Hereinafter referred to as "a2 flow") except for the "a1 flow" branched in the "a flow" is cooled by cooling the above "a1 flow" expanded by the first pressure reducing device to the refrigerant A third heat exchanger; And
And a second decompression device for expanding the 'a2 stream' cooled by the third heat exchanger,
Wherein the second heat exchanger uses the a2 flow expanded by the second decompression device as a refrigerant to cool the fluid compressed by the multi-stage compressor. 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 다수개의 압축실린더 중 일부 압축실린더에 의해 압축된 증발가스는, 상기 제3 열교환기에서 열교환되어 냉각된 후 나머지 압축실린더에 의해 압축되는, 선박.The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the evaporated gas compressed by some of the plurality of compression cylinders is cooled by heat exchange in the third heat exchanger and then compressed by the remaining compression cylinder. 청구항 2에 있어서,
상기 다수개의 압축실린더 중 일부 압축실린더에 의해 압축된 후 상기 제3 열교환기에서 냉각된 유체는, 상기 제1 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 후 상기 제3 열교환기에서 냉매로 사용된 상기 'a1 흐름'과 합류되어, 나머지 압축실린더에 의해 압축되는, 선박.The method of claim 2,
Wherein the fluid cooled in the third heat exchanger after being compressed by a part of the compression cylinders of the plurality of compression cylinders is expanded by the first decompression device and then flows into the a1 flow used as a refrigerant in the third heat exchanger, And is compressed by the remaining compression cylinder. 청구항 1 내지 청구항 3 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 다단압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를, 상기 제2 열교환기로 보내기 전에 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 제1 열교환기를 더 포함하는, 선박.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Further comprising a first heat exchanger for cooling the evaporated gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor by heat exchange before being sent to the second heat exchanger. 액화가스 저장탱크가 탑재된 선박에 적용되는 증발가스 재액화 방법에 있어서,
1) 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시킨 후 제3 열교환기에서 냉각시키고,
2) 상기 1)단계에서 상기 제3 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체를 추가 압축시키고,
3) 상기 2)단계에서 추가 압축된 증발가스를 제2 열교환기에서 냉각시키고,
4) 상기 3)단계에서 상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체를 두 흐름으로 분기시키고,
5) 상기 4)단계에서 분기된 흐름 중 한 흐름을 팽창시킨 후 상기 제3 열교환기에서 냉매로 사용하고,
6) 상기 4)단계에서 분기된 흐름 중 나머지 흐름을 상기 제3 열교환기에서 냉각시키고,
7) 상기 6)단계에서 상기 제3 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체를 팽창시켜 재액화시키고,
상기 7)단계에서 재액화된 증발가스는 상기 제2 열교환기로 공급되어 상기 3)단계에서 상기 추가 압축된 증발가스를 냉각시키는 냉매로 사용되는, 방법.A method of re-liquefying an evaporative gas applied to a ship equipped with a liquefied gas storage tank,
1) compressing the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank, cooling it in the third heat exchanger,
2) further compressing the fluid cooled by the third heat exchanger in step 1)
3) cooling the additional compressed vaporized gas in the second heat exchanger in step 2)
4) In step 3), the fluid cooled by the second heat exchanger is branched into two flows,
5) expanding one of the flows branched in the step 4), then using the refrigerant as the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger,
6) cooling the rest of the flows branched in step 4) in the third heat exchanger,
7) In the step 6), the fluid cooled by the third heat exchanger is expanded to liquefy,
The evaporated gas re-liquefied in the step 7) is supplied to the second heat exchanger and used as a refrigerant to cool the further compressed evaporated gas in the step 3). 청구항 5에 있어서,
상기 1)단계에서 상기 제3 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체는, 상기 5)단계에서 팽창된 후 상기 제3 열교환기에서 냉매로 사용된 유체와 합류되어, 상기 2)단계의 추가 압축 과정을 거치는, 방법.The method of claim 5,
Wherein the fluid cooled by the third heat exchanger in the step (1) is combined with the fluid used as the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger after being expanded in the step (5), and subjected to an additional compression step of the step (2) Way. 청구항 5 또는 청구항 6에 있어서,
상기 2)단계에서 추가 압축된 증발가스는, 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 후, 상기 3)단계에서 상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 냉각되는, 방법.The method according to claim 5 or 6,
Wherein the evaporated gas further compressed in the step 2) is cooled by the first heat exchanger and then cooled by the second heat exchanger in the step 3).
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