KR101685691B1 - System and control device for hyperbaric oxygen therapy preventing barotrauma - Google Patents
System and control device for hyperbaric oxygen therapy preventing barotrauma Download PDFInfo
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- KR101685691B1 KR101685691B1 KR1020150137006A KR20150137006A KR101685691B1 KR 101685691 B1 KR101685691 B1 KR 101685691B1 KR 1020150137006 A KR1020150137006 A KR 1020150137006A KR 20150137006 A KR20150137006 A KR 20150137006A KR 101685691 B1 KR101685691 B1 KR 101685691B1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G10/00—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes
- A61G10/02—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes with artificial climate; with means to maintain a desired pressure, e.g. for germ-free rooms
- A61G10/023—Rooms for the treatment of patients at over- or under-pressure or at a variable pressure
- A61G10/026—Rooms for the treatment of patients at over- or under-pressure or at a variable pressure for hyperbaric oxygen therapy
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Abstract
Description
The present invention relates to controlling a high pressure oxygen therapy system. More particularly, to a high-pressure oxygen therapy system and a control apparatus for preventing trauma.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a treatment that creates an environment of higher pressure than atmospheric pressure, allowing the patient to ingest a high concentration of oxygen to obtain soluble oxygen. This increases the oxygen concentration in the patient's body and improves hypoxia. Types of pressurized gas include oxygen, air, and mixed gas. The high pressure environment corresponds to a pressure of 2 to 3 atm or more. High-pressure oxygen therapy devices have been steadily being studied in the United States and Europe since it was first designed and designed by Henshaw in 1662 for medical research. The chamber of hyperbaric oxygen therapy may have a single or multiple chamber structure to treat one or more patients.
Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0561209 discloses a deep open-type high-pressure oxygen therapy device. The high-pressure oxygen therapy device includes a chamber in which airtightness is maintained when the patient enters and exits, oxygen and compressed air are injected into the chamber, a plurality of reinforcing members installed in the chamber in the longitudinal and lateral directions to house the patient, An oxygen supplying means for supplying oxygen, and a supporting member for supporting the bottom surface of the chamber. A patient accommodated in the chamber is stably accommodated by a plurality of reinforcing members, and oxygen is supplied to the inside of the chamber by oxygen supplying means to treat the patient's disease.
Barotrauma occurs frequently in the middle ear of a patient when performing hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Trauma is a phenomenon in which the equalization of the middle pressure and the middle pressure is broken as the pressure of the surrounding environment increases. This pressure equilibration is performed by opening or closing the Eustachian tube. If the external pressure of the middle ear is higher than the pressure inside the middle ear by more than about 90 mmHg (1200 dPa), the eustachian tube is not opened and pressure equalization is not performed.
The pressure difference between the inside and outside can be measured by a middle-sized test. A middle ear test is a test that measures the degree of acceptance and reflection of sound energy in the middle ear during the transmission of acoustic energy through the ear canal of the patient. Measure the degree of sound pressure to understand the sound pressure function of the middle ear. When a problem occurs in the middle ear, the pressure changes. It is possible to measure not only the state of health of the ear canal and the middle ear, but also the evisceration state by measuring the inner ear volume or the inner ear pressure. Examples are tympanometry, acoustic reflex test, and reflection fatigue test. However, it is disadvantageous in that it is bulky if a separate mechanism for supplying positive pressure and negative pressure is provided for the test of eardrum motility.
Thus, a high-pressure oxygen therapy system and a control device utilizing a pressure in a chamber are required so that a patient using a high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus does not suffer a trauma phenomenon directly by the pressure in the chamber.
The technical problem of the present invention is to control the high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus so that the patient does not suffer from trauma immediately.
Another object of the present invention is to control the high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus using the pressure in the chamber.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a control algorithm of a hyperbaric oxygen therapy apparatus for controlling pressure balance between a middle ear and an external ear of a patient through eardrum motility test.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control apparatus for a high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus for preventing trauma of a user in a chamber based on an eardrum motility test, comprising: a speaker for outputting a predetermined low-frequency sound; and a microphone for receiving a reflective wave. The apparatus also includes an MCU for estimating a difference value between the user's middle pressure and the internal pressure of the chamber based on the energy level of the reflected wave inputted to the microphone, . The apparatus also includes a Bluetooth transceiver for transmitting a signal to the hyperbaric oxygen therapy device to control the internal pressure of the chamber to prevent immediate trauma to the user based on the difference value.
According to the present invention, the eardrum mobility test can be performed without a separate pressurizer or pressure reducer, and the user of the high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus can be controlled not to experience the trauma phenomenon immediately.
According to the present invention, it is possible to perform an eardrum mobility test using a chamber internal pressure for a patient under treatment in a chamber, and there is no need for a device for supplying a positive pressure or a negative pressure. Especially, it is possible to miniaturize the high-pressure mobility test apparatus in a single-person chamber and construct a high-pressure oxygen treatment system using wireless communication.
According to the present invention, it is possible to grasp the pressure equilibrium state between the middle ear and the external ear of the patient, and pressurize or reduce the pressure oxygen therapy apparatus.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing a chamber for treatment of high-pressure oxygen according to the present invention. FIG.
Fig. 2 shows a diaphragm for sealing the partitioning chamber according to the present invention and a fastening part included in a side surface of the partitioning chamber.
3 shows an embodiment of a fastening part according to the present invention.
4 shows an example of a control system of a high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus according to the present invention.
5 is a block diagram showing an example of a high pressure oxygen therapy control system for preventing trauma according to the present invention.
6 is a diagram illustrating the movement of the eardrum with pressure changes for a user under high pressure oxygen therapy.
Fig. 7 shows an example of the result of performing eardrum mobility test according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows another example of the result of performing eardrum motility test according to the present invention.
9 is a diagram showing a region where a pressure difference can be estimated in the high pressure oxygen therapy apparatus according to the present invention.
10 is a block diagram showing another example of a control system for preventing trauma of a user in a chamber of a high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus according to the present invention.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Also, in order to clearly illustrate the present invention in the drawings, portions not related to the present invention are omitted, and the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components.
The objects and effects of the present invention can be understood or clarified naturally by the following description, and the objects and effects of the present invention are not limited only by the following description.
The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing a chamber for treatment of high-pressure oxygen according to the present invention. FIG.
1, a high pressure oxygen treatment chamber 1 is provided with an
The chamber 1 can be separated into a first divided chamber 10 (a) and a second divided chamber 10 (b) by a
Preferably, the plurality of
Each of the split chambers includes locking
103 (b) and 103 (c) are provided on the floor of the partitioning chamber so that the partitioning chambers 10 (a), 10 (b) and 10 May be provided.
In a preferred embodiment, the patient enters and exits the first divided chamber 10 (a) with the initial oxygen pressure set at 1 atm and closes the
As another preferred embodiment, the oxygen pressure of the first division chamber 10 (a) is 3 atm, the oxygen pressure of the second division chamber 10 (b) is 4 atm, the oxygen pressure of the
In the case of a patient requiring 4 atm of high-pressure oxygen treatment, the patient is moved to the second divided chamber 10 (b) through the
Fig. 2 shows a diaphragm for sealing the partitioning chamber according to the present invention and a fastening part included in a side surface of the partitioning chamber.
Referring to FIG. 2, the second partitioning chamber 10 (b) is sealed by diaphragm portions 70 (b), 80 (a) provided on both sides. 2, a fastening part 703 (b) is provided at one side of the second division chamber 10 (b), and a fastening part 703 (b) facing the fastening part 703 (b) Is provided at one side of the first partitioning chamber 10 (a). The coupling part 805 (b) opposed to the coupling part 805 (a) provided on the other side of the second division chamber 10 (b) is connected to one side of the
3 shows an embodiment of a fastening part according to the present invention. 3 (a) is a perspective view showing a state in which the chamber 1 (Fig. 1) is separated from the fastening portion 703 (Fig. 1) in a state of being separated into the first divided chamber 10 ). 3 (b) shows a state of the
3, the fastening portions 703 (a) and 805 (a) on one side of the split chamber include a plurality of
Hereinafter, a high-pressure oxygen treatment system and a high-pressure oxygen treatment control system according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 4 shows an example of a high-pressure oxygen therapy control system according to the present invention.
4, a
The sound transmitted from the speaker 410 has various characteristics. There is a friction which is caused by the friction of the osseous joint portion, the force of the air particles hitting the middle ear structure, the mechanical shape of the cochlear implant, and the like. The characteristics related to the frequency of the sound transmitted from the speaker 410 include stiffness and compliance which are correlated with flexibility such as eardrum, Besides, there is a characteristic related to the user's middle ear structure itself, but the mass determined by the weight and density of the heavy ear structure is very small, so it is relatively ineffective. If the mass is increased due to such reasons as thickening of the fluid in the middle and middle lobes, and high density of the middle ear cavity, interference of high frequency energy among the sound energy transmitted from the speaker 410 occurs.
If the rigidity increases due to imbalance of pressure inside and outside of the eardrum, stiffness of the ischial plate, movement of the ischial joint, movement of the inferior muscle, etc., obstruction of low frequency energy transfer occurs among the sound energy transmitted from the speaker 410. In particular, if the pressure inside and outside of the eardrum is unbalanced, the rigidity is unbalanced, which hinders low-frequency energy transmission. Conversely, judging whether or not there is a disturbance in the transmission of low-frequency energy, it is possible to measure the imbalance in the pressure inside and outside the eardrum. Based on the imbalance of the pressure inside and outside the measured membrane, the pressure inside the chamber is controlled to prevent direct trauma to the patient.
5 is a block diagram showing an example of a high pressure oxygen therapy control system for preventing trauma according to the present invention.
5, the
The
The
The high pressure oxygen therapy control system according to the present invention performs at least one of an eardrum motility test, an ossicular reflex test and a reflection fatigue test. Through the eardrum motility test, the system can predict the eardrum motion state, internal pressure of the middle ear, maximum acoustic resonance point, and evisceration plaque through eardrum volume and pressure information. Through the echocardiographic examination, this system shrinks the spinal cord through the reflex arch by providing a strong negative stimulus through the external auditory canal, and through the energy transferred from the middle ear to the inner ear, the auditory nerve, facial nerve, Can be diagnosed. Through the reflection fatigue test, the system continually presents sound that is larger than 10dB to measure the degree of change of the spinal reflex, and it is possible to diagnose the hearing loss.
The high-pressure mobility test is an acoustic immittance measurement, which measures the sound absorption rate of the eardrum. The difference between internal pressure and external pressure is estimated based on the eardrum. The state in which the admittance is maximized means that the inner pressure and the outer pressure are the same in a state in which the eardrum has the maximum absorption rate. Air is blown through the Eustachian tube to ensure the compressed air volume in the middle ear, thus achieving middle-pressure equilibrium. When a specific pressure point is reached, pressure equalization will be difficult to perform because the body can not fully adapt, even if the pressure balance of the outer and middle pressure is achieved. If the middle ear pressure balance is not achieved, the pressure will push the eardrum inward, reduce the volume in the air space of the middle ear, and fill the reduced space with blood, tissue fluid, edema of the middle ear endothelial cells, and the blood vessels can be destroyed. The present invention can be used not only for actual hyperbaric oxygen therapy but also for pressure balance damage of the diver.
6 is a diagram illustrating the movement of the eardrum with pressure changes for a user under high pressure oxygen therapy.
6 (a), when a positive pressure is presented to the eardrum, the eardrum is depressed toward the middle ear. Referring to FIG. 6 (b), when the sound pressure is presented to the eardrum, the eardrum expands toward the ear canal.
Fig. 7 shows an example of the result of performing eardrum mobility test according to the present invention. The vertical axis represents the amount of sound energy absorbed by the eardrum, and the horizontal axis represents the pressure exerted on the ear canal.
Referring to FIG. 7, SPL (Sound Pressure Level) represents the sound energy input to the probe when changing the pressure on the ear canal.
The point at which the emittance becomes maximum when the pressure applied to the probe is zero, which corresponds to the lowest SPL (lowest SPL, 710). This is the point at which the emittance is minimized when the pressure applied to the probe is 200 or -200 daPa and corresponds to the highest SPL (highest SPL, 720).
The elasticity of the eardrum indicates the ability to absorb sound, with the lowest elasticity at the point of maximum SPL (720), and the sound absorption of the eardrum is low. At this time, the eardrum is tightly tensed and the reflection becomes large. The pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the ear causes the ear to become dull and the sound can not be heard clearly.
At the minimum SPL (710), the eardrum has the highest elasticity (maximum compliance) and the sound absorption of the eardrum is high. This is the optimal environment for delivering sound energy. The tympanum is loosely relaxed, so there is less reflection and absorption is increased. When the pressure in the ear canal and the middle ear is equal (eg, equalization), the pressure and the external pressure are the same with respect to the eardrum.
In the present invention, the state of the eardrum (e.g., the pressure difference between the inner pressure of the middle ear and the outer pressure) is grasped by using the pressure value at the point of maximum compliance.
Fig. 8 shows another example of the result of performing eardrum motility test according to the present invention. The vertical axis represents the amount of sound energy absorbed by the eardrum, and the horizontal axis represents the pressure exerted on the ear canal.
Referring to FIG. 8, in the case of the type C (810), a maximum elasticity (812) appears at a point where the pressure applied to the ear canal is -100 da Pa or less. It may be in the case of otorrhea otitis media, which may interfere with movement of the exudative fluid in the middle ear cavity, and the eardrum may escape in the middle direction. It corresponds when the inner pressure of the middle ear is lower than the outer pressure.
In general, when the difference between the inner pressure and the outer pressure of the middle ear exceeds 400 daPa, the eardrum expands to its maximum and loses motility, the receptivity reaches the minimum, and the resistance reaches the maximum. If the difference between the inner pressure of the middle ear and the outer pressure is more than 200 daPa, the eardrum loses motility.
Therefore, if the difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the middle ear is less than 200 dPa and more than 400 dPa, it is impossible to quantitatively test the performance of the eardrum and only the magnitude of the internal pressure with respect to the external pressure can be grasped.
9 is a diagram showing a region where a pressure difference can be estimated in the high pressure oxygen therapy apparatus according to the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 9, the pressure difference can be estimated in a
10 is a block diagram showing another example of a control system for preventing barotrauma of a user in a chamber of a high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus according to the present invention.
10, the
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
For example, when the difference value estimated by the MCU exceeds a predetermined threshold value (e.g., a predetermined value of one of 2000 Pa to 4000 Pa), the
As another example, when the difference value estimated by the MCU corresponds to a range within a predetermined threshold value (e.g., a range in which the absolute value is less than or equal to a predetermined value from one of 2000Pa to 4000Pa), the Bluetooth transmitting / receiving
As another example, the Bluetooth transmission /
This high-pressure oxygen therapy control system can measure the pressure of the inner ear by measuring the eardrum with the probe inserted into the ear. Since we know the frequency of the output sound but the actual system can not guarantee the uniform output of the frequency, we analyze the output sound and the reflected sound together.
The high-pressure oxygen therapy control system described with reference to Figs. 4 to 10 can be applied to the high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus described in Figs. Whereby a high pressure oxygen therapy system can be implemented that transmits control signals to the high pressure oxygen chamber to the Bluetooth.
The high-pressure oxygen treatment system includes a chamber having a side surface and an inner space sealed to maintain a high-pressure oxygen state, at least one diaphragm portion provided in a chamber capable of separating the chamber into one or more closed spaces, A high pressure oxygen treatment chamber including an oxygen supply device which is installed in each of the at least one space to supply high pressure oxygen, and a probe tip mounted on the user's ear, a speaker for outputting a predetermined low frequency sound, A probe for receiving a reflected wave reflected from the eardrum, a probe for estimating a difference value between the user's middle pressure and an internal pressure of the chamber based on an energy level of a reflected wave inputted to the microphone, An MCU for determining a point at which the pressure difference equilibrium is equal to a pressure equilibrium state, So as to prevent a direct trauma to the character may be configured to include a Bluetooth transceiver for transmitting a signal for controlling the internal pressure of the chamber with the high-pressure oxygen treatment device.
Wherein the at least one enclosed space can selectively regulate the oxygen pressure and the chamber can be separated into a plurality of split chambers by a diaphragm, each of the split chambers having a fastening at a side, As the fastening portion of the chamber is engaged or disengaged, the partitioning chamber is coupled to the chamber or the chamber is separated into the partitioning chamber, and the partitioning portion may include an openable and closable opening.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Should be regarded as belonging to the above-mentioned patent claims.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventive concept as defined by the appended claims. But is not limited thereto.
In the above-described exemplary system, the methods are described on the basis of a flowchart as a series of steps or blocks, but the present invention is not limited to the order of the steps, and some steps may occur in different orders . It will also be understood by those skilled in the art that the steps shown in the flowchart are not exclusive and that other steps may be included or that one or more steps in the flowchart may be deleted without affecting the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
A speaker for outputting a predetermined low frequency sound and a microphone for receiving the low frequency sound reflected from the eardrum and a reflective wave;
Estimating a difference value between the middle pressure of the user and the internal pressure of the chamber based on the sound pressure level of the reflected wave inputted to the microphone and setting a point where the difference value is minimum to a pressure equalization state MCU; And
And a Bluetooth transmitting / receiving unit for transmitting a signal for controlling an internal pressure of the chamber to the high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus based on the difference to prevent direct trauma to the user.
Wherein the predetermined low frequency sound has a frequency of 220 to 660 Hz.
Wherein a point at which the energy level of the reflected wave inputted to the microphone becomes a maximum value is determined as a pressure balanced state.
A signal indicating that there is a trauma danger immediately to the high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus when the difference value exceeds a predetermined threshold value,
To the high-pressure oxygen therapy device that transmits a signal indicating that the pressure value equilibrium state if the difference value falls within a predetermined threshold value range,
And a control signal for increasing or decreasing the pressure of the high-pressure oxygen therapy device is transmitted to the high-pressure oxygen therapy device so that the difference value falls within a predetermined threshold value range.
A chamber having an inlet at its side, an interior of which is hermetically sealed to maintain a high-pressure oxygen state, at least one diaphragm provided in a chamber capable of separating the chamber into at least one enclosed space, A high pressure oxygen treatment chamber including an oxygen supply device installed to supply high pressure oxygen;
A speaker for outputting a predetermined low-frequency sound; and a microphone for receiving the reflected wave of the low-frequency sound reflected from the eardrum;
An MCU for estimating a difference value between the user's middle pressure and an internal pressure of the chamber based on an energy level of a reflected wave inputted to the microphone and determining a point where the difference value is a minimum value as a pressure balance state; And
And a Bluetooth transmitting / receiving unit for transmitting a signal for controlling the internal pressure of the chamber to the high-pressure oxygen therapy apparatus so as to prevent a direct trauma to the user based on the difference value,
The at least one enclosed space may optionally control the oxygen pressure,
The chamber may be separated into a plurality of split chambers by a diaphragm,
Wherein each of the partitioning chambers includes a coupling portion at a side thereof, and the partitioning chamber is coupled to the chamber or the chamber is separated into the partitioning chamber as the coupling portion of the opposing partitioning chamber is engaged or disengaged,
Wherein the diaphragm portion includes an openable / closable entry / exit port.
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KR101831814B1 (en) * | 2017-01-02 | 2018-02-23 | 연세대학교 원주산학협력단 | Apparatus and method for determing the pressure in chamber |
KR20190058162A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Air pressure adjusting apparatus and air pressure adjusting method of the air pressure adjusting apparatus |
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US11425509B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2022-08-23 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Atmospheric pressure adjustment apparatus and atmospheric pressure adjustment method of atmospheric pressure adjustment apparatus |
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