KR101662075B1 - A water purification filter and Method for fabricating in the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a water filter and a method of manufacturing the water filter, and an example of a method of manufacturing a water filter according to the present invention includes sequentially coating a first film and a second film on a first substrate; Forming a pattern of a predetermined period to a predetermined depth of the first film; Transferring the formed pattern onto a second substrate; Sequentially removing the first substrate and the first film, and coating an aquaporin vesicle on the transferred pattern on the second substrate; And forming a protective layer on the second substrate so that the coated aquaporin hydrophobia does not move. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to selectively pass only water with a high permeability and a salt removal rate even at a low pressure, and to easily produce a nanomembrane by applying a polymer pattern transfer technique to a membrane used for manufacturing a water filter And the water purification effect can be further enhanced by using the membrane protein of the Aquaporin series or by using the SAM material. In addition, if necessary, the resulting membrane may be formed into various types of modules, thereby producing an adaptive water filter.

Aquaporin, polymer pattern, SAM, membrane, water filter

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a water purification filter and a method for fabricating the same,

The present invention relates to a water filter for purifying water and a method for manufacturing the same.

Water is the most inextricable factor in human life, but with a surge in population and industrial demand, about 2.7 billion people will face fresh water shortages in 2025 and one fifth of the world's nations will face serious water shortages The UN is expected to suffer.

Water pollution is becoming a serious problem due to the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization. According to the World Water Forum, 1.1 billion people do not drink safe water and more than 5 million people die from waterborne diseases every year.

To solve this water shortage problem, research has been conducted on the development of a water filter capable of purifying contaminated water into potable water.

In the case of a conventional reverse osmosis (RO) filter capable of filtering out all the impurities, water is moved toward the low concentration solution by applying a pressure higher than osmotic pressure to the contaminated water or the high concentration solution side.

Such a reverse osmosis filter forms a support substrate on a nonwoven fabric and forms an active layer of polyamide on the support substrate through interfacial polymerization to remove contaminants.

The above-mentioned RO method requires a pressure higher than osmotic pressure so that it consumes electric energy. When applied to domestic use, the water permeability is insufficient, so a storage tank capable of storing and collecting water is required, which causes a problem of microbial propagation.

In order to solve the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a water filter capable of selectively passing only water having a high water permeability and a salt removal rate even at low pressure, and a method for producing the water filter.

Another object of the present invention is to use a nanomembrane applying polymer pattern transfer technology to fabricate the water filter.

It is another object of the present invention to produce the membrane using a membrane protein of aquaporin type or using SAM (self assembled monolayer) material.

It is another object of the present invention to form the above-mentioned membrane into various types of modules.

The present invention relates to a water filter and a method of manufacturing the water filter, and an example of a method of manufacturing a water filter according to the present invention includes sequentially coating a first film and a second film on a first substrate; Forming a pattern of a predetermined period to a predetermined depth of the first film; Transferring the formed pattern onto a second substrate; Sequentially removing the first substrate and the first film, and coating the pattern transferred on the second substrate with an aquaporin hydrophobic; And forming a protective layer on the second substrate so that the coated aquaporin hydrophobia does not move.

At this time, the first substrate may be a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) substrate, and the second substrate may be a porous substrate.

And wherein the first film is a water soluble polymer material and the second film is an ultraviolet-curable material.

Also, the first film may be a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) polymer material.

And, the predetermined depth may penetrate the second film, but the first film may not penetrate.

The predetermined period may be 20 nm to 10 mu m.

The pattern may be a hole pattern of a two-dimensional structure.

The size of the hole pattern may be 5 nm to 20 nm.

The pattern may be formed using a mold.

In addition, the mold may use any one of cuts, nickel (Ni), and silicon oxide.

Another example of a method of manufacturing a water filter in one aspect of the present invention includes: coating a film on a first substrate; Forming a pattern of a predetermined depth and period on the film; Transferring the formed pattern onto a second substrate; And removing the first substrate and filling the transferred pattern with an aquaporin hydrophobic.

Here, the first substrate may be a water solubable polymer material, and the film may be an ultraviolet-curable material.

The first film may be a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) polymer material.

The predetermined depth may be a depth that does not penetrate the film.

The pattern may be a one-dimensional grating pattern.

In addition, the size of the pattern may be the same as the size of the aquaporin hydrophobicity or smaller than that of the aquaporin hydrophobicity.

The predetermined period may be at least 20 nm to 10 탆.

The pattern may be formed using a mold.

The mold may be formed of any one of cuts, nickel (Ni), and silicon oxide.

Also, the substrate may be a flexible substrate layer.

Another example of a method for manufacturing a water filter in one aspect of the present invention comprises: sequentially coating a first film and a second film on a first substrate; Forming a pattern of a predetermined period to a predetermined depth of the first film; Transferring the formed pattern onto a second substrate; And sequentially removing the first substrate and the first film, and performing a SAM (Self Assembled Monolayer) surface treatment on the pattern yarn transferred to the second substrate.

At this time, the first substrate may be a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) substrate, and the second substrate may be a porous substrate.

And wherein the first film is a water soluble polymer material and the second film is an ultraviolet-curable material.

Also, the first film may be a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) polymer material.

And, the predetermined depth may penetrate the second film, but the first film may not penetrate.

The predetermined period may be 20 nm to 10 mu m.

The pattern may be a hole pattern of a two-dimensional structure.

The size of the hole pattern may be 5 nm to 20 nm.

The pattern may be formed using a mold.

In addition, the mold may use any one of cuts, nickel (Ni), and silicon oxide.

The SAM material may be any one of Thiol-SAM, Chelate-SAM, Anion-SAM, and HOPO-SAM.

In another aspect of the present invention, an example of a water filter includes a support substrate; A polymer pattern formed on the support substrate and having at least one hole pattern; An aquaporin hydrophobic coated between the respective hole patterns of the polymer pattern; And a protective layer formed on the polymer pattern so as to cover the aquaporin hydrophobic.

In another aspect of the present invention, another example of the water filter includes a support substrate; A polymer pattern formed on the support substrate and having at least one hole pattern; And an aqua purine hydrophobule filled in the hole pattern provided between the polymer pattern and the support substrate.

In another aspect of the present invention, another example of the water filter includes a support substrate; A polymer pattern formed on the support substrate and having at least one hole pattern; And a SAM material surface-treated on the polymer pattern.

A water filter and a method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention,

First, even at low pressure, it is possible to selectively pass only water with a high permeability and a salt removal rate.

Second, the application of the polymer pattern transfer technology to the membrane used in the production of the water filter makes it possible to easily produce a nanomembrane.

Third, the water purification effect can be further enhanced by using the membrane protein of Aquaporin type or using the SAM material.

Fourthly, there is an effect that an adaptive water filter can be manufactured by forming the generated membrane into various types of modules according to need.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention in which the above objects can be specifically realized will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the accompanying drawings, the thickness is enlarged in order to clearly illustrate the various layers and regions, and the thickness ratio between the respective layers shown in the drawings does not represent the actual thickness ratio.

On the other hand, when a portion such as a layer, a film, an area, a plate, or the like is formed or positioned on another portion, it is not only formed directly on another portion and directly contacted, And the like.

Hereinafter, a water purification filter according to the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same will be described. At this time, the water filter is manufactured using a membrane according to the present invention.

The membrane according to the present invention may be produced using a membrane protein of Aquaporin series or using SAM (self assembled monolayer) material.

In this specification, various patterns are formed on a thin planar porous substrate to produce a membrane. For this purpose, a polymer pattern transfer technology is applied. In this connection, there is a method of applying a track back etch technique to holes of a size of several micrometers (탆) in a polycarbonate film. However, it is very difficult to form a hole having a size of several nanometers (nm) to several tens of nanometers (nm) on a very thin flat substrate by uniformly forming the nanometer (nm) It is a very complicated process to produce a size pore. In addition, there is a disadvantage in that a semiconductor process requiring a high cost is required, thereby increasing the cost of manufacturing the entire water filter.

Accordingly, in the present invention, a pore having a nanometer (nm) size can be more easily manufactured by applying a polymer pattern transfer technique and implemented on a substrate, and a membrane is formed using aquaporin-based membrane protein or SAM Method. In addition, the membrane thus produced can be modularized into various types so that an adaptive water filter can be manufactured.

Hereinafter, referring to the accompanying drawings, a membrane for producing a water filter is divided into a method using a membrane protein of the aquaporin series and a method using the SAM material.

First, a method for producing a membrane using an aquaporin-based membrane protein according to the present invention will be described. For this purpose, a description of the aquaporin is as follows.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a diagram of aquaporin incorporated into a lipid bi-layer according to the present invention.

Aquaporin can not only pass all contaminants including bacteria, viruses, minerals and salts but also selectively migrate water with its structural characteristics. .

Aquaporin is a membrane protein composed of about 300 amino acids and is symmetrical in both intracellular and intracellular. Especially the central part of the aquaporin is very narrow in the form of an hourglass. For example, the size of the narrowest portion as the central portion of the aquaporin is about 3 Å, slightly larger than the 2.8 Å water (H ₂ O) molecule. Therefore, the two alanines of the NPA box of the aquaporin are arranged side by side in the water passage, allowing only water (H ₂ O) molecules to pass without passing hydrogen (H +) ions.

These aquaporins selectively interfere with the passage of other ions or solutes, thereby inducing the entry and exit of water molecules selectively. Due to such characteristics, aquaporin is also referred to as a water channel.

Aquaporin contains six transmembrane α-helices arranged clockwise and has an amino acid and a carboxy terminus on the cytoplasmic surface of the membrane. Amino acids and carboxy half show similarities with tandem repeats.

In addition, five (AE) interhelical loops are located inside and outside of the cell, while loops B and E are not completely homogenous but maintain the NPA motif of Asn-Pro-Ala and the middle of the lipid bilayer It forms a three - dimensional hourglass shape, allowing water to pass through here. NPA motifs and narrower seletivity filters or ar / R seletivity filters.

Aquaporin permeates water and small uncharged solutes, such as glycerol, carbon dioxide, ammonia and urea, depending on the size of the pore.

Aquaporin differs depending on the peptide sequence, but the size of the hole in the protein is different. The size of these holes affects the size of the molecules passing through. However, water pores are not permeable to charged molecules, that is, proton, or those that have electrochemical properties.

The movement of water is symmetrical and can go in either direction, and it can be a great advantage when it is commercialized because it does not consume energy.

However, in connection with the present invention, durability against water pressure is very important for use as a water filter which selectively applies water only by applying aquaporin to a water filter.

In the conventional method, a three-dimensional structure is formed by preparing a vesicle in which a mixture of aquaporins is incorporated into a block copolymer, and a lipid bilayer (monolayer) -layer) to form a two-dimensional plane (planar) type.

However, in the case of forming the three-dimensional structure, a large amount of aquaporin and block copolymer should be used, which may increase the movement path of water, which may cause a decrease in permeation rate.

In addition, when fabricating a two-dimensional flat type, a durability problem due to water pressure and a fusion technique must be mixed. In this case, the process time may be consumed.

Therefore, in the present invention, a micro or nano pattern is formed on the surface of the support substrate of the water filter to induce the water filter not to be directly subjected to any pressure during manufacturing, thereby improving the durability , Shortening the processing time and improving anti-fouling properties.

In addition, the water filter manufactured using the aqua purine according to the present invention can reduce the amount of the aquaporine and the block copolymer compared to the three-dimensional structure described above, .

Hereinafter, a process for producing a membrane using the above-described aquaporin-based membrane protein and producing a water filter using the generated membrane will be described.

However, according to the present invention, the membrane may be formed of various types of modules as needed to produce a water filter, and thus the manufacturing process may be different.

First Embodiment

FIGS. 2A to 2I illustrate an example of a process flow diagram for explaining a process for producing a water filter using aquaporin according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a process for producing a water filter using aquaporin according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a view of an aquaporin hydrophobic 330;

The first embodiment of the present invention relates to a case of manufacturing a disk type module using an aquaporin membrane.

2A to 2H) for forming an aqua-formal membrane used in a disk-type module and a process for manufacturing a disk-type module using the formed aqua-formal membrane (FIG. 2I) The following is the explanation.

2A is a process of coating (or applying) a film on the first substrate 210. FIG.

Here, the film coating is performed, for example, twice. The first polymer material 220 is coated on the first substrate 210 and the second polymer material 220 is coated on the coated first polymer material 220 again.

The first substrate 210 may be a polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) substrate, and may be surface-treated with a plasma before the first polymer material 220 is coated.

The first polymer material 220 may be a water soluble material, for example, a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) polymer material. Also, the second polymeric material 220 can be, for example, an ultraviolet (UV) -curable material.

2B is a process of forming a pattern on the films 220 and 230 coated on the first substrate 210. FIG. Here, the pattern to be formed will be described by taking a hole pattern of a two-dimensional structure as an example for convenience of explanation. However, the pattern to be formed is not limited to a hole pattern having a two-dimensional structure, and may be variously formed into a one-dimensional grid or a three-dimensional structure.

In the above, the pattern is formed to a predetermined depth of the first polymer material 220, for example, through the second polymer material 230 to form a desired pattern. The predetermined depth refers to a depth of the first polymer material 220 that does not penetrate the first polymer material 220, that is, the first substrate 210 under the first polymer material 220.

Further, the pattern may be formed at a predetermined cycle. In general, the size of a water channel is usually several nanometers (nm) to several tens of micrometers (占 퐉). However, for convenience of explanation, the case where a hole pattern is formed at a cycle of 20 nm to 10 mu m will be described as an example. Also, the size of the hole may be formed, for example, from 5 nm to 200 nm.

In the case of forming a pattern with a barrier rib structure or a one-dimensional grid structure, the pattern step may be, for example, 20 nm to 500 탆, and the line width may be 10 탆 to 250 탆.

In this specification, a mold 240 is used to form a hole pattern. At this time, the mold 240 may be made of a material such as, for example, Kurtz, nickel (Ni), or silicon oxide.

2C is a process of transferring the hole pattern formed in the process of FIG. 2B to the second substrate 250. FIG. That is, the hole pattern formed in the process of FIG. 2B is transferred onto the second substrate 250 by bonding and UV-curing. Unlike the first substrate 215, the second substrate 250 may be a porous substrate 255.

2D and 2E illustrate a method of removing a first substrate 210 and a first polymer material 220 'by peel-off after transferring a hole pattern to a second substrate 250, ). This is to leave only the desired pattern, so that the first polymer material 220 'can be separated by dissolving in water to leave only the desired polymer pattern, i.e., the second polymer pattern 230'.

2F is a process of removing the first substrate 210 and the first polymer material 220 'to form an aquaporin fixing pattern composed of the second substrate 250 and the second polymer material 230' .

Through the process of FIGS. 2A to 2F described above, the pattern for fixing the aquaporin using the polymer pattern transfer technology is formed according to the present invention.

FIG. 2G illustrates a process of coating an aqua purine vesicle 260 on the pattern for fixing the aqua purine formed through the process described above and a step of coating the coated aqua purine hydrophobic film 260 on the second polymer pattern 230 ' . Here, the aqua purine hydrophilic nano-particles 260 coated on the second polymer pattern 230 'may have a structure as shown in Fig. 3, for example.

At this time, the membrane protein of the aquaporin series may be a membrane protein of at least one of aquaporin 1 to 12, aquaporin-Z and aquaporin-M.

3, the aquaporin hydrophobia 330 according to the present invention may be prepared by adding an aquaporin 331 to a lipid bi-layer 332 or a block copolymer 332, It is a mixed minicopter.

At this time, the block copolymer 332 may be a polymer series of at least one of poly (ethylene oxide), poly (ethylene propylene), poly (2-methyloxazoline), poly (propylene sulfide), and poly (dimethylsiloxane).

2H is a process of fabricating the aquaporin membrane 236 by fixing the aqua purine hydrophobule 260 to the polymer pattern 230 'and then forming the protective layer 237 so that the aquaporin hydrophobicity does not move.

2I is a cylindrical disk-type water filter 270 manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This is because the aqua purine membrane manufactured according to the procedure of FIGS. 2A to 2H described above can be formed into a cylindrical disc type by arranging several layers as shown in the figure, thereby producing a more stable and superior water purification effect.

Second Example

4A to 4G show another example of a process flow chart for explaining the process of producing an aqua filter using an aqua purine according to the present invention.

A second embodiment of the present invention relates to a case of manufacturing a spiral type module using an aquaporin membrane.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, processes (4a to 4f) for forming an aquaporin membrane used in a spiral-type module and a process (4g) for manufacturing a spiral-type module using the formed aqua- The following is the explanation.

4A is a process of coating a film 420 on the first substrate 410. FIG. Here, the first substrate 410 may be formed of a water-soluble polymer material, for example, a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) polymer material. Further, as the film 420, a material obtained by UV-curing the polymer material may be used.

4B is a process of forming a pattern on the film 420 coated on the first substrate 410. FIG. Here, the pattern to be formed will be described by taking a one-dimensional grating pattern as an example for convenience of explanation. In addition, the size of the pattern formed at this time is, for example, the same as the size of the produced aquaporin hydrophobic or smaller than several nanometers to several tens of nanometers smaller than the hydrophobic hydrophobic hydrophobic hydrophobic. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-exemplified pattern or the size of the formed pattern.

In this specification, the mold 430 is used to form the one-dimensional grating pattern. At this time, the mold 430 may be made of a material such as quartz, nickel (Ni), silicon oxide, or the like.

4C is a process of transferring the formed one-dimensional grating pattern onto the second substrate 440. FIG. Here, the second substrate 440 will be described with reference to a flexible support substrate for convenience of explanation.

FIG. 4D is a process of peeling off the first substrate 410. FIG. This is to leave only the desired pattern 420 ', that is, the film, and the first substrate 410 is a water-soluble polymer material and can be removed by dissolving in water.

FIG. 4E is a process of filling the desired pattern 420 ', that is, the formed nanochannel with the aquaporin hydrophobic. Through this process, each channel will be filled with aquaporin hydrophobic.

FIG. 4F is a view for explaining a step in which water flows into the membrane formed through the process of FIG. 4E to be purified.

4G is a spiral-type water filter 470 manufactured according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The water flows from top to bottom and the top-view 471 is the same considering the direction in which the water flows in Fig. 4f.

Here, at both ends of the channel, a protective layer having a pore size smaller than the size of the small-sized pores may be coated to prevent the small-pores from escaping.

A process for producing a membrane using an aquaporin-based membrane protein according to the present invention and manufacturing a water filter using the membrane has been described.

Next, a process for producing a membrane using a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) material according to the present invention and manufacturing a water filter using the produced membrane will be described.

Third Embodiment

5A to 5B are an example of a process flow chart for illustrating a process of manufacturing a water filter using a SAM material according to the present invention.

5A is a process of transferring a nanopore pattern formed according to the present invention. However, the process of transferring the nanopore pattern is similar to the pattern shown in FIG. 2F, for example. In other words, for convenience of explanation in this specification, the description of FIGS. 2A to 2F described above with respect to the process of forming the nanopore pattern in FIG. 5A will be referred to and the detailed description will be omitted here.

FIG. 5B shows SAM surface treatment 430 on the UV-cured polymer pattern 420 after transferring the nanopore pattern formed in FIG. 5A.

The SAM material formed in the nanopore as shown in FIG. 5B can be selectively collected and collected by filtering with heavy metals.

Here, SAM materials coated on the surface are, for example, Thiol-SAM, Chelate-SAM, Anion-SAM, and HOPO-SAM.

Thiol-SAM can selectively capture heavy metals such as, for example, Hg, Ag, Au, Cu, and Cd.

Chelate-SAM can selectively capture heavy metals such as, for example, copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb).

Anion-SAM can be selectively captured, for example, for chromium, arsenate, and the like.

HOPO-SAM is selective for americium (Am), ntp (Np), plutonium (Pu), thorium (Th) and uranium (U).

In addition, the third embodiment may be combined with the first embodiment described above to fabricate a membrane and use it to produce a water filter.

The water filter and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention have been described above. As described above, the water filter according to the present invention forms nanotube membranes that are customer tailored through a micro or nano pattern or SAM surface treatment on the surface, It is possible to improve the durability and shorten the processing time and improve the anti-fouling characteristic as compared with the conventional flat type. In addition, the amount of aquaporin, lipid bilayer, or block copolymer can be reduced, and the movement speed of water can be shortened as compared with the three-dimensional structure, so that the permeation rate can be increased. In addition, it is possible to obtain an inexpensive membrane as compared with a nanopore membrane manufactured using a conventional semiconductor process, and to increase the durability by applying it to an aquaporin membrane. Accordingly, the water filter manufactured according to the present invention can be applied to power generation systems such as water treatment systems ranging from a domestic water purifier to desalination, and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO).

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof.

Accordingly, the above description should not be construed in a limiting sense in all respects and should be considered illustrative.

The scope of the present invention should be determined by rational interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the scope of equivalents of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows aquaporin mixed into a lipid bilayer according to the present invention,

FIGS. 2A to 2I illustrate an example of a process flow chart for explaining the process of manufacturing a water filter using aqua purine according to the present invention,

Figure 3 shows an aquaporin hydrophobic mixed with a lipid bilayer or block copolymer according to the present invention,

4A to 4G show another example of a process flow chart for explaining the process of manufacturing a water filter using aquaporin according to the present invention, and

5A to 5B are an example of a process flow chart for illustrating a process of manufacturing a water filter using a SAM material according to the present invention.

Claims (34)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete A method of manufacturing a water filter, Coating a film on a first substrate; Forming an engraved pattern on the film in a longitudinal direction at a predetermined depth to a depth not penetrating the film; Transferring the pattern formed on the second substrate so that the engraved pattern is coupled to the second substrate to form a channel in the longitudinal direction; And Removing the first substrate and filling the pattern with the transferred longitudinal channels with aquaporin hydrophobic. 12. The method of claim 11, Wherein the first substrate is a water soluable polymer material and the film is an ultraviolet-curable material. 13. The method of claim 12, Wherein the first substrate is a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) polymer material. 12. The method of claim 11, Further comprising coating a protective layer on each end of the channel having a pore size smaller than the size of the small hydrophobe. 12. The method of claim 11, Wherein the pattern is a one-dimensional grating pattern. 16. The method of claim 15, Wherein the size of the pattern is equal to or smaller than the size of the aquaporin hydrophobic filament. 17. The method of claim 16, Wherein the predetermined period is at least 20 nm to 10 占 퐉. 12. The method of claim 11, Wherein the pattern is formed using a mold. 19. The method of claim 18, Wherein the mold is one of a cutter, a nickel (Ni), and a silicon oxide. 12. The method of claim 11, Wherein the substrate is a support substrate substrate having a fluidity. delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete In the water filter, A support substrate; A pattern formed on the support substrate to form a plurality of channels having passageways in the longitudinal direction, the polymeric material being formed of a cured material; An aquaporin hydrophobic charged into the channel; And And a protective layer having a pore having a size smaller than the size of the small-sized pores positioned at both ends of the channel. 34. The method of claim 33, Wherein the size of the pattern is equal to or smaller than the size of the aquaporin hydrophobic.

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