KR101674140B1 - Broadband circularly polarized antenna using embedded structure - Google Patents
Broadband circularly polarized antenna using embedded structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101674140B1 KR101674140B1 KR1020150124417A KR20150124417A KR101674140B1 KR 101674140 B1 KR101674140 B1 KR 101674140B1 KR 1020150124417 A KR1020150124417 A KR 1020150124417A KR 20150124417 A KR20150124417 A KR 20150124417A KR 101674140 B1 KR101674140 B1 KR 101674140B1
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- slot
- patch
- microstrip line
- length
- embedded structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0485—Dielectric resonator antennas
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Abstract
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE
An antenna is a wire installed in the air for efficiently radiating electromagnetic waves to a space in order to achieve a communication purpose in wireless communication or for efficiently inducing an electromotive force by radio waves and for transmitting or receiving an electromagnetic wave to / to be.
On the other hand, circular polarization is widely used in the field of modern communication systems because it is resistant to a communication environment where propagation disturbance and polarization distortion in space are concerned, and can mitigate multipath fading.
The microstrip patch antenna is used as one of the structures of the antenna for circular polarization, and it is used in various communication fields because of its small size, light weight and thin characteristics, and easy production and mass production.
However, since a microstrip patch antenna has a short impedance bandwidth of about 1 to 2%, it is difficult to implement a broadband circularly polarized antenna using a microstrip patch antenna.
Currently, much research has been carried out to improve the axial ratio bandwidth. For this purpose, conventionally, a lamination method, a parasitic element addition method, or a dual feed method has been used. However, these methods increase the size of the antenna, It is accompanied by disadvantages of becoming complicated.
Therefore, it is necessary to study a circularly polarized antenna that can realize a wideband circular polarization characteristic by using a simple power feeding method.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0008] In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a broadband circular polarization antenna using an embedded structure including a fastron fractal shape slot and a speedron fractal shape patch In the future.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure including a dielectric substrate, a ground plane formed on an upper surface of the dielectric substrate, a slot formed in the ground plane, A feeder line formed on a lower surface of the dielectric substrate and serving as a feeder line, and a patch of a speedron fractal shape located in the slot.
The feed line may include a first microstrip line having a constant width and a second microstrip line extending from the first microstrip line to increase the width of the feed line according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
The speedron fractal shape according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed by successively connecting right triangles having the same size of the first interior angle and a constant reduction ratio.
The speedron fractal shape according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the first right-angled triangle to the nth right-angled triangle are sequentially combined.
In addition, the first internal angle of the slot according to an embodiment of the present invention is 30 to 33 degrees.
Further, the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that a slit is additionally formed in a hypotenuse of a second right-angled triangle forming the slot.
In addition, the patch according to an embodiment of the present invention is located within the slot with a predetermined horizontal gap and a vertical gap based on the height and the base of the first right triangle forming the slot.
Also, the length of the horizontal gap according to an embodiment of the present invention may be determined by the size of the first internal angle of the slot, the size of the first internal angle of the patch, the height of the first right triangle forming the slot, The height of the first right triangle to be formed and the vertical interval between the slot and the patch are fixed variables and the length of the horizontal interval is set as a variable to determine the value when the frequency bandwidth showing the circular polarization characteristic is maximum .
Also, the first internal angle of the slot according to an embodiment of the present invention is 33 degrees, and the ratio of the length of the horizontal interval to the length of the vertical interval is 3 / 0.5 to 7 / 0.5.
At this time, the ratio is most preferably 5 / 0.5.
The present invention can realize a wideband circularly polarized antenna without using a multilayer substrate or a complex power feeding structure.
1 is a view for explaining a shape of a speedron fractal applied in the present invention.
2 is a plan view of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a side view of a broadband circular polarization antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of a comparison between a fast circular fractal slot antenna according to a comparative example, a broadband circular polarized antenna using a slitless embedded structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and an embedded structure having a slit according to the second embodiment of the
5A is a top view of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure manufactured based on the numerical values in Table 1. FIG.
5B is a bottom view of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure manufactured based on the numerical values in Table 1.
6 is a graph showing simulation results for comparing reflection coefficient characteristics of each antenna shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing simulation results for comparing the axial ratio characteristics of the respective antennas shown in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing simulation results for expressing reflection coefficient characteristics according to a first internal angle of a Speedron fractal slot of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing simulation results for illustrating the axial ratio characteristics according to the first internal angle of the speedrone fractal slot of the broadband circularly polarized antenna using the embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing simulation results for expressing reflection coefficient characteristics according to lengths of a space between a slot and a patch of a speedrone fractal shape of a broadband circular polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a graph showing a simulation result for showing the axial ratio characteristics according to the lengthwise interval between the slot and the patch of the speedron fractal shape of the broadband circularly polarized antenna using the embedded structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a graph comparing simulation results and measurement results of a reflection coefficient of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
13 is a graph comparing simulation results and measured results of the axial ratio and gain of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating a simulation result of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention at 3.6 GHz and a radiation pattern according to measurement results. FIG.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in order to facilitate a person skilled in the art to easily carry out the technical idea of the present invention. . In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same or similar components throughout the drawings. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 is a view for explaining a shape of a speedron fractal applied in the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a fractal structure is a structure in which a certain unit shape is repeatedly bent repeatedly infinitely, and the fractal structure has properties of self-similarity and recursiveness.
On the other hand, a spidron is a geometrical structure in which isosceles triangles are mutually alternately joined to each other. In the antenna of the present invention, as shown in
Here, a right triangle shown in
The first
In order to form the speedrone fractal shape, a side constituting a part of the hypotenuse of the first right-
That is, the speedron fractal shape is formed by successively connecting right triangles having the same size of the first interior angle and a constant reduction ratio.
In the above-described manner, the speedrone fractal shape may be formed by sequentially combining the first right-angled triangle to the n-th right-angled triangle, and each right-angled triangle may have a reduced scale or a reduced length .
The speedrone fractal shape shown in
The speedron fractal shape shown in
As a result, it is preferable that the speedron fractal shape is formed so that the reduction ratio of the right triangle constituting the speedron fractal shape is constant, and the right triangle of the same shape is formed by repeatedly joining at least twice .
1, the first internal angle of the right triangle is 30 degrees and the second internal angle is 60 degrees. In this case, the reduction ratio of the connected right triangle satisfies
[Equation 1]
(Where P n is the height of the nth right triangle and P n +1 is the height of the (n + 1) th right triangle)
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side view of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to the drawings, a broadband circular polarized wave antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a
A feed line (25) for performing a function as a feed line may be formed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (24). The
Within the
The velocity fractal
A
The
The
In addition, an
Hereinafter, a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments of the present invention. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of a comparison between a fast circular fractal slot antenna according to a comparative example, a broadband circular polarized antenna using a slitless embedded structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and an embedded structure having a slit according to the second embodiment of the
4 (a) has a structure in which a slot having a speedron fractal shape is formed on a ground plane, and a slit-less embedded structure according to the first embodiment of FIG. 4 (b) A wideband circularly polarized antenna using a slit-embedded structure according to the second embodiment of FIG. 4 (c) has a structure in which a patch of a speedron fractal shape is formed in a slot of a speedron fractal shape, b shows a structure in which a slit is formed in the antenna shown in Fig.
For each variable shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 and so on, for the fixed variable excluding some variable, the simulation was performed by applying the values in Table 1 above.
FIG. 5A is a photograph of a top view of a broadband circular polarized antenna using an embedded structure manufactured on the basis of the numerical values in Table 1, and FIG. 5B is a bottom view of a broadband circular polarized antenna using an embedded structure based on the values in Table 1. Here, the
FIG. 6 is a graph showing simulation results for comparing the reflection coefficient characteristics of the respective antennas shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a graph showing simulation results for comparing the axial ratio characteristics of the respective antennas shown in FIG.
In order to be able to operate as an antenna, it is preferable that the reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB, and when it exceeds -10 dB, the performance of the antenna is generally lowered. The antenna can be seen to exhibit circular polarization characteristics when the axial ratio is less than 3 dB in the frequency band where the reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB.
6 and 7, in a
FIG. 8 is a graph showing a simulation result for showing a reflection coefficient characteristic according to a first internal angle of a slot of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a graph showing a simulation result for representing an axial ratio characteristic according to a first internal angle of a slot of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an example.
As shown, the reflection coefficient and the axial ratio change as the size of the first internal angle alpha of the slotted fractal 100 shape changes. Specifically, the first internal angle alpha of the slotted fractal 100 changes, It can be seen that impedance matching is improved by balancing the capacitance value of the
It was confirmed that the frequency bandwidth exhibiting the circular polarized wave characteristic is the largest when the size of the first internal angle alpha of the slotted
FIG. 10 is a graph showing a simulation result for showing reflection coefficient characteristics according to a length of a horizontal gap between a slot and a patch of a speedrone fractal shape of a broadband circular polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 11 is a graph showing a simulation result to show the axial ratio characteristics according to the lengthwise interval between the slot and the patch of the speedrone fractal shape of the broadband circular polarized antenna using the embedded structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
As can be seen, as the length of the horizontal interval n 1 increases, the reflection coefficient bandwidth becomes narrower and the axial ratio characteristic also changes. It is known that when the length of the horizontal interval n 1 is 5 mm, It is confirmed that the frequency bandwidth indicated is the largest.
As described above, in order to exhibit the broadband circular polarization characteristic, the simulation is performed in such a manner that the side represented by h 1 of the first right triangle forming the
The length of the transverse space n 1 is determined by the size of the first internal angle of the
At this time, when the size of the first cabinet (α) of the
12 is a graph comparing simulation results and measurement results of a reflection coefficient of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the simulated reflection coefficient bandwidth of -10 dB or less is 2.47-4.10 GHz (49.62%), and the measurement result is 2.57-4.16 GHz (47.25%). As a result, Are significantly coincident with each other.
13 is a graph comparing simulation results and measurement results of the axial ratio and the gain of the broadband circularly polarized antenna using the embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The axial ratios and gains were simulated and measured in the + z axis direction (θ = 0 °) and the bandwidth representing the simulated axial ratio of less than 3 dB was 2.74-4.00 GHz (37.39%) as shown, Was 3.09-4.13 GHz (28.81%). The measured gain within the 3 dB or less axial bandwidth is 2.12 dBic to 3.56 dBic, which indicates that the measurement results and the simulation results are generally in agreement.
FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating a simulation result of a broadband circularly polarized antenna using an embedded structure according to an embodiment of the present invention at 3.6 GHz and a radiation pattern according to measurement results. FIG.
Referring to FIG. 14, it can be seen that the measurement results and the simulation results are substantially in agreement, and the broadband circularly polarized antenna using the embedded structure according to the embodiment of the present invention exhibits the directivity characteristic in the + z- It can be confirmed that the circular polarization characteristic is well realized when the difference between the left polarization (LHCP) and the postal wave (RHCP) measured in the axial direction is more than 20 dB.
As described above, an optimal embodiment has been disclosed in the drawings and specification. Although specific terms have been employed herein, they are used for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as defined in the claims or the claims. Therefore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and equivalent embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims.
10: first right triangle
21: Ground plane
23: SMA connector
24: dielectric substrate
25: feeder line
100: Slot
110: slit
200: Patch
Claims (10)
A ground plane formed on an upper surface of the dielectric substrate;
A slot having a speedron fractal shape formed on the ground plane;
A feeder line formed on a lower surface of the dielectric substrate and serving as a feeder line; And
A patch of a speedron fractal shape located in said slot,
Wherein the speedron fractal shape is formed by successively connecting right triangles having the same size of the first interior angle and having a constant reduction ratio, the first right triangle to the nth right triangle being sequentially connected,
Wherein the patch has a horizontal gap defined by a height of a first right-angled triangle forming the slot and a height of a first right-angled triangle forming the patch, the first right-angled triangle forming the slot And the base of the first right-angled triangle forming the patch is positioned within the slot so as to have a predetermined vertical interval.
The feed line includes a first microstrip line having a constant width;
And a second microstrip line extending from the first microstrip line and increasing in width. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first microstrip line extends in the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line extends in the first microstrip line.
And the first internal angle of the slot is 30 ° to 33 °.
And a slit formed at a hypotenuse of a second right triangle forming the slot. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > [10] < / RTI >
The length of the horizontal gap
The height of the first right triangle forming the patch, the height of the first right triangle forming the patch, and the vertical distance between the slot and the patch As a fixed variable,
Wherein the width of the horizontal gap is determined as a variable when the frequency bandwidth representing the circular polarization characteristic is the maximum.
The size of the first internal angle of the slot is 33 [deg.],
Wherein a ratio (n 1 / n 2 ) of the length (n 1 ) of the horizontal interval to the length (n 2 ) of the vertical interval is 3 / 0.5 to 7 / 0.5.
Wherein a ratio (n 1 / n 2 ) of the length (n 1 ) of the horizontal interval to the length (n 2 ) of the vertical interval is 5 / 0.5.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110190388A (en) * | 2019-05-26 | 2019-08-30 | 天津大学 | A kind of omnidirectional corner type microstrip gap broad-band antenna |
CN110880643A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-13 | 长安大学 | 24 GHz's car anticollision radar antenna |
KR102172736B1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-11-02 | 성균관대학교 산학협력단 | Broadband circularly polarized antenna using t-shaped slot |
CN117673733A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-03-08 | 电子科技大学 | Low-profile broadband circularly polarized antenna |
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KR20060096258A (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Ultra wide band antenna for filtering predetermined frequency band signal, and, ultra wide band signal receiving system therewith |
KR20090118188A (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-18 | 주식회사 케이티테크 | Micro strip patch antenna |
KR100944968B1 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2010-03-03 | 동국대학교 산학협력단 | Broadband circularly-polarized spidron fractal antenna |
KR100962930B1 (en) * | 2008-09-01 | 2010-06-10 | 강원대학교산학협력단 | Ultra-wide-band antenna having quarter-slot and method for manufacturing the same |
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2015
- 2015-09-02 KR KR1020150124417A patent/KR101674140B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR20060096258A (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Ultra wide band antenna for filtering predetermined frequency band signal, and, ultra wide band signal receiving system therewith |
KR20090118188A (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-18 | 주식회사 케이티테크 | Micro strip patch antenna |
KR100962930B1 (en) * | 2008-09-01 | 2010-06-10 | 강원대학교산학협력단 | Ultra-wide-band antenna having quarter-slot and method for manufacturing the same |
KR100944968B1 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2010-03-03 | 동국대학교 산학협력단 | Broadband circularly-polarized spidron fractal antenna |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110190388A (en) * | 2019-05-26 | 2019-08-30 | 天津大学 | A kind of omnidirectional corner type microstrip gap broad-band antenna |
CN110880643A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-13 | 长安大学 | 24 GHz's car anticollision radar antenna |
KR102172736B1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-11-02 | 성균관대학교 산학협력단 | Broadband circularly polarized antenna using t-shaped slot |
CN117673733A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-03-08 | 电子科技大学 | Low-profile broadband circularly polarized antenna |
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