KR101671635B1 - Method and system for selecting mobile relay based on dynamic programming in millimeter-wave broadband 5g network - Google Patents

Method and system for selecting mobile relay based on dynamic programming in millimeter-wave broadband 5g network Download PDF

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KR101671635B1
KR101671635B1 KR1020150082526A KR20150082526A KR101671635B1 KR 101671635 B1 KR101671635 B1 KR 101671635B1 KR 1020150082526 A KR1020150082526 A KR 1020150082526A KR 20150082526 A KR20150082526 A KR 20150082526A KR 101671635 B1 KR101671635 B1 KR 101671635B1
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node
selecting
relay
energy efficiency
relay node
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Korean (ko)
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최준균
김준산
전승현
박상돈
오현택
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한국과학기술원
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
    • H04W40/10—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources based on available power or energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2603—Arrangements for wireless physical layer control
    • H04B7/2606—Arrangements for base station coverage control, e.g. by using relays in tunnels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/20—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on geographic position or location
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and a system for selecting a mobile relay based on dynamic programming in a millimeter-wave broadband 5G network. The method for selecting a mobile relay in a millimeter-wave broadband 5G network includes the steps of: aligning each of user nodes existing in the millimeter-wave broadband 5G network based on a channel state; calculating proportional fairness of energy (E_PF) based on a data rate and power consumption received from each of the user nodes; and selecting a relay node from the user nodes based on the calculated proportional fairness of energy.

Description

[0001] METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MOBILE RELAY BASED ON DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING FOR MILLIMETER WAVE BROADBAND 5G NETWORK [0002] METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RELAY BASED ON DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING IN MILLIMETER-WAVE BROADBAND 5G NETWORK [

The present invention relates to a mobile relay selection method and system in which user nodes collaborate to relay signals in a millimeter wave network.

As the frequencies below 3 GHz reach saturation, millimeter wave bands in which there are many frequency resources that have not yet been utilized are attracting attention in order to cope with increasing traffic demand. The millimeter wave band is a 3 to 300 GHz band, and is a communication band to be used in the 5G mobile network.

The millimeter wave has a very high frequency band, so it has a strong linearity and low diffraction characteristics, so outage zones frequently occur in densely populated urban areas and in buildings with obstacles. As shaded areas become more numerous, users will receive unstable QoS (Quality of Service). That is, there is a problem that the quality of the communication service provided by users is unstable and low.

On the other hand, as wireless traffic explosively increases, the energy consumption of wireless networks is also rapidly increasing. Millimeter waves can transmit as many as bps, and energy consumption of millimeter wave networks will increase endlessly with increased bandwidth if not improved. In this way, millimeter wave networks coexist in two ways: improving energy efficiency and solving shaded area problems.

Accordingly, there is a need for a technique capable of solving the shadow area problem in the millimeter wave network while at the same time improving the energy efficiency.

A mobile relay selection method for selecting relay nodes considering both outage probability and energy efficiency of user nodes existing in a millimeter wave network and relaying signals to other nodes through selected relay nodes, System.

A method for mobile relay selection in a millimeter wave network, comprising: arranging each of the user nodes present in the millimeter wave network based on channel conditions; determining a data rate and a power consumption energy efficiency on the basis of the consumption) (Proportional Fairness of energy: E PF) for calculating, respectively, and may include the step of selecting a relay node (relay node) from among the user node based on the calculated energy efficiency have.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the step of selecting the relay node may include selecting a relay node based on the shading area probability indicating the number of nodes located in the shaded area among the user nodes and the energy efficiency of each node located in the coverage area, You can select a node.

According to another aspect, calculating each energy efficiency comprises: calculating a log function for a data rate received at each of the user nodes, calculating a sum of log functions of each user node, Calculating the energy efficiency based on the sum of the log function and the power consumption.

According to another aspect, the step of selecting a relay node may select a relay node among the user nodes based on dynamic programming.

According to another aspect, the step of selecting the relay node may select the relay node based on the energy efficiency of each node located in the outage zone with respect to the user nodes .

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of selecting the relay node may include the step of selecting one of the relay nodes based on the number of relayable nodes connected to each node, Node.

According to another aspect, the step of selecting the relay node may allocate a new communication link to the selected relay node as the node located in the shadow area is selected as the relay node.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of selecting the relay node may include selecting the relay node based on the energy efficiency of each node located in a coverage zone for the user nodes have.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of selecting the relay node comprises the steps of: selecting one of the nodes located in the communication coverage area as the relay node based on energy consumption of each node; .

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of selecting the relay node may include selecting the relay node based on the energy efficiency calculated considering the case where no additional relay node exists for the user nodes have.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of calculating the energy efficiency may further comprise the steps of: a case 1 in which the user nodes exist in the transliteration region, a case 1 in which the user nodes exist in the transliteration region, (Case 2) considering case 2 and case 3 considering case where there is no additional relay node can be calculated.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of selecting the relay node may select a user node corresponding to the maximum energy efficiency among the energy efficiencies calculated according to cases 1 to 3 as the relay node.

According to another aspect, the relay node may be a node that performs a single-hop relay with respect to user nodes existing in the millimeter wave network.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the relay node can relay signals to any one node at a time for user nodes existing in the millimeter wave network.

A mobile relay selection system in a millimeter wave network, comprising: a node arrangement for arranging each of user nodes existing in the millimeter wave network on the basis of channel conditions; of the energy efficiency of calculating a: (E PF Proportional Fairness of energy ) , each calculation unit, and the user node received at each data rate (data rate) and the power consumption (power consumption) by the energy efficiency of the user node based on And a relay node selector for selecting a relay node among the user nodes based on a shaded area probability indicating the number of nodes located in the shadowed area and energy efficiency of each node located in the communicable area .

According to embodiments of the present invention, by providing the mobile relay considering both the outage probability and the energy efficiency of the user nodes existing in the millimeter wave network, the shadow areas in the millimeter wave network Energy efficiency can be improved while reducing the probability.

1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a millimeter wave network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a mobile relay selection system in an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a flow chart illustrating a mobile relay selection method in one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a diagram provided to illustrate the relationship between power consumption and data rate and energy efficiency in one embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a diagram for explaining an operation of selecting a relay node based on dynamic programming in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an operation of selecting a shadow area node having a small number of relay nodes as a relay node according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an operation of selecting a node in a coverage area in which power consumption is minimized as a relay node, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a detailed flowchart for selecting a relay node based on a dynamic programming method in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating performance evaluation of energy efficiency and shadow area probabilities for the number of relay nodes in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiments can be applied to various relay communication fields that optimize both the shadow area and energy efficiency in a 5G network by using millimeter wave broadband. In particular, the mobile relay selection system can use the proportional fairness of the optimization theory to extend the energy efficiency of each of the user nodes in the millimeter wave network and to select the mobile relay based on dynamic programming.

In this specification, a 'relay' is a node that receives a signal from a user node having a base station or a relay function and transmits the signal to the next user node. The 'relay node' is a network device that transmits the signal to the next node . For example, the relay node may be any of the user nodes existing in the millimeter wave network, and may be a terminal having a mobile characteristic as the user carries and moves, such as a smart phone, a tablet, have.

In this specification, the 'user node' is a terminal having a mobile characteristic as a user carries and moves, such as a smart phone, a tablet, a notebook, etc., and is located in an outage zone An Outage Node (ON), and a Coverage Node (CN) located in a coverage zone. The communication area node may be classified into a relay node (RN) and a leaf node (LN) depending on whether the relay function is provided or not. For example, the relay node may represent a user node located in a coverage area having a relay function, and the end node may represent a user node located in a coverage area that does not have a relay function.

The embodiments of the present invention are described on the assumption that a user node performs a single-hop relay in consideration of the complexity of a millimeter-wave network. However, this embodiment corresponds to the embodiment, Can also be performed. 'Single-hop relay' may mean that a base station in a network or relaying a signal received from a relay node to the next node does not relay the relayed signal back to the next node.

The present embodiments will be described on the assumption that the transmission power of the relay node is limited to a predetermined reference power and that the relay node relays signals to only one node at a time due to the transmission power limitation. That is, it is assumed that a relay node transmits signals to only one node at a time without transmitting signals to a plurality of user nodes at the same time. For example, the reference power may be preset to 23 dBm (= 200 mW) and may be set to a value in accordance with the LTE standard, or a direction in which excessive battery consumption is prevented.

In this specification, the mobile relay selection system may be any one of user nodes constituting a millimeter wave network, and it is assumed that each user node can relay signals to each other.

1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a millimeter wave network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The millimeter wave network includes a base station (BS), a relay node (RN) located in a communication coverage area, a terminal node (LN) located in a communication coverage area, and a shadow area node (ON) .

The base station BS may be located at the center of the cell and establishes a communication link with the relay node RN located in the communication coverage area and transmits a signal to the relay node RN through the established communication link. (relay). The base station BS, the relay node RN, and the like can perform the relay connection procedure with the user node through the relay control channel (RCCH). For example, the relay procedure is described in "Z. Pi and F. Khan," Introduction to millimeter-wave mobile broadband systems, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 49, no. .

The relay node (RN), the end node (LN), and the shadow area node (ON) may represent user nodes classified according to whether they have a service state or a relay function.

In a millimeter wave network composed of user nodes with mobility, the energy efficiency can be calculated by the ratio between the data rate that each user is served and the power consumption of the base station and the relay node to supply it. For example, the energy efficiency can be calculated as shown in Equation 1 below.

Figure 112015056351516-pat00001

In equation (1), T = {T 1 , ... T N } denotes a set of data rates received at each user node, and P = {P 1 , ... P N } And may represent a set of power consumption at the user node.

According to Equation (1), energy efficiency is calculated by multiplying the sum (? T i ) of data rates received at each user node by the total user nodes forming the millimeter wave network by the power consumption of each user node Can be calculated by dividing by the sum ([Sigma] P i ).

At this time, the proportional fairness considering both the shaded area and the energy efficiency expansion in the millimeter wave network can be expressed as Equation 2 below.

Figure 112015056351516-pat00002

In Equation (2), u denotes a user utility expressed by U = {u 1 , u N }, and u i can represent a utility of user i. Proportional Fairness is based on the optimization theory, which is used to achieve a balanced performance when the two purposes of maximizing sum and fair distribution are competing, and maximizing the total utility (Equation 3) The equilibrium distribution is reduced (harms fairness) and the overall utility can be reduced when maximizing the fair distribution, as shown in Equation 4 below.

Figure 112015056351516-pat00003

Figure 112015056351516-pat00004

Hereinafter, an operation of expanding the standard energy efficiency based on the proportional process will be described in order to simultaneously consider the shaded area and the energy efficiency according to Equation (2) above with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a mobile relay selection system in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a mobile relay selection method in an embodiment of the present invention.

3, the mobile relay selection system 200 includes a node sorting unit 210, an energy efficiency calculation unit 220, and a relay node selection unit 230. The steps (301 to 303) (A node arrangement unit, an energy efficiency calculation unit, and a relay node selection unit).

In operation 301, the node sorting unit 210 may sort each user node based on the network topology information of each of the user nodes existing in the millimeter wave network. At this time, the node sorting unit 210 may sort user nodes in order of channel state based on channel quality information (CQI) included in the network topology information.

For example, the node arranging unit 210 may arrange nodes having relay functions for the nodes having the relay function among the user nodes in a good channel state.

In step 302, the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 may calculate the energy efficiency of each user node according to the sorted order. At this time, the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 can calculate the energy efficiency for each of case 1 (case 1) to case 3 (case 3) in order to consider both the shade area probability and the energy efficiency. The detailed operation for calculating the energy efficiency (E PF ) will be described later with reference to FIG.

In operation 303, the relay node selector 230 may select one of the user nodes as a relay node based on the calculated energy efficiency. For example, the relay node selector 230 can determine the maximum energy efficiency among the energy efficiencies calculated according to cases 1, 2, and 3. The relay node selector 230 may select a user node corresponding to the maximum energy efficiency as a relay node. Then, the selected relay node can forward the signal received from the base station or the previous relay node to the next node.

Figure 4 is a diagram provided to illustrate the relationship between power consumption and data rate and energy efficiency in one embodiment of the present invention.

4, when a signal is transmitted from the base station 401 to the user node 1 402, power consumption of 10 Mbps and 10 W occurs and when signals are transmitted to the user node 2 403, 10 Mbps, 14 W Power consumption may occur. At this time, the base station 401 can relay the signal to the user node 2 405 through the user node 1 404 without directly transmitting the signal to the user node 2 403. [ In this case, the base station 401 transmits data of 10 Mbps directly to the user node 2 403 in half, and transmits the data of 5 Mbps in half to the user node 1 404. Accordingly, from the base station 501 to the user node 1 404 And a power consumption of 1 W from user node 1 404 to user node 2 405 may occur. That is, the power consumption can be reduced from 10 W to 6 W while the data rate satisfies 5 Mbps.

As described above, the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 calculates the energy efficiency of each user node based on the data rate and power consumption received from each of the user nodes existing in the millimeter wave network. : E PF ) can be calculated. The data rate received at each user node used for relay node selection is expressed by Equation (5) below, and the power consumption can be expressed by Equation (6) below.

Figure 112015056351516-pat00005

In Equation (5), T i represents the data rate received at the ith user node (u i ) and T PF is a predefined function for relay node selection, which may represent the sum of the data rates received at each user node have.

Figure 112015056351516-pat00006

In Equation (6), P i represents the power consumption at the i-th user node (u i ), and P C is a predefined function for relay node selection, which can represent the sum of power consumption at each user node.

The energy efficiency calculation unit 220 can again express Equation (2) as shown in Equations (7) and (8) below in consideration of both the power consumption and the data rate.

Figure 112015056351516-pat00007

In Equation (7)

Figure 112015056351516-pat00008
(
Figure 112015056351516-pat00009
) Defines a set of all possible relay node choices given the following three conditions, n r is the number of relay nodes (RN)
Figure 112015056351516-pat00010
N o represents the number of relay nodes relaying to the shadow area node ON, and n c represents the number of relay nodes relaying to the communication coverage node CN. Equation (7) may be equivalent to expressing the maximum performance criterion when selecting a relay node.

Figure 112015056351516-pat00011

In Equation (8), wmax

Figure 112015056351516-pat00012
Wow
Figure 112015056351516-pat00013
Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > a < / RTI > optimal relay node.

Hereinafter, the proportional fairness of energy (E PF ) proposed in the present specification will be described with reference to Equation (9) below.

Figure 112015056351516-pat00014

In Equation 9, T i = {T 1 , ... T N } denotes a set of data rates received at each user node, and P i = {P 1 , ... P N } , And a set of power consumption at each user node (set).

According to Equation (9), the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 takes a log function at a data rate received at each of the user nodes existing in the millimeter wave network, and calculates a sum of each log function as the power consumption of each of the user nodes By dividing by the sum, the proportional process based energy efficiency (E PF ) can be calculated. That is, the relay node selector 230 can select the relay node considering both the shadow area probability indicating the number of nodes located in the shadow area and the energy efficiency of each node located in the communication coverage area among the user nodes .

As shown in Equation (9), the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 may calculate a log function for the data rate received at each of the user nodes. For example, by taking a logarithmic function at the data rate T i , the data rate of the shadow area node may increase slightly from zero, and the increase in data rate in the shadow area may be due to an increase in the overall data rate, It can contribute more to the shading area resolution. That is, the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 can obtain a low-shaded region probability as compared with the technique of maximizing only the standard energy efficiency by taking the log function.

5 is a diagram for explaining an operation of selecting a relay node based on dynamic programming in an embodiment of the present invention.

In Figure 5,

Figure 112015056351516-pat00015
Can be optimized at once using the dynamic programming method and the proposed dynamic programming method can select the user node having the maximum energy efficiency according to the predefined cases 1 to 3 as the relay node. At this time, the relay node can be selected until n r <N r while increasing n r = n r +1 from n r = 0. n r is the number of relay nodes, n o is the number of shadow area nodes, n c is the number of communication area nodes, and N r is the total number of relay nodes.

First, the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 can calculate the energy efficiency for each case starting from the energy efficiency (E PF [0, 0, 0]) in the case of no relay. E PF [n r , n o , n c ] has three recursive relations of smaller problems with the next relay node (n r +1 th ), and according to these three recursive relations, 3 in advance.

Case 1 (case 1):

Case 1 is a case where a shadow area node (ON) is considered, and a shadow node (n 0 +1 th ) as a next relay node (n r +1 th ) can be added as a new relay node. For example, the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 can calculate the energy efficiency according to Case 1 based on the following Equation (10).

Figure 112015056351516-pat00016

According to Equation (10), the shaded area node can acquire a new data rate and power consumption, and thus energy efficiency (E PF ) can also be newly calculated. Then, the relay node selector 230 compares the energy efficiency (E PF (case 1)) calculated according to Case 1 and the current energy efficiency E PF [n r +1, n o +1, n c ] , And a larger value of these can be selected as a new solution. That is, the relay node selector 230 can update the energy efficiency calculated according to Case 1 and the energy efficiency of the current energy efficiency to the current energy efficiency, and selects the (n + 1) th user node as the relay node .

According to Case 1, as a new communication link, i.e. a new bandwidth, is allocated to the shadow area node, other user nodes in the millimeter wave network may lose some of their bandwidth. Accordingly, the power consumption and the data rate may vary in the user node that has lost the bandwidth.

Case 2 (case 2):

Case 2 is a case in which a communication area node (CN) is considered, and a communication relay node (n c +1 th ) can be added as a new relay node as a next relay node (n r +1 th ). For example, the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 can calculate the energy efficiency according to Case 2 based on the following Equation (11).

Figure 112015056351516-pat00017

According to Equation (11), a direct link that is directly connected between the base station and the relay node is disconnected, and a new link through the relay node can be added. As in Case 1, the relay node selector 230 selects the energy efficiency (E PF (case 2)) and the current energy efficiency (E PF [n r +1, n o , n c +1] ), And selecting a larger value as a new solution, the n + 1th user node can be selected as a relay node by updating the energy efficiency with a larger value to the current energy efficiency.

Case 3 (case 3):

Case 3 is a case in which there is no additional relay node, and can be expressed by Equation (12) below.

Figure 112015056351516-pat00018

If there are no additional relay nodes as shown in equation (3), changes in the millimeter wave network may not result in changes related to data rate and power consumption. Accordingly, the relay node selector 230 compares the energy efficiency (E PF (case 3)) calculated in accordance with Case 3 and the current energy efficiency E PF [n r +1, n o , n c ] You can update your current energy efficiency with a larger value of these.

As described above, according to cases 1 to 3, the relay node can be selected variously according to whether the target is the shade area resolution or the energy efficiency expansion. For example, referring to FIG. 6, in case 1, the relay node selection unit 230 selects a shadow node having the smallest number of relay nodes among the shadow node (ON) located around the user node according to a heuristic technique The node can be selected as a relay node. Referring to FIG. 7, in case 2, the relay node selector 230 can select a coverage area node providing the maximum power consumption as a relay node according to a heuristic technique. That is, it is possible to select a node (CN) in which the energy consumption of the neighboring communicable area nodes (CN) is most reduced as a relay node.

As described above, an algorithm for selecting a node having the maximum energy efficiency based on dynamic programming as a relay node can be expressed as Equation (13) below.

Figure 112015056351516-pat00019

In Equation (13)

Figure 112015056351516-pat00020
Lt; / RTI &gt;

According to Equation (13), the energy efficiency at the user node for each of Case 1 to Case 3 is calculated, and the relay node selection unit 230 can select the user node corresponding to the calculated maximum energy efficiency as the relay node . That is, when Case 1 is the maximum, the shadow area node is selected as the relay node, and the probability of the transliteration area can be reduced. In case 2 is the maximum, the node located in the communication coverage area is selected as the relay node, Can be extended to standard energy efficiency of.

As described above, the algorithm for calculating proportional-process-based energy efficiency (E PF ) according to cases 1 to 3 and selecting the relay node according to the dynamic programming method based on the calculated energy efficiency uses the Bellman equation . That is, the algorithm for selecting the relay node based on the dynamic programming method may mean an algorithm for obtaining an approximate optimal solution rather than a perfect optimization solution.

8 is a detailed flowchart for selecting a relay node based on a dynamic programming method in an embodiment of the present invention.

8, the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 may initialize the number of relay nodes, the number of shadow area nodes, and the number of communication area nodes to zero (n r = 0, n o = 0, n c = 0). Then, the solution to the sub-problem can be calculated according to the dynamic programming method. At this time, the energy efficiency calculation unit 220 can calculate the energy efficiency (E PF ) for each of the cases 1 to 3 for one user node. Here, the energy efficiency (E PF ) can represent the proportional process-based energy efficiency described in Equation (9) proposed herein. The relay node selection unit 230 may compare whether the energy efficiency calculated for each case has a value larger than the current energy efficiency for each case, and update the current energy efficiency with energy efficiency having a large value. As described above, when energy efficiency is updated for each case, the relay node selection unit 230 can again determine which of the cases 1 to 3 has the largest updated energy efficiency. For example, when the case 1 is the largest, the relay node selector 230 can select the user node (the shadow area node, ON) used in the calculation of the current energy efficiency of the case 1 as the relay node. When the case 2 is the largest, the relay node selector 230 can select the user node (communication coverage area node, CN) used in the calculation of the current energy efficiency of the case 2 as the relay node. Thus, by selecting the translucent area node and the communicable area node as the relay node based on the case 1 and the case 2, the standard energy efficiency can be reduced and the probability of the shadow area can be reduced.

FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating performance evaluation of energy efficiency and shadow area probabilities for the number of relay nodes in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

In Fig. 9, the PEE relay represents the relay strategy proposed herein, which maximizes the proportional fairness of energy and considers shaded area and energy efficiency simultaneously. EE relays are used for selecting relay nodes only for energy efficiency (maximizing energy efficiency), and when OP relay selects relay nodes for shaded area resolution, W / O relay is used as a criterion for performance improvement evaluation, And a millimeter wave network without relays.

Referring to FIG. 9, it can be seen that the energy efficiency of the PEE relay is higher than that of the EE relay only considering the energy efficiency, and the probability of the shadow region of the PEE relay decreases after the OP relay considering only the shade region. That is, according to the mobile relay selection method and system proposed in the present invention, it is possible to reduce the probability of shaded area while providing energy efficiency equal to or greater than a certain value by selecting the relays considering the probability of shaded area and energy efficiency simultaneously. For example, the shadow area probability is reduced by about 28.6% and the energy efficiency is improved by 25.6% compared to a relay-less millimeter wave network. Accordingly, it can be seen that the present invention provides a balanced performance comparing with the conventional relay strategy that optimizes only either the shadow region probability or the energy efficiency.

The apparatus described above may be implemented as a hardware component, a software component, and / or a combination of hardware components and software components. For example, the apparatus and components described in the embodiments may be implemented within a computer system, such as, for example, a processor, a controller, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a field programmable array (FPA) A programmable logic unit (PLU), a microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions. The processing device may execute an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. The processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to execution of the software. For ease of understanding, the processing apparatus may be described as being used singly, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the processing apparatus may have a plurality of processing elements and / As shown in FIG. For example, the processing unit may comprise a plurality of processors or one processor and one controller. Other processing configurations are also possible, such as a parallel processor.

The software may include a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more of the foregoing, and may be configured to configure the processing device to operate as desired or to process it collectively or collectively Device can be commanded. The software and / or data may be in the form of any type of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage media, or device , Or may be permanently or temporarily embodied in a transmitted signal wave. The software may be distributed over a networked computer system and stored or executed in a distributed manner. The software and data may be stored on one or more computer readable recording media.

The method according to an embodiment may be implemented in the form of a program command that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions to be recorded on the medium may be those specially designed and configured for the embodiments or may be available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs; magnetic media such as floppy disks; Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. For example, it is to be understood that the techniques described may be performed in a different order than the described methods, and / or that components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, Lt; / RTI &gt; or equivalents, even if it is replaced or replaced.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (15)

1. A method for mobile relay selection in a millimeter wave network,
Arranging each of the user nodes in the millimeter wave network based on a channel state;
According to the order sorting on the basis of the channel state, the user node to the data rate received in each (data rate) and the power consumption (power consumption) by the energy efficiency of the user node based on (Proportional Fairness of Energy: E PF Respectively; And
Selecting a relay node among the user nodes based on the calculated energy efficiency
Lt; / RTI &gt;
The step of selecting the relay node comprises:
Selecting a relay node from among the user nodes based on a shaded area probability indicating the number of nodes located in the shaded area among the user nodes and energy efficiency of each node located in the communication enabled area
And selecting the mobile relay. delete The method according to claim 1,
The step of calculating the energy efficiency, respectively,
Computing a log function for a data rate received at each of the user nodes;
Calculating a sum of log functions of each user node;
Calculating a sum of power consumption at each of the user nodes; And
Calculating the energy efficiency based on the sum of the logarithmic functions and the sum of the power consumption
The mobile relay selecting method comprising: The method according to claim 1,
The step of selecting the relay node comprises:
Selecting a relay node among the user nodes based on dynamic programming;
And selecting the mobile relay. The method according to claim 1,
The step of selecting the relay node comprises:
Selecting the relay node based on the energy efficiency of each node located in the outage zone for the user nodes;
And selecting the mobile relay. 6. The method of claim 5,
The step of selecting the relay node comprises:
Selecting one of the nodes based on the number of relayable nodes connected to each node as the relay node for each node located in the shadow area
And selecting the mobile relay. 6. The method of claim 5,
The step of selecting the relay node comprises:
Assigning a new communication link to a selected relay node as a node located in the shadow area is selected as a relay node
And selecting the mobile relay. The method according to claim 1,
The step of selecting the relay node comprises:
Selecting the relay node based on the energy efficiency of each node located in a coverage zone for the user nodes;
And selecting the mobile relay. 9. The method of claim 8,
The step of selecting the relay node comprises:
Selecting one of the nodes as the relay node based on energy consumption of each node for each node located in the communicable area
And selecting the mobile relay. The method according to claim 1,
The step of selecting the relay node comprises:
Selecting the relay node based on the energy efficiency calculated considering the case where no additional relay node exists for the user nodes
And selecting the mobile relay. The method according to claim 1,
The step of calculating the energy efficiency, respectively,
Case 1 (case 1) considering the user nodes existing in the transliteration region, case 2 considering the energy efficiency of the user node existing in the communication enabled area, and case 2 where there are no additional relay nodes Calculating the energy efficiency in each case 3 (case 3)
And selecting the mobile relay. 12. The method of claim 11,
The step of selecting the relay node comprises:
Selecting the user node corresponding to the maximum energy efficiency among the energy efficiencies calculated according to Case 1 to Case 3 as the relay node
And selecting the mobile relay. The method according to claim 1,
The relay node comprises:
A node that performs a single-hop relay with respect to user nodes existing in the millimeter wave network
And selecting the mobile relay. The method according to claim 1,
The relay node comprises:
Relaying signals to any one node at a time for user nodes in the millimeter wave network
And selecting the mobile relay. A mobile relay selection system in a millimeter wave network,
A node arrangement unit for arranging each of the user nodes existing in the millimeter wave network based on a channel state;
According to the order sorting on the basis of the channel state, the user node to the data rate received in each (data rate) and the power consumption (power consumption) by the energy efficiency of the user node based on (Proportional Fairness of Energy: E PF ), Respectively; And
A relay node selecting a relay node among the user nodes based on a shaded area probability indicating the number of nodes located in a shadow area among the user nodes and energy efficiency of each node located in a communication coverage area part
The mobile relay selection system comprising:
KR1020150082526A 2015-06-11 2015-06-11 Method and system for selecting mobile relay based on dynamic programming in millimeter-wave broadband 5g network KR101671635B1 (en)

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