KR101730598B1 - Apparatus and method for measuring flow rate based on vibration signal quantification - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for measuring flow rate based on vibration signal quantification Download PDFInfo
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- KR101730598B1 KR101730598B1 KR1020150043939A KR20150043939A KR101730598B1 KR 101730598 B1 KR101730598 B1 KR 101730598B1 KR 1020150043939 A KR1020150043939 A KR 1020150043939A KR 20150043939 A KR20150043939 A KR 20150043939A KR 101730598 B1 KR101730598 B1 KR 101730598B1
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- flow rate
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- state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
- G01F1/20—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
Abstract
An apparatus for measuring flow rate based on vibration signal quantification according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an acceleration sensor unit for measuring a vibration generated in a pipe through which fluid flows and outputting a vibration signal; And a signal processing unit for indexing the vibration signal to derive a vibration characteristic factor from the vibration signal, and determining a flow velocity and a flow rate state of the fluid using the vibration characteristic factor.
Description
Embodiments of the present invention relate to an apparatus and method for measuring flow rate based on vibration signal quantification.
Various methods for flow measurement are widely used, and various types of products are commercialized and used in various industrial fields. The product types are area type flow meter, differential pressure type flow meter, turbine flow meter, electronic flow meter, ultrasonic flow meter, vortex flow meter and mass flow meter.
The area type flow meter is a method of increasing or decreasing the cross-sectional shrinkage area in the channel so that the pressure difference is always constant before and after the cross-sectional shrinkage, and the flow rate is determined by the area of the area. In the differential pressure type flow meter, And the flow rate is measured using the differential pressure generated before and after the flow rate is proportional to the square of the flow rate.
The turbine flowmeter measures the flow rate by sensing the rotation of the turbine rotating with the flow of the fluid, and the electromagnetic flowmeter measures the flow rate by the magnitude of the electromotive force generated by the fluid flow.
The ultrasonic flowmeter is a method for measuring the flow rate of the inside of the pipe through the signal processing between the transducers using the Doppler effect of ultrasonic waves. The vortex flowmeter is a method for measuring the flow rate by using the relationship between the frequency and flow rate of vortex, The mass flow meter It uses the momentum of the tube that is generated when the fluid passes through the refracted tube.
Among the various flow meters, the ultrasonic flowmeter can be regarded as the closest to the technology proposed in the present invention. In this method, waves in the frequency range of 0 to 500 KHz are used based on the ultrasonic wave range.
However, the equipment for emitting and measuring ultrasonic waves is very expensive, and there is a disadvantage that the measurement becomes inaccurate unless the fluid is clean, such as bubbles. In addition, the installation of the transducer equipment is difficult, has a lot of limitations, and is difficult to measure quickly and simply. In addition, existing flow measurement technology has the disadvantage that it can not be moved into a pipe inserted or already installed in the pipe.
Related Prior Art Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0189166 entitled " New Flow Measurement Apparatus and Measurement Method, Date of Registration: January 14, 1999 "is available.
An embodiment of the present invention relates to a flow measurement device and method based on vibration signal quantification that can measure a vibration of a pipe through which a fluid flows using an acceleration sensor and quantify the characteristics of a vibration signal to determine a fluid flow rate and a flow rate state .
The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problem (s), and another problem (s) not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.
An apparatus for measuring flow rate based on vibration signal quantification according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an acceleration sensor unit for measuring a vibration generated in a pipe through which fluid flows and outputting a vibration signal; And a signal processing unit for indexing the vibration signal to derive a vibration characteristic factor from the vibration signal, and determining a flow velocity and a flow rate state of the fluid using the vibration characteristic factor.
The signal processing unit may derive the vibration characteristic factor from the vibration signal by applying a regression analysis that linearizes the vibration characteristic of the vibration signal when the vibration signal is indexed.
Wherein the vibration characteristic factor includes at least one of a first factor indicating a magnitude of the vibration, a second factor indicating a frequency distribution characteristic of the vibration, and a third factor indicating a time characteristic of the vibration, The flow rate state of the fluid can be determined using the first factor and the flow rate state of the fluid can be determined using the second factor and the third factor.
Wherein the first factor comprises at least one of a loudness representing a negative sensory size and a sharpness representing the negative sharpness and the second recognition comprises at least one of a roughness roughness, and a fluctuation indicating the degree of the negative shaking, and the third factor may include tonality indicating the composition of the negative tone.
The state data of the fluid may include at least one of a bubble state, a foreign body state, and a viscous state, and the signal processing unit may further use the state data of the fluid to determine the flow rate and the flow state of the fluid.
The acceleration sensor unit may include a first acceleration sensor and a second acceleration sensor, which are installed at a predetermined distance from an outer circumferential surface of the tube through which the fluid flows.
The first and second acceleration sensors may be detachably installed on the outer peripheral surface of the tube through which the fluid flows.
The apparatus for measuring flow rate based on vibration signal quantification according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a display unit for displaying a result of the determination of the flow rate and the flow rate of the fluid.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a flow rate measurement method based on quantification of a vibration signal, comprising: measuring a vibration occurring in a pipe through which a fluid flows and outputting a vibration signal; Indexing the vibration signal to derive a vibration characteristic factor from the vibration signal; And determining a flow rate and a flow rate state of the fluid using the vibration characteristic factor.
The step of deriving the vibration characteristic factor may include deriving the vibration characteristic factor from the vibration signal by applying a regression analysis that linearizes the vibration characteristic of the vibration signal when the vibration signal is indexed.
Wherein the vibration characteristic factor includes at least one of a first factor indicating the magnitude of the vibration, a second factor indicating the frequency distribution characteristic of the vibration, and a third factor indicating the time characteristic of the vibration, Wherein the determining step comprises: determining the flow rate state of the fluid using the first factor; And determining the flow rate state of the fluid using the second factor and the third factor.
Wherein the state data of the fluid includes at least one of a bubble state, a foreign body state, and a viscous state, and wherein the step of determining the flow velocity and the flow state of the fluid further includes using the state data of the fluid, And determining a state.
The step of outputting the vibration signal may include the step of outputting the vibration signal by measuring the vibration through first and second acceleration sensors installed at a predetermined distance from the outer circumferential surface of the pipe through which the fluid flows have.
The first and second acceleration sensors may be detachably installed on the outer peripheral surface of the tube through which the fluid flows.
The method for measuring flow rate based on vibration signal quantification according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include the step of displaying a result of discriminating the flow velocity and the flow state of the fluid.
The details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention can measure the vibration of a pipe through which a fluid flows by using an acceleration sensor, quantify characteristics of a vibration signal, and determine a fluid flow rate and a flow rate state.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the acceleration sensor can be attached to the pipe through which the fluid flows, so that vibration measurement according to the required position can be easily, simply, and quickly performed. It can be used in necessary industrial field.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a flow measurement apparatus based on vibration signal quantification according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a state in which a flow measuring device based on vibration signal quantification according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a pipe through which a fluid flows.
3 is a graph showing real-time results of STFT analysis according to an increase in flow rate.
4 is a graph showing experimental results on flow velocity measurement and reliability.
5 is a diagram showing the result of determination of the flow rate state.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a flow measurement method based on vibration signal quantification according to an embodiment of the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and / or features of the present invention, and how to accomplish them, will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but is capable of many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, To fully disclose the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining a flow rate measuring apparatus based on vibration signal quantification according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a flow rate measuring apparatus based on vibration signal quantification according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is the state of use applied to the pipe through which the water flows.
1 and 2, an
The
The
At this time, the first and
Thus, according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to perform the vibration measurement according to the required position easily, simply and quickly. In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, not only convenience but also mobility can be utilized in an industrial field requiring a fast process.
The first and
In this manner, the
The characteristics of the vibration signal are that the vibration characteristics occurring in the same environment are always the same depending on the flow rate and the flow rate of the fluid in the
Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, attention is paid to the point that the vibration characteristics generated in the same environment of the fluid flow rate and the flow rate state are always the same, and the vibration signal output by the
Hereinafter, a process of deriving the vibration characteristic factor to determine the flow velocity and flow state of the fluid will be described.
The
The
That is, the
The
Here, the vibration characteristic factor may include at least one of a first factor indicating the magnitude of the vibration, a second factor indicating the frequency distribution characteristic of the vibration, and a third factor representing the time characteristic of the vibration.
For example, the first factor may include at least one of loudness representing a negative sensory size and sharpness representing the negative sharpness. The second cognition may include at least one of a roughness representing the degree of negative roughness and a fluctuation indicating the degree of negative fluctuation. The third factor may include tonality indicating the negative composition.
The
In other words, the
Meanwhile, the
That is, the
Here, the state data of the fluid may include at least one of a bubble state, a foreign matter state, and a viscous state.
As described above, in one embodiment of the present invention, the vibration characteristic factor is extracted using the sound quality factor extracted from the vibration signal, and the flow velocity and flow state of the fluid can be determined using the extracted vibration characteristic factor.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the fluid flow rate and the flow rate state of the fluid can be more accurately determined in consideration of whether the state of the fluid is bubble state, foreign body state, or viscous state together with the vibration characteristic factor.
The
FIG. 3 is a graph showing real-time results of STFT analysis according to an increase in flow rate, and FIG. 4 is a graph showing experimental results on flow rate measurement and reliability. 5 is a diagram showing the result of determination of the flow rate state.
First, referring to FIG. 3, STFT (Short Time Fourier Transform) analysis is performed according to the flow rate difference, and it is confirmed that the characteristics of the vibration signal are different.
Next, referring to FIG. 4, it can be seen that the flow velocity increases linearly with the difference in flow rate.
Therefore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, a regression analysis for linearizing the magnitude characteristic according to the flow rate may be applied to measure the flow velocity, and various indexes may be derived from the vibration signal And the various indices are applied to the respective vibration signals to obtain a result indicating a specific tendency.
For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, through the STFT analysis, loudness and sharpness as first factors indicating the magnitude of vibration, roughness and fluctuation as second factors indicating the frequency distribution characteristic of the vibration, The tonality can be derived as a third factor representing the characteristic.
5, data of a specific state (bubble state, foreign body state, viscous state) can be derived as a result of the determination of the flow rate state. In an embodiment of the present invention, The result of the determination of the flow rate state can be obtained.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a flow measurement method based on vibration signal quantification according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, the flow rate measurement method may be performed by the flow
Referring to FIG. 6, in
In this case, the flow rate measuring apparatus may include first and second acceleration sensors (see 112 and 114 in FIG. 2) installed at a predetermined distance from the outer circumferential surface of the pipe through which the fluid flows, Vibration can be measured.
Here, the first and second acceleration sensors may be detachably installed on the outer circumferential surface of the tube through which the fluid flows.
Next, in
At this time, the flow rate measuring device may derive the vibration characteristic factor from the vibration signal by applying a regression analysis that linearizes the vibration characteristic of the vibration signal when the vibration signal is indexed.
Here, the vibration characteristic factor may include at least one of a first factor indicating the magnitude of the vibration, a second factor indicating the frequency distribution characteristic of the vibration, and a third factor representing the time characteristic of the vibration.
The first factor may then be used to determine the flow rate state of the fluid, and the second and third factors may then be used to determine the flow rate state of the fluid.
Next, in
That is, the flow rate measuring device may determine the flow rate state of the fluid by using the first factor, and may determine the flow rate state of the fluid by using the second factor and the third factor.
Next, in
Hereinafter, a process of performing discrimination analysis to determine a flow rate state according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Discriminant analysis is a method of finding a criterion that can be used to determine which parent group has been extracted from the information contained in two or more parent groups.
1. Discriminant variable
It is a variable to judge which group belongs, and among the independent variables, it has high discriminative power. In selecting the discriminant variable, the correlation with other independent variables other than the discriminatory contribution can be considered. It is possible to construct an effective discriminant function by selecting one of the two independent variables as a discriminator variable and selecting an independent variable having a low correlation with the two independent variables.
2. The discriminant function
It is a linear combination of the discriminant variables and is derived by the smaller of the number of groups - 1 and the number of independent variables. It is possible to increase the prediction ability to accurately classify the group.
In order to use the discriminant analysis, it is necessary to know which group belongs to each group, to measure the variables when the group is already known, and to make a discrimination formula that can best distinguish each group using these variables . In addition, by using the discriminant function, it is possible to measure the discrimination power of how well each group is discriminated and predict which group to classify.
3. Discrimination Score
The discriminant score is derived by assigning the discriminant variables to the discriminant function to determine which group belongs to which group.
4. Size of the sample
The size of the whole sample should be at least three times the number of independent variables.
The steps of the discrimination analysis will be described below.
1. Derive an independent variable that can contribute to identifying the group to which the case belongs.
2. Derive a linear function, or discriminant function, of the independent variables that serve as a basis for classifying groups. The discriminant function is expressed by the following equation (1).
[Equation 1]
Z = β 0 + β 1 X 1 + β 2
Where Z is the discriminant score, β0 is the discriminant constant, X is the discriminant variable, and βp is the discriminant coefficient.
3. Identify the accuracy of classification by the derived discriminant function.
4. Use the discriminant function to predict the group to which the new case belongs.
Embodiments of the present invention include computer readable media including program instructions for performing various computer implemented operations. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, local data files, local data structures, etc., alone or in combination. The media may be those specially designed and constructed for the present invention or may be those known to those skilled in the computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape, optical recording media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, magneto-optical media such as floppy disks, and ROMs, And hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute the same program instructions. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like.
While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be determined by the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, Modification is possible. Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should be understood only in accordance with the following claims, and all equivalents or equivalent variations thereof are included in the scope of the present invention.
110: acceleration sensor unit
112: first acceleration sensor
114: second acceleration sensor
120: Signal processor
130:
210: tube
Claims (15)
A signal processor for indexing the vibration signal to derive a vibration characteristic factor from the vibration signal and determining a flow velocity and a flow rate state of the fluid using the vibration characteristic factor,
Lt; / RTI >
The state data of the fluid
A bubble state, a foreign body state, and a viscous state,
The signal processing unit
Wherein the fluid flow rate and the flow rate state of the fluid are determined by further using the state data of the fluid.
The signal processing unit
Wherein the vibration characteristic factor is derived from the vibration signal by applying a regression analysis that linearizes the vibration characteristic of the vibration signal when the vibration signal is indexed.
The vibration characteristic factor
A first factor indicating a magnitude of the vibration, a second factor indicating a frequency distribution characteristic of the vibration, and a third factor indicating a time characteristic of the vibration,
The signal processing unit
Wherein the flow rate state of the fluid is determined using the first factor and the flow rate state of the fluid is determined using the second factor and the third factor.
The first factor is
A loudness representing a negative sensory size, and a sharpness representing the negative sharpness,
The second factor is
At least one of a roughness indicating the degree of negative roughness and a fluctuation indicating a degree of negative fluctuation,
The third factor is
And a tonality indicative of the negative composition. ≪ Desc / Clms Page number 20 >
The acceleration sensor unit
Wherein the first and second acceleration sensors are installed at predetermined distances from the outer circumferential surface of the tube through which the fluid flows.
The first and second acceleration sensors
Wherein the flow rate measuring device is detachably installed on an outer circumferential surface of the pipe through which the fluid flows.
A display unit for displaying a result of the determination of the flow rate and the flow rate of the fluid,
Wherein the flow rate measuring device is further configured to measure the flow rate of the fluid.
Indexing the vibration signal to derive a vibration characteristic factor from the vibration signal; And
Determining a flow velocity and a flow rate state of the fluid by using the vibration characteristic factor
Lt; / RTI >
The state data of the fluid
A bubble state, a foreign body state, and a viscous state,
The step of determining a flow rate and a flow rate state of the fluid
Determining a flow rate and a flow rate state of the fluid by further using state data of the fluid;
And measuring the flow rate of the fluid.
The step of deriving the vibration characteristic factor
Deriving the vibration characteristic factor from the vibration signal by applying a regression analysis that linearizes the vibration characteristic of the vibration signal when the vibration signal is indexed,
And measuring the flow rate of the fluid.
The vibration characteristic factor
A first factor indicating a magnitude of the vibration, a second factor indicating a frequency distribution characteristic of the vibration, and a third factor indicating a time characteristic of the vibration,
The step of determining the flow rate state of the fluid
Determining a flow rate state of the fluid using the first factor; And
Determining a flow rate state of the fluid using the second factor and the third factor;
And measuring the flow rate of the fluid.
The step of outputting the vibration signal
Measuring the vibration and outputting the vibration signal through first and second acceleration sensors installed at a predetermined distance from an outer circumferential surface of the tube through which the fluid flows;
And measuring the flow rate of the fluid.
The first and second acceleration sensors
Wherein the fluid is detachably installed on an outer circumferential surface of a pipe through which the fluid flows.
Displaying the result of the determination of the flow rate and the flow rate of the fluid
Further comprising the steps of: (a) determining a flow rate of the vibration signal;
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| JP2012047483A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-08 | Railway Technical Research Institute | Evaluation method for noise in railway vehicle |
| KR101282452B1 (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-07-04 | 건국대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatus to simultaneously measure density and viscosity of liquid |
| KR101290928B1 (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-07-29 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Equipment and method for diagnosing malfunction using sound quality parameter |
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| JP2012047483A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-08 | Railway Technical Research Institute | Evaluation method for noise in railway vehicle |
| KR101282452B1 (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-07-04 | 건국대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatus to simultaneously measure density and viscosity of liquid |
| KR101290928B1 (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-07-29 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Equipment and method for diagnosing malfunction using sound quality parameter |
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