KR101646731B1 - experiment apparatus for design of a condensation heat exchanger with vertical tube bundles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a condensation heat transmission experiment apparatus for the design of a condensation heat exchanger with vertical tube bundles. The condensation heat transmission experiment apparatus may include a steam generator which heats internal water and generates steam; a simulation containment vessel to which the steam is inputted when injecting a quantity of air to the inside; condensation pipe bundles which condensates the steam by vertically separating and installing condensation pipes by a preset distance in the simulation containment vessel and supplying cooling water into the condensation pipe; and a water tank which is installed between the steam generator and the simulation containment vessel and supplies the cooling water to the condensation pipe.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a condensation heat transfer apparatus for designing a vertical heat exchanger type condensing heat exchanger,

The present invention relates to a condensation heat transfer apparatus for designing a condensed heat exchanger in the form of a vertically arranged heat transfer tube, and more particularly, to a condensation heat transfer apparatus for a condensed heat transfer apparatus, The present invention relates to a condensation heat transfer apparatus for designing a condensed heat exchanger of a vertical arrangement type heat exchanger in which the effect of the vertical arrangement heat exchanger on the condensation heat transfer according to the interval,

After the Fukushima nuclear accident in which the cooling function of the reactor has been lost for a long time due to the interruption of the external power supply caused by the Great Northeast Japan Earthquake and the tsunami, and the large amount of radioactive material has been released to the outside, the importance of mitigation of reactor accident due to containment safety is important It became an issue.

The passive containment vessel cooling system is a passive safety system that removes the energy released to the containment vessel through condensation heat transfer in the event of an accident such as a loss of coolant or breakage of main engine, and maintains the integrity of the nuclear power plant. In a Korean nuclear power plant adopting a concrete containment vessel, a heat exchanger consisting of a bundle of separate vertical tubes is installed in the containment vessel and a cooling water tank is installed outside the containment vessel to cool the containment vessel by natural circulation .

Atmospheric pressure air exists in the containment vessel, so that the steam released from the reactor coolant system during a reactor accident is mixed with the air in the containment vessel to form a gas mixture. In addition, if core cooling fails, the cover material surrounding the nuclear fuel reacts with high-temperature steam, and hydrogen, which is a combustible gas, is produced and accumulated in the upper part of the containment vessel.

In the inside of the containment vessel, steam is discharged from the lower part and condensed and cooled on the outer wall of the condensation tube of the upper driven containment vessel cooling system to form a natural circulation flow of the gas mixture. When non-condensable gases such as air or hydrogen are mixed with steam, they accumulate in high fractions around the condensation tube and act as a large heat resistance to reduce condensation heat transfer.

Experimental studies on conventional condensation heat transfer have focused on the condensation that occurs in the inner wall of the vertical tube and the condensation that occurs on the inner and outer walls of the horizontal tube. On the other hand, experimental equipment in which the vapor-air mixture is condensed on the vertical or angled condensing tube surface, such as the condenser tube of the floating containment vessel cooling system, is found to be very limited.

In the conventional experimental devices, steam was generated by evaporating water using a heater in the bottom of a long cylindrical pressure vessel. Cooling water was injected into the vertical cooling tube in the pressure vessel to form a cool outer wall temperature condition. The steam generated in the lower part of the pressure vessel is mixed with the non-condensing gas present in the upper part or injected from the outside to form a gas mixture, and the inside of the pressure vessel is spontaneously circulated. The vapor of the gas mixture condenses on the outer wall of the cold condenser tube to form a liquid film, which flows down the condenser tube by gravity and is collected under the pressure vessel. The amount of steam generated in the pressure vessel is balanced with the amount of the steam that is phase-changed by condensing on the outer wall of the condenser tube, so that the condition inside the pressure vessel forms a steady state.

In the conventional experimental apparatus, there is no visible window for observing the inner flow and liquid film on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, and a separate visualization technique can not be applied. In addition, stratification may occur within a long cylindrical pressure vessel due to the different densities of steam and non-condensable gases. For this reason, in the existing experimental apparatus, it seems that the data were collected without maintaining the internal conditions of the pressure vessel in which the natural convection of the gas mixture occurs uniformly. In most experiments, the experimental conditions for the distribution of the internal gas mixture were accurately I did not grasp. Data collected under these conditions have the disadvantage of neglecting the effect of local distribution of gas in deriving mean heat transfer coefficient.

The variables that have a significant effect on the condensation heat transfer on the outer wall of the vertical condensation tube are the temperature difference between the wall of the condensation tube and the simulated containment vessel. In the conventional experimental apparatus, not only the outer wall temperature of the condensing tube was effectively controlled but also the isothermal condition was not maintained due to the difference in the outer wall temperature depending on the height.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0137083 (December 22, 2011)

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for measuring the condensation heat transfer phenomenon occurring in a vertically arranged condensation heat exchanger, and a condensation tube is formed in the shape of a bundle so that the effect on the condensation heat transfer of the vertically arranged condensation heat exchanger And to provide a condensation heat transfer experiment device for designing a vertical heat transfer tube type condensation heat exchanger.

In addition, the present invention forms a uniform wall temperature condition in producing the heat transfer data necessary for the thermal hydraulic analysis and performance evaluation of the vertical arrangement heat exchanger, and obtains the accurate condensation heat transfer coefficient by grasping the local distribution of the gas mixture in the pressure vessel And to provide a condensation heat transfer test apparatus for designing a vertical heat transfer pipe type condensing heat exchanger.

In addition, the present invention can control the amount of steam generated by providing a separate steam generator outside the simulated containment vessel to control the effect of the flow conditions of the gas mixture on the condensation heat transfer and the influence of the shape conditions such as the interval and angle of the condensation tube bundle And to provide a condensation heat transfer experiment apparatus for designing a condensed heat exchanger of a vertically arranged heat transfer pipe type.

The present invention also provides a condensation heat transfer apparatus for designing a condensing heat exchanger in the form of a vertical heat transfer tube capable of flowing a gas mixture and visualizing a liquid film on the surface of a condensation tube.

In addition, the present invention provides a condensation heat transfer experiment device for designing a condensed heat exchanger in the form of a vertically arranged heat transfer pipe which can optimize the constituent parts constituting the experimental apparatus to be densely constructed, .

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for testing condensation heat transfer for designing a vertical heat transfer pipe type condensing heat exchanger according to the present invention includes: a steam generator for generating steam by heating water therein; A simulated containment vessel in which the steam is introduced into the vessel with a predetermined amount of air injected therein; A plurality of condensing tubes vertically installed at predetermined intervals in the inside of the simulated containment vessel, a condensing tube bundle for allowing the cooling water to flow into the condensing tube to condense the steam; And a water tank installed between the steam generator and the storage container to supply cooling water to the condensation pipe.

And a recirculation pump installed between the steam generator and the simulated containment vessel for recirculating the condensate generated on the surface of the condensation tube bundle to the steam generator.

The upper and lower portions of the bundle of condensing tubes may be supported through a condensation tube support plate installed inside the simulated containment vessel.

An angle adjusting frame for adjusting the angle by rotating one end of the bundle of condensing tubes is installed in the inside of the simulated containment vessel. The angle adjusting frame includes a plate engaging portion to which an edge of the condensing tube supporting plate is engaged; And guide portions extending from both sides of the plate coupling portion and having curved guide slots.

The frame support member installed on the inner wall of the simulated containment vessel may be inserted into the guide slot so that the condensation tube support plate can reciprocate along the guide slot.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the condensation heat transfer phenomenon occurring in the vertically arranged condensing heat exchanger is formed into a bundle shape in the experiment, so that the condensation heat transfer of the vertically arranged condensation heat exchanger is performed according to the interval, In addition, it is possible to identify the effect of the condensation on the wall surface temperature uniformly, and to understand the local distribution of the gas mixture in the test section, Can be measured.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the influence of the gap and the inclination between the condensing tubes on the condensation heat transfer by using the condensing tube bundle, unlike the existing apparatuses, is additionally grasped and the natural circulation condition of the inner steam- The condensation heat transfer coefficient can be measured.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to generate steam in the simulated containment vessel or supply steam to the outside, and to control the output of each heat exchanger according to the purpose of the experiment to supply the simulated containment vessel with a high- And to select the direction of steam inflow.

Also, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate of the cooling water in the condensing tube can be controlled by the individual valve, so that the temperature rise amount of each condensing tube can be controlled. Therefore, the temperature distribution in the axial direction of the outer wall of the condensing tube can be maintained as uniform as possible, and a supercooled condition can be formed.

Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the constituent parts constituting the experimental apparatus are optimized and compactly constituted, whereby the facility space and the material required for the production can be effectively reduced.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a condensation heat transfer experimental apparatus for designing a vertical heat transfer pipe type condensing heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
2 is a perspective view showing the interior of the simulated containment vessel.
3 is a plan view of the angle adjusting frame.
4 is a front view of the angle adjusting frame.
5 is a front view showing that the condensation tube bundle is supported on the condensation tube support plate.
Figure 6 is a plan view of the condensation tube support plate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention is capable of various modifications and various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprises", "having", and the like are used to specify that a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a condensation heat transfer apparatus for designing a condensing heat exchanger in the form of a vertically aligned heat transfer tube according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, Elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a condensation heat transfer test apparatus for designing a condensed heat exchanger in the form of a vertical heat transfer pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the inside of a simulated containment vessel.

As shown therein, a steam generator 10 for heating water to generate steam; A simulated containment vessel (20) in which the steam is introduced into the vessel with a predetermined amount of air injected therein; A condensation tube bundle (23) for vertically installing a plurality of condensation tubes in the interior of the simulated containment vessel (20) at predetermined intervals, and for allowing cooling water to flow into the condensation tube to condense the steam; And a water tank (50) for supplying cooling water to the condensing pipe (24) between the steam generator (10) and the simulated containment vessel (20).

The steam generator (10) serves to heat the internal water to produce steam and supply it to the simulated containment vessel (20). A plurality of electric heaters 12 are installed in the lower portion of the steam generator 10 to perform steam production and pressurization. The capacity of the electric heater 12 is determined on the basis of the maximum value of heat in the simulated containment vessel 20 to be achieved. The electric heater 12 also functions to degas the dissolved gas dissolved in the water in the steam generator 10 before the full condensation heat transfer test.

A safety valve (not shown) is provided at the upper end of the steam generator 10 to automatically open the steam generator 10 when the pressure of the steam generator 10 rises above a preset value, thereby releasing steam therein to reduce the pressure of the system. A relief valve 14 is provided at the upper end of the steam generator 10 to remove air inside the steam generator 10 or to release steam therein to reduce the pressure of the steam generator 10.

A vaporizer (not shown) is installed in the steam generator 10 to remove the vapor and supply the saturated vapor to the simulated containment vessel 20 because the vapor produced by heating the water by the heater 12 contains some liquid droplets. And a steam dryer (not shown) are installed. The water separator uses the centrifugal force to dislodge the droplet, and the steam drier is composed of vanes that make a zigzag-like flow path, so that a droplet of relatively greater density than steam can collide against the wall and collect back downwards .

A pipe for supplying water or removing water inside the steam generator 10 is installed in the lower portion of the steam generator 10. When water is supplied, the water supply valve is opened to supply water from the external water source, and when the water is drained, the water discharge valve is opened to discharge the water inside the steam generator (10).

Although not specifically shown in FIG. 1, various types of meters may be installed for proper operation of the steam generator 10. Since the electric heater 12 should never be exposed to the outside of the water, a water level can be measured by installing a differential pressure gauge. In addition, a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the steam generator 10 and a thermocouple for measuring the steam temperature in the steam generator 10 may be installed. The signal of the differential pressure meter is interlocked with the power supply of the electric heater 12 so that the power supply can be automatically cut off when the water level of the steam generator 10 falls below the set value.

A mass flow meter 16 is installed in the piping leading from the steam generator 10 to the simulated containment vessel 20 to precisely measure the flow rate of the steam produced in the steam generator 10. A thermocouple (not shown) may be provided between the mass flow meter 16 and the simulated containment vessel 20 to check the state of the vapor before it is supplied to the simulated containment vessel 20. In addition, a gate valve (not shown) is provided at the rear end of the measuring instruments to control the supplied steam flow rate.

The simulated containment vessel 20 is a large-scale experimental apparatus for simulating the conditions of the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant and the PCCS of the driven containment vessel cooling system (vertical arrayed condensation heat exchanger) The steam is continuously supplied to produce condensed heat transfer data. That is, the air in the simulated containment vessel 20 is mixed with the steam to form a gas mixture, and a natural circulation flow is generated by the buoyancy generated by the temperature difference, so that the gas mixture flows into the condensation tube bundle 23 ). The flow rate of the steam supplied to the simulated containment vessel (20) can be controlled by adjusting the output of the electric heater (12).

In this embodiment, a total of six visible windows 22 are provided in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction for the flow of the inner gas mixture and the visualization of the outer wall liquid film of the heat transfer pipe on the wall surface of the simulated containment vessel 20. Since the inside of the test section is filled with high-temperature and high-pressure steam, the visible window 22 is made of tempered glass.

2, a condensation tube bundle 23 composed of a plurality of condensation tubes 24 is provided in the center of the inside of the simulated containment vessel 20, and cool cooling water is flowed into each of the condensation tubes 24 The condensation phenomenon can be simulated by keeping the temperature of the outer wall of the main condensing pipe 24 lower than the temperature of the steam. In this embodiment, the condensing tube 24 may be formed in the form of a bundle so that the experiment can be performed under various conditions by adjusting the interval, arrangement, and tilt of each of the condensing tubes 24.

The condensation tube bundle 23 is installed vertically in the interior of the simulated containment vessel 20, and the condensation tubes 24 are arranged at a predetermined interval such that a plurality of the condensation tubes 24 are circular in shape. Although not specifically shown in the drawings, the upper and lower ends of the condenser tubes 24 are configured to extend to the side of the simulated containment vessel 20 and to be connected to the piping.

Here, a frame supporting member 26 is provided on the inner wall of the simulated containment vessel 20. The frame support members 26 are formed in a total of four, and a pair of the frame support members 26 are installed at upper and lower portions to support the angle adjusting frame 30. The frame supporting members 26 are installed so as to extend in the direction in which the pair of the frame supporting members 26 face each other on the inner wall of the simulated containment vessel 20 and the angle adjusting frame 30 is coupled between the pair of frame supporting members 26.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the angle adjusting frame, and Fig. 4 is a front view of the angle adjusting frame.

The angle adjusting frame 30 supports the condensation tube support plate 40 and adjusts the angle (inclination) by rotating one end of the condensation tube bundle 23 for various experimental conditions. To this end, the angle adjusting frame 30 includes a plate engaging portion 32 to which an edge of the condensing tube supporting plate 40 is coupled; And guide portions 34 extending from both sides of the plate engaging portion 32 and having curved guide slots 36 formed therein.

The plate coupling portion 32 is formed in a substantially ring shape, and a condensation tube support plate 40 is coupled to the inside of the plate coupling portion 32. To this end, four portions of the plate coupling portion 32 are provided with first coupling portions 38 for coupling with the condensation tube support plate 40, respectively. The first coupling piece 38 is formed with a hole for fastening so that the condensation tube support plate 40 can be coupled by the fastener.

The guide portions 34 are formed on both sides of the plate engaging portion 32 in a long plate shape, and curved guide slots 36 are formed. The guide slot 36 is formed to form a gentle curve and the guide slot 36 is inserted with the tip of the frame support member 26 to guide the condensation tube support plate 40 to make a curved reciprocating motion. Since the angle of the condensing tube bundle 23 can be adjusted along the guide slot 36, the operator can perform the condensation heat transfer test while tilting the condensing tube bundle 23 at a desired angle. On the other hand, the angle of the condensing tube bundle 23 can be set to be inclined by at most 20 degrees with respect to the vertical axis.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing that the condensation tube bundle is supported by the condensation tube support plate, and FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the condensation tube support plate.

Referring to this, the upper and lower ends of the condenser tube bundle 23 are supported by the condenser tube support plate 40. The condensation tube support plate 40 has a ring shape corresponding to the plate coupling portion 32 and has a shape in which a plurality of condensation tube penetration portions 42 through which the condensation tube 24 passes are disposed. The condensing tube penetrating part 42 is integrally connected by a plurality of connecting parts 44 and a second coupling part 46 is formed inside the edge of the condensing tube supporting plate 40 to be coupled with the first coupling part 38, Respectively.

In addition, a condensate tube stand 48 for receiving an unused condensation tube 24 may be provided on the inner wall of the simulated containment vessel 20.

The upper and lower ends of the condenser tube bundle 23 are fixed by the condenser tube support plate 40. The condenser tube support plate 40 can be formed into various shapes according to the interval and arrangement of the condenser tubes 24. [ have. For example, if the interval or arrangement of the condensation tubes 24 is set differently from that shown in FIG. 6, the corresponding condensation tube support plate 40 can be manufactured and the experiment can proceed. As a result, the condensation tube support plate 40 can be manufactured in various forms by freely changing the spacing of the condensation tubes 24, the arrangement of the condensation tubes in a hexagonal shape or a quadrangle shape, the size of the condensation tube diameter, 24 is changed, the entire experimental equipment is not replaced but only the condenser tube support plate 40 is replaced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost and facilitate the replacement work.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the simulated containment vessel 20 can be maintained in a steady state by providing heat and mass balances of the supplied steam, condensate condensed at the surface of the condensate tube 24, and condensate exiting through the recirculation system have. The condensate formed by condensing the steam in the condensing tube (24) is transferred to the steam generator (10) through a pipe installed in the lower part of the simulated containment vessel (20). A globe valve and a gate valve (not shown) may be installed in the recirculation piping of the condensate.

A pipe for supplying steam to the simulated containment vessel 20 is connected to the upper portion and the center (a plurality of bundle-connected portions in Fig. 1) of the simulated containment vessel 20 to supply the steam in both directions. Further, steam can be produced through the electric heater 18 provided at the lower portion of the simulated containment vessel 20. Therefore, this experimental system is able to inject steam in three directions and the effect of steam injection direction on condensation heat transfer can be seen.

Although not specifically shown in FIG. 1, various instruments may be installed for proper operation of the simulated containment vessel 20 and production of condensed heat transfer data. A pressure gauge is provided in the simulated containment vessel 20 to measure the pressure inside the simulated containment vessel 20. A plurality of thermocouples may be provided in the axial direction in the region where the vapor-air mixture exists in the simulated containment vessel 20, so that the temperature of the gas mixture and the mass fraction of the air can be measured. In addition, the temperature can be measured to calculate the heat flux at the wall surface of the condensing tube 24, in which an outer wall and an inner wall of the condensing tube 24 and a plurality of thermocouples in the axial direction Can be installed.

A rotating shaft 21 may be provided on both sides of the simulated containment vessel 20 to facilitate the installation, maintenance and replacement of the condensation tube 24. When the geometric shape condition of the condensing tube 24 is changed, such as by adjusting the interval and angle of the condensing tube 24, the constraint due to the narrow working space can be solved by working the tilted containment vessel 20 by tilting it.

The cooling system for supplying cold cooling water to the inside of the condensing pipe 24 is composed of a water tank 50, a main pump 52, and a heat exchanger 54.

The water tank 50 is a container for storing cooling water supplied to the simulated containment vessel 20. The main pump 52 provided at the rear end of the water tank 50 serves to supply the cooling water from the water tank 50 to the condensing pipe 24. In order to operate the main pump 52, an appropriate head must be maintained in the water tank 50. An inverter (not shown) is installed in the main pump 52 to finely adjust the supply flow rate of the cooling water. A gate valve (not shown) and a flow meter (not shown) for measuring the flow rate are provided at the rear end of the main pump 52 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling water supplied to each condensing pipe 24. The fluid in the cooling system is kept in a single phase liquid, so use a vortex flowmeter or an electronic flowmeter. Since the flow meters measure the volumetric flow rate of the flow, the density of the fluid is required for conversion to the mass flow rate, and a pressure gauge can be installed in the cooling system for its measurement.

A thermocouple (not shown) may be installed at the inlet and the outlet to measure the temperature change of the cooling water caused by the heat transfer generated in the condensing tube (24). By regulating the opening and closing of the valve provided at the downstream end of the thermocouple at the outlet of the condensing tube (24), a closed circuit of the cooling system is formed.

The condenser 60 is installed at the front end of the water tank 50 to cool the cooling water whose temperature has risen due to the heat transfer in the simulated containment vessel 20. [ The capacity of the heat exchanger (54) is determined by calculating the maximum heat transfer rate generated in the test section and having sufficient margin. The heat exchanger 54 uses cold water supplied from the cooling tower for the heat removal of the cooling water in the cooling system and can control the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger 54 by adjusting the supply flow rate. A thermocouple (not shown) for measuring the inlet temperature and a thermocouple (not shown) for measuring the outlet temperature may be provided at the front end and the rear end of the heat exchanger 54 for measuring the temperature of the cooling water.

The recirculation system is installed to preserve the water inventory of the experimental apparatus by recirculating the condensate produced at the surface of the condensing tube (24) to the steam generator (10). The recirculation system is installed between the simulated containment vessel 20 and the steam generator 10 and comprises a recirculation pump 70 and a valve or the like.

The recirculation pump 70 is installed between the lower portion of the simulated containment vessel 20 and the steam generator 10 and recirculates the condensate generated on the surface of the condensation tube 24 to the steam generator 10 to preserve the water inventory Role. An inverter (not shown) is installed in the recirculation pump 70 to enable fine adjustment of the flow rate of the cooling water. In addition, a thermocouple (not shown) may be installed at the inlet of the steam generator 10 to measure the inlet temperature when water is recirculated to the steam generator 10.

As described above, the components constituting the experimental apparatus according to the present invention are optimally arranged to minimize the space required for constructing the facility. The steam generator 10, the simulated containment vessel 20, the recirculation pump 70, and the like, which are the main components of the experimental apparatus, are connected to each other by piping so as to constitute a waste oil passage. The water tank 50, ) And the heat exchanger (54) are shared by two test units. The steam generator (10) is located outside the simulated containment (20) and shares the cooling system with other experimental devices so as to utilize the space efficiently. On the side surface of the simulated containment vessel (20), the cooling system and the main equipment of the recirculation system and the piping are arranged respectively.

In this way, the experimental apparatus can be compactly configured by efficiently arranging a plurality of apparatuses in a limited space. Accordingly, the space required for constructing the equipment is reduced, and the material used for manufacturing the experimental apparatus is also smaller. In addition, since the main apparatuses are located adjacent to each other during operation of the apparatus, it is very easy to observe the status of various apparatuses and monitor the apparatuses, and is very effective in safe operation of the apparatus and maintenance of appropriate performance.

Hereinafter, the experimental procedure for the condensed heat transfer experiment for the design of the vertical heat transfer pipe type condensing heat exchanger according to the present invention will be described in detail.

Vertical Array Condensation Heat Exchanger Condensation heat transfer makes the electrical equipment, measuring equipment, air supply equipment, etc. ready for operation in the condition that the purification of main equipment and piping is completed.

Water is sucked into the steam generator 10 for producing the steam and the cooling system for supplying the cooling water into the condensation pipe 24 of the simulated containment vessel 20. The upper end relief valve 14 is opened to suck water into the steam generator 10, and water is supplied from an external water source to a predetermined water level. At this time, even if the steam is produced for a long time, the steam heater 12 should be sufficiently filled to prevent the heater 12 from being exposed, and the water level should be lower than the steam dryer.

The water introduced into the steam generator (10) is heated by the electric heater (12) to generate steam. The generated steam is pressurized while filling the upper portion of the steam generator 10 and the mock containment vessel 20. The pressure and temperature of the steam generator 10 and the simulated containment vessel 20 increase with the accumulation of the steam and the pressure gauge and the thermocouple installed in the steam generator 10 and the pressure gauge installed in the simulated containment vessel 20, To check the pressure and temperature of each part in real time. At this time, in order to minimize the thermal stress of the steam generator 10, the simulated containment vessel 20 and the connecting pipe, the heating is performed within a predetermined temperature increase rate range. The temperature increase rate is controlled by adjusting the output of the electric heater 12. [

The air in the steam generator 10 and the simulated containment vessel 20 is released by opening the relief valve 19 of the simulated containment vessel 20 after the pressure of the system is pressurized to be higher than the atmospheric pressure And releases the non-condensable gas dissolved in water to the outside. The method of degassing the steam generator 10 and the simulated containment vessel 20 after pressurizing the steam generator 10 to a certain pressure is more effective and quicker than the method of continuously opening the relief valve 19 immediately after the start of the pressurization, have. Whether or not the gas remains in the experimental apparatus after deaeration for a sufficient time can be determined by checking whether the temperature of the steam coincides with the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure of the steam generator 10 and the pressure of the simulated containment vessel 20 have. When gas remains in the experimental apparatus, the temperature of the vapor is lower than the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure.

The condensate generated during the pressurization using the electric heater 12 of the steam generator 10 operates the recirculation pump 9 and recirculates it to the steam generator 10.

By controlling the inlet temperature and the flow rate of the cooling water supplied from the cooling system to the condenser pipe 24 of the simulated containment vessel 20 by the output of the electric heater 12 of the steam generator 10, . The flow rate of the cooling water is controlled to minimize the temperature change of the outer wall of the condensing tube according to the height (that is, to make the isothermal wall condition), and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the cooling water is kept within 10 ° C.

The pressure and temperature conditions of the simulated containment vessel (20) are maintained at a steady state at a set pressure to collect heat transfer data. Further, in order to maintain the experimental apparatus in a steady state, an overall heat balance is formed by controlling the output of the electric heater 12 of the steam generator 10 and the inlet temperature and the flow rate of the cooling water supplied to the condenser tube 24 of the test portion do. Next, data is stored from the data acquisition system when the pressure and temperature fluctuations remain below the set width for a sufficient time.

When the experiment on the simulated containment vessel 20 is completed, the operation of the electric heater 12 of the steam generator 10 is stopped, and the cooling water in the cooling system is continuously circulated to cool the experimental apparatus. The pressure and temperature of the steam generator (10) and the test section decrease while the amount of steam inside the experimental apparatus decreases. Since the steam generator 10 has no separate cooling facility, the temperature is lowered through natural cooling for a sufficient time.

In the experiment using the condensing heat transfer experimental apparatus of the present invention, when damage or leakage of piping and valves occurs, the output of the electric heater 12 of the steam generator 10 is cut off and the steam generator 10 is turned off, And the simulated containment vessel (20).

In order to explain the present experimental apparatus, the experiment for obtaining the condensed heat transfer coefficient data required for the analysis of the thermal hydraulic force and the performance evaluation of the vertical arrangement type condensation heat exchanger has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto, The present invention can also be applied to various experiments for analyzing the performance of the condenser (condenser tube 24).

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims It will be understood that the invention may be modified and varied without departing from the scope of the invention.

10: steam generator 12: electric heater
14: relief valve 16: mass flow meter
18: electric heater 20: simulated containment vessel
22: visible window 23: condensation tube bundle
24: condenser tube 26: frame supporting member
30: Angle adjusting frame 32: Plate engaging portion
34: guide portion 36: guide slot
38: first coupling piece 40: condensation tube support plate
42: condensation pipe penetration part 44: connection part
46: second coupling piece 48: condenser tube holder
50: water tank 52: main pump
54: heat exchanger 60: condenser
70: Recirculation pump

Claims (5)

A steam generator for generating steam by heating water inside;
A simulated containment vessel in which the steam is introduced into the vessel with a predetermined amount of air injected therein;
A plurality of condensing tubes vertically installed at predetermined intervals in the inside of the simulated containment vessel, a condensing tube bundle for allowing the cooling water to flow into the condensing tube to condense the steam; And
And a water tank installed between the steam generator and the simulated containment vessel to supply cooling water to the condensation tube,
Wherein the upper and lower portions of the bundle of condensing tubes are supported through a condensation tube support plate installed inside the simulated containment vessel, and the condensation heat transfer experiment apparatus for designing the condensation heat exchanger in the form of a vertically arranged heat transfer tube. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a recirculation pump installed between the steam generator and the simulated containment vessel for recirculating the condensate generated on the surface of the condensation tube bundle to the steam generator. Heat transfer experiment equipment. delete The method according to claim 1,
An angle adjusting frame for adjusting an angle by rotating one end of the bundle of condensing tubes is installed inside the simulated containment vessel.
Wherein the angle adjusting frame comprises:
A plate coupling portion to which an edge of the condensation tube support plate is coupled; And
And a guide portion extending from both sides of the plate coupling portion and having a curved guide slot. The apparatus for testing condensation heat transfer for designing a condensing heat exchanger in the form of a vertical heat transfer tube. 5. The method of claim 4,
And a frame supporting member installed on an inner wall of the simulated containment vessel is inserted into the guide slot so that the condensation tube support plate can reciprocate along the guide slot. Condensation heat transfer experiment device.

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