KR101696731B1 - Convertor and method of controlling the same - Google Patents

Convertor and method of controlling the same Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101696731B1
KR101696731B1 KR1020150137326A KR20150137326A KR101696731B1 KR 101696731 B1 KR101696731 B1 KR 101696731B1 KR 1020150137326 A KR1020150137326 A KR 1020150137326A KR 20150137326 A KR20150137326 A KR 20150137326A KR 101696731 B1 KR101696731 B1 KR 101696731B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
converter
molten steel
passage
slag
discharge
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KR1020150137326A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
조길동
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주식회사 포스코
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Priority to KR1020150137326A priority Critical patent/KR101696731B1/en
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Publication of KR101696731B1 publication Critical patent/KR101696731B1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/285—Plants therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4653—Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2300/00—Process aspects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Abstract

A control method of a converter and a converter is disclosed. According to a converter for taking and refining molten steel according to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to discharge the molten steel from the converter, the molten steel is installed in an inclined direction with respect to the horizontal direction of the converter when the converter is upright And a lubrication nozzle inserted into the converter lubrication port and discharging the molten steel. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the slag leakage flowing out of the furnace during the converter laminating operation, to prevent the equipment from being burned, to improve the cleanliness of the molten steel introduced, and to improve the rate of realization of the ferroalloy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a converter and a control method thereof,

The present invention relates to a converter and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a converter and a method of controlling the same, and more particularly, to prevent leakage of slag flowing out through a furnace during a converter laminating operation, And a control method thereof.

Generally, charcoal pretreatment (talline, desulfurization) is charged to the converter, and the raw materials such as scrap iron, cold liquor, etc., and the raw materials such as quicklime, dolomite, and iron ore are introduced and the refining process is called oxygen blowing do. The total time on the converter takes into account the characteristics of each steelworks, including preparation time for operation, and typically takes a refining time of 35 to 60 minutes.

After the electrolytic refining process, the molten steel is placed in a container called a take-up reel to perform a secondary refining process for removing components, temperature, and impurities, and then molten steel is sent to the continuous casting process. In the preliminary treatment of molten iron, molten iron is charged into the furnace by tilting charcoal loading levers using a crane. In the converter, molten steel is spouted by the ladle using the ladle. In the secondary refining, The molten steel is spouted in the internship.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the converter ladling process tanks the molten steel 3 to the take-up reel 2 through the lubrication port 5 while tilting the converter 1 at a predetermined angle, It takes about 3 to 6 minutes of lecture time.

On the other hand, the outflow of the slag (4) into the ladle opening (5) at the time of introducing molten steel in the converter (1) is largely divided into early, middle and late periods. It is formed by the formation of vortex in the middle stage, and due to the small amount of molten steel in the end stage, the molten steel and slag come out together.

Generally, a converter has a structure in which a permanent structure and a built-in structure are stacked so as to be able to withstand the heat of the high-temperature heat, and a plurality of scoops are provided in the lower portion. In addition, a trunnion ring is provided for supporting and tilting the converter 1, and a shaft is arranged to rotate the trunnion ring. A converter (1) having a height-width ratio of 0.75 to 0.85 is referred to as a "shallow converter", and the converter is shallow in depth.

The newly developed converter 1 as described above is constituted by designing the louver 10 as the nose between the central axis of the converter and the nose or slightly higher than the interval between them. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the ladle opening and closing operation is performed using the laden opening 10, the molten steel 3 is forced to escape from the ladle 3 when the ladle 3 is introduced into the laden opening 10 The vortex is generated by the turning force generated by the vortex force generated by the vortex force and the slag 4 on the upper part of the molten steel 3 is sucked by the vortex by the vortex force when the louver 10 and the molten steel 3 are lowered in height It is necessary to continuously increase the tilting angle of the converter 1 in order to prevent the slag 4 from leaking out of the molten steel 3, And the equipment is burned. At the end of the ladle, the height of the ladle 10 and the molten steel is lowered so that some of the slag flows out through the ladle slowly, resulting in quality degradation due to phosphorus (P) in the contaminated converter slag, Which causes a decrease in the iron rejection rate.

When the slag 4 existing in the upper part of the molten steel 3 is mixed into the take-up reel 2 through the lubrication port 5, oxidizing elements (P 2 O 5 ) and iron oxide (FeO) Therefore, when aluminum (Al) is injected in the subsequent refining process, it is mostly returned to the molten steel and adversely affects the components of molten steel. Therefore, most of the steelworks will conduct technological development activities to reduce slag leakage at the steelworks have.

As a typical method, there are a method of preventing the terminal slag outflow by putting floating matters such as a slag check ball in the past 90's, a method of preventing the middle and late term outflow by putting a slag dart during the lecture, A method of bubbling gas from the refractory during the lecture, a method of controlling the sliding of the sliding gate type, and the like have been known up to now, but they all have their limitations and disadvantages. Most steel mills now have the widest application of dart technology.

In order to minimize slag leakage due to the eddy phenomenon, it is necessary to reduce the rotational flow rate. To this end, the height of the molten steel can be increased. For this purpose, the height of the molten steel can be increased by continuously increasing the tilting angle of the converter. However, in such a case, the slag on the upper portion of the molten steel flows to the furnace, falls on the upper part of the ladle supporting the ladles, and the equipment is burned.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0019562

Embodiments of the present invention provide a converter capable of preventing slag leakage flowing out of a furnace during a converter laminating operation, preventing facility burnout, improving the cleanliness of the molten steel introduced, and improving the rate of realization of iron alloy.

In addition, embodiments of the present invention provide a control method of a converter capable of controlling the tilting angle of the converter to prevent leakage of slag flowing out through the furnace during a converter lubrication operation.

In a converter for taking and refining molten steel according to an embodiment of the present invention, the converter is disposed in a direction inclined with respect to the horizontal direction of the converter when the converter is upright in order to discharge the molten steel from the converter And a ladle nozzle inserted into the passage opening and closing passage to discharge the molten steel.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the converter passage may be installed in a direction inclined upward by 10 to 20 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction of the converter.

Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the trunnion ring may include a tiltable trunnion ring which is spaced apart from the converter and surrounds the side surface of the converter.

Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the converter passage may be installed adjacent to the trion ring between the trion ring and the nose of the converter in which the molten steel is taken.

Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to easily discharge water vapor inside the converter, it may include one or more discharge holes passing through the converter adjacent to the converter passage.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the lubrication nozzle includes a lug hole disposed in an outer side surface of the converter, a first hole formed in the lug hole, and one side of the lug hole is inserted into the converter lug, And a lid opening which is inserted into an inner hole of the set lead and has a second hole formed therein and discharges the molten steel.

In order to discharge the molten steel in the converter and prevent the slag from leaking out of the molten steel, the control method of a converter for taking and refining molten steel according to an embodiment of the present invention, And tilting at an angle.

Also, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the tilting angle may be 40 to 100 °.

Embodiments of the present invention can prevent slag leakage flowing out of the furnace during the converter laminating operation, thereby improving the cleanliness of the molten steel introduced and improving the rate of realization of the ferroalloy.

Figs. 1 and 2 are sectional views for explaining a general conversion furnace laminating process.
3 is a sectional view for explaining the inflow of a slag into a ladle by a vortex.
4 is a graph for explaining the principle of generation of a vortex.
5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a perspective view for explaining a method of controlling a converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are provided to fully convey the spirit of the present invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but may be embodied in other forms. For the sake of clarity, the drawings are not drawn to scale, and the size of the elements may be slightly exaggerated to facilitate understanding.

3 is a sectional view for explaining the inflow of a slag into a ladle by a vortex. 4 is a graph for explaining the principle of generation of a vortex.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, when any fluid is contained in a certain container, the fluid discharged through the outlet at the bottom of the container generates eccentric force due to the rotation of the earth, In the southern hemisphere, a vortex occurs in the upper surface of the fluid as it rotates in a clockwise direction. At the center of the vortex, a vortex occurs in which the bath surface of the fluid sinks in the shape of a funnel. The direction is determined by the above-mentioned eccentric force. However, in practical cases, it is not easy to grasp the direction of rotation of the fluid by a complex element.

The principle of vortex generation can be interpreted by the law of momentum conservation and Bernoulli's equation. When the outlet is opened in a certain vessel, the angular momentum at any point is preserved and is expressed as in equation (1) below.

(L: angular momentum, m: mass of fluid particles, r x : distance in the horizontal direction from the center of the outlet of the vessel): L = mr x 2 wx =

The above equation (1) can be expressed by the following equation (2). (r 1 < r 2 )

(2): L = mr 1 V = mr 2 V = constant

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, as the distance from the r 2 point to the r 1 point in the vessel decreases, the rotational velocity V of the fluid increases, so that the rotational speed of the fluid at the upper portion (central region) of the outlet becomes the highest.

If Bernoulli's equation is applied here, the following equation (3) is obtained.

Equation (3): P o + d s gH s + 1 / 2d l V 2 + d l gH l = constant (P o: atmospheric pressure, d s, d l: specific gravity of the slag and the molten steel, H s, H l: The height of the slag and the molten steel)

According to Equation (3), when the fluid is discharged, the atmospheric pressure and the slag height are constant when the rotational speed V is increased. Therefore, the height H 1 of the molten steel should be decreased. Therefore, when Eqs. (2) and (3) are combined, when the fluid is discharged from an arbitrary vessel, the rotation speed of the fluid at the upper portion of the outlet becomes the fastest point, A dented vortex will occur. In order to minimize slag leakage due to the eddy phenomenon, it is necessary to reduce the rotational flow rate. To this end, the height of the molten steel can be increased. For this purpose, the height of the molten steel can be increased by continuously increasing the tilting angle of the converter. However, in such a case, the slag on the upper portion of the molten steel flows to the furnace, falls on the upper part of the ladle supporting the ladles, and the equipment is burned.

5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5, in a converter 1 for taking and refining molten steel, the converter 1 is connected to the upper end of the converter 1 at the time of upright of the converter 1 to discharge the molten steel from the converter 1, A converter passage 20 installed to penetrate the converter 1 in a direction (A T ) inclined upward by 10 to 20 ° with respect to the horizontal direction A X of the converter 1, And lubrication nozzles (23, 24, 25) for discharging the molten steel.

The converter (1) is the to be installed to pass through in a direction (A T) inclined to the upper 10 to 20 ° with respect to the horizontal direction (A X) of the converter (1) when the upright (upright) of the converter (1) The converter passage 20 may include a converter passage 20 in the horizontal direction A x of the converter 1 when the converter 1 is upright, 15 &lt; / RTI &gt; upward in the inclined direction (A T ).

When the inclination direction ( AT ) of the converter passage 20 is less than 10 degrees, since the tilting angle at the time when the molten steel is first discharged is less than 40 degrees, the height between the converter passage 20 and the upper portion of the molten steel The vortex is generated strongly and the slag is discharged through the converter passage 20.

When the inclination direction ( AT ) of the converter passage 20 is more than 20, the tilting angle at the time when the molten steel starts to be discharged for the first time is more than 50 degrees. Therefore, the slag leakage to the converter passage 20 due to the vortex phenomenon If the tilting angle of the converter 1 is continuously increased to minimize the slag, the slag on the molten steel flows out into the furnace.

For example, the lubrication nozzle may include a lug opening 23, a set lug 24, and a lug opening 25.

The lug opening 23 is disposed on an outer side surface of the converter 1 and the lug opening 23 can be welded to the converter 1. [ The set hole 24 is formed with a first hole therein and one side thereof is inserted into the lug hole 22 and the lug hole 23 and the other side is supported on the inner side of the converter 1. [ have. The lubrication port 25 is inserted into the inner hole of the set connection port 24 and a second hole is formed therein to discharge the molten steel.

The set openings 24 and the openings 25 may be made of refractory material and the set openings 24 or the openings 25 may be combined with two or more tubular nozzles.

The converter 1 includes a trunnion ring 10 separating from the converter 1 and surrounding the side surface of the converter 1 and tilting the converter 1. The trunnion ring

The trion ring 10 is disposed in an intermediate region with respect to the height of the converter 1 so that the converter 1 can be tilted.

For example, the converter passage 20 may be installed adjacent to the trion ring 10 between the trion ring 10 and the nose of the converter in which the molten steel is taken. More preferably, the converter passage 20 can be installed in the converter 1 in a region directly above the trance ring 10, for example, within 1 m from the trion ring 10 As shown in FIG.

When the installation position of the converter passage 20 is lower than the trance ring 10, there is a problem that the amount of the molten steel to which the converter 10 can be taken is too small to lower the productivity of the molten steel refining process .

When the installation position of the converter passage 20 is adjacent to the nose between the trance ring 10 and the nose, at the same tilting angle as the converter of the embodiment of the present invention, 20 and the upper portion of the molten steel are low and the vortex is generated strongly so that the slag is discharged through the converter passage 20. Since the tilting angle when the molten steel starts to be discharged for the first time is more than 50 degrees, If the tilting angle of the converter 1 is continuously increased in order to minimize slag leakage to the ladle 20, there is a problem that the slag on the molten steel flows out into the ladle.

The converter 1 includes a plurality of discharge holes 21 passing through the converter 1 adjacent to the converter passage 20 so as to easily discharge water vapor inside the converter 1 can do.

The converter 1 can generate steam inside the converter 1 at the time of the succession of the converter 1 or after the changeover of the converter passage 20. In order to facilitate discharge of the steam, The discharge holes 21 may be formed adjacent to the periphery of the discharge port 20.

Two or more discharge holes 21 may be formed, and the diameter of each discharge hole may be 1 to 10 cm.

6 is a perspective view for explaining a method of controlling a converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 and 6, according to the control method for a converter according to an embodiment of the present invention, the molten steel in the converter 1 is discharged through the control signal of the tilting control unit 30, the converter 1 can be tilted at an inclination angle of 100 DEG or less in order to prevent leakage of the slag.

When the trolley 1 is tilted at a tilting angle of more than 100 °, if the tilting angle of the converter 1 is continuously increased, the slag on the molten steel flows out into the nog.

For example, the tilting angle of the converter 1 may be 40 to 100 degrees. When the tilting angle is less than 40 °, the height between the converter passage 20 and the upper portion of the molten steel is low, so that vortices are generated strongly and the slag is discharged through the converter passage 20. In addition, when the tilting angle is more than 100 °, there is a problem that the slag on the molten steel flows out into the furnace.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

In Table 1, the position of the ladle was controlled to observe the slag leakage from the ladle.

Location of lecture Direction of louver (horizontal direction of converter) Initial molten steel outflow angle Final turning angle Whether nogu slag is leaked Comparative Example 1 From center of converter height to Noguchi 0 ° 55 ° 105 ° O Comparative Example 2 Located between the center of the converter height and the nog 0 ° 53 ° 103 ° O Example 1 Located at the top of the trilling ring 15 ° 45 ° 98 ° X Example 2 Located at the top of the trilling ring 15 ° 44 ° 95 ° X

As in the embodiments of the present invention, when the refined molten steel is transported to the reels, the ladle provided on the upper portion of the plunger ring, as in the embodiments of the present invention, And it starts to come out through this lane.

For example, if molten steel flows through the ladle at 55 ° in the ladle according to Comparative Example 1, molten steel flows at 45 ° in the ladle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and in order to prevent vortex Regarding the maintenance of a constant height between the inside of the louver and the molten steel, even in the case where the same tilting angle of the motor is equal to 90 ° in the converter having the louver in Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, It is advantageous to keep the distance between the spheres high to prevent vortex.

Therefore, in order to prevent vortexes, it is necessary to lower the tilting angles of the prior art louver than the present invention so that the slag continues to flow out of the furnace. However, since the present invention does not require slag flow, The tilting angle can be maintained.

While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will readily obviate modifications and variations within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. It will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

1: converter 2:
3: molten steel 4: slag
5: lacing hole 10:
20: converter passage opening 21: exhaust hole
22: Slot hole 23: Slot hole
24: Set kite and 25:

Claims (8)

In a converter for taking and refining molten steel,
A converter passage installed in a direction inclined with respect to a horizontal direction of the converter when the converter is upright to discharge the molten steel from the converter;
A lubrication nozzle inserted into the passage opening and discharging the molten steel; And
And one or more discharge holes passing through the converter adjacent to the converter passage to easily discharge water vapor inside the converter. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the converter passage is provided so as to penetrate in a direction inclined upward by 10 to 20 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction of the converter. The method according to claim 1,
And a trunnion ring spaced from the converter and surrounding the side surface of the converter, the trunnion ring tilting the converter. The method of claim 3,
And the converter passage is provided adjacent to the trion ring between the trion ring and the nose of the converter in which the molten steel is taken. delete 2. The apparatus according to claim 1,
A lug opening disposed on an outer side surface of the converter;
A first set having a first hole formed therein and having one side inserted into the converter passage opening and closing port and the other side supported on a side surface of the converter; And
And a lug opening port which is inserted into the inner hole of the set lead and has a second hole formed therein to discharge the molten steel. A control method for a converter as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4,
And tilting the converter at an inclination angle of 100 ° or less to discharge the molten steel in the converter and prevent the slag from flowing out of the molten steel. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the tilting angle is 40 to 100 degrees.


KR1020150137326A 2015-09-30 2015-09-30 Convertor and method of controlling the same KR101696731B1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108251596A (en) * 2018-04-11 2018-07-06 北京科技大学 A kind of fixed converter tapping hole dual-nozzle configuration
WO2020111670A1 (en) * 2018-11-28 2020-06-04 주식회사 포스코 Tapping apparatus of converter furnace
KR20200001844U (en) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-20 김경재 A slag port having a protruding portion through which molten metal is discharged

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02225612A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-09-07 Didier Werke Ag Molten metal-pathway for metallurgical vessel
KR20090064452A (en) * 2006-09-13 2009-06-18 지멘스 브이에이아이 메탈스 테크놀로지스 게엠베하 앤드 컴퍼니 Method for pouring melt from a tiltable metallurgic vessel and system for performing the method
CN102943143A (en) * 2012-12-12 2013-02-27 沈阳东北大学冶金技术研究所有限公司 Slag stopping material, slag stopping method and combined technology method of slag stopping and slag splashing protection
KR20130019562A (en) 2011-08-17 2013-02-27 주식회사 포스코 Tapping spout structure for converter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02225612A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-09-07 Didier Werke Ag Molten metal-pathway for metallurgical vessel
KR20090064452A (en) * 2006-09-13 2009-06-18 지멘스 브이에이아이 메탈스 테크놀로지스 게엠베하 앤드 컴퍼니 Method for pouring melt from a tiltable metallurgic vessel and system for performing the method
KR20130019562A (en) 2011-08-17 2013-02-27 주식회사 포스코 Tapping spout structure for converter
CN102943143A (en) * 2012-12-12 2013-02-27 沈阳东北大学冶金技术研究所有限公司 Slag stopping material, slag stopping method and combined technology method of slag stopping and slag splashing protection

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108251596A (en) * 2018-04-11 2018-07-06 北京科技大学 A kind of fixed converter tapping hole dual-nozzle configuration
CN108251596B (en) * 2018-04-11 2023-08-25 北京科技大学 Fixed converter tapping hole double-nozzle structure
WO2020111670A1 (en) * 2018-11-28 2020-06-04 주식회사 포스코 Tapping apparatus of converter furnace
KR20200001844U (en) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-20 김경재 A slag port having a protruding portion through which molten metal is discharged
KR200492855Y1 (en) * 2019-02-12 2020-12-22 김경재 A slag port having a protruding portion through which molten metal is discharged

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