KR101650900B1 - Apparatus and method for backtracking-switching in tree-structured wireless sensor network - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for backtracking-switching in tree-structured wireless sensor network Download PDF

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KR101650900B1
KR101650900B1 KR1020150121877A KR20150121877A KR101650900B1 KR 101650900 B1 KR101650900 B1 KR 101650900B1 KR 1020150121877 A KR1020150121877 A KR 1020150121877A KR 20150121877 A KR20150121877 A KR 20150121877A KR 101650900 B1 KR101650900 B1 KR 101650900B1
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node
switching
load value
path
switchable
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KR1020150121877A
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Korean (ko)
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추현승
김동수
염상길
티 킴 틔엔 레
김서연
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성균관대학교산학협력단
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/50—Overload detection or protection within a single switching element
    • H04L49/501—Overload detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/48—Routing tree calculation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/70—Virtual switches

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to backtracking switching apparatus and method which can improve lifetime of a tree-based wireless sensor network and can minimize runtime for routing. The backtracking switching method in a tree structure wireless sensor network comprises the steps of: extracting a load value for each of a plurality of sensor nodes and a path load value, which is the largest load value on a path from each of the sensor nodes to a root node; setting child nodes of a maximum load node, having the largest load value among the sensor nodes, as switchable nodes; processing first virtual switching to another sensor node, other than the original parent node, for each of the switchable nodes; comparing results before and after the first virtual switching based on a maximum path load value which is the largest one among the path load values on the respective paths; determining the other sensor nodes to be candidate parent nodes based on results of the comparison; when one or more instances of second virtual switching, which can be performed by each of the switchable nodes on the candidate parent nodes, are present, processing the one or more instances of second virtual switching; selecting any one instance of second virtual switching or a combination of two or more instances of second virtual switching among the one or more instances of second virtual switching based on individual maximum path load values after processing of the one or more instances of second virtual switching; and actually switching the switchable nodes to the candidate parent nodes in accordance with the selected any one instance of second virtual switching or selected combination of two or more instances of second virtual switching.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a back tracking switching method and apparatus for a wireless sensor network,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a back tracking switching apparatus and a method thereof in a tree structure wireless sensor network system that handles load balancing of a sensor node to maximize a lifetime of the wireless sensor network.

Generally, a sensor node constituting a wireless sensor network operates with a battery having a limited capacity. Since the life of sensor nodes depends on the amount of battery, increasing the efficiency of the battery is one of important considerations of the sensor network. Therefore, a number of energy efficient routing algorithms are currently being proposed to increase the efficiency of the battery.

Conventionally, a duty cycling method, a data aggregation method, and a load balancing method have been proposed as methods for increasing the lifetime or energy efficiency of a wireless sensor network. Unlike the other two schemes, the load balancing scheme reconfigures the network topology to ensure that the sensor nodes have a uniform load during the data transmission period.

In this connection, in Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2006-0068203 (entitled "Data Transmission Path Determination Device and Method for Inter-Node Data Balancing"), an energy value of an intermediate node and data of another sensor node are transmitted It is possible to solve the energy unbalance problem between the nodes due to the data transmission, to equally assign the data transmission opportunities to each node, and thereby to achieve the data balance in the network Discloses an apparatus and method for determining a data transmission path.

In addition, various methods for applying the node switching method have been proposed to guarantee the energy balance of the wireless center network. However, the conventional load balancing schemes are a method of performing node switching from a parent node to be switched or randomly selecting a node to be switched. As a result, problems such as path collision and data collection delay can not be considered when switching nodes.

An embodiment of the present invention seeks to provide a back tracking switching device and method for increasing the lifetime of a tree-based wireless sensor network and minimizing a runtime required for routing.

It should be understood, however, that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described technical problems, and other technical problems may exist.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a back tracking switching apparatus for a wireless sensor network, including a load value for each of a plurality of sensor nodes and a load value on a path from each sensor node to a root node A load detector for detecting a path load value; A switching node selector for setting a child node of the maximum load node having the largest load value among the plurality of sensor nodes as a switchable node; Processing the first virtual switching to a sensor node other than the original parent node for each of the switchable nodes, and before and after the first virtual switching to a maximum path load value having the largest value among the path load values for each path And determining the other sensor node as a candidate parent node according to a result of the comparison; And wherein if there is at least one second virtual switch that each switchable node is capable of performing for the candidate parent node, then based on each of the maximum path load values after processing the at least one second virtual switch, A switching path setting unit for selecting any one or two or more combinations of the at least one second virtual switching; And a switching control unit for actually switching the switchable node to the candidate parent node so as to correspond to a second virtual switch according to any one or two or more combinations selected.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a back tracking switching method using a back tracking switching device of a tree structure wireless sensor network. The back tracking switching method includes a step of detecting a load value for each of a plurality of sensor nodes, Detecting a load value; Setting a child node of a maximum load node having the largest load value among the plurality of sensor nodes as a switchable node; Performing a first virtual switching process for each of the switchable nodes to a sensor node other than the original parent node; Comparing before and after the first virtual switching based on the largest path load value among the path load values by the path; Determining the other sensor node as a candidate parent node according to the comparison result; Processing the at least one second virtual switching if there is at least one second virtual switch that each switchable node is capable of performing for the candidate parent node; Selecting one or more combinations of the at least one second virtual switching based on each of the maximum path load values after processing the at least one second virtual switching; And actually switching the switchable node to the candidate parent node to correspond to a second virtual switch according to the selected one or a combination of two or more.

According to any one of the above-mentioned objects of the present invention, it is possible to maximize the service life of the network by dispersing loads of nodes having a large load in the wireless sensor network.

In addition, according to any one of the tasks of the present invention, the most efficient load balancing path can be selected by selecting the switching target parent node through the back tracking switching algorithm from the child node to the parent node.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a back tracking switching device of a wireless sensor network in a tree structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
2 to 5 are views showing an example of a tree structure wireless sensor network for explaining a back tracking switching scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a back tracking switching method of a tree structure wireless sensor network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by like reference characters throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" to another part, it includes not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" with another part in between . Also, when an element is referred to as "comprising ", it means that it can include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a back tracking switching device of a wireless sensor network in a tree structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

A wireless sensor network to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied is based on a tree structure. That is, a plurality of sensor nodes included in the wireless sensor network have a tree-like hierarchical structure. At this time, a plurality of sensor nodes can be divided into a plurality of levels from a root node (root node) to a leaf node (last node). In a network of a tree structure, a parent node is a sensor node that transmits (or transmits) data to itself, and a child node is a sensor node to which data is to be transmitted (or transmitted) May refer to a child node of its own child node. In addition, a sibling node means a sensor node having the same parent node, and a sensor node at the same level means a sensor node having the same number of nodes visited from the root node.

The back tracking switching device 100 of the tree structure wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention to be described below is included as a separate node (for example, sink node) in the wireless sensor network, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > and / or < / RTI > In addition, the backtracking switching device 100 may be implemented in one or more sensor nodes in the wireless sensor network itself.

In addition, the term 'switching' used herein will be used to switch a connection between sensor nodes. In one embodiment of the present invention, a sensor node is connected from a current parent node to another sensor node (i.e., a new parent node) . ≪ / RTI >

1, a back tracking switching apparatus 100 of a tree structure wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a load detecting unit 110, a switching node selecting unit 120, a parent node determining unit 130 A switching path setting unit 140, and a switching control unit 150.

The load detecting unit 110 detects a load value for each of a plurality of sensor nodes included in the wireless sensor network. Then, based on the detected load value, the load detection unit 110 detects a path load value that is the largest load value on the route from the sensor node to the root node.

For reference, the load of each sensor node can be detected as a ratio between the energy required to process (i.e., transmit and receive) the packet and the residual energy.

The path load is the maximum value of the load on the path from the current sensor node to the root node. In a wireless sensor network of a tree structure, a plurality of paths may exist according to a link connection between sensor nodes, and a path load value is set for each path. That is, the path load value corresponding to the path belonging to each sensor node is matched.

The load detecting unit 110 matches the currently detected load value and the path load value to the corresponding sensor node and stores the detected load value and the path load value to the parent node determining unit 130 and the switching path setting unit 140. The stored load values and path load values of the sensor nodes stored as described above are used as reference information to be compared with the results of switching (hereinafter referred to as "virtual switching") to be performed by the sensor node do. The load detecting unit 110 detects the load value and the path load value for each sensor node after the virtual switching to be described below and provides the same to the parent node determining unit 130 and the switching path setting unit 140.

The switching node selector 120 compares the load values of all the parent nodes having child nodes except the root node among the plurality of sensor nodes. The switching node selection unit 120 sets a child node of the full load node as a switchable node. That is, in order to maximize the lifetime of the wireless sensor network, a node that needs to distribute the load may be selected as the maximum load node, and the child node may be switched to another sensor node.

At this time, the switching node selector 120 may set one or more maximum load nodes. That is, when there are two or more sensor nodes having a maximum load value, two or more maximum load nodes can be set. It is also possible to set sensor nodes having a load value within a predetermined reference range as the maximum load node from the maximum load value. For example, all of the sensor nodes from the largest load value to the set order or load value can be set as the maximum load node.

Also, the switching node selector 120 may reset the child node as a switchable node when the corresponding sensor node does not have an object to switch after selecting the child node of the full load node as the switchable node. For example, if there is no same level or sibling node as the full load node among the plurality of sensor nodes, the grandchild node of the full load node can be reset as a switchable node.

The parent node determination unit 130 assumes switching to a sensor node other than the original parent node for each switchable node and estimates the result after processing the assumed switching. That is, the parent node determination unit 130 handles the virtual switching of the switchable node to the switchable potential parent node. At this time, the parent node determination unit 130 may select a potential parent node from among nodes or siblings of the same level as the original parent node of the switchable node.

Then, the parent node determination unit 130 determines whether or not the switchable node is the candidate parent node, based on the previous maximum path load value of the virtual switching and the subsequent maximum path load value, . In this case, the maximum path load value means a path load value having the largest value among the path load values of all the paths. In addition, the minimum path load value means a path load value having the smallest value among the path load values per path.

Specifically, the parent node determination unit 130 processes the determination of the candidate parent node using the maximum path load values of all existing paths. At this time, the parent node determination unit 130 compares the switchable nodes before and after the switchover of the switchable node to the potential parent node based on the respective maximum path load values. The parent node determination unit 130 determines the potential parent node as the candidate parent node when the difference between the maximum path load value after the virtual switching or the difference between the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value is less than or equal to the value before the virtual switching. In addition, the parent node determination unit 130 may select another potential parent or maintain the previous path state if the result after the virtual switching for any one potential parent node has a value larger than the previous result.

The switching path setting unit 140 processes the virtual switching to the candidate parent node for each switchable node when at least one switchable node exists in the candidate parent node. Then, the switching path setting unit 140 selects the candidate parent node to actually switch the switchable node based on the maximum path load value after the virtual switching to the candidate parent node of each of the switchable nodes.

Specifically, the switching path setting unit 140 compares the results of the virtual switching individually of the switchable nodes one by one and the results of the virtual switching based on the combination of two or more switchable nodes.

At this time, the switching path setting unit 140 detects the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value in the case of individually virtual switching the switchable nodes, and when processing the virtual switches according to the combination of two or more switchable nodes. do. The switching path setting unit 140 selects a case of virtual switching in which the difference between the maximum path load value or the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value is the smallest. That is, the switching path setting unit 140 can select a case of a virtual switching or a combination of two or more virtual switching. At this time, the combination of two or more virtual switching means all cases of selectively switching two or more of all the switchable nodes, and the case of simultaneously selecting all of the switchable nodes is also included. Also, two or more virtual switches can be processed simultaneously in parallel.

The switching control unit 150 actually switches the switchable node to the candidate parent node corresponding to the case of the virtual switching set through the switching path setting unit 140 (i.e., any one or two or more combinations). Accordingly, one or more switchable nodes actually switch to one of its candidate parent nodes.

At this time, the switching controller 150 transmits switching information including the current load value, the current path load value, the identification information of the current parent node, the identification information of the candidate parent node, the target load value and the target path load value for each switchable node do. Thus, the switchable node performs the actual switching from the current parent node to the candidate parent node based on the received switching information.

For reference, the identification information of the candidate parent node, the target load value and the target path load value among the switching information are reset after the actual switching.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, the operation of the back tracking switching device 100 of the tree structure wireless sensor network described in FIG. 1 for controlling the switching of the sensor nodes through the back tracking switching will be described in detail.

2 to 5 are views showing an example of a tree structure wireless sensor network for explaining a back tracking switching method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 to 5 show a plurality of sensor nodes constituted by a tree structure as at least a part of the wireless sensor network, and each sensor node is represented by numbers ranging from "0" as a root node to "9" and "10" Respectively. Also, the load value and path load value ( ? I ,? I ) of each sensor node are indicated and the change of the value is illustrated so as to be easy to understand. In FIGS. 2 to 5, a solid line connecting each node means an actual link, and a dotted line means an expected link capable of routing.

In FIG. 2, paths of a plurality of sensor nodes before switching back tracking are shown. That is, FIG. 2 shows the current path and the load of each sensor node before the load is dispersed through the back tracking switching.

2, the maximum load node P10 having the maximum load value among the remaining parent nodes except the root node 0 is the sensor node 5. At this time, the load value and the path load value of the sensor node 5 are (18, 18). Accordingly, the sensor nodes 7 and 8, which are the child nodes of the sensor node 5 which is the maximum load node, can be determined as the switchable node.

As described above, the sensor nodes 7 and 8, which are switchable nodes, respectively have the sensor nodes 4 and 6 as potential parent nodes P11 and P12. In this example, the sensor nodes 4 and 6 as the candidate parent nodes of the sensor nodes 7 and 8 Each set will be described as an example. However, as described above, a plurality of potential parent nodes may exist for each switchable node, and one or more candidate parent nodes may be determined for each of the switchable nodes. have.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, the case where the switchable node is virtually switched to the candidate parent node individually is shown. That is, in FIG. 3, the sensor node 7 is virtually switched to the sensor node 4, and in FIG. 4, the sensor node 8 is virtually switched to the sensor node 6.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the sensor node 7 is virtually switched to the sensor node 4, the maximum path load value before and after the virtual switching is reduced from '18' to '11'. In addition, the minimum path load value was changed from '5' to '7', and the difference between the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value was reduced from '18 -5 'to '11 -7'. That is, it can be seen that the difference between the maximum path load value and the maximum / minimum path load value of the network is reduced by virtually switching the sensor node 7 to the sensor node 4. 3, it can be seen that the maximum load node P10 having the maximum load value has been changed from the sensor node 5 to the sensor node 1 as a result of the virtual switching.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the sensor node 8 is virtually switched to the sensor node 6, the maximum path load value before and after the virtual switching is decreased from '18' to '14'. In addition, the minimum path load value was maintained from '5' to '5', and the difference between the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value was reduced from '18 -5 'to '14 -5'. That is, as the sensor node 8 is virtually switched to the sensor node 6, the difference between the maximum path load value and the maximum / minimum path load value of the network is reduced.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the sensor nodes 7 and 8 are virtually switched to the sensor nodes 4 and 6 simultaneously, the maximum path load value before and after the virtual switching is reduced from '18' to '11' . Also, the minimum path load value was changed from '5' to '7', and the difference between the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value was changed from '18 -5 'to '11 -7'. That is, it can be seen that the difference between the maximum path load value and the maximum / minimum path load value of the network is reduced in the same manner as the result of virtual switching of the sensor node 7 to the sensor node 4.

As described above, when all of the results of the virtual switching of the switchable nodes and the virtual switching results of the switchable nodes at the same time in parallel are compared, only the sensor node 7 is switched ('first case') and the sensor node 7 and 8 are virtual switching together ('second case') is the same, and when the sensor node 8 is only virtually switched ('third case'), the results are inefficient. Thus, the virtual switching first case and the second case are selected as virtual switching to handle the actual switching.

As described above, in Figs. 2 to 5, by exemplifying two switchable nodes, only the case of virtually switching each of the two switchable nodes and both of them has been described. However, as described above, when there are a plurality of switchable nodes, it is also possible to process the virtual switching by selectively combining two or more switchable nodes. That is, assuming that there is a switchable node from node 1 to node 3, the node 1, node 2, node 3, nodes 1 and 2, nodes 1 and 3, nodes 2 and 3, The virtual switching case can be handled.

Hereinafter, a back tracking switching method through a back tracking switching device of a tree structure wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a back tracking switching method of a tree structure wireless sensor network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

First, a load value and a path load value are detected for each of a plurality of sensor nodes (S610).

Then, the maximum load node is detected, and the child node of the maximum load node is set as a switchable node (S620).

At this time, if there is no other sensor node in which the child node of the full load node is switchable, the grandchild node of the full load node can be set as the switchable node.

Next, virtual switching to the potential parent node is performed for each switchable node (S630).

The potential parent node may be a sensor node other than the original parent node (i.e., the current parent node) of the switchable node, and may be a node or sibling node at the same level as the original parent node.

Next, before and after the virtual switching are compared based on the maximum path load value (S640).

Next, the potential parent node is determined as a candidate parent node according to the comparison result (S650).

At this time, when the difference between the maximum path load value after the virtual switching or the difference value between the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value is less than that before the virtual switching, the potential parent node corresponding to the virtual switching is determined as the candidate parent node do.

Next, if there is a candidate parent node, at least one switchable node processes the virtual switching to the candidate parent node for each switchable node (S660).

Then, in step S670, the result of the virtual switches in step S660 for each switchable node is compared based on the maximum path load value.

At this time, the results obtained by virtually switching the switchable nodes one by one and the results obtained by performing virtual switching processing of two or more combinations of the switchable nodes in parallel are compared with each other.

Next, in step S680, virtual switching according to one or more combinations to be applied to actual switching is selected according to a result of comparing virtual switches in step S670.

At this time, among the cases where the switchable nodes are individually virtual-switched and the switchable nodes according to two or more combinations are virtual-switched in parallel, the difference between the maximum path load value or the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value is Select the case of virtual switching with a small value.

Then, the switchable node is actually switched to the candidate parent node corresponding to the selected virtual switching (S690).

Embodiments of the present invention may also be embodied in the form of a recording medium including instructions executable by a computer, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Computer readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. The computer readable medium may also include both computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Communication media typically includes any information delivery media, including computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave, or other transport mechanism.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only and that those of ordinary skill in the art can readily understand that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. will be. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention do.

100: a back tracking switching device 110:
120: switching node selection unit 130: parent node determination unit
140: switching path setting unit 150: switching control unit

Claims (12)

A back tracking switching apparatus for a tree structure wireless sensor network,
A load detector for detecting a load value for each of a plurality of sensor nodes and a path load value which is the largest load value on a path from each sensor node to a root node;
A switching node selector for setting a child node of the maximum load node having the largest load value among the plurality of sensor nodes as a switchable node;
Processing the first virtual switching to a sensor node other than the original parent node for each of the switchable nodes, and before and after the first virtual switching to a maximum path load value having the largest value among the path load values for each path And determining the other sensor node as a candidate parent node according to a result of the comparison;
And wherein if there is at least one second virtual switch that each switchable node is capable of performing for the candidate parent node, then based on each of the maximum path load values after processing the at least one second virtual switch, A switching path setting unit for selecting any one or two or more combinations of the at least one second virtual switching; And
And a switching controller for actually switching the switchable node to the candidate parent node so as to correspond to a second virtual switch according to the selected one or a combination of two or more of the selected switches. The method according to claim 1,
The parent node determination unit determines,
When the difference between the maximum path load value after the first virtual switching or the difference between the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value is less than the value before the first virtual switching, the other sensor node is determined as the candidate parent node ,
The minimum path load value is a value
And a path load value that is the smallest among the path load values for the respective paths. 3. The method of claim 2,
The parent node determination unit determines,
Wherein the other sensor node is selected from nodes or siblings of the same level as the original parent node of the switchable node. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the switching node selection unit comprises:
And reset the grandchild node of the full load node to the switchable node if there is no same level or sibling node with the full load node. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the switching-
Comparing the processing results of the at least one second virtual switching and the processing results of at least two combinations,
Selecting a second virtual switching based on the one or more combinations of the maximum path load value or the difference value between the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value as a result of the comparison,
The minimum path load value is a value
Wherein the path load value is the smallest path load value among the path load values of the tree-based wireless sensor network. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the switching control unit comprises:
And switching information including a current load value, a current path load value, identification information of a current parent node, identification information of a candidate parent node, a target load value, and a target path load value is transmitted and stored for each switchable node,
Wherein the switchable node performs the actual switching in accordance with the switching information,
Wherein the identification information of the candidate parent node, the target load value and the target path load value among the switching information are reset after the actual switching. A back tracking switching method using a back tracking switching device of a tree structure wireless sensor network,
Detecting a load value for each of a plurality of sensor nodes and a path load value that is the largest load value on a path from each sensor node to a root node;
Setting a child node of a maximum load node having the largest load value among the plurality of sensor nodes as a switchable node;
Performing a first virtual switching process for each of the switchable nodes to a sensor node other than the original parent node;
Comparing before and after the first virtual switching based on the largest path load value among the path load values by the path;
Determining the other sensor node as a candidate parent node according to the comparison result;
Processing the at least one second virtual switching if there is at least one second virtual switch that each switchable node is capable of performing for the candidate parent node;
Selecting one or more combinations of the at least one second virtual switching based on each of the maximum path load values after processing the at least one second virtual switching; And
Switching the switchable node to the candidate parent node to correspond to a second virtual switch in accordance with any one or more combinations of the selected ones. 8. The method of claim 7,
The step of determining the other sensor node as a candidate parent node comprises:
When the difference between the maximum path load value after the first virtual switching or the difference value between the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value is less than the value before the first virtual switching, the other sensor node is determined as the candidate parent node ,
The minimum path load value is a value
Wherein the path load value is the smallest path load value among the path load values for the respective paths. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the processing of the first virtual switching comprises:
And selecting the other sensor node among nodes or siblings of the same level as the original parent node of the switchable node. 8. The method of claim 7,
After setting the switchable node,
And resetting the grandchild node of the full load node to the switchable node if there is no same level or sibling node with the full load node. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein selecting one or more combinations of the at least one second virtual switching comprises:
Comparing the processing results of the at least one second virtual switching and the processing results according to two or more combinations; And
Selecting a second virtual switching based on the one or more combinations of the maximum path load value or the smallest difference value between the maximum path load value and the minimum path load value as a result of the comparison,
The minimum path load value is a value
Wherein the path load value of the tree based wireless sensor network is the smallest path load value among the path load values by the path. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the actively switching the switchable node to the candidate parent node comprises:
Wherein the switching information includes a current load value, a current path load value, identification information of a current parent node, identification information of a candidate parent node, a target load value, and a target path load value for each switchable node,
Wherein the switchable node performs the actual switching in accordance with the switching information,
Wherein the identification information of the candidate parent node, the target load value and the target path load value among the switching information are reset after the actual switching.
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