KR101662950B1 - System for quantity prediction of accident damage by gas leakage in confined space - Google Patents
System for quantity prediction of accident damage by gas leakage in confined space Download PDFInfo
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- KR101662950B1 KR101662950B1 KR1020150074673A KR20150074673A KR101662950B1 KR 101662950 B1 KR101662950 B1 KR 101662950B1 KR 1020150074673 A KR1020150074673 A KR 1020150074673A KR 20150074673 A KR20150074673 A KR 20150074673A KR 101662950 B1 KR101662950 B1 KR 101662950B1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012502 risk assessment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 87
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
This is the information that should be considered together with the possibility of an accident in order to analyze the risk of an accident considering the specificity of the natural gas used in an enclosed space such as an underground combined cycle power plant, To provide an underlying technology that can reduce accidents and build a safety system. The system for predicting the accident damage caused by the gas leakage of the closed space according to the embodiment of the present invention may be configured to set a part of at least one area around the equipment where gas exists in the closed space as a monitoring point A point setting unit; A scenario constructing section for setting an accident risk analysis condition according to the pore position, size, and flow rate of leaked gas on the assumption that gas leaks from equipment; And an accident amount predicting unit for quantitatively calculating damage prediction information at the time of occurrence of an accident according to an accident risk analysis condition set by the scenario constructing unit.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique for quantitatively predicting an expected damage amount of an accident that may be caused by exposure of a gas in an enclosed space such as an underground combined cycle power plant and the like. Specifically, considering the specific property of a confined space and gas, And the technology for accident prevention and response strategy by quantitatively analyzing the damage amount in case of gas accident.
Recently, fossil fuel depletion and air pollution problems have made it difficult to secure energy resources. In order to solve these problems, the demand for combined-cycle power plants is continuously increasing. In particular, underground combined-cycle power plants that use natural gas as fuel have potential risks such as fire and explosion accidents caused by gas leaks due to the specificity of underground space.
In general, the design approach for considering the above risk factors in the design of power plants is done through the risk-based design. In the plant, the risk-based design technology is the plant process, This means design techniques that analyze the suitability of the design by evaluating and quantifying all possible hazards.
Hazard is defined as a degree of damage to life, property, environment, etc. A risk is a quantified measure of the risk, defined as a combination of the probability of occurrence of the risk and the potential size of the risk (Consequence).
The combined cycle power plant uses fuel to generate electricity by driving the gas turbine first, and the exhaust gas heat from the gas turbine passes through the boiler to drive the second steam turbine, which has a high thermal efficiency and low pollution Demand is constantly increasing to meet both energy security and environmental conservation. In these facilities, due to the nature of the underground space, there are potential risks such as fire and explosion due to fuel leakage. Therefore, safety design should be based on quantitative data on risk factors.
In the petrochemical plant and other plants, accidents such as fire and explosion are frequently occurring. In order to cope with this, studies on the development of risk assessment techniques have progressed sufficiently, but there have been few studies on the underground combined cycle power plant And it is practically impossible to conduct a risk assessment through experiments. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the risk based on the quantitative data on accident damage considering the characteristics of underground space through numerical analysis.
As a related art technology, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-0048250 and the like have sufficiently studied the numerical analysis on the accident damage, but there is a limit to quantify the result of accident damage. In other words, there is still a shortage until the consequence quantification step, and quantification technique is mainly developed by using damage radius by fire radiant heat and damage radius by explosion overpressure. In addition, since accident damage varies depending on the characteristics of the system to be assessed for risk, it is necessary to develop a method for quantifying consequences through accurate system definition for underground combined cycle power plants.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems and needs of the related technical field, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for analyzing the risk of an accident, considering the specificity of a natural gas used in an enclosed space such as an underground combined- The purpose of this paper is to provide an infrastructure that can reduce accidents and build a safety system by predicting the damage level at the occurrence of an accident accurately according to each condition.
In order to achieve the above object, a system for predicting the accident damage caused by a gas leakage in a confined space according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: A point setting unit for setting a part as a monitoring point; A scenario constructing unit for setting an accident risk analysis condition on the assumption that gas leaks from the facility equipment according to the pore position and size of the facility equipment and the flow rate of the leaking gas; And an accident amount prediction unit for quantitatively calculating damage prediction information at the time of occurrence of an accident according to an accident risk analysis condition set by the scenario construction unit.
According to the present invention, it is possible to quantitatively quantify and provide damage quantities in the event of an accident in accordance with various critical conditions according to the pore position, size, and gas flow rate of each equipment.
According to this, various information such as diffusion path and time to ignition can be numerically provided in addition to the range of damage due to radiant heat and pressure at the time of occurrence of an accident, It is possible to accurately predict the accident risk level at the facility in addition to the accident occurrence probability information.
Accordingly, it is possible to provide accident prediction information considering the specificity of each place and gas, and to accurately set countermeasures and countermeasures against the accident based on the information. Thus, it is possible to construct a safe facility design system.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for predicting the occurrence of accidents caused by gas leakage in a closed space according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIGS. 2 to 6 are diagrams illustrating an experimental example of accident damage amount information predicted according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a description will be made of a quantitative prediction system for an accident caused by gas leakage in a closed space according to each embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent inventions performing the same functions as the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
In the following description, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and unnecessary redundant explanations and descriptions of known technologies will be omitted.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for predicting the occurrence of accidents caused by gas leakage in a closed space according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
1, a
First, the
2, in the present invention, when a gas is leaked from a facility equipment in which a gas exists, such as an underground combined cycle power plant, as mentioned above, the gas is not diffused to the outside, Including all facilities that have an environment that can only diffuse within the environment. Even if natural gas is used, in the unsealed space, the gas is diffused to the upper part when the gas is leaked, and the possibility of fire due to gas is not sufficiently large. However, in the closed space of the present invention, This is because of the limited possibility of fire.
On the other hand, equipment refers to all equipment that may be present in a facility consisting of a closed space, such as a tank or pipeline where gas may be present.
Referring to FIG. 2, there are designated a plurality of points to be set as monitoring points due to the risk of gas leakage on the three-dimensional drawing of FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, P1-1 to P3-N are provided on the main surfaces of equipment such as a gas turbine, an LNG tank, an HRSG (Heat Recovery Steam Generator), and a gas pipe, 1 and P4, 5, 6) are set.
The above-mentioned points are monitoring points set by the
Specifically, the
Assuming that the gas leaks from the equipment, the
Specifically, the
The
The accident
Specifically, the amount-of-
First, the gas analyzing unit calculates gas leak prediction position information, a concentration at which leaked gas is to be combusted, based on the pore position, size, and flow rate of the leaked gas in accordance with the set accident risk analysis conditions, Concentration value, fire probability value according to presence or absence of an ignition source, prediction information on the change in gas concentration of each monitoring point with respect to time, and time information on the gas concentration of each monitoring point reaching the fractions of the threshold value calculated based on the above- The first threshold time information can be calculated. An example of this is shown in Figs.
The gas analyzing unit calculates the above information assuming that gas is leaked as much as the gas flow rate assuming the assumed pore size at the specific pore position. In order to calculate the above information, the pore position and size may be set, and the gas flow rate information may be preset as the boundary condition.
On the other hand, the predetermined critical concentration is the critical concentration of the gas at a specific monitoring point at which the gas can be ignited and a fire can occur. This is because the critical concentration of the gas within a certain volume Can be used to calculate the flammability limit volume fraction in the region. For example, it is assumed that the critical concentration is 2.5% to 15%, and the combustible volume fraction can be calculated according to the total area volume for which a gas leak including the monitoring point is assumed.
Such a flammability limit volume fraction can be calculated as a graph of the flammability limit volume fraction with time when the size of the corresponding pore is, for example, 30 mm and 50 mm according to each pore position as shown in FIG.
Referring to FIG. 3, it can be seen that when the size of the pores is, for example, 30 mm and 50 mm, the fractional volume fraction of flammable volume in each region when the time is 180s, 480s and 780s is shown according to the above conditions . Thus, it is possible to accurately grasp how each region can be included over time up to the flammability limit according to the diffusion of the gas.
Referring to FIG. 3, it can be confirmed that information on the time to reach the flammable volume fraction can be calculated at the same time. That is, according to the information calculation of the gas analyzing unit, prediction information on the change of the gas concentration can be calculated for each monitoring point, and the probability of occurrence of fire according to the presence or absence of the ignition source Can be calculated from the information on the time to reach the limiting volume fraction.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, information on the first threshold time, which is time information when the gas concentration reaches the fractional volume of volumetric capacity, can be calculated for each monitoring point, The number of times of the occurrence of the abnormality can be calculated.
Referring to FIG. 4, the gas analyzing unit assumes a pore position and calculates the position information of the gas leakage at the time of analysis. According to the analysis result of the gas leakage estimated position information according to the assumed pore position at the actual occurrence of the accident, The point can be accurately predicted.
Referring to FIG. 4, a graph showing a graph of the methane concentration distribution in the middle, a graph relating to the gas concentration near the leaking point above, and a graph relating to the gas concentration at the gas diffusion point below can be confirmed.
In the graph of the methane concentration distribution in the center, it is assumed that the pore position is assumed at the P1-1 monitoring point, and when the scenario is predicted, the methane concentration toward the upper lean point (P1-1. , Which shows that the gas diffusion is progressing to decrease the amount of the gas to be added to the gas, which is derived as the scenario is applied according to the characteristics of the gas. The results are shown in Fig.
On the other hand, in the case of the diffusion points P3-1 and P3-2, it can be seen that the upper layer has a higher concentration than the lower end due to the characteristics of the gas. This can be seen from the graph below, and P3-2 is predicted higher than P3-1 on the graph.
Based on the above results, it can be confirmed that the predicted point of the gas leak can be accurately predicted to correspond to the pore position by comparing the concentration of the gas at the assumption of the specific pore position with time, The predicted position of the gas leakage can be accurately predicted in the event of an actual accident.
The fire analysis unit uses the critical temperature, which is the temperature at which the leaked gas is fired as pre-set information along with the pore position, size, and flow rate of the leaked gas in accordance with the set accident risk analysis conditions, Second threshold time information which is time information for reaching the critical temperature according to diffusion of fire and diffusion of heat for each monitoring point, information on the change of temperature by monitoring point, equipment equipment is damaged according to spread of fire for each monitoring point The third critical time information, which is time information for reaching a predetermined critical radiation amount, and the damage radius information according to the flame propagation at the time of fire occurrence, are calculated. An example of this is shown in Figures 5 and 6.
The fire analysis section calculates the above information by assuming that gas is leaked as much as the assumed gas flow rate at the assumed pore size at the specific pore position. In order to calculate the above information, the pore position and size may be set, and the gas flow rate information may be preset as the boundary condition.
On the other hand, the predetermined critical temperature can be set as a limit temperature at a specific monitoring point at which a gas can be burned to cause a fire, for example, a value of 800K or the like.
On the other hand, the predetermined critical radiant heat quantity is a parameter according to radiant heat intensity generated according to the occurrence of fire, and can be set differently according to the condition of the specific facility. For example, depending on the radiant heat intensity, the strength to be burned, the strength depending on energy to induce ignition such as wood and tube, the strength with which wood can be ignited, and the strength with which equipment can be damaged, Another critical radiation heat quantity can be set.
In the present invention, the radiant heat intensity at which the equipment can be damaged due to the characteristics of the damage prediction target area is set as, for example, 37.5 kW / m ^ 2 as the critical radiation heat amount, but it is natural that it can be changed according to the above conditions .
Referring to FIG. 5, a graph showing information on a change in temperature within an area including each monitoring point per hour according to a pore position, a size, and a gas flow rate in an accident risk analysis condition set can be confirmed.
As shown in FIG. 5, when the sizes of the pores are 30 mm and 50 mm, it can be visually confirmed that the ambient temperature is changed when the time is 1s, 5s, and 10s according to the respective pore positions.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, information on a change in temperature at each monitoring point (P1-1 to P3-1 and P4 to P6 in FIG. 2) according to the time at a specific pore size (30 mm) As shown in Fig.
As the above graph, information on the temperature change in each region can be used to derive the second threshold time information, which is time information for reaching the critical temperature for each monitoring point, and the damage caused by the flame propagation The radius information can be calculated.
On the other hand, information on a change in the amount of radiant heat on each of the above-mentioned monitoring points can be calculated in accordance with the temperature information and the temperature change, and accordingly, The third critical time information that is information that reaches the radiation calories can be calculated together.
On the other hand, the temperature change at all the monitoring points can be calculated, and the volume fraction variation of the critical temperature can also be derived. Based on this, the above-mentioned information by performing the function of the fire analyzer at each of the pore holes can be derived, and the damage amount at the time of fire occurrence can be quantitatively derived.
On the other hand, the
While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. That is, within the scope of the present invention, all of the components may be selectively coupled to at least one. In addition, although all of the components may be implemented as one independent hardware, some or all of the components may be selectively combined to perform a part or all of the functions in one or a plurality of hardware. As shown in FIG. The codes and code segments constituting the computer program may be easily deduced by those skilled in the art. Such a computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, readable and executed by a computer, thereby realizing an embodiment of the present invention. As a storage medium of the computer program, a magnetic recording medium, an optical recording medium, or the like can be included.
It is also to be understood that the terms such as " comprises, "" comprising," or "having ", as used herein, mean that a component can be implanted unless specifically stated to the contrary. But should be construed as including other elements. All terms, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Commonly used terms, such as predefined terms, should be interpreted to be consistent with the contextual meanings of the related art, and are not to be construed as ideal or overly formal, unless expressly defined to the contrary.
The foregoing description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
A scenario constructing unit for setting an accident risk analysis condition on the assumption that gas leaks from the facility equipment according to the pore position and size of the facility equipment and the flow rate of the leaking gas; And
And an accident amount predicting unit for quantitatively calculating damage prediction information in the event of an accident according to an accident risk analysis condition set by the scenario constructing unit,
The above-
A gas analyzer for calculating quantitative information on concentration and diffusion of the gas leaked according to the set accident risk analysis conditions; And a fire analyzing unit for calculating quantitative information on a damage amount of a fire accident that may occur according to the leaked gas,
The fire analysis unit includes:
According to the set accident risk analysis condition, the pore position, the size of the assumed equipment, the flow rate of the leaked gas, and the threshold temperature at which the leaked gas is extinguished are used, A second critical time information as time information for reaching the critical temperature for each monitoring point, and a predetermined critical radiant heat amount as a radiant heat quantity value that can damage the equipments according to the spread of fire for each monitoring point And the damage radius information according to the flame propagation at the time of occurrence of the fire is calculated and the volume fraction variation amount of the critical temperature is derived through the calculated temperature variation at all the monitoring points A Quantitative Prediction System for Accident Damage due to Gas Leakage in Enclosed Space.
The gas analyzer may include:
According to the set accident risk analysis condition, the predicted position of gas leakage, the position of the ignition source, the position of the ignition source, And the first threshold time information, which is the time at which the gas concentration of each monitoring point reaches the fraction of the combustible limit volume calculated on the basis of the critical concentration, And estimating an accidental damage caused by gas leakage in the closed space.
The above-
And crash damage control information including the evacuation time and the gas supply cutoff time information from the inside of the closed space according to the damage prediction information is generated.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018101726A1 (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-07 | 대한민국(행정안전부 국립재난안전연구원장) | Floating-type contaminant measuring apparatus |
| CN108171373A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-15 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of chemical industrial park poison gas reveals best-effort path planing method |
| CN110729065A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-24 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Method for partitioning hydrogen explosive gas environment of nuclear power plant |
| KR102089568B1 (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-03-16 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | System and method for assessing risk of fire and explosion |
| CN116468268A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-07-21 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Comprehensive pipe gallery emergency response system based on risk constraint and optimization method |
| CN116863678A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-10-10 | 杭州全连科技有限公司 | Fire extinguishing and fire fighting platform based on nuclear power station and early warning method |
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| WO2018101726A1 (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-07 | 대한민국(행정안전부 국립재난안전연구원장) | Floating-type contaminant measuring apparatus |
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| CN108171373A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-15 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of chemical industrial park poison gas reveals best-effort path planing method |
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| CN110729065A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-24 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Method for partitioning hydrogen explosive gas environment of nuclear power plant |
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| CN116468268A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-07-21 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Comprehensive pipe gallery emergency response system based on risk constraint and optimization method |
| CN116468268B (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-09-12 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Comprehensive pipe gallery emergency response system based on risk constraint and optimization method |
| CN116863678A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-10-10 | 杭州全连科技有限公司 | Fire extinguishing and fire fighting platform based on nuclear power station and early warning method |
| CN116863678B (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2024-02-27 | 杭州全连科技有限公司 | Fire extinguishing and fire fighting platform based on nuclear power station and early warning method |
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