KR101678766B1 - Apparatus and Method for Measuring Moisture Content of Pellet - Google Patents

Apparatus and Method for Measuring Moisture Content of Pellet Download PDF

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KR101678766B1
KR101678766B1 KR1020150019985A KR20150019985A KR101678766B1 KR 101678766 B1 KR101678766 B1 KR 101678766B1 KR 1020150019985 A KR1020150019985 A KR 1020150019985A KR 20150019985 A KR20150019985 A KR 20150019985A KR 101678766 B1 KR101678766 B1 KR 101678766B1
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pellet
histogram
water content
image
unit
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KR1020150019985A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20160097761A (en
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이동훈
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충북대학교 산학협력단
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/27—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection ; circuits for computing concentration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses an apparatus and a method for measuring the pellet water content. There is provided an apparatus for measuring pellet water content by irradiating light according to one aspect of the present invention and receiving photographed image data from an image acquiring unit for photographing enlarged pellets irradiated with the light, A calculating unit for calculating a histogram of the frequency of brightness in at least one image frame using the histogram; And an operation unit for calculating a water content of the pellet using the histogram.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for measuring the pellet water content,

The present invention relates to a pellet raw material management technique, and more particularly, to an apparatus and a method for measuring the water content of a pellet raw material capable of measuring the water content of the pellet raw material.

Until now, the main fuel for energy is petroleum, which is a fossil fuel, but the amount of oil is limited and it is highly dependent on foreign countries. Therefore, alternative energy sources such as solar energy, wind power, tidal power, and biomass fuel are being developed to replace petroleum.

Of these, pellet raw materials utilizing livestock manure, agricultural byproducts, and non-edible crops are in a practical use because they are a renewable resource, have less air pollution, and can be self-sufficient by region.

As an example, pellet boilers using pellet raw materials are in sale and in use. It is very important to control the water content of the pellets because the performance of the equipment using such pellet resources depends on the water content of the pellet raw material (moisture content).

Conventional methods for measuring the moisture content of pellets include an electric storage method and an oven drying method. However, this method takes a long time and it is impossible to directly measure a sample obtained from the field.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for measuring the moisture content of pellets, which can measure the water content of the pellet raw material.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

There is provided an apparatus for measuring pellet water content by irradiating light according to one aspect of the present invention and receiving photographed image data from an image acquiring unit for photographing enlarged pellets irradiated with the light, A calculating unit for calculating a histogram of the frequency of brightness in at least one image frame using the histogram; And an operation unit for calculating a water content of the pellet using the histogram.

A method for irradiating light according to another aspect of the present invention and measuring the pellet water content by receiving photographed image data from an image acquiring unit for photographing the pellet irradiated with the light, Calculating a histogram of the frequency of brightness in at least one image frame using the histogram; And calculating a water content of the pellet using the histogram.

According to the present invention, the moisture content of the pellet raw material can be measured.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for measuring pellet water content according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
2A to 2C are views showing an image capturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a view showing a water content meter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view for explaining the principle of an apparatus for measuring pellet water content according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a flow chart illustrating a method for measuring pellet moisture content according to an embodiment of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention and methods for accomplishing the same will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Is provided to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the present specification, the singular form includes plural forms unless otherwise specified in the specification. As used herein, the terms " comprises, " and / or "comprising" refer to the presence or absence of one or more other components, steps, operations, and / Or additions.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an apparatus for measuring pellet water content according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2A to 2C are views showing an image capturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the principle of the pellet water content measuring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, an apparatus 10 for measuring pellet water content according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an image acquirer 110 and a water content meter 120. 1, an apparatus 10 for measuring the pellet water content according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the image capturing apparatus 110. However, And may not include the acquisition unit 110. [

The image acquiring unit 110 irradiates light, expands the pellet irradiated with the light by the objective lens, enlarges the image, and digitizes the pellet to generate an image frame. The image frame is converted into the first interface photographing image data And transmits it to the first interface.

Here, the first interface may be a wired interface such as USB or IEEE994, or may be a wireless interface such as Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. Hereinafter, a case where the first interface is a USB interface will be described as an example. In this case, the image acquirer 110 may be a portable microscope having the standard shown in Table 1 below.

Figure 112015013907404-pat00001

2A to 2C, the image acquiring unit 110 includes a magnification adjusting unit 111, an objective lens 112, a photographing unit 113, a plurality of LEDs 114, a converting unit 115, a USB interface unit 116 A main body 117, and a holder 118. [ Hereinafter, each section of the image obtaining device 110 will be described with reference to FIG.

The plurality of LEDs 114 emit light uniformly toward the front of the photographing area of the photographing section 113. For example, when the photographing area of the photographing unit 113 is circular, as shown in FIG. 2C, the plurality of LEDs 114 may be arranged in a circular shape at a predetermined interval.

The photographing section 113 photographs pellets enlarged by the objective lens 112 as a CCD camera, for example, and digitally processes the pellets to generate image frames.

The magnification adjusting unit 111 may adjust the magnification of the objective lens 112 and the objective lens 112 may magnify the subject by the magnification adjusted by the magnification adjusting unit 111. [

The conversion unit 115 converts the image frame into photographing image data, which is data for USB interface, and transmits the photographing image data to the water content meter 120 connected to the USB interface unit 116.

The main body 117 includes an objective lens 112, a photographing section 113, a plurality of LEDs 114 and a conversion section 115 therein and is fixed by a holder 118.

The holder 118 fixes the main body 117 so that the photographing unit 113 enlarges the surface of the pellet at a predetermined magnification and photographs it.

On the other hand, it is preferable that the pellet in the photographing area is pressed with a glass plate or the like so as not to be influenced by the ambient illuminance and the density of the pellet itself or the like so that the pellet is shaded in the image frame.

1, the water content meter 120 includes a conversion unit 121, a calculation unit 122, a storage unit 125, an operation unit 123, and a display unit 124. As described above, the water content meter 120 may be the pellet water content measuring apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The converting unit 121 converts the photographed image data received from the image obtaining unit 110 through the USB interface into an image frame that can be interpreted by the calculating unit 122. [

The calculation unit 122 calculates a histogram of the frequency of brightness in at least one image frame using the image frame. In other words, the calculating unit 122 can check the number of pixels for a plurality of lightness sections for at least one image frame, and calculate and display a histogram therefor. Here, the horizontal axis of the histogram may be a plurality of lightness sections, and the vertical axis of the histogram may be a number of pixels having a brightness value corresponding to each lightness section in an image frame.

Here, the calculating unit 122 may calculate a histogram of the power of each brightness by averaging the power of brightness of a predetermined number of image frames.

At this time, a plurality of image frames may be acquired by the user using the image acquirer 110 while photographing the pellet fuel while changing the pellet fuel. Alternatively, the plurality of image frames may be photographed while varying the magnification of the image acquirer 110. [ Thus, in the present invention, it is possible to reduce the influence of environmental influences on the measured moisture content, the influence by the reflection direction of light, the influence by the enlargement magnification, and the influence by the deviation by the pellet material.

Hereinafter, the relationship between the moisture content and the lightness of the pellet raw material will be described with reference to FIG.

4, when the water content of the pellets is low, the surface formed by the moisture between the pellet particles and the pellet particles has a concave shape. Therefore, the light irradiated by the image capturing unit 110 is reflected at an angle of about 90 degrees by the concave water surface, and does not greatly affect the photographing area of the photographing unit 113. [

On the other hand, when the water content of the pellet is high, as shown in the bottom view of FIG. 4, the surface formed by the moisture between the pellet particles and the pellet particles is convex, so that the light irradiated by the image acquirer 110 is reflected by the convex water surface The light is reflected in a direction nearly in the reverse direction of the incident light, and the photographing area of the photographing section 113 can be illuminated.

As described above, since the irradiated light when the water content of the pellet is high influences the photographing region as compared with the case where the water content of the pellet is low, the brightness of the photographed image becomes closer to 255 as the moisture content is increased, Can be close to zero. In the present invention, the water content of the pellets can be measured using this principle.

The operation unit 123 can calculate the water content of the pellet using the peak value of the brightness histogram of the image frame. In particular, the operation unit 123 may calculate the water content of the pellet by comparing at least one of the position and the peak value of the peak of a section of the entire section of the histogram with a preset reference value.

For example, when the lightness and darkness of the histogram is in the range of 0 to 255, the operation unit 123 may calculate the water content of the pellet by comparing the peak value of the histogram with respect to the value of 166 to 255, have. If the calculation unit 123 calculates the moisture content of the pellet using only the peak value of a part of the lightness of the histogram, it is needless to say that the reference value also uses only the peak value of a part of the lightness and darkness in the histogram of the image frame in which the sample is photographed.

The storage unit 125 may be a memory for storing predetermined reference values. Here, the preset reference value may be determined using the peak value of the light and dark histogram calculated using the pellet sample whose pellet water content is known. For example, a light and dark histogram of nine pellet samples in 10% increments between 10% and 100% of water content can be calculated, and a peak value for each water content can be calculated and determined as a reference value for water content measurement. At this time, the user may store the reference value determined using the test sample in the storage unit 125, and use the reference value as a reference for calculating the pellet water content.

The calculating unit 123 and the calculating unit 122 described above may be a microprocessor provided in the user PC and driven according to the execution of the pellet moisture content measuring program. That is, the user using the pellet can easily measure the pellet water content by installing a program for measuring the pellet water content into his or her computer and photographing the image of the pellet material by the image capturing device 110.

The display unit 124 can display the water content of the pellets calculated by the calculation unit 123 as a display such as an LCD.

In the above example, the calculation unit 123 calculates the pellet water content by using the peak value of the histogram. Alternatively, the operation unit 123 may calculate the water content of the pellet using the average value and the distribution of light and shade in at least one image frame.

As described above, the embodiment of the present invention can provide a low-cost pellet moisture content measuring device, so that a user who uses or provides the pellet raw material directly can measure the water content of the pellet raw material in real time.

In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can replace expensive laser equipment and contribute to cost reduction of the pellet boiler.

Further, the embodiment of the present invention can be a stepping stone of equipment for measuring the water content of the pulverized material of the porous material such as pellets.

Hereinafter, a method for measuring the pellet water content according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the pellet water content according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, the water content meter 120 reconstructs the USB data received from the image acquirer 110 through the USB interface into photographed image data (S510).

The water content meter 120 calculates a histogram of the frequency of lightness in at least one image frame using the photographed image data (S520). Here, the water content meter 120 may average at least a predetermined number of image frames to calculate a histogram of the frequency of brightness.

The water content meter 120 calculates the water content of the pellet by comparing the peak value of the histogram with a preset reference value (S530).

Here, the preset reference value may be determined using the peak value of the light and dark histogram calculated using the pellet sample whose pellet water content is known. For example, a light and dark histogram of nine pellet samples in 10% increments between 10% and 100% of water content can be calculated, and a peak value for each water content can be calculated and determined as a reference value for water content measurement.

In addition, the moisture meter 120 may compare at least one of the peak position and the peak value of the histogram of the pixel having the light intensity value of 166 to 255, among the lightness and darkness values of the entire lightness section of the histogram, The water content can be calculated.

As described above, the embodiment of the present invention can provide a low-cost pellet moisture content measuring device, so that a user who uses or provides the pellet raw material directly can measure the water content of the pellet raw material in real time.

In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can replace expensive laser equipment and contribute to cost reduction of the pellet boiler.

Further, the embodiment of the present invention can be a stepping stone of equipment for measuring the water content of the pulverized material of the porous material such as pellets.

While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, Of course, this is possible. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments, but should be determined by the description of the following claims.

Claims (9)

An image acquiring unit for irradiating light and photographing the pellet irradiated with the light; And
A calculation unit for calculating a histogram of frequency of lightness in at least one image frame using the photographed image data from the image capturing unit and an operation unit for calculating a water content of the pellet using the histogram A water content meter,
The image acquiring device includes:
An objective lens; A plurality of light sources arranged at a first interval from the periphery of the objective lens and spaced apart from each other by a second interval along the periphery of the objective lens and irradiating light evenly in the photographing direction; And a photographing unit photographing the surface of the pellet irradiated with the light by the plurality of light sources through the objective lens in the photographing direction. The apparatus according to claim 1,
And calculates the histogram representing the number of pixels of the plurality of lightness sections in the at least one image frame. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the image acquiring unit further comprises a magnification adjusting unit for adjusting magnification of the objective lens,
Wherein the calculation unit calculates the histogram by adjusting the magnification of the objective lens and using an average value of the degrees of brightness of a plurality of image frames enlarged and photographed at different magnifications. The image processing apparatus according to claim 3,
Wherein a water content of the pellet is calculated by comparing at least one of a peak position and a peak value of a predetermined section of the histogram with a preset reference value. The apparatus according to claim 1,
And compares the average value of the histogram with a predetermined reference value to calculate a water content of the pellet. The water content meter according to claim 1,
Further comprising a conversion unit for converting the first interface data provided through the first interface from the image acquisition unit into the image frame that can be analyzed by the calculation unit and providing the image frame to the calculation unit. An objective lens; A plurality of light sources arranged at a first interval from the periphery of the objective lens and spaced apart from each other by a second interval along the periphery of the objective lens and irradiating light evenly in the photographing direction; And a photographing unit that photographs the surface of the pellet irradiated with the light by the plurality of light sources through the objective lens in the photographing direction, and measures the pellet water content by receiving photographed image data,
Calculating a histogram of the frequency of lightness in at least one image frame using the photographed image data from the image acquirer; And
Calculating a moisture content of the pellet using the histogram
Wherein the pellet moisture content is measured by the method. 8. The method of claim 7,
And calculating a water content of the pellet by comparing a peak position of the histogram with a preset reference value. 8. The method according to claim 7,
Calculating the histogram by adjusting the magnification of the objective lens and using an average value of the degrees of brightness of a plurality of image frames enlarged and photographed at different magnifications;
Wherein the pellet moisture content is measured by a differential scanning calorimeter.
KR1020150019985A 2015-02-10 2015-02-10 Apparatus and Method for Measuring Moisture Content of Pellet KR101678766B1 (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014025719A (en) * 2012-07-24 2014-02-06 Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering Co Ltd Moisture content measuring system

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JP3214943B2 (en) * 1993-02-25 2001-10-02 三菱原子燃料株式会社 Pellet edge inspection method
JPH08136467A (en) * 1994-11-09 1996-05-31 Kurabo Ind Ltd Defect inspection method and apparatus therefor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014025719A (en) * 2012-07-24 2014-02-06 Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering Co Ltd Moisture content measuring system

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Title
거대억새활용 물류비 절감을 위한 현장 전처리 기술 개발 (농촌진흥청 최종보고서) 2014.02.

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