KR101687487B1 - Dc-dc converter and system for converting of power with the same - Google Patents

Dc-dc converter and system for converting of power with the same Download PDF

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KR101687487B1
KR101687487B1 KR1020150071085A KR20150071085A KR101687487B1 KR 101687487 B1 KR101687487 B1 KR 101687487B1 KR 1020150071085 A KR1020150071085 A KR 1020150071085A KR 20150071085 A KR20150071085 A KR 20150071085A KR 101687487 B1 KR101687487 B1 KR 101687487B1
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South Korea
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capacitor
diode
group
switch element
converter
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KR1020150071085A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20160136887A (en
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석줄기
파라스타 아미르
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영남대학교 산학협력단
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

DC-DC converter and a power conversion system including the DC-DC converter are disclosed. The DC-DC converter according to the exemplary embodiment includes a switch element group including a plurality of switch elements connected in series, a plurality of diodes connected in series, and a first diode group connected to one side of the switch element group A second diode group including a plurality of diodes connected in series and connected to the other side of the switch element group, a first diode group connected between the first diode group and the switch element group and a first diode group connected in parallel to the switch element group And a second group of capacitors connected in parallel to the second diode group and the switch element group between the second diode group and the switch element group.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a DC-DC converter and a power conversion system including the DC-DC converter.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a converter, and more particularly, to a DC-DC converter and a power conversion system having the DC-DC converter.

In order to reduce the power loss, when the electric energy generating the AC voltage such as the wind power is transmitted to the power network, the electric power is transmitted to the DC rather than the AC. In order to convert the electric energy, DC-DC) converter is required. DC-DC converters must have characteristics with high efficiency and high step-up ratio for large-capacity power conversion, and simple configuration and simple control are required to increase power density.

Conventional DC-DC converters require a power semiconductor device having a high voltage tolerance due to high-voltage stress, which is a cause of a rise in the price of a DC-DC converter. Accordingly, a multi-level DC-DC converter has been developed in which a power semiconductor device having a low voltage tolerance can be used. However, the conventional multi-level DC-DC converter has a disadvantage that the circuit becomes very complicated to be used in a large-capacity power field because it is difficult to achieve a high boosting voltage.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0025936 (Apr.

According to an exemplary embodiment, a DC-DC converter capable of reducing current and voltage stress and a power conversion system including the DC-DC converter are provided.

According to an exemplary embodiment, there is provided a DC-DC converter and a power conversion system including the DC-DC converter, wherein power density and operation characteristics are improved using a small-capacity booster inductor.

According to an exemplary embodiment, a DC-DC converter capable of obtaining a high voltage gain and a power conversion system including the DC-DC converter are provided.

The DC-DC converter according to the exemplary embodiment includes: a switch element group including a plurality of switch elements connected in series; A first diode group including a plurality of diodes connected in series and connected to one side of the switch element group; A second diode group including a plurality of diodes connected in series and connected to the other side of the switch element group; A first capacitor group connected in parallel to the first diode group and the switch element group between the first diode group and the switch element group; And a second capacitor group connected in parallel to the second diode group and the switch element group between the second diode group and the switch element group.

Wherein the number of diodes included in the first diode group is equal to the number of diodes included in the second diode group, and the direction of the diodes included in the first diode group and the direction of the diodes included in the second diode group Can be arranged in the same manner.

The number of diodes included in the first diode group and the number of diodes included in the second diode group may be the same as the number of switch elements included in the switch element group.

The first capacitor group and the second capacitor group may be provided symmetrically with respect to the switch element group.

The number of capacitors included in the first capacitor group and the number of capacitors included in the second capacitor group may be the same as the number of switch elements included in the switch element group.

The DC-DC converter may further include a booster inductor connected to one end of the input DC power source and the first switch element of the switch element group, respectively.

Wherein the switch element group is sequentially connected in series from the first switch element to the nth switch element, the first diode group is sequentially connected in series from the first-1 to the first-n diodes, The second diode group is serially connected in series from the second-1 diode to the second-n diode, the first-first diode is connected to the first switch element, and the second- n switch elements.

Wherein the first capacitor group includes a first 1-1 capacitor and a first 1-n capacitor, and the 1-1 through 1- n capacitors are connected to the first 1-1 diode and the first n- And may be sequentially connected in parallel from the first to n-th switch elements to the first-nth diode and the first to n-th switch elements between the first switch element and the nth switch element.

Wherein the second capacitor group includes a second-1 capacitor to a second-n capacitor, and the second-1 capacitor to the second-n capacitor each include the second-1 diode to the second-n diode, And the second switch may be sequentially connected in parallel from the second-1 diode to the second-n diode and from the nth switch device to the first switch device between the nth switch device and the first switch device.

The DC-DC converter includes: an output capacitor connected in parallel with the first capacitor group and the second capacitor group; And an output inductor connected between one end of the first-n capacitor and one end of the output capacitor, respectively, between the first capacitor group and the output capacitor.

A DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment includes: a switch element group including first to third switch elements connected in series; A first diode group including a first-first diode to a first-third diode connected in series, the first-first diode being connected to the first switch element; A second diode group including a second-first diode to a second-third diode connected in series, the second-1 diode being connected to the third switch element; And the first to third capacitors are connected to the first to third diodes and the first to third diodes and the first to third capacitors, respectively, A first capacitor group connected in parallel between the switch elements; And the second-1 capacitor to the second-third capacitor, wherein each of the second-1 capacitor to the second-third capacitor includes the second-first diode to the second-third diode, And a second group of capacitors connected in parallel between the three switch elements.

Wherein the switch element group is sequentially connected in series from the first switch element to the third switch element, and the first diode group is connected in series from the first-1 < th > And the second diode group is serially connected in series from the second-1 diode to the second-third diode, the first-second diode is connected to the first switch element, -1 diode may be connected to the third switch element.

Wherein the first 1-1 capacitor and the 1-3 capacitor are connected between the first 1-1 diode and the first 1-3 diode and between the first 1-1 diode and the third switch element, The first to third diodes, and the first to third switch elements.

And the second-1 capacitor to the second-third capacitor are connected between the second-1 diode to the second-third diode and the third switch element to the first switch element, The second and third diodes, and the third switch element to the first switch element.

The DC-DC converter includes: an output capacitor connected in parallel with the first capacitor group and the second capacitor group; And an output inductor connected between one end of the first-third capacitor and one end of the output capacitor, respectively, between the first capacitor group and the output capacitor.

Wherein the DC-DC converter includes a first operating region to a third operating region during a switching cycle based on a duty cycle (D), wherein the first operating region is 0 <D <1/3, a group voltage (v P) is periodically switched between the 2Vc 3/3 and the value Vc 3, the second operating area, 1/3 <D <2/3, and the voltage (v of the switching element group P ) is Vc 3/3 and 2Vc 3/3 Are periodically switched between a value, the third operating region, 2/3 <D <1, and the voltage, the switching element group (P v) is zero and Vc 3/3 Values can be periodically switched. Here, Vc 3 may be a voltage applied to the first-third capacitor or the second-third capacitor.

The DC-DC converter may have a voltage gain according to Equation (1).

(1)

Figure 112015048959498-pat00001

Here, D may be a duty cycle value of the DC-DC converter, Vo may be an output voltage of the DC-DC converter, and Vs may be an input voltage of the DC-DC converter.

According to the exemplary embodiment, the first diode group and the first capacitor group and the second diode group and the second capacitor group are symmetrically disposed with the switch element group therebetween, thereby simplifying the entire circuit structure of the DC-DC converter And the voltage stress of the power device can be reduced, so that a device having a small power-consumption capacity can be used, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the DC-DC converter. In addition, the simplified circuit structure can reduce the capacity of the booster inductor, thereby achieving high power density and fast operation characteristics. In addition, a high voltage gain can be obtained while easily achieving a high voltage rise.

1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a multi-level DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment;
2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a four-level DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment;
3A is a circuit diagram illustrating a first switching mode of a four-level DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment;
3B is a circuit diagram illustrating a second switching mode of a four-level DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment;
3C is a circuit diagram illustrating a third switching mode of a four-level DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3D is a circuit diagram showing a fourth switching mode of a four-level DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment
3E is a circuit diagram illustrating a fifth switching mode of the four-level DC-DC converter according to the exemplary embodiment
3F is a circuit diagram showing a sixth switching mode of the four-level DC-DC converter according to the exemplary embodiment
FIG. 3G is a circuit diagram illustrating a seventh switching mode of the four-level DC-DC converter according to the exemplary embodiment
3H is a circuit diagram illustrating an eighth switching mode of the four-level DC-DC converter according to the exemplary embodiment
4A is a graph showing the switch operation state, current and voltage state according to the first operation region
4B is a graph showing the switch operation state, current, and voltage state according to the second operation region
4C is a graph showing the switch operation state, current and voltage state according to the third operation region

Hereinafter, a DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment and a power conversion system having the DC-DC converter will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. However, this is an exemplary embodiment only and the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the following description, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear. The following terms are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, and may be changed according to the intention or custom of the user, the operator, and the like. Therefore, the definition should be based on the contents throughout this specification.

The technical idea of the present invention is determined by the claims, and the following embodiments are merely a means for efficiently describing the technical idea of the present invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs.

On the other hand, directional terms such as "top", "bottom", "one side", "other side", etc. are used in connection with the orientation of the disclosed figures. The components of embodiments of the present invention may be positioned in various orientations so that directional terminology is used for illustration purposes and not limitation

1 is a circuit diagram showing a multi-level DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment.

1, a DC-DC converter 100 includes an input DC power supply 102, a switch element group 104, a first diode group 106, a second diode group 108, a first capacitor group 110 A second group of capacitors 112, an output capacitor 114, and an output inductor 116. [ The DC-DC converter 100 is a multilevel DC-DC converter, and can operate both as a continuous current mode (CCM) and as a discontinuous conduction mode (DCM).

The input DC power supply (Vs) 102 serves to supply DC power that is boosted through the DC-DC converter 100. The input DC power supply 102 may be connected in parallel at both ends of the switch element group 104.

The switch element group 104 includes a plurality of switch elements S1 to Sn. The plurality of switch elements S1 to Sn may be connected in series. That is, the first switch element S1 to the nth switch element Sn may be connected in series. One end of the input DC power supply 102 may be connected to the first switch element S1 and the other end of the input DC power supply 102 may be connected to the nth switch element Sn. In an exemplary embodiment, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) may be used as the switching element, but it is not limited thereto and various other switching elements may be used.

A booster inductor (Lb) 118 may be disposed between the input DC power supply 102 and the switch element group 104. The booster inductor 118 may be connected between the input DC power supply 102 and the first switch element S1 and the input DC power supply 102 and the first switch element S1 respectively. The booster inductor 118 serves to keep the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 100 (i.e., the voltage at the output capacitor 114) constant. The booster inductor 118 can use a small-capacity inductor due to the structure of the DC-DC converter 100, which will be described below.

The first diode group 106 is connected to one side of the switch element group 104. In the figure, the first diode group 106 is shown connected to the upper side of the switch element group 104. The first diode group 106 includes a plurality of diodes Dt1 to Dtn. The plurality of diodes Dt1 to Dtn may be connected in series. That is, the first to n-th diodes Dt1 to Dtn may be connected in series. Here, the first-first diode Dt1 may be connected to the first switch element S1. In an exemplary embodiment, the anode of the 1-1 diode Dt1 may be connected to the collector of the first switch element S1. In this case, the 1-1 diode Dt1 to the first-n diode Dtn may be sequentially connected from the upper side of the first switch element S1.

The second diode group 108 is connected to the other side of the switch element group 104. In the figure, the second diode group 108 is shown connected to the lower side of the switch element group 104. The second diode group 108 includes a plurality of diodes Db1 to Dbn. The plurality of diodes Db1 to Dbn may be connected in series. That is, they may be connected in series from the second-1 diodes Db1 to the second-n diodes Dbn. Here, the 2-1th diode Db1 may be connected to the nth switch element Sn. In an exemplary embodiment, the cathode of the second-1 diode Db1 may be connected to the emitter of the nth switch element Sn. In this case, the second-1 diodes Db1 to the second-n diodes Dbn may be sequentially connected under the nth switch element Sn.

As such, the switch element group 104, the first diode group 106, and the second diode group 108 can be connected in series. At this time, the first diode group 106 and the second diode group 108 may be disposed on both sides of the switch element group 104 with the switch element group 104 therebetween. Diodes belonging to the first diode group 106 and the second diode group 108 may be arranged so that the direction from the anode to the cathode (i.e., the diode direction) is the same. The number of diodes belonging to the first diode group 106 and the second diode group 108 can be determined according to the number of switch elements belonging to the switch element group 104. [ For example, the number of the diodes belonging to the first diode group 106 and the second diode group 108 may be the same as the number of the switch elements belonging to the switch element group 104.

The first capacitor group 110 may be disposed on one side of the switch element group 104 with respect to the center of the switch element group 104. [ In the drawing, the first capacitor group 110 is shown as being disposed on the upper side of the switch element group 104 with respect to the center of the switch element group 104. The first capacitor group 110 may be connected in parallel between the switch element group 104 and the first diode group 106.

The first capacitor group 110 may include a plurality of capacitors Ct1 to Ctn. The plurality of capacitors Ct1 to Ctn may be clamping capacitors, but are not limited thereto. The 1-1 capacitor Ct1 may be connected in parallel between the first switch element S1 and the 1-1 diode Dt1. For example, one end of the 1-1 capacitor Ct1 is connected to the cathode of the 1-1 diode Dt1, and the other end of the 1-1 capacitor Ct1 is connected to the emitter of the first switch element S1 Lt; / RTI &gt; The first-second capacitor Ct2 may be connected in parallel between the second switch element S2 and the first-second diode Dt2. For example, one end of the 1-2 capacitor Ct2 is connected to the cathode of the 1-2 diode Dt2, and the other end of the 1-2 capacitor Ct1 is connected to the emitter of the second switch element S2 Lt; / RTI &gt; Also, the first-n capacitor Ctn may be connected in parallel between the nth switch element Sn and the first-n diode Dtn. For example, one side of the first-n capacitor Ctn is connected to the cathode of the first-n diode Dtn, the other side of the first-n capacitor Ctn is connected to the emitter of the nth switch element Sn, Lt; / RTI &gt;

The second capacitor group 112 may be disposed on the other side of the switch element group 104 with respect to the center of the switch element group 104. [ In the drawing, the second capacitor group 112 is shown as being disposed below the switch element group 104 with respect to the center of the switch element group 104. [ The second capacitor group 112 may be connected in parallel between the switch element group 104 and the second diode group 108.

The second capacitor group 112 may include a plurality of capacitors Cb1 to Cbn. The plurality of capacitors Cb1 to Cbn may be clamping capacitors, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The 2-1st capacitor Cb1 may be connected in parallel between the nth switch element Sn and the 2-1th diode Db1. For example, one end of the second-1 capacitor Cb1 is connected to the collector of the nth switch element Sn, and the other end of the second-1 capacitor Cb1 is connected to the anode of the second-1 diode Db1. Can be connected. The 2-2 capacitor Cb2 may be connected in parallel between the (n-1) th switch element S (n-1) and the 2-2 diode Db2. For example, one side of the second-2 capacitor Cb2 is connected to the collector of the (n-1) th switching element S (n-1), the other side of the second- -2 &lt; / RTI &gt; diode Db2. Also, the second-n capacitor Cbn may be connected in parallel between the first switch element S1 and the second-n diode Dbn. For example, one end of the second-n capacitor Cbn is connected to the collector of the first switch element S1, and the other end of the second-n capacitor Cbn is connected to the anode of the second-n diode Dbn Can be connected.

In this manner, the first capacitor group 110 and the second capacitor group 112 can be arranged symmetrically with the switch element group 104 therebetween. Specifically, the first capacitor group 110 and the second capacitor group 112 may be disposed symmetrically with respect to the center of the switch element group 104. The switch element group 104 is shared by the first capacitor group 110 and the second capacitor group 112. [ Thus, the DC-DC converter 100 can achieve a high voltage gain. The number of capacitors belonging to the first capacitor group 110 and the second capacitor group 112 can be determined according to the number of switch elements belonging to the switch element group 104. [ The number of the capacitors belonging to the first capacitor group 110 and the second capacitor group 112 may be the same as the number of the switch elements belonging to the switch element group 104. [

The output capacitor 114 may be connected in parallel with the first capacitor group 110 and the second capacitor group 112 at the output of the DC-DC converter 100. For example, one side of the output capacitor 114 may be coupled to the first-n capacitor Ctn and the other side of the output capacitor 114 may be coupled to the second-n capacitor Cbn, respectively. Also, the output capacitor 114 may be connected in parallel with the load.

The output inductor 116 may be connected in parallel with the first capacitor group 110 and the output capacitor 114 between the first capacitor group 110 and the output capacitor 114. The output inductor 116 is connected to the front end of the output capacitor 114, thereby reducing the ripple of the output current.

According to the exemplary embodiment, the first diode group 106 and the first capacitor group 110 and the second diode group 108 and the second capacitor group 112 are symmetrically arranged with the switch element group 104 therebetween, The entire circuit structure of the DC-DC converter 100 can be simplified, and the current and voltage stress of the power device can be reduced, so that a device having a small power-consumption capacity can be used. As a result, the DC- It is possible to lower the manufacturing cost of the battery 100. In addition, due to the simplified circuit structure, the capacity of the booster inductor 118 can be reduced, thereby achieving high power density and fast operation characteristics.

2 is a circuit diagram showing a four-level DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment. Here, a circuit diagram of a four-level step-up DC-DC converter is shown, and the same or similar method can be applied to various other multi-level DC-DC converters.

2, a DC-DC converter 200 includes an input DC power source 202, a switch element group 204, a first diode group 206, a second diode group 208, a first capacitor group 210 A second capacitor group 212, an output capacitor 214, an output inductor 216, and a booster inductor 218.

The DC-DC converter 200 may include a control circuit that is not shown, but is electrically connected to the switch element group 204 and controls the switch element group 204. In addition, the dc-to-dc converter 200 may include a computer readable storage medium, such as a processor and a memory accessible by the processor. The computer-readable storage medium may be internal or external to the processor, and may be coupled to the processor by any of a variety of well-known means. Computer-readable storage media may store computer-executable instructions. The instructions stored on the computer readable storage medium may cause the processor to perform operations in accordance with the illustrative embodiments, when executed by the processor.

The switch element group 204 may include a first switch element S1 to a third switch element S3. The first diode group 206 may include a 1-1 diode Dt1 to a 1-3 diode Dt3. The second diode group 208 may include the second-1 diodes Dbl to the second-third diodes Db3. The first capacitor group 210 may include a 1-1 capacitor Ct1 through a 1-3 capacitor Ct3. And the second capacitor group 212 may include the 2-1 capacitors Cb1 to the 2-3 capacitors Cb3.

Here, the voltage of the capacitor 1 to 3 when it is in the voltage Vct 3 (Ct3), the first-first capacitor (Ct1) and a voltage Vct 3/3, the first-second capacitor (Ct2) of the 2Vct 3 / 3. Then, the voltage of the capacitor 2 to 3 when the said voltage Vcb 3 (Cb3), the second-first capacitor (Cb1) voltage becomes the Vcb 3/3, the second-second capacitor (Cb2) is a 2Vcb 3 / 3. Claim 1-3 voltage Vcb 3 of the voltage Vct 3 and a capacitor 2-3 (Cb3) of the capacitor (Ct3) may be the same. Since the connection relation of each element is the same as that described in FIG. 1, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The operation of the DC-DC converter 200 will be described in detail below.

3A to 3H are circuit diagrams showing switching modes of a four-level DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment. Since the first to third switching elements S1 to S3 operate independently, the DC-DC converter 200 includes eight switching modes. The first to third switch elements S1 to S3 may have a phase difference of 120 DEG with respect to each other.

Specifically, FIG. 3A shows a switching mode in which the first switch element S1 is turned on and the second switch element S2 and the third switch element S3 are turned off (hereinafter referred to as a "first switching mode" ). 3B shows a switching mode in which the second switch element S2 is turned on and the first switch element S1 and the third switch element S3 are turned off (hereinafter referred to as a "second switching mode") Respectively. 3C shows a switching mode in which the third switch element S3 is turned on and the first switch element S1 and the second switch element S2 are turned off (hereinafter referred to as a "third switching mode") Respectively. FIG. 3D shows a switching mode (hereinafter referred to as "fourth switching mode") in which all the first to third switching elements S1 to S3 are turned off. 3E shows a switching mode in which the first switching device S1 and the second switching device S2 are turned on and the third switching device S3 is turned off (hereinafter referred to as a "fifth switching mode") Respectively. 3F shows a switching mode (hereinafter, referred to as "sixth switching mode") in which the first switching device S1 and the third switching device S3 are turned on and the second switching device S2 is turned off Respectively. 3G shows a switching mode (hereinafter, referred to as "seventh switching mode") in which the second switching device S2 and the third switching device S3 are turned on and the first switching device S1 is turned off Respectively. 3H shows a switching mode (hereinafter referred to as "eighth switching mode") in which all the first to third switching elements S1 to S3 are turned on.

Here, when the duty cycle (D) is defined as a ratio of a period during which the switching device is ON during one switching cycle, the DC-DC converter 200 generates a duty cycle D (3) operation regions. Here, the voltage v P represents the voltage to the switch element group 204. [

Operating area Number of switching modes Duty cycle (D) The voltage v p In the first operating region I, 6 0 <D <1/3 2Vct 3/3 ~ Vct 3 The second operation region (II) 6 1/3 <D <2/3 Vct 3/3 ~ 2Vct 3/ 3 The third operation region (III) 6 2/3 <D <1 0 ~ Vct 3/3

4A is a graph showing the switch operation state, current, and voltage state according to the first operation region. The first operating region I shows the case where the duty cycle D is 0 &lt; D &lt; 1/3.

Referring to FIG. 4A, the DC-DC converter 200 includes a first switching mode I, a fourth switching mode IV, and a second switching mode II during one switching cycle in the first operation region I, - the fourth switching mode (IV) - the third switching mode (III) - the fourth switching mode (IV). Voltage of the switching element group (204) v P can have alternately 2Vct 3/3 and Vct 3 value according to the switching mode is changed.

Specifically, in the first switching mode I in which only the first switch S1 is turned on, the first-first capacitor Ct1 is discharged, while the second-second capacitor Cb2 is charged, is a voltage v is P have the 2Vct 3/3 value (see Fig. 3a). In the fourth switching mode (IV) in which the first switch (S1) to the third switch (S3) are all turned off, the first diode group (206) and the second diode group (208), so that the voltage v P has a value of Vct 3 (see Fig. 3d). As described above, in the first switching mode (I), the second switching mode (II) and the third switching mode (III) in which only one of the switches of the first switch (S1) P has full 2Vct 3/3 value. Then, in the fourth switching mode (IV) in which the first switch (S1) to the third switch (S3) are all turned off, the voltage v P has a value of Vct 3 .

That is, the voltage v P of the switch element group 204 is changed from the first switching mode (I) to the fourth switching mode (IV) to the second switching mode (II) to the fourth switching mode (IV) to the third switching mode ⅲ) - 4, depending on the switched-mode change to the order of switching mode (ⅳ), is periodically switched between 2Vct 3/3 and the value Vct 3, one will have the three switching operation frequency for a single switching cycle. Similarly, the current i Lb of the boost inverter 218 also changes with three switching operating frequencies during one switching cycle.

In the first operation region I, the first-first capacitor Ct1, the first-second capacitor Ct2, the second-first capacitor Cb1, and the second-second capacitor Cb2 are turned on in one switching cycle Charge and discharge are performed with the same duty period. Specifically, the 1-1 capacitor Ct1 is discharged in the first switching mode I, which is the first switching mode, and is charged in the second switching mode II, which is the third switching mode. The second-1 capacitor Cb1 is charged in the second switching mode II, which is the third switching mode, and discharged in the third switching mode III, which is the fifth switching mode. The first-second capacitor Ct2 is discharged in the second switching mode II, which is the third switching mode, and is charged in the third switching mode III, which is the fifth switching mode. The second-second capacitor Cb2 is charged in the first switching mode I, which is the first switching mode, and discharged in the second switching mode II, which is the third switching mode.

And FIG. 4B is a graph showing the switch operation state, current, and voltage state according to the second operation region. The second operating region II shows the case where the duty cycle D is 1/3 <D <2/3.

Referring to FIG. 4B, the DC-DC converter 200 operates in a sixth switching mode (VI) -first switching mode (I) -fifth switching mode (V) during one switching cycle in the second operation region (II) - the second switching mode (II) - the seventh switching mode (VII) - the third switching mode (III). Voltage v P of the switching element group 204 in accordance with the switching mode is continued Vct 3/3 and 2Vct 3/3 You can have alternate values.

Specifically, in the sixth switching mode (VI) in which the first switch S1 and the third switch S2 are turned on and the second switch S2 is turned off, the first-capacitor Ct1 and the second- first capacitor (Cb1) is the discharge (discharge), the first-second capacitor (Ct2) and the second-second capacitor (Cb2), whereas the voltage v P is filled (charge) will have a Vct 3/3 value (Fig. 3f). In the first switching mode I in which only the first switch S1 is turned on, the first-first capacitor Ct1 is discharged, while the second-second capacitor Cb2 is charged the voltage v P will have a 2Vct 3/3 value (see Fig. 3a).

In this manner, the fifth switching mode (V), the sixth switching mode (VI), and the seventh switching mode (V) in which two of the first to third switches (S1 to S3) mode voltage at the (ⅶ) v P will have a Vct 3/3 value. Then, the first voltage on the switch (S1) to the third switch a first switching mode (I), a second switching mode (Ⅱ), and a third switching mode (Ⅲ) that turns on only one switch of the (S3) v P It will have a 2Vct 3/3 value. That is, the voltage v P of the switch element group 204 is changed from the sixth switching mode (VI) to the first switching mode (I) to the fifth switching mode (V) to the second switching mode (II) to the seventh switching mode ⅶ) - in accordance with the mode switching in the order of the third switching mode (ⅲ) varies, Vct 3/3 and 2Vct 3/3 Values are periodically switched.

In the second operation region II, the first-first capacitor Ct1, the first-second capacitor Ct2, the second-first capacitor Cb1, and the second-second capacitor Cb2 are turned on in one switching cycle Charge and discharge are performed with the same duty period. As shown in FIG. 4B, in the case of the second operation region II, the first-second capacitor Ct1, the first-second capacitor Ct2, the second-first capacitor Cb1, (Cb2) has a duty period twice that of the first operation region (I) and is charged and discharged.

4C is a graph showing the switch operation state, current, and voltage state according to the third operation region. The third operating region III shows the case where the duty cycle D is 2/3 &lt; D &lt; 1.

Referring to FIG. 4C, the DC-DC converter 200 operates in the eighth switching mode VIII through the sixth switching mode VI through the eighth switching mode VIII during one switching cycle in the third operating region III, - the fifth switching mode (V) - the eighth switching mode (VIII) - the seventh switching mode (VII). Voltage v P of the switching element group 204 is 0 and Vct in accordance with the switching mode change 3/3 You can have alternate values.

Specifically, in the eighth switching mode VIII in which all of the first switch S1 to the third switch S3 are turned on, no current flows through the first diode group 206 and the second diode group 208 , And the voltage v P has a value of zero (see FIG. 3H). Then, in the sixth switching mode (VI) in which the first switch S1 and the third switch S2 are turned on and the second switch S2 is turned off, the 1-1 capacitor Ct1 and the 2-1 capacitor (Cb1), while the discharge (discharge), the first-second capacitor (Ct2) and the second-second capacitor (Cb2) is charged (charge) voltage v is the P have a Vct 3/3 value (Figure 3f Reference).

In this manner, the voltage v P has a value of 0 in the eighth switching mode VIII in which all of the first switch S1 to the third switch S3 are turned on. The fifth switching mode V, the sixth switching mode VI, and the seventh switching mode V2 in which two of the first to third switches S3 to S3 are turned on and the other switch is turned off, voltage v in P (ⅶ) will have a Vct 3/3 value. That is, the voltage v P of the switch element group 204 is changed from the eighth switching mode (VIII) to the sixth switching mode (VI) to the eighth switching mode (VIII) to the fifth switching mode (V) to the eighth switching mode ⅷ) - in accordance with a switching mode change in the order of 7, the switching mode (ⅶ), 0 and Vct 3/3 Values are periodically switched.

The first-first capacitor Ct1, the first-second capacitor Ct2, the second-first capacitor Cb1, and the second-second capacitor Cb2 are connected in series in the third operation region III, The first switch S1 to the third switch S3 are turned on and the other switch is turned off.

On the other hand, in order to obtain the voltage gain of the dc-to-dc converter 200, the inductor voltage-time equilibrium principle (for the 1/3 period of the switching cycle with respect to the booster inverter 218 and the output inductor 216) second balance can be applied.

Equation 1 is an equation for applying the inductor voltage-time balancing principle to the boost inverter (Lb) 218 for 1/3 period of the switching cycle.

Figure 112015048959498-pat00002

Equation 2 is an equation for applying the inductor voltage-time balancing principle to the output inductor (Lout) 216 for 1/3 period of the switching cycle.

Figure 112015048959498-pat00003

By substituting Equation 1 into Equation 2, the voltage gain of the DC-DC converter 200 can be obtained. The voltage gain of the DC-DC converter 200 can be expressed by Equation (3).

Figure 112015048959498-pat00004

It can be seen from Equation (3) that the voltage gain of the DC-DC converter 200 according to the exemplary embodiment is higher than the voltage gain of a general DC-DC converter 1 / (1-D). For example, when the duty cycle D is 0.75, in the case of a general dc-dc converter, the voltage gain is 1 / (1-0.75) = 4 while the dc-dc converter 200 according to the exemplary embodiment, Is higher than (1 + 0.75) / (1-0.75) = 7.

In addition, the input current ripple according to the inductor current change in each operation region can be expressed by Equation (4). Here, fs is the switching frequency.

Figure 112015048959498-pat00005

According to Equation (4), it can be seen that the DC-DC converter 200 according to the exemplary embodiment reduces the input current ripple due to a factor of 1 / (1 + D).

Table 2 compares the voltage and current stresses of a 4-level DC-DC converter and a typical 4-level DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment.

Voltage ratio of power device Current ratio of switch element Current ratio of diode The proposed converter Vo / 3 (1 + D) 2DI Lb / (1 + D) (1-D) DI Lb / (1 + D) Typical Converter Vo / 3 DI Lb (1-D) DI Lb

Referring to Table 2, it can be seen that voltage stress and current stress are less than a typical 4-level DC-DC converter due to a factor of 1 / (1 + D) for a four level DC- .

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, I will understand. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments, but should be determined by equivalents to the appended claims, as well as the appended claims.

100: DC-DC converter
102: Input DC power source
104: Switch element group
106: first diode group
108: second diode group
110: first capacitor group
112: second capacitor group
114: Output capacitor
116: Output inductor
118: Booster inductor

Claims (18)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete A switch element group including a first switch element to a third switch element connected in series;
A first diode group including a first-first diode to a first-third diode connected in series, the first-first diode being connected to the first switch element;
A second diode group including a second-first diode to a second-third diode connected in series, the second-1 diode being connected to the third switch element;
And the first to third capacitors are connected to the first to third diodes and the first to third diodes and the first to third capacitors, respectively, A first capacitor group connected in parallel between the switch elements; And
And the second-1 capacitor to the second-third capacitor are respectively connected to the second-1 to second-third diode and the first to third And a second group of capacitors connected in parallel between the switch elements,
DC converter having a voltage gain according to Equation (1): &quot; (1) &quot;
(1)
Figure 112016061088138-pat00020

Where D is the duty cycle value of the DC-DC converter, Vo is the output voltage of the DC-DC converter, and Vs is the input voltage of the DC-DC converter.
The method of claim 11,
Wherein the switch element group is sequentially connected in series from the first switch element to the third switch element,
The first diode group is serially connected in series from the 1-1 diode to the 1-3 diodes,
The second diode group is serially connected in series from the second-1 to the second-third diodes,
Wherein the first-1 diode is connected to the first switch element, and the second-1 diode is connected to the third switch element.
The method of claim 12,
Wherein the first 1-1 capacitor and the 1-3 capacitor are connected between the first 1-1 diode and the first 1-3 diode and between the first 1-1 diode and the third switch element, The first to third diodes, and the first to third switching elements in series.
14. The method of claim 13,
And the second-1 capacitor to the second-third capacitor are connected between the second-1 diode to the second-third diode and the third switch element to the first switch element, The second to the third diode, and the third switch element to the first switch element sequentially in parallel.
The method of claim 11,
The DC-DC converter includes:
An output capacitor connected in parallel with the first capacitor group and the second capacitor group; And
Further comprising an output inductor connected between one end of the first-third capacitor and one end of the output capacitor, respectively, between the first capacitor group and the output capacitor.
The method of claim 11,
The DC-DC converter includes a first operating region to a third operating region during a switching cycle based on a duty cycle (D)
The first operation area, 0 <D <1/3, and the voltage (P v) of the switching element groups are periodically switched between 2Vc 3/3 and the value Vc 3,
The second operating region, 1/3 <D <2/3 voltage, and the switching element group (P v) is Vc 3/3 and 2Vc 3/3 Values are periodically switched,
Said third operating region, 2/3 <D <1, and the voltage, the switching element group (P v) is zero and Vc 3/3 DC converter that is periodically switched between values.
Here, Vc 3 is a voltage applied to the first-third capacitor or the second-third capacitor.
delete A DC-DC converter according to any one of claims 11 to 16;
A DC power source connected to an input terminal of the DC-DC converter; And
And a load connected to the output of the DC-DC converter.










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