KR101705607B1 - Internal combustion engine and a water-in-fuel emulsion creation and injection pump for it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pump for producing and injecting water in a fuel emulsion. This is defined by the fuel piston (1; 101) arranged to be reciprocally drivable in the fuel cylinder (3; 103), and the fuel chamber (9; 109) during the fuel absorption period to the fuel source, Is provided with a fuel outlet conduit (5; 105) for connection and a fuel outlet conduit (7; 107) for connecting the fuel chamber (9; 109) during the fuel discharge period to the fuel drain, And a fuel chamber 9 (109). The pump is defined by a water piston (2; 102) arranged to be reciprocably drivable in the water cylinder (4; 104) and is connected to the water inlet conduit (6; 106) during the water absorption period into the water supply in the fuel supply line (10; During the water discharge period, the fuel chamber extends from the water chamber 10 (110), from the water chamber (10; 110) into the fuel chamber (9; 109) or into the fuel inlet conduit (5; 105) The water cylinder 4 104 and the water piston 2 102 are disposed coaxially with the fuel cylinder 3 103 and the fuel piston 1 101, (2; 102) is driven via the fuel piston (101). The present invention also relates to an internal combustion engine having such a pump.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine,

The present invention relates to a large two-stroke internal combustion engine in the form of a crosshead uniflow, such as an internal combustion engine, in particular a large two-stroke diesel engine according to the specifications of claim 20, for example. The present invention also relates to water-in-fuel emulsion (WIF) generation and an injection pump for such an engine wherein the water in the fuel emulsion represents water in the fuel emulsion according to the specification of claim 1.

In conventional large 2-stroke diesel engines, such as those used in ships, for example, heavy oil is used as fuel. To reduce nitrogen oxides emissions, for example, by lowering the combustion temperature in the motor, such as cooling the inlet air, filling the feed air with water, cooling the recirculated exhaust gas, or filling it with water Attempts have been made.

Another approach is to mix water with fuel, such as diesel natural gas or heavy oil. To this end, German patent DE 41 00 832 A1 is known, in which water and fuel are mixed in a mixing chamber and then the water in the fuel emulsion thus produced is injected into the combustion chamber.

German patent DE 198 12 011 A1 is also known, which injects water in the fuel emulsion in the internal combustion engine via an injection nozzle. Water in the fuel emulsion is produced in the injection chamber at the injection nozzle. The injection chamber of the water injection nozzle in the fuel emulsion is connected to the high-pressure fuel supply line and is connected to the water chamber of the water booster via the water supply line. Water and fuel are mixed in the injection chamber for water in the fuel emulsion.

The water chamber of the water booster is defined by a piston reciprocally driven in the cylinder. To drive the piston, the pressure of the fuel in the fuel supply line is used. To this end, the fuel supply line is connected to the fuel chamber through which the sections of the pistons of the water booster with large diameters are reciprocably received through the channels and the control valves. Depending on whether the fuel pressure is guided by the channel and the control valve arrangement on the front or rear surface of the enlarged diameter section of the piston, the water chamber is filled with low pressure water or water in the water chamber is discharged. There is a mixture of water and fuel at the boundary of water in the water chamber, and some fuel being fed into the ring chamber between the water chamber and the fuel chamber. However, this is nothing compared to mixing water in the injection chamber with fuel in the injection nozzle, which is water in only a small amount of the fuel emulsion, and water discharged from the water chamber is supplied.

However, measuring the water booster and fuel injector so that water is fed into the fuel chamber is a complicated and difficult task because the fuel chamber is filled with high-pressure fuel.

It is possible to produce water in the fuel emulsion in the fuel supply line of the internal combustion engine of the type described above with a simple and inexpensive structure with an acceptable accuracy of the water / fuel ratio of the water in the internal combustion engine, particularly in the fuel emulsion, The purpose of.

The object of the present invention is achieved by an internal combustion engine according to claim 20 provided with a water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion according to claim 1 and a water production and injection pump in such a fuel emulsion.

According to the present invention, an injection pump is proposed for the production of water in a fuel emulsion and for the production of water in a fuel emulsion, which is a fuel supply in a large two-stroke engine, such as an internal combustion engine, It can be installed or installed on the surface.

The water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion generally has a configuration which is comparable to a two-stage injection pump or booster pump with two pressure chambers, for example, as is known from German patent DE 41 00 832 A1, cited above . However, according to the present invention, water production in the fuel emulsion is carried out inside the injection pump or booster, i.e. in the immediate vicinity of the injection valve, inside the high-pressure fuel pump. The pipes leading to the high-pressure fuel pump are preferably not filled with the emulsion. This enables the emulsion to move fast between the mixed fuel and the fuel. Also desirable in the "black out" state is that the pipes to the high pressure fuel pump will not be filled with steam. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to water in the fuel emulsion, but can be used to mix the secondary liquid with water and other fuels, for example, emulsifiers rich in water.

In detail, the water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion of the present invention can be used, for example, in a primary pressure chamber filled with fuel, for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber or common rail of the engine via an injection nozzle, A fuel chamber (such as a generally known fuel injection pump or booster pump). The fuel chamber is defined by a fuel piston arranged to be reciprocally driven by the fuel cylinder. The fuel piston can be driven, for example, by cam arrangement or hydraulically. The water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion leads to the fuel chamber into the fuel chamber, such as during the fuel discharge period that the fuel chamber can be connected and filled by the fuel source in the fuel supply pipe, for example a low pressure fuel pump or fuel tank Fuel inlet conduit. The water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion can be connected to a fuel drain in the fuel supply line, particularly an injection valve of an engine or a common rail, To the fuel outlet conduit.

The water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion of the present invention also has a secondary pressure chamber or water chamber filled with water or another secondary liquid to be emulsified in the fuel. The fuel can be, for example, diesel, heavy oil or liquefied natural gas. The water chamber is defined by a water piston which is arranged to be reciprocally driven in the water cylinder

This secondary (or water, here) piston is driven through a primary (or fuel, here) piston, as is known in principle from pressure booster or two stage pumps. To this end, the water cylinder and the water piston are coaxially arranged in the fuel cylinder and the water piston, respectively. In addition, the water cylinder and the water piston are located at the front of the fuel chamber facing the front end of the fuel piston. That is, the fuel cylinder / fuel piston forms one stage of the two-stage pump while the water piston / water cylinder forms the secondary stage on the front end of the primary stage opposite the drive of the primary piston. However, it may also be possible for the water piston / water cylinder to form the primary stage of the pump and the fuel piston / fuel cylinder to form the secondary stage of the pump, i.e. the fuel piston / fuel cylinder, And may be positioned at the front of the water chamber.

The water production and infusion pump in the fuel emulsion can be introduced into the water chamber such that the water chamber can be connected by a water source in the fuel supply line, for example a water pump or a water tank, Lt; / RTI > inlet conduit. The water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion further includes a water outlet conduit extending out of the water chamber and (directly or indirectly) into the fuel chamber, such as during the water discharge period, Lt; / RTI >

A non-return valve or other means may be arranged to restrict the flow of water only in the discharge direction. Which means that there may be one or more check valves in the water inlet conduit that restrict the flow only into the water chamber. This also means that there may be one or more check valves in the water outlet conduit that restricts flow only in the direction from the water chamber to the fuel chamber.

Further, in order to restrict the flow of the fuel in the discharge direction (the pure fuel oil and the like in the emulsion before the generation of water in the emulsion and the water in the emulsion after the water is generated in the emulsion) serving as the fuel for the internal combustion engine finally, Means can be deployed. This means that there may be one or more check valves in the fuel inlet conduit that restricts flow only into the fuel chamber. This also means that there may be one or more check valves in the fuel outlet conduit which restricts flow only in the direction from the water chamber to the fuel chamber. If the water outlet conduit does not go directly into the fuel chamber. Into the fuel inlet conduit downstream of the check valve in the fuel inlet conduit or the fuel inlet conduit downstream of each check valve.

With the water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion of the present invention, it has a pump which is simply configured to mix water or other materials with the water in the fuel emulsion before injecting the emulsion, mainly the emulsion. Particularly, if the fuel piston is fixedly connected to the water piston to drive the water piston, the fixed ratio in the water in the fuel emulsion will increase over the entire load range of the pump consisting of the water production and the injection pump in the fuel emulsion according to the invention Can be achieved without costly control techniques. Of course, the pressure in the water chamber must be higher than in the fuel chamber during the water discharge period to allow for the discharge of water from the water chamber into the fuel chamber. The pressure in the chamber is a matter of the selected orifice size, the actual leakage and the supply pressure of the supplied water and fuel, i.e. the supply pressure of the water pump and the low pressure fuel pump, Serves as a source of water / fuel in a large two-stroke diesel engine provided in accordance with the present invention having an injection pump acting as a water injection and high pressure injection pump in the fuel emulsion of the invention.

In this connection it is particularly preferred that the water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion according to the invention is integrated with a fuel source, for example a high pressure injection pump or booster for pressurizing the fuel from the low pressure fuel pump. To achieve this, the water production in the fuel emulsion and the injection pump merely serve as the working volume of the booster at the same time. The water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion can be implemented as a booster pump for charging the high pressure common rail because it is used in large two-stroke diesel engines. That is, instead of the booster pump known to such an engine, water generation and injection pumps in the fuel emulsion can be provided. Alternatively, the water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion can also be integrated with other types of fuel pumps, for example pump injectors used for direct injection of pressurized fuel. Also in this case, the water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion according to the invention preferably serves as the pressure chamber of the pump injector. It may also be possible to integrate the water production in the emulsion and the infusion pump with a lower pressure fuel pump upstream of the fuel supply line, but with regard to corrosion, as far downstream as possible, mainly into a fuel injector or high pressure booster, Is preferably generated. As described above, it is also desirable to enable rapid transfer between the use of pure fuel or water in the emulsion for combustion in connection with safety.

In particular, for further development of the present invention, the water production and injection pump in the emulsion is integrated with a common rail feed booster pump, a pump injector, etc., and if fuel boost or injection is operated in one operating mode, If production is blocked, this is preferred and water production (and then boost or infusion) in the emulsion can be turned on in another mode of operation. It is then possible to change between the fuel and the emulsified fuel.

To this end, a shut-off valve is preferably provided in the water inlet conduit. In order to produce water in the emulsion, the shut-off valve in the water inlet conduit is then opened and closed if no water production in the emulsion is desired. That is, the shut-off valve in the water inlet conduit can be moved between the open position and the closed position. Alternatively or additionally, a dumoing conduit may be provided that extends out of the water chamber and is filled with a shut-off valve. In order to produce water in the emulsion, the shut-off valve in the water inlet conduit is then opened and closed if no water production in the emulsion is desired. That is, the shut-off valve in the water dumping conduit can be moved between the open position and the closed position.

A variety of other desirable developments are the subject of the later dependent claims.

For example, if the water pistons are fixedly connected to the fuel pistons, they form one component with the structure of a tandem piston.

In one variant of the invention, during the intake stroke of the fuel piston, the water is pressurized by the water piston in the compression stroke into the fuel chamber.

To this end, the water piston is connected to the fuel piston by a piston rod for a water piston, mainly a water piston rod. The water piston rod has a fuel piston protruding to the front end, the water piston rod having a smaller diameter than the water piston and passing through the piston rod channel having a smaller diameter than the water cylinder. The passage of the water piston rod through the piston rod channel forms a seal or a thread is provided in the passage. The water chamber is then spaced from the fuel chamber by a water piston rod extending through the piston rod channel or by a thread formed in the water piston rod. Fuel Piston (Water Piston) During retraction of the tandem, the water chamber will be pressurized (water piston compression stroke) and the fuel chamber will be expanded (fuel piston intake stroke). Thus, during this period of time constituting the water discharge period, the water will then be pressurized from the water chamber to the fuel chamber via the water discharge conduit.

Alternatively, the water production in the emulsion and the injection pump may be effected by simultaneous discharge or injection of fuel (more precisely, water in the emulsion), water being pressurized through the water outlet conduit from the water chamber into the fuel chamber during the discharge stroke of the fuel cylinder Likewise, it may have a structure in which the discharge of water into the mixing chamber (i.e., the fuel chamber) occurs. Here, the water piston and the fuel piston are operated in such a manner that the suction stroke and the discharge stroke or the compression stroke occur simultaneously, and are not offset in time as described above.

To this end, the water piston may be formed as a protrusion protruding from the front end of the fuel piston, or may be connected to the fuel piston by a water piston rod, which is present on the front surface of the front end of the water piston, Because the water chamber is on the opposite side of the fuel chamber than the water chamber. Preferably, at least the distance between the water chamber and the fuel chamber by the water piston is provided with a seal ring forming a seal or enclosing a seal, for example a water piston or a water piston rod.

Other developments concern the construction of water outlet conduits. It is relatively clear that the fuel inlet conduit, the fuel outlet conduit (i.e., the outlet conduit for water in the emulsion) and the water inlet conduit may be implemented as channels leading through the cylinder wall of each cylinder, but alternatively, There are other alternatives for the placement of water outlet conduits that may or may not be present at the same time.

First, there are other possibilities with respect to the location of the water outlet conduit and its associated element. Secondly, there is a different possibility with respect to the number of water outlet channels forming the entire water outlet conduit. Third, if the number of water outlet channels is greater than 1, then the water outlet, which forms a water outlet conduit with respect to each other There are other possibilities with respect to the location of the channel.

Generally, the water outlet conduit is represented by one or more water outlet channels leading from the water chamber to the fuel chamber. The number of water outlet channels can pass through the water piston (and, if necessary, the water piston rod).

For example, the number of water channels or, generally speaking, the water outlet conduit may comprise a straight channel, preferably in connection with the prevention of imbalance of the water piston on the shaft (which is the axis of the fuel piston at the same time) . On its fuel chamber face, the radially disposed outlets of the water outlet channels are arranged such that the ring segment of the water piston, i.e. the water piston, in which the outlet holes are present in the fuel chamber, So that water can be introduced into the fuel chamber through the plurality of radially arranged outlets so that the outlet holes surround the water piston or the water piston rod so that the fuel chamber and the water chamber Are covered or closed by spaced, wall segments (for example, piston rod channels). On the face of the water chamber, the inlet segment of the water outlet channel through the water piston can also be configured as a ring of radially extending inlets ending at the peripheral surface of the water piston. They are then opened as long as the water pistons are not moved toward the fuel chamber, so that their orifices are inside the water chamber and are not covered by the wall segment, which is spaced from the water chamber of the fuel chamber Do not close.

It is, however, also possible to set the water chamber inlet orifice of the water outlet channel axially through the water piston in the axial direction facing the piston surface. In another such development, the water chamber is present on the opposite surface of the water piston over the fuel chamber, and the inlet of the water outlet channel through the water piston is located on the axis of the water piston with its orifice facing the water chamber Similarly, it can be simply aligned with a portion extending in its axial direction. In another development, the water chamber is on the same side of the water piston as the fuel chamber, and the rings of the coaxially arranged inlets starting from the axial piston surface facing the water channel are separated by radially extending channel portions Which extends coaxially through the water piston, can be connected to the channel portion extending in the central axis direction.

On the fuel chamber surface opening the water outlet channel through the water piston, the water piston fixation on the fuel piston disables the central expansion to align with the axial channel segment. If the water outlet channel wishes the orifices to be arranged in the axial direction opposite the fuel piston face facing the fuel tank, the ring coaxially disposed at the outlets ending in the coaxially facing fuel piston face facing the fuel chamber, The outlets being connected to the channel portion which extends in the central axis direction by radially extending channel portions and then through the water piston and, if present, through the water piston rod But also to some extent directly into the fuel piston, which is attached directly to the water piston via the water piston rod.

In another configuration, the water outlet conduit may be formed by a wall segment of the housing, for example, a wall segment that surrounds the water piston rod, or a fuel piston that protrudes from the front end surface and forms part of the water piston, Or may comprise, or consist of a number of water outlet channels that extend through protrusions that are fixedly connected to the piston. For superior dispersion of water in the fuel, a ring of water outlet channels coaxially disposed about the axis of the fuel piston (water piston) tandem may be preferred, unless only one water outlet channel is provided.

Such housing inner exit channel configurations may be simply achieved by straight channels in another development wherein the water piston has a water chamber and a fuel chamber on the same surface, but if the water chamber is located on the opposite side of the water piston Once in place, it is also possible to connect the water chamber and the fuel chamber by the housing internal water outlet channels. The wall of the housing through which the water outlet channel can reach is then the cylinder wall surrounding the water piston. The inlet orifice (s) of the water outlet channel (s) will have to be located at the peripheral water cylinder surface or at the end axis facing the water cylinder surface, for example by a radial cross bore, It will have to be connected to the straight line of the channel and to the part extending in the axial direction. In this way, the water outlet channels can lead into the fuel chamber at any selected location.

Another possibility for connecting the water chamber and the fuel chamber to form at least part of the water outlet conduit, which would not be totally prevented if not desired, is to surround the water piston / water cylinder pair and / or the water piston rod / piston rod Is to use a specific leak in the wall pair.

Particularly, in order to be able to separate the water production in the fuel emulsion by, in particular, turning the water piston around its axis, partly through the water piston and / or water piston rod and partly through the housing wall to extend the water outlet conduit The connection may be in an orifice in the peripheral wall of the water piston rod and in a respective orifice in the water piston rod forming wall which may cause the fuel piston (water piston) tandem to overrun with each reciprocation have. The orifice may be axially long.

It is also desirable to reduce the size of water droplets in the water in the fuel emulsion. Thus, means for generating turbulence in the flow through the water outlet conduit / channel (s), and in particular outwardly thereof, such as throttles or sharp corners, may be desirable. In this sense, it may be preferable if the end of the water outlet conduit, mainly the water outlet channel in the fuel chamber, is provided with a spray nozzle in the orifice, or an atomizer is provided for spraying the water discharged into the fuel chamber Lt; / RTI >

Another development is the compensation of pressure damage at the spray nozzle or sprayer above the end of the water outlet channels in the fuel tank. To achieve additional pressure onto the water chamber, a pressure chamber is provided on the opposite side of the water piston to the water chamber. The pressurizing chamber can be filled with hydraulic pressure, for example, by a pressurized medium (water, oil, etc.) supplied via a pump. Preferably, the pressure chamber can be charged and discharged in inverse synchronicity with the charging and discharging of the water chamber to make the motion of the water piston suitable. To achieve this, a solenoid valve may be disposed which is controlled to properly open the pressurized medium inlet channel or the pressurized medium outlet channel while the other channel is closed. Also preferably, the filling (and evacuation) of the pressurization chamber may be accomplished by opening the outlet channel into the pressure drain and passing through a shutoff valve located, for example, within the pressurized medium inlet channel to close the inlet channel, Can be separated by a solenoid valve.

In addition, the water piston, and possibly the fuel piston, can also be formed as a plunger, i.e. a piston that drives into each chamber without sealing contact with the cylinder wall. Thread can then be placed around each piston rod or piston rod-like portion of the plunger and surrounding wall segments.

In another development, in which the water piston has a water chamber on the other side of the fuel chamber, it is desirable to have approximately the same water pressure to maintain constant water / fuel ratios in the water within the fuel emulsion during the inhalation period of the piston tandem.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 shows a perspective view of a fuel booster pump for a large two-stroke diesel engine according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the booster pump shown in Fig.
Figure 3 shows a booster pump integrated with a water production and injection pump in a fuel emulsion according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 illustrates a booster pump integrated with a water injection and injection pump in a fuel emulsion according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In Figures 1 and 2 illustrating a conventional booster pump for illustrative purposes only, the elements having similar functions to those of Figures 3 and 4 are identical to those corresponding elements but have the reference number, but the apostrophe (' ). In general, the booster pump is designated as A. This is a conventional booster pump used directly upstream of the injection valve of a large two-stroke diesel engine. Which has a fuel inlet conduit 5 'connected to the upstream side of the fuel supply line and a fuel outlet conduit 7' connected to the injection valve.

The booster is formed as a hydraulic cylinder formed in two parts within the housing 3 'and has a two-stage configuration in which the piston 1' is reciprocably receivable and which, in each bore in the lower part of the housing, The plunger-like stage of the upper part of the housing 3 'is connected to the fuel supply surface by an inlet conduit 5' together with the upper part of the housing 3 'and is injected by the fuel outlet conduit 7' Defines a fuel chamber 9 'connected to the valve.

3 and 4, which schematically illustrate the area of the water production and injection pump in the fuel emulsion integrated into a booster pump similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, will now be described.

According to the embodiments of the present invention shown in Figures 3 and 4, the fuel piston 1 (101), which broadly corresponds to the fuel plunger 1 'but has an attachment to the water piston 2 There is an additional water cylinder 4 104 on the front face of the front piston surface which is eventually driven with the conventional camshafts through the fuel pistons 1, 101 (fixed to the fuel piston 1 101) ) Defines a water chamber (10; 110) inside the water cylinder.

The water cylinder (4; 104) is connected to a water supply, for example a water pump (20) as shown in FIG. 3, by a water inlet conduit (6; 106). In addition, the water chamber (10; 110) is connected to the fuel chamber (9; 109) via a water outlet conduit (8; 108). The water outlet conduit (8; 108) is formed by several water outlet channel channels, two water outlet channels in the embodiments of Figures 3 and 4. And may be formed by rings of two or more water outlet channels in other embodiments. At the end of the fuel chamber face of each water outlet channel, a fine distribution of water in the water within the fuel emulsion thus produced can be achieved, so that small droplets can be injected into the fuel chamber 9 (109) 17; 117) are provided.

To prevent backflow of fuel or fuel in the fuel emulsion into the fuel inlet conduit (5; 105) outside the fuel chamber (9; 109) and to prevent the backflow of the fuel in the fuel outlet (7; 107) 113 and 14, 114 are provided in the fine inlet channels 5, 105 and also in the fuel outlet channels 7, 107 to prevent backflow into the fuel inlet channels 7,

Similarly, a check valve (15; 115) is provided in the water inlet channel (6; 106) to prevent backflow into the water inlet conduit (6; 106) of water in the water chamber (10; It is also possible to provide a shut-off valve (not shown) in the water inlet conduit 6 (106), such as where water production in the fuel emulsion is undesirable, for example in the cold start period of the engine, (18; 118) is provided. This effect can be further provided by a water dumping conduit as shown in Figure 3 (but not limited to this embodiment), which is closed by a shutoff valve 19 for water production in the fuel emulsion and produces water in the fuel emulsion Lt; / RTI > is undesirable.

Although shown with the embodiment of FIG. 3, but not limited to this embodiment, a water outlet conduit 8 (not shown) is provided to limit flow only in the direction from the water chamber 10 into the fuel chamber 9, 108 are provided in each of the water outlet channels.

The main difference between the embodiments shown in Figures 3 and 4 is the location of the water chambers 10, 110, respectively. 3, the water chamber 10 is disposed below the water piston 2, which is a water chamber 110 on the same side of the water piston 2 as the fuel chamber 9 of Fig. 4, Which is on the opposite side of the water piston 102, than the water piston 102.

3, the water is pushed into the fuel chamber 9 during the intake stroke of the fuel piston 1 because the water piston 1 is displaced by the water piston rod 11 into the fuel piston 9 1). When the water piston rod 11 is slidably received in the piston rod channel formed by the water generation in the fuel emulsion and the wall segment of the housing of the injection pump, the water chamber 10 and the fuel The pair is provided with a thread or a pair of threads to ensure that at least not any unexpected leakage will occur for fluid flow between the chambers 9.

4, water is discharged from the water chamber 110 into the fuel chamber 109 during the discharge (or compression) stroke of the fuel piston 10. This is because the water piston 102 Because it is constituted as the upper end of the projection projecting to the upper axially facing surface of the fuel piston 101.

In both embodiments, the mechanical connection of the water piston and the fuel piston results in a fixed ratio of water in the fuel emulsion over the full speed range of the fuel piston-water piston-tandem constituted thereby.

3, the water piston 2 must have a larger diameter than the water piston rod 11 to form the water chamber 10, but in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the water piston 102 has a larger diameter than the water piston rod 11, Like protrusion having a water piston having a diameter substantially greater than the diameter of the piston rod in the water piston, similar to Fig. 3, or may have a piston rod- Or a piston rod-like projection having a water piston having a smaller diameter than the piston rod, as indicated by the dotted line in Fig.

As shown in Figure 4 by the dashed line, if the overhead water cylinder has a smaller diameter, this can be useful because the piston rod surrounds the wall segment so as to concentrate the pressure on the smaller volume phase, Thereby achieving a higher pressure in the water chamber than in the fuel chamber without any external action. Alternatively, a higher supply pressure may be provided to the water than the fuel to each chamber to drive the water in the fuel chamber, or a higher supply pressure may be applied to the fuel than the pair of water pistons (rod) and the water cylinder and / More leakage in the pair of piston and fuel cylinder can be tolerated.

3, an additional pressure chamber 12 may be provided inside the water cylinder 4, but on the opposite surface of the water piston 2 than the water chamber 12, (12) is subject to changes to the pressurized medium to compensate for pressure losses in the atomizer (17). Although not shown, it is principally possible to provide such a pressure chamber in the embodiment of Figure 4, too, if the water piston 102 could have a larger diameter than the piston rod connecting it to the fuel piston 101 .

3, the pressurizing chamber can be selectively connected to the pressurized medium pump 20 or the discharge container 21 by a solenoid valve 22 switchable between two directions, and the solenoid valve 22 is operable to pressurize Is located within the pressurized medium inlet channel of the chamber (12). The switching of the valve 22 may be contradictory to the changing or non-changing of the water chamber 10, such as the additional pressure helping to drain water into the fuel chamber 9 and not interfere with it, It is possible to switch the position to connect the pressurizing chamber 12 to the discharge container 21 in order to block the pressurization.

In connection with the water outlet conduits 8, 108, respectively, the water outlet conduits 8, 108, which form the water outlet conduits 8, 108, May be drawn through the wall segment, and / or may be drawn through the water piston 102 as shown with the water outlet conduit 108 of FIG. The housing interior water outlet conduit 8 of FIG. 3 is short and curvilinear and the piston interior water outlet conduit 108 of FIG. 4 appears to be shorter than the housing interior water outlet conduit 108 in this embodiment, but in principle, The channels may also be possible to have the configuration of FIG. 4 in one embodiment, and the piston inner water outlet channel (s) may also be possible in the configuration of FIG. In addition, the position of the mouth of the water outlet channel (s) in the fuel chamber can be configured as desired, for example, the dashed lines in Fig. 4 are referred to. The same applies to the inlet orifice (s) of the water outlet channel (d) in the water chamber.

Various modifications of the illustrated embodiments can be expected without departing from the scope of the invention.

1 ': piston
3 ': housing
5 ': fuel inlet conduit
7 ': fuel outlet conduit
9 ': fuel chamber
1: Fuel piston
2: water piston
4: water cylinder
5: fuel inlet conduit
6: Water inlet conduit
7: Fuel outlet conduit
8: Water outlet conduit
9: Fuel chamber
10: Water chamber
11: water piston rod
12: Pressure chamber
13, 14: Check valve
17: atomizer
18, 19: Shutoff valve
20: Water pump
21: Discharge container
22: Solenoid valve
101: Fuel piston
102: water piston
104: water cylinder
105: fuel inlet conduit
106: Water inlet conduit
107: fuel outlet conduit
108: Water outlet conduit
109: Fuel chamber
110: water chamber
113, 114: Check valve
117: atomizer
118: Shutoff valve

Claims (25)

As a water containing fuel emulsion generation and injection pump for generating and injecting water containing fuel emulsions in internal combustion engines such as large two-stroke engines,
(5; 105) defined by a fuel piston (1; 101) arranged to be reciprocably drivable in a fuel cylinder (3; 103) and connected to a fuel source such as a fuel supply pump during a fuel absorption period (9; 109), provided with a fuel outlet conduit (7; 107) for connecting to a fuel drain such as an injection valve of the engine during a fuel discharge period;
A water inlet conduit (6; 106) defined by a water piston (2; 102) arranged to be reciprocably drivable within a water cylinder (4; 104) and for connection to a water source, A water chamber (10; 110); And
And a water outlet conduit (8; 108) leading to the exterior of the water chamber (10; 110), the water containing fuel emulsion generation and injection pump comprising:
The water outlet conduit (8; 108) is connected to the fuel chamber (9; 109) from the water chamber (10; 110) such that the fuel chamber (9; 109) can be filled with water from the water chamber Into the chamber (9; 109) or into the fuel inlet conduit (5; 105)
The water cylinder (4; 104) and the water piston (2; 102) are disposed coaxially with the fuel cylinder (3; 103) and the fuel piston (1; 101)
Wherein the water piston (2; 102) is driven via the fuel piston (1; 101).
2. A fuel system according to claim 1, characterized in that the water cylinder (4; 104) and the water piston (2; 102) are arranged at the front end of the fuel piston (1; 101) .
3. The water-containing fuel emulsion generation and injection pump according to claim 2, wherein the water piston (2; 102) is fixedly connected to the fuel piston (1; 101).
4. The fuel pump according to claim 3, wherein the water piston (2) is connected to the fuel piston (1) by a water piston rod (11) protruding from the front end of the fuel piston (1) And the water chamber (10) passes through the piston rod channel having a diameter smaller than that of the water piston (2) and having a diameter smaller than that of the water cylinder (4) And is sealingly spaced from the fuel chamber (9) by the water piston rod (11) in the piston rod channel.
5. The pump of claim 4, wherein the water outlet conduit is constituted at least partially by leakage between the water piston rod and the wall portion forming the piston rod channel.
5. A water-containing fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that said water outlet conduit (8) is constituted, at least in part, by a plurality of annularly arranged water outlet channels leading through a cylindrical water piston rod Emulsion generation and infusion pump.
6. A water-containing fuel emulsion generation and injection pump according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the water outlet conduit is constituted by a plurality of water outlet channels at least partly passing through the water piston rod.
5. A method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the pressurizing chamber (12) is located on the opposite side of the water cylinder (4) than the water chamber (10) and can be filled by hydraulic pressure sufficient to spray water Containing fuel emulsion generation and infusion pump.
The method of claim 8, wherein the pressure chamber (12) can be charged and discharged simultaneously with the charging and discharging of the water chamber (10), and the charging of the pressure chamber Characterized by water-containing fuel emulsion generation and injection pumps.
4. The fuel pump according to claim 3, wherein the water piston (102) is formed as a protruding portion protruding from the front end of the fuel piston (101) or connected to the fuel piston by a water piston rod, Characterized in that it is located at the front end of the water piston (102) and is sealingly spaced from the fuel chamber (109) by at least the water piston (102) in the water cylinder (104) Pump.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the water outlet conduit is constituted at least partially by leakage between the water piston and the wall portion of the water cylinder surrounding the water piston. Infusion pump.
11. The pump of claim 10, wherein the water outlet conduit is constituted by a plurality of annularly arranged water outlet channels at least partially through the cylinder wall of the water cylinder.
11. A water-containing fuel emulsion generation and injection pump according to claim 10, wherein the water outlet conduit (108) is constituted by a plurality of water outlet channels at least partially through the water piston (102).
7. A water treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that each said water outlet channel is provided with a check valve which restricts only the flow from said water chamber (10; 110) to said fuel chamber (9; 109) Emulsion generation and infusion pump.
15. A water containing fuel emulsion generation and injection pump according to claim 14, characterized in that an atomizer (17; 117) is provided in each opening of the water outlet channel into the fuel chamber (9; 109).
The water pressure piston according to claim 7, wherein a water pressure piston is present on the opposite side of the water chamber than the water cylinder and can be filled with sufficient hydraulic pressure to spray water, And the charge of the water pressurizing piston can be separated. ≪ Desc / Clms Page number 13 >
16. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or 10 to 15, characterized in that the fuel piston (1; 101) is a plunger (1; 101) .
18. The pump of claim 17, wherein the water piston (2; 102) is a plunger (2; 102).
16. A pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or 15 to 15, characterized in that the pump is formed as a booster for pressurizing the fuel from a fuel source directly injected into the common rail or into the combustion chamber of the engine Characterized in that the fuel chamber (9; 109) serves as the operating volume of the booster to be filled with pressure by the fuel piston (1; 101).
16. A water-containing fuel emulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or 15 to 15, characterized in that it has means for blocking the production of water-containing fuel emulsions during operation of the fuel booster Infusion pump.
21. A device according to claim 20, wherein the means for interrupting the production of a water-containing fuel emulsion during operation of the fuel booster is provided with a shutoff valve (18; 118) and a shutoff valve (19) provided in the water inlet conduit Wherein the shutoff valve (18; 118) in the water inlet conduit (6; 106) is at least one of an open position for generating a water containing fuel emulsion And a shut-off valve (19) in the water dumping conduit for closing the shut-off position for generating a water-containing fuel emulsion and an open position for shutting off the production of the water-containing fuel emulsion Water-containing fuel emulsion generation and injection pump.
16. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or 15 to 15, wherein the fuel chamber (9; 109), the water chamber (10; 110) and the water outlet conduit (8; 108) Wherein the fuel inlet conduit passes through a wall portion of the housing to connect the fuel chamber to the fuel inlet port of the housing and the water inlet conduit ; 106) extends through the wall of the housing to connect the water chamber (10; 110) to the water inlet port of the housing, the fuel outlet conduit (7; 107) And through the wall for connection to the fuel outlet port of the housing.
15. An internal combustion engine having a water-containing fuel emulsion generation and injection pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or 10 to 15.
24. An internal combustion engine according to claim 23, wherein the water-containing fuel emulsion generation and injection pump is formed as a high-pressure pump or booster in the vicinity of the injection valve.
24. The fuel supply system of claim 23, further comprising: a fuel source, such as a fuel supply pump, connected to the fuel inlet conduit (5; 105); A fuel drain, such as an injection valve of a combustion chamber or common rail of the engine, connected to the fuel outlet conduit (7; 107); Such as a water supply pump, connected to said water outlet conduit (8; 108).

Images