KR101735462B1 - System and method for road environment calming - Google Patents
System and method for road environment calming Download PDFInfo
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- KR101735462B1 KR101735462B1 KR1020150089216A KR20150089216A KR101735462B1 KR 101735462 B1 KR101735462 B1 KR 101735462B1 KR 1020150089216 A KR1020150089216 A KR 1020150089216A KR 20150089216 A KR20150089216 A KR 20150089216A KR 101735462 B1 KR101735462 B1 KR 101735462B1
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- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a road environmental conditioning system and method for processing a quadratic transfer function in real time using a preset correlation function, (100); A humidity sensor (200) for sensing ambient humidity and outputting a humidity value; A wind sensor 300 for detecting wind direction and intensity and outputting barang direction information and wind intensity value; The microcomputer 600 generates and outputs a filter characteristic variable control signal on the basis of the temperature value, the humidity value, the wind intensity information, and the wind intensity value, receives the noise through the microphone 600, detects the noise information, A controller (400) And a noise reduction unit 500 for varying the characteristics of the filter in response to the filter characteristic variable control signal, generating a noise reduction signal in response to the noise reduction control signal, and outputting the noise reduction signal through the speaker 700. Therefore, it is possible to maintain excellent control characteristics without a large performance deterioration without a prior transfer function measurement.
Description
The present invention relates to a system and method for road environment precautions, and more particularly, to a system and method for road environment precautions that can process a quadratic transfer function in real time using a preset correlation function.
With the development of industries and economies, along with the increase in the number of vehicles driving on the roads, many noise complaints around the roads have been generated, and various countermeasures have been sought for the traffic regulation. Although some attempts have been made to mitigate traffic noise with legal and institutional measures such as restriction of maximum speed, hump and chicane, research on technology for traffic regulation is still very limited. In fact.
As a conventional noise reduction technique for reducing and improving the noise of road environment, there is a noise barrier using a low noise asphalt pavement method or a sound absorbing material. However, in order to reduce low frequency components within 500 [Hz] Is not enough. As a result of this restriction, Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) technology using the latest electronic abatement technology has been studied variously.
1 is a view for explaining an introduction concept of an active noise reduction system for a road environment. In general, the road-type active noise reduction system aims at installation in a residential area or a school zone, and a small- , Which is currently undergoing various and active researches in Japan and the Netherlands.
The active noise reduction technique is classified into feedforward and feedback techniques. The control technique of the active noise reduction technique using the feedforward technique is mainly the Filterd-X LMS technique proposed by Widrow, which uses the noise source signal as a reference Therefore, correlation with the reference is advantageous for noise reduction. The control technology, which is a feedback active noise reduction technology, is a great advantage because it does not require a reference, but there is a problem that the controller must have an infinite gain.
Various noise sources in everyday life cause continuous change of noise frequency and amplitude. Variable environment of air flow, temperature and humidity change the speed and shape of noise source. Since the noise source and the transmission paths of the variable sound are time-varying, the characteristics of the filter must be continuously varied in order to remove the noise. therefore
In order to reduce the noise source, an optimal filter for the signal processing technique should be introduced. It is necessary to introduce the LMS (least mean square) adaptive filtering method which estimates the coefficients of the system when the information of the system is inadequate or the surrounding condition of the system coefficient is time - varying.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the basic principle of an adaptive filter using an LMS algorithm, and is an example in which the signal d (k) is estimated as a target signal.
At this time, the role of the adaptive filter is to bring the output signal y (k) closer to the target signal d (k) while changing the filter coefficient. That is, minimizing the estimation error signal e (k) is the role of the adaptive filter. Thus, the error signal e (k) is the target signal d (k) Is expressed by the difference of the output y (k) of the model.
Generally, a feedforward control technique is used for the active noise control technique in a duct as shown in FIG. The feedforward control technique can be used when information about the primary noise source can be obtained, and this method can only remove noise without affecting other sounds.
In the block diagram of Fig. 3, P is the transfer function of the transfer path to the first noise source, C is the transfer function between the speaker input and the output of the microphone, and W represents the adaptive filter of the control. Its control filter W can be used with both FIR and IIR structures, but IIR filters can be effective when acoustic feedback is present. However, both of these filter structures can not use an adaptive filter algorithm such as the LMS algorithm. In order to use the LMS algorithm, a signal that can compare the filter output u (n) with d (n) is needed but the error signal e (n) is not the difference between d (n) ) And y (n). Therefore, if the filter coefficient is estimated by applying e (n) to the algorithm, the adaptation process becomes unstable or an improper solution is found. Therefore, to use e (n), we need to make a fundamental change to the adaptive algorithm. The result of this change is the Filtered-X LMS algorithm. However, to use the Filtered-X LMS algorithm, you have to measure the transfer function C in the auxiliary path (between the speaker input and the output of the microphone). It is troublesome to measure every time in a path changing environment, and real time implementation becomes very difficult because program must be changed every time.
FIG. 4 shows a general application procedure of the active noise controller adopting the Filtered-XLMS algorithm according to the change procedure. Where P is the transfer function of the noise path from the input microphone to the control speaker, and M1 and M2 are the overall transfer functions of the microphone, pre-amplifier, and low-pass filter.
S represents the overall transfer function of the low-pass filter, the power amplifier, and the control speaker, and E represents the transfer function of the noise propagation path from the control speaker to the error microphone. And F represents acoustic feedback.
The LMS filter C is an inverse filter that inversely models the transfer functions S, E, and M2 in the auxiliary path and the error path. The coefficient of the adaptive delayed inverse model of the error path is replicated in the input path to the LMS filter W and operates as an error corrector that updates the coefficient W of the main adaptive controller by filtering the input data received from the input microphone.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a system and method for road environmental regulation that can process a quadratic transfer function in real time using a preset correlation function. That is, the present invention controls the target error signal while adjusting the convergence speed by changing the correlation function between the input signal itself and the line follow-up coefficient in the correlation function between the target signal and the input signal.
The road environment regulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a temperature sensor 100 for sensing ambient temperature and outputting a temperature value; A humidity sensor (200) for sensing ambient humidity and outputting a humidity value; A
The
As an embodiment related to the present invention, the adaptive filter unit 330 may adjust the convergence rate by giving different weights to the current value and the previous value.
As an embodiment related to the present invention, the
(1) The
The present invention is capable of processing a secondary transfer function in real time by using a preset correlation function, thereby enabling maintenance of excellent control characteristics without degradation of performance without a transfer function measurement in advance .
In addition, the present invention has the effect of eliminating a large amount of time required to measure the transfer function in advance.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual view of an introduction of an active noise reduction system for a road environment.
2 is a diagram for explaining the basic principle of an LMS (least mean square) adaptive filter.
3 is a block diagram of a noise reduction system using a general feedforward control technique.
4 is a diagram for explaining a general Filtered-X active noise reduction system.
FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a road environment correcting system according to the present invention.
6 is a detailed block diagram of the noise reduction unit applied to FIG.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the road environment correcting method according to the present invention.
It is noted that the technical terms used in the present invention are used only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical terms used in the present invention should be construed in a sense generally understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless otherwise defined in the present invention, Should not be construed to mean, or be interpreted in an excessively reduced sense. In addition, when a technical term used in the present invention is an erroneous technical term that does not accurately express the concept of the present invention, it should be understood that technical terms can be understood by those skilled in the art. In addition, the general terms used in the present invention should be interpreted according to a predefined or prior context, and should not be construed as being excessively reduced.
Furthermore, the singular expressions used in the present invention include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present invention, terms such as "comprising" or "comprising" and the like should not be construed as encompassing various elements or various steps of the invention, Or may further include additional components or steps.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like or similar elements throughout the several views, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.
FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a road environment correcting system according to the present invention. 6 is a detailed block diagram of the noise reduction unit applied to FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a temperature sensor 100 for detecting the ambient temperature to which the present invention is applied and outputting a temperature value, a
The
The adaptive filter unit 330 adjusts the convergence rate by giving a different weight to the current value and the previous value.
The
The road environment correcting method of the road environment correcting system configured as described above will be described as follows.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the road environment correcting method according to the present invention.
6 and 7, a cross-correlation LMS (least mean square) algorithm according to the road environment normalization method according to the present invention will be briefly described. The target error signal is controlled while adjusting the convergence speed by changing the line follow-up coefficient with respect to the correlation function between the input signal itself and the correlation function between the target signal and the input signal.
As shown in FIG. 7, first, the manager is allowed to set a variable value. At this time, the variable values to be set are a filter tap (n = 64), a step size (μ = 0.001), a channel tracking factor (α, β), a sampling frequency Fs (20KHz), and a sampling frequency Ns (10,000).
When the above-mentioned variable values are set according to the operation of the administrator, the
The
At this time, the
The
Finally, it is determined whether or not the
If it is determined in step S180 that the error vector and the weight vector have not been calculated a predetermined number of times, the
The mathematical expression for each function and the description thereof will be described as follows.
The correlation function for the input signal x (n) is given by
Assuming that the value obtained by taking the expectation value as the square of the error signal is an evaluation function, the evaluation function J is expressed by Equation (2).
At this time, the error signal can be obtained as a correlation function between the target signal and the input signal, and a correlation function between the output signal of the filter and the input signal, as shown in Equation (3).
Here,? Dx (n, n) can be expressed as Equation 4 as a correlation function between the target signal d (n) and the input signal x (n).
Also,
(5) can be expressed by an input signal x (n) and an impulse response filter coefficient hi, ?? i = 0,1,2, ..., N-1.
Where N is the order of the filter and h i is the impulse response. Equation (2) can be expressed by the following Equation (6), and Equation (6)
Therefore, we take a partial derivative to obtain the optimum filter coefficient.
Then, the maximum gradient algorithm as shown in Equation (7) can be obtained.
here,
Μ is the convergence factor and is used as a constant in the range 0 <μ <1. Also And N is the order of the filter.As in the LMS algorithm described above, instead of estimating the expected value of the error signal, Equation (8) can be obtained by normalizing Equation (7) to utilize the stochastic gradient method proposed by Widrow and to secure sufficient conditions for convergence.
In order to apply Equation (8) to the active noise control system, calculation of? Xx (n, nk) and e (n) defined in Equations (1) and (3) is required.
As can be seen from Equation (9), the error signal e (n) is a function of the correlation function? Dx (n, n) between the target signal and the input signal,
. Therefore, this equation can be approximated by a correlation function φ zx (n, n) between the input signal and z (n) which is the difference between the target signal and the output signal of the filter.
Also, a regression equation as shown in Equation (10) is introduced.
Here, α and? The line follow-up coefficient is 0 <α, β ≤ 1, and the convergence speed of the algorithm is adjusted by giving a predetermined weight to the current value and the past value.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.
100: Temperature sensor 200: Humidity sensor
300: wind sensor 400: controller
500: Noise reduction unit 510: First transfer function generation unit
520: first correlation function generation unit 530: adaptive filter unit
540: second correlation function generator 550: noise canceler
600: Microphone 700: Speaker
Claims (5)
A humidity sensor (200) for sensing ambient humidity and outputting a humidity value;
A wind sensor 300 for detecting wind direction and intensity and outputting barang direction information and wind intensity value;
A filter characteristic variable control signal is generated and output based on the temperature value, the humidity value, the wind strength information, and the wind strength value, and noise is received through the microphone 600 to detect noise information, A controller (400) for outputting; And
A noise reduction unit 500 for varying the characteristics of the filter in response to the filter characteristic variable control signal, generating a noise reduction signal in response to the noise reduction control signal, and outputting the noise reduction signal through a speaker 700; Lt; / RTI >
The noise reduction unit (500)
A first transfer function generator 510 for converting the input signal x (n) into a target signal d (n) in response to the filter characteristic variable control signal and the noise reduction control signal of the controller 400 and outputting the converted target signal d (n);
Based on a desired signal (d (n)) and the input signal (x (n)) of the first transfer function generator 510 as the first correlation function which outputs the generate (φ xx (n, n)) A first correlation function calculator 520;
And receives the input signal x (n) and the error signal e (n) and controls the target error signal so that the output signal y (n) approaches the target signal while varying the filter coefficient based on the input signal x The filtered output signal ( (n)) and outputting the result;
The input signal x (n) and the filtered output signal ( (n)) based on the second correlation function ( A second correlation function calculating unit 540 for calculating a second correlation function;
Wherein the first correlation function ( x x (n, n)) and the second correlation function A target error signal generator 550 for generating a target error signal e (n) based on the target error signal e (n); And
From the target signal d (n), the filtered output signal ( (n)) to generate and output a noise canceling output signal z (n);
And a road environment regulating system.
The adaptive filter unit 530,
Wherein the convergence speed is adjusted by assigning different weights to the current value and the previous value.
The noise eliminator 560,
Applying a first correlation function and a second correlation function to the regression formula to calculate an error vector, calculating a weight vector, and generating an output signal z (n) for noise reduction based on the error vector and the weight vector Wherein the road environment preconditioning system comprises:
(2) The noise reduction unit 500 calculates a target signal d (n) based on the input signal x (n);
(3) The noise reduction unit 500 receives the input signal x (n) and the error signal e (n) and changes the filter coefficient based on the input signal x (n) The filtered output signal (< RTI ID = 0.0 > (n));
(4) The noise reduction unit 500 calculates the first correlation function? Xx (n, n) calculated through the first correlation function calculating unit and the second correlation function calculating unit and the second correlation function Generating a target error signal e (n) based on the target error signal e (n);
(5) The noise reduction unit 500 calculates the second correlation function? Xx (n, n) and the second correlation function ) To a regression formula to calculate an error vector and to calculate a weight vector; And
(6) The noise reduction unit 500 determines whether or not the error vector and the weight vector have been calculated a predetermined number of times. If the error vector and the weight vector are calculated for the predetermined number of times, Generating an output signal z (n);
And the road surface is grounded.
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