KR101679554B1 - Circularly polarized antenna for global positioning system - Google Patents

Circularly polarized antenna for global positioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101679554B1
KR101679554B1 KR1020150122308A KR20150122308A KR101679554B1 KR 101679554 B1 KR101679554 B1 KR 101679554B1 KR 1020150122308 A KR1020150122308 A KR 1020150122308A KR 20150122308 A KR20150122308 A KR 20150122308A KR 101679554 B1 KR101679554 B1 KR 101679554B1
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
transmission line
contact
gps
antenna
radiating element
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Application number
KR1020150122308A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
일나르 바타로브
김호용
Original Assignee
주식회사 에이스테크놀로지
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Priority to KR1020150122308A priority Critical patent/KR101679554B1/en
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Publication of KR101679554B1 publication Critical patent/KR101679554B1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H01Q21/205—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage

Abstract

A robust GPS circularly polarized antenna for a jamming signal is disclosed. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a radiating element; A first transmission line whose one end is connected to a first contact of the radiating element; An input connected to the other end of the first transmission line and configured to supply a signal; A second transmission line having one end connected to a second contact of the radiating element; And a termination part to which the other end of the first transmission line is connected, wherein the first transmission line and the second transmission line constitute a directional coupler having the input part, the first contact, the second contact and the termination part as ports A circular polarized wave antenna for GPS is provided. According to an aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the interval between the radiating elements to increase the null period, and thus to reduce the possibility of occurrence of a situation where the jamming signal is disturbed and can not perform the function.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a circular polarized antenna for GPS,

Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly, to a circular polarized antenna for GPS which is robust against a jamming signal.

A global positioning system (GPS) is a typical example of a satellite navigation system. GPS is a system in which a particular device with a GPS antenna capable of receiving a circular polarization signal receives signals transmitted from three or more satellites and calculates the position of the device based on the triangulation method. Currently, GPS includes 32 satellites.

GPS is currently being applied in a wide range of applications, from providing simple location information to automatic navigation and traffic control of aircraft, ships, and automobiles, preventing collision of ships, and precision measurement of large civil engineering works.

As GPS devices have been used in a wide variety of fields in various countries around the world, ranging from military facilities to smartphones carried by ordinary users, jammer devices designed to hinder the use of GPS have also been developed. A jammer can send a jamming signal of very strong intensity to the disturbed antenna so that the antenna can not correctly receive GPS satellite signals and thus lose GPS functionality.

As described above, when the GPS device is used in an aircraft or the like, if its function is lost, it is very important to minimize the influence of the jamming signal in the GPS antenna because it may cause a lot of human injury in the worst case. Therefore, there is a demand for an antenna that is robust against a jamming signal and can maintain high performance in a position tracking function using GPS as an original function.

One aspect of the present invention is to provide a circularly polarized antenna for GPS which is robust against jamming signals while minimizing the distance between the radiating elements, and can prevent deterioration in performance by maximizing the degree of isolation between radiating elements.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a radiating element; A first transmission line whose one end is connected to a first contact of the radiating element; An input connected to the other end of the first transmission line and configured to supply a signal; A second transmission line having one end connected to a second contact of the radiating element; And a termination part to which the other end of the first transmission line is connected, wherein the first transmission line and the second transmission line constitute a directional coupler having the input part, the first contact, the second contact and the termination part as ports A circular polarized wave antenna for GPS is provided.

At least one of the first transmission line and the second transmission line may be composed of two lines exchanging signals by coupling.

The second transmission line may include a strip providing the capacitance and a patch providing the inductance.

If the circular polarization antenna for GPS is operating in a dual band, the second transmission line may include two strips providing different capacitances and two patches providing different inductances.

In addition, when the circular polarization antenna for GPS operates in a dual band, the radiating element may comprise a first radiation patch and a second radiation patch which resonate in different bands.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a radiating element comprising: a radiating element; A first line whose one end is connected to a first contact of the radiating element; A second line having one end connected to the other end of the first line and capable of coupling, and the other end connected to an input unit configured to supply a signal; A third line having one end connected to a second contact of the radiating element and the other end located at a distance enabling coupling with one end of the second line; A second line, a third line, and a fourth line, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first line and the other end of the third line and the other end of which is connected to the termination unit, A circular polarized wave antenna for GPS is provided, which constitutes a directional coupler having an input unit, a first contact, a second contact, and a termination unit as ports.

The fourth line may include a strip providing capacitance and a patch providing an inductance.

If the circular polarized antenna for GPS operates in a dual band, the fourth line may include two strips providing different capacitances and two patches providing different inductances.

In addition, the circular polarization antenna for GPS may operate in a dual band, and the radiating element may comprise a first radiation patch and a second radiation patch that resonate in different bands.

According to an aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the interval between the radiating elements to increase the null period, and thus to reduce the possibility of occurrence of a situation where the jamming signal is disturbed and can not perform the function. In particular, it is possible to provide a circularly polarized antenna for GPS which is robust against jamming signals and can prevent performance degradation by maximizing the degree of isolation between radiating elements.

1 is a plan view schematically showing a radiating element of a circular polarized wave antenna for GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a directional coupler applied to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a plan view schematically showing a part of a first transmission line and a second transmission line of a GPS circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a plan view schematically showing a part of a second transmission line of a GPS circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a plan view of a circularly polarized antenna for GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a plan view of a circularly polarized antenna for GPS according to another embodiment of the present invention.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. Like reference numerals are used for like elements in describing each drawing.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a plan view schematically showing a radiating element 100 of a circular polarized wave antenna for GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the radiating element 100 may be formed with a first contact 110 and a second contact 120, to which a first transmission line 210 and a second transmission line 220 are connected, respectively .

The radiating element 100 may be made of a conductive material and mounted on the substrate 50. The circularly polarized antenna for GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention may be designed to operate in a dual band, in which case the radiating element 100 includes a first radiation patch 150 and a second radiation patch 170 may be superimposed on each other. Although not shown, the first radiation patch 150 and the second radiation patch 170 are electrically separated from each other. For example, a dielectric may be provided between the first radiation patch 150 and the second radiation patch 170 .

The GPS antenna according to one embodiment of the present invention is a circularly polarized antenna, and the radiating element 100 of the antenna is configured to radiate an electromagnetic wave signal having a circularly polarized wave. A signal having a phase difference of 90 degrees (or a phase difference of lambda / 4) is supplied to the radiating element 100 so that the electromagnetic wave signal has a circular polarization. A signal having such a phase quadrature is applied to the first contact 110 and the 2 contact 120 to the radiating element 100.

Here, the first contact 110 and the second contact 120 constitute a port of a directional coupler together with an input unit 230 configured to supply a signal and a predetermined termination unit 240.

2 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a directional coupler applied to an embodiment of the present invention. The directional coupler has four ports. The first port P1 is a port to which a signal is applied as an input port. The third port P3 is a port through which a part of the signal supplied to the first port P1 is transmitted as a coupling port. The second port P2 is a port through which the remaining part of the signals supplied from the first port P1 as the transmission port is transmitted except for the signal transmitted to the third port P3. The fourth port P4 is an isolation port, and a termination such as a matching load is usually disposed.

Of course, in a directional coupler, the nature of each port varies depending on which port the first supplied signal is applied to, and can be implemented differently depending on the situation.

3 is a plan view schematically showing a part of a first transmission line 210 and a second transmission line 220 of a circular polarized wave antenna for GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The first transmission line 210 may have one end connected to the first contact 110 of the radiating element 100 and the other end connected to the input unit 230. The second transmission line 220 may have one end connected to the second contact 120 of the radiating element 100 and the other end connected to the termination 240.

On the other hand, the first transmission line 210 may be composed of two lines, i.e., a first line 214 and a second line 218, which exchange signals by coupling, and the second transmission line 220 And two lines for exchanging signals by coupling, that is, a third line 224 and a fourth line 228. Of course, in other embodiments not shown, the first transmission line 210 and the second transmission line 220 may each be implemented as a single member.

Referring again to FIG. 2, in the case of configuring a directional coupler with two transmission lines, one transmission line connects the first port P1 and the second port P2, and the other transmission line connects the third port The signal of the first port P1 can be transmitted to the third port P3 by coupling between the first port P3 and the fourth port P4 and coupling between the two transmission lines.

3, the input unit 230 corresponds to the first port P1 and the first contact 110 and the second contact 120 correspond to the second port P2 and the third port P1. P3, and the termination unit 240 corresponds to the fourth port P4.

When a signal is supplied from the input unit 230, the signal is transmitted to the first line 214 by coupling at the second line 218 to reach the first contact 110, and the signal of the input unit 230 A signal having a phase difference of 90 degrees (or? / 4) from the signal reaching the first contact 110 may be transmitted to the third line 224 by coupling to reach the second contact 120. A signal having a phase difference of 90 degrees is radiated from the radiating element 100 to transmit an electromagnetic wave signal having circularly polarized waves. In order to achieve this effect, the desired signal among the input signals is coupled to the first transmission line 210 and the second transmission line 220, respectively, or to the first line 214 and the third line 224, The lines 214, 218, 224, and 228 may be designed.

Conversely, a signal received at the radiating element 100 may be transmitted to the input unit 230 through the first contact 110 and the second contact 120. In particular, undesired signals in the radiating element 100, such as signals radiated from adjacent other radiating elements, may be applied to the termination 240 by a directional coupler. This can help eliminate noise received at the antenna and increase the degree of isolation between the radiating elements 100 when multiple radiating elements 100 are used.

4 is a plan view schematically showing a part of a second transmission line 120 of a GPS circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 may be a fourth line 228 included in the second transmission line 120 and may include one or more strips 410 and 420 and one or more patches 510 and 520. [

The fourth line 228 forming the terminal portion of the second transmission line 120 may be connected to the termination 240 and may include one or more of the strips and one or more of the patches described above before being connected to the termination 240. can do. Here, each strip 410, 420 may serve as a capacitive element providing capacitance, and each patch 510, 520 may serve as an inductive element providing inductance.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which two strips 410 and 420 and two patches 510 and 520 are included in the fourth line 228. As described above, the circularly polarized antenna for GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention can operate in a dual band, and correspondingly, two capacitive elements and two inductive elements can be included.

By providing a capacitive element and an inductive element prior to the termination of the directional coupler, some of the signals other than the desired signal can be reflected back out from the termination stage and radiated to the outside. With this arrangement, if other radiating elements are adjacent to the radiating element 100 coupled by coupling with the fourth line 228, interference that may be caused by adjacent radiating elements is eliminated, High isolation can be provided.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a circular polarized wave antenna for GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of a circular polarized wave antenna for GPS according to another embodiment of the present invention.

5 and 6 show a circularly polarized antenna for GPS which collectively includes the components described above with reference to Figs. 1 to 4. Fig.

A typical GPS antenna is a circularly polarized antenna, which is an omnidirectional antenna, which can receive signals in all directions. Since the receiver receives signals in all directions sensitively, when an unwanted jamming signal is received at the jammer device, the omnidirectional antenna receives it sensitively and is unable to discriminate the actually required signal.

One way to reduce the influence of the jamming signal is to make the reception pattern of the GPS antenna contain a lot of nulls. The null interval means the direction in which the antenna does not receive a signal in the reception pattern of the GPS antenna. That is, when a jamming signal is transmitted in a direction included in a null interval of the antenna, the antenna does not receive the jamming signal and will not be disturbed by the jamming signal. The greater the number of null intervals of the antenna, the higher the probability that it will not be disturbed by the jamming signal.

In case of GPS, relatively many satellites are used so that desired signals can be obtained from the antenna in many directions. Even if signals are received from only three satellites, positioning can be performed by triangulation method. There is no big problem in function.

On the other hand, when a plurality of radiating elements 100 are used in an antenna, even if each radiating element 100 has an omni-directional radiation characteristic, if the radiating elements 100 are arranged at very small intervals, ) Is made smaller than? / 4, the overall radiation characteristic of the antenna changes and the null section is increased. The size and number of the null sections of the radiation pattern of the antenna may differ depending on the number of the radiating elements 100 used.

However, as the spacing between the radiating elements 100 becomes smaller, interference between adjacent radiating elements 100 occurs, which degrades the overall performance of the antenna. It is therefore necessary to increase the degree of isolation between the radiating elements 100 to prevent performance degradation.

FIG. 5 illustrates a circularly polarized antenna for GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein an antenna including four radiating elements 100 is depicted. The four radiating elements 100 are arranged at small intervals, so that there are many null intervals in the radiation pattern. The greater the number of null intervals, the lower the likelihood of being affected by the jamming signal, providing a robust antenna for surrounding interference or malicious attacks. In addition, in order to prevent interference between the radiating elements 100 arranged at small intervals, the circularly polarized antenna for GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention uses the features described with reference to Figs. 3 and 4, 100 can be increased.

The first transmission line 210 formed of the first line 214 and the second line 218 and the second transmission line 210 formed of the third line 224 and the fourth line 228, The line 220 may constitute a directional coupler having four ports as the first contact 110, the second contact 120, the input unit 230, and the termination unit 240.

In particular, by providing one or more strips 410, 420 and one or more patches 510, 520 prior to termination 240, wherein capacitance and inductance are set according to the radiation characteristics of adjacent radiating elements 100, So that the signal can be reflected and emitted again. Each of the radiating elements 100 is re-emitted without absorbing the signals of the adjacent radiating elements 100, so that interference between adjacent radiating elements can be reduced.

The circularly polarized antenna for GPS shown in Fig. 6 includes fifteen radiating elements and includes a larger number of radiating elements than the antenna shown in Fig. The number of the radiating elements 100 included in the GPS circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention will affect the size and number of null sections existing in the radiation pattern.

According to the embodiments of the present invention described above, it is possible to obtain a robust GPS circular polarization antenna for a jamming signal by reducing the space between the radiating elements. It is possible to maximize the degree of isolation between the radiating elements through the structure of the directional coupler and the strips and patches (capacitive elements and inductive elements) provided in the termination end thereof, even if the spacing between the radiating elements in the antenna is reduced, Performance degradation due to interference can be prevented.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments, such as specific elements, and specific embodiments and drawings. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above- Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described, and all of the equivalents or equivalents of the claims, as well as the following claims, belong to the scope of the present invention .

Claims (9)

Radiating element;
A first transmission line having one end connected to a first contact of the radiating element;
An input connected to the other end of the first transmission line and configured to supply a signal;
A second transmission line having one end connected to a second contact of the radiating element; And
And a terminating unit to which the other end of the second transmission line is connected,
Wherein the first transmission line and the second transmission line constitute a directional coupler having the input unit, the first contact, the second contact, and the termination unit as ports,
Wherein the second transmission line comprises two strips providing different capacitances and two patches providing different inductances.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein at least one of the first transmission line and the second transmission line comprises two lines for exchanging signals by coupling.


delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the GPS circularly polarized antenna operates in a dual band and the radiating elements comprise a first radiation patch and a second radiation patch that resonate in different bands.

delete delete delete delete
KR1020150122308A 2015-08-31 2015-08-31 Circularly polarized antenna for global positioning system KR101679554B1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101972786B1 (en) 2018-02-26 2019-04-30 넵코어스 주식회사 Active gps antenna apparatus and system capable of self environment test
KR101972787B1 (en) 2018-02-26 2019-04-30 넵코어스 주식회사 Active gps antenna apparatus for coupler loss compensation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101972786B1 (en) 2018-02-26 2019-04-30 넵코어스 주식회사 Active gps antenna apparatus and system capable of self environment test
KR101972787B1 (en) 2018-02-26 2019-04-30 넵코어스 주식회사 Active gps antenna apparatus for coupler loss compensation

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