KR101636400B1 - Liquid crystal display panel - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is an alignment substrate capable of preventing an alignment error of an alignment film due to misalignment of a substrate when a substrate is bonded, a liquid crystal display panel including the alignment substrate, and a method of manufacturing an alignment substrate. The alignment substrate includes a base substrate on which a plurality of unit pixel regions are defined and an alignment film formed on the base substrate. The alignment layer has at least two sub-alignment portions for dividing the unit pixel region into at least two domains, and each sub-alignment portion is optically aligned so as to have different pretilt directions. Since a plurality of sub-alignment portions are formed on one substrate, it is possible to prevent an alignment error of the alignment layer due to misalignment that may occur when the substrates are bonded.

Description

[0001] LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY PANEL [0002]

The present invention relates to an alignment substrate, a liquid crystal display panel including the same, and a method of manufacturing an alignment substrate, and more particularly, to an alignment substrate capable of preventing an alignment error of a alignment layer due to miss- A liquid crystal display panel including the substrate, and a method of manufacturing the alignment substrate.

In general, a liquid crystal display panel includes a lower substrate on which pixel electrodes are formed, an upper substrate on which common electrodes are formed, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate. When a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode and the common electrode, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is changed, and the transmittance of light is adjusted to display an image.

A wide viewing angle in a liquid crystal display panel is one of the important factors that determine the quality of the liquid crystal display panel. A PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) mode or an SPVA (Super Patterned Vertical Alignment) mode in which one pixel is divided into several domains to drive a wide viewing angle has been developed. However, in the method of forming a multi-domain by forming a slit pattern or a projection pattern as described above, a separate process is required to form a slit pattern or a projection pattern, and a residual process or a stain occurs in the slit pattern or the projection pattern, There is a problem that it is reduced.

In recent years, a method using optical alignment has been developed to realize multi-domains without forming a slit pattern or a projection pattern. For example, an alignment film having different linear oblique directions is formed on each of the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and the substrates are attached to each other to align the alignment direction in the vector sum direction of the alignment direction formed on the upper substrate and the lower substrate. .

However, when a misalignment of the upper and lower substrates occurs when the upper substrate and the lower substrate are coupled, an error occurs in the alignment direction determined in the vector sum direction. Therefore, there is a need for an alignment film structure that can prevent errors in the alignment direction due to mis-alignment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an alignment substrate having a structure capable of preventing misalignment of alignment layers due to misalignment of upper and lower substrates.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display panel including the alignment substrate.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing the alignment substrate.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an alignment substrate including a base substrate on which a plurality of unit pixel regions are defined, and an alignment layer formed on the base substrate. The alignment layer has at least two sub-alignment portions for dividing the unit pixel region into at least two domains, and the sub-alignment portions are photo-aligned to have different pretilt directions.

In one embodiment, the line tilting directions of the at least two sub-orientations may be arranged to rotate clockwise. Alternatively, the line inclination directions of the at least two sub-orientations may be arranged to rotate counterclockwise.

In one embodiment, the line inclination direction of the sub-alignment portions may be oriented at 45 degrees or 135 degrees with respect to the first direction.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. Wherein the first substrate includes a first base substrate on which a plurality of unit pixel regions are defined, a pixel electrode formed on the first base substrate, and a plurality of pixel electrodes formed on the pixel electrode, Wherein the first alignment layer has two sub-alignment portions, and each of the sub-alignment portions includes a first alignment layer optically aligned to have different line inclination directions. The second substrate includes a second base substrate facing the first base substrate and a common electrode formed on the second base substrate.

In one embodiment, the second substrate may further include a second alignment layer formed on the common electrode. The second alignment layer may be vertically oriented.

In one embodiment, the line inclination direction of the sub-alignment portions may be oriented at 45 degrees or 135 degrees with respect to the first direction.

In one embodiment, the first substrate includes a gate line formed on the base substrate, a data line crossing the gate line insulated from the gate line, and a thin film transistor electrically connected to the gate line and the data line, . The first substrate may further include a passivation layer covering the thin film transistor and a color filter formed between the passivation layer and the pixel electrode. The first substrate may further include a light-shielding layer formed on the passivation layer and intercepting light.

In the method of manufacturing a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention for realizing the above-described present invention, a photoreactive material is formed on a base substrate on which a plurality of unit pixel regions are defined. Also, at least two sub-alignment portions having different pretilt directions to divide the unit pixel region into at least two domains through a photo alignment process for irradiating light to the photoreactive material formed on the base substrate Is formed.

In one embodiment, when the alignment layer is formed, each unit pixel is divided into at least two or more domains in the first direction, and a remaining one of the at least two domains separated in the first direction With the domains shielded, the selected domains can be exposed to the first light. The exposed domains may be sequentially selected along the first direction. The unit pixels may be divided into at least two or more domains in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the remaining domains excluding one domain selected from at least two or more domains divided in the second direction may be shielded In one state, the selected domain may be exposed to the second light. The exposed domains may be sequentially selected along the second direction. The exposure energy of the first light may be greater than the exposure energy of the second light

In one embodiment, each of the unit pixels is divided into at least four domains arranged in a matrix, the four domains include a first domain located at the upper left side, a second domain located at the upper right side, And a fourth domain located on the lower right side. The first and third domains located on the left side are first exposed in a state in which light is shielded in the second and fourth domains located on the right side when the alignment film is formed, The second domain and the fourth domain located on the right side can be exposed in a second state in a state in which light is shielded from the first domain and the third domain. In addition, the third domain and the fourth domain located at the lower end are exposed in a third state, and the first domain and the second domain located at the upper end are exposed in a third state, The second and fourth domains positioned at the lower end may be exposed in the fourth exposure while the light is shielded from the second domain.

In one embodiment, the polarizing ultraviolet ray toward the second direction can be irradiated in the first exposure step, and the polarized ultraviolet ray directed to the reverse direction in the second direction can be irradiated in the second exposure step. Further, in the third exposure step, polarized ultraviolet rays directed toward the first direction can be irradiated, and in the fourth exposure step, polarized ultraviolet rays directed toward the reverse direction of the first direction can be irradiated. Here, the first direction is a direction from the left to the right of the domain, and the second direction is defined as a direction from the lower end to the upper end of the domain. Here, the direction of irradiating the ultraviolet ray and the order of the exposure step may be changed.

According to such an alignment substrate, a liquid crystal display panel including the same, and a method of manufacturing an alignment substrate, since an alignment film having a sub-alignment portion for forming a multi-domain is formed on one substrate, It is possible to prevent the alignment error of the alignment layer due to the alignment.

In particular, since the alignment layer for forming the multi-domains is formed only on the first substrate when the first substrate and the second substrate are coupled to each other, even if there is no index serving as an alignment reference for aligning the substrates on the second substrate, It is possible to prevent an alignment error of the liquid crystal display device.

Therefore, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display panel can be widened.

Further, when the dynamic capacitance compensation method is applied to the liquid crystal display panel using the alignment substrate according to the present invention, the response speed of the liquid crystal can be further improved.

1 is a plan view of a liquid crystal display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I 'of FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer shown in Fig.
4A shows the formula of the photosensitive polymer material for forming the first alignment layer shown in FIG.
FIG. 4B shows the chemical formula of the alignment material after the photosensitive polymer material shown in FIG. 4A is optically aligned by the photo alignment process.
FIGS. 5A to 5D are perspective views illustrating steps of forming the first alignment layer shown in FIG. 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a graph for explaining a method for improving the response speed of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal display panel shown in FIG.
7 is a plan view of the alignment substrate according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a plan view of an alignment substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. Like reference numerals are used for like elements in describing each drawing. The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Means that a feature, number, step, operation, element, component or combination of features described in the specification is intended to designate the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, , &Quot; an ", " an ", " an "

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art and are to be interpreted as either ideal or overly formal in the sense of the present application Do not.

In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions of the substrate, layer (film), or patterns are shown enlarged in actuality for clarity of the present invention. In the present invention, when each layer (film), pattern or structure is referred to as being formed on the substrate, each layer (film) or patterns, on the top or bottom, each layer Directly or indirectly, directly over a substrate, each layer (film) or patterns, or another layer (film), another pattern or other structure may be additionally formed on the substrate.

Hereinafter, in the detailed description and claims of the present invention, an orientation film has a pretilt angle of less than about 90 표면, the surface of which is inclined by a certain angle, so that the liquid crystal molecules are inclined in advance while orienting the liquid crystal molecules, It is defined as a film forming liquid crystal molecules. The alignment substrate is defined as a substrate including an alignment film. Here, the term "linearly polarized light" refers to a state in which a part of the liquid crystal molecules is tilted in advance so that the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer are inclined in a predetermined direction when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer. The line inclination direction refers to a direction in which a part of the liquid crystal molecules is tilted in advance.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a liquid crystal display panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line I-I 'of FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer shown in Fig.

1, 2 and 3, a liquid crystal display panel 500 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 100, a second substrate 200 facing the first substrate 100, And a liquid crystal layer 300 interposed between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200.

In the present embodiment, the first substrate 100 refers to a lower substrate including a thin film transistor (TFT) and a pixel electrode 170, and the second substrate refers to an upper substrate including a common electrode 220 do.

In the first substrate 100, a plurality of unit pixel regions PA are defined in a matrix form. The first substrate 100 includes a plurality of gate lines GL, a plurality of data lines DL and a thin film transistor TFT formed on a first base substrate 110. The gate lines GL extend in a first direction D1 of the first base substrate 110. [ The gate lines GL are arranged in parallel along the second direction D2, which is different from the first direction D1. The second direction D2 may be a direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction D1. In this embodiment, two adjacent gate lines GL can define short sides of the pixel PA.

The data lines DL extend in the second direction D2 and are arranged in parallel along the first direction D1. In this embodiment, two neighboring data lines DL can define the long side of the pixel PA.

Although not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first substrate 100 may further include a storage line (not shown) formed of the same material as the gate line GL on the first base substrate 110 have.

The first substrate 100 further includes a gate insulating layer 120 formed on the gate line GL. The gate insulating layer 120 isolates the gate line GL from the data line DL.

The thin film transistor TFT includes a gate electrode GE connected to the gate line GL, a source electrode SE connected to the data line DL, a drain electrode DE spaced apart from the source electrode SE, And an active pattern 130 formed on the gate insulating layer 120. The active pattern 130 includes a semiconductor layer 130a and an ohmic contact layer 130b formed on the semiconductor layer 130a. The ohmic contact layer 130b may be formed of n + amorphous silicon (n + a-Si) doped with an n-type impurity at a high concentration, and the semiconductor layer 130a may be formed of amorphous silicon Si).

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, one thin film transistor (TFT) is formed in the pixel region PA. In another embodiment, at least two thin film transistors (TFT) may be formed in the pixel region PA have.

The first substrate 100 further includes a passivation layer 140 covering the data line DL, the source electrode SE, and the drain electrode DE. The passivation film 140 is formed with a contact hole CNT for exposing a part of the drain electrode DL.

In this embodiment, the light shielding layer 150 and the color filters 162 and 164 are formed on the first base substrate 110. That is, the first substrate 100 may include the light shielding layer 150 and the color filters 162 and 164.

The light shielding layer 150 may be formed on the passivation layer 140 to overlap the gate electrode GE and the data line DL. The light shielding layer 150 blocks the light provided from the lower portion of the first substrate 100 from being provided to the liquid crystal layer 300. In the present embodiment, the light shielding layer 150 is formed on the first substrate 100, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, in another embodiment, the light shielding layer 150 may be formed on the second substrate 200 without being formed on the first substrate 100.

Each of the color filters 162 and 164 is formed on the passivation layer 140 of the pixel PA. The color filters 162 and 164 may include a first color filter 162, a second color filter 164, and a third color filter (not shown). The first color filter 162 and the second color filter 164 display different colors. For example, the first color filter 162 may display a red color, and the second color filter 164 may display a blue color.

Although not shown in FIG. 2, the first color filter 162 and the second color filter 164 may be formed to overlap each other between adjacent pixel electrodes 170. For example, a region where the first color filter 162 and the second color filter 164 overlap may include an upper region of the gate line GL or an upper region of the data line DL . The region where the first color filter 162 and the second color filter 164 are overlapped may further include an area where the first and second thin film transistors SW1 and SW2 are formed. In this embodiment, the color filters 162 and 164 are formed on the first substrate 100, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, in other embodiments, the color filters 162 and 164 may not be formed on the first substrate 100 but may be formed on the second substrate 200.

The first substrate 100 further includes a pixel electrode 170 formed on the color filters 162 and 164. The pixel electrode 170 is a transparent electrode made of a transparent conductive material. Examples of the transparent conductive material include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZAO), and the like.

 The pixel electrode 170 is electrically connected to the thin film transistor TFT through the contact hole CNT. The contact hole CNT is formed in the passivation layer 140 on the drain electrode DE and the first color filter 162 to expose a part of the drain electrode DE. Since the pixel electrode 170 is electrically connected to the thin film transistor TFT, the pixel electrode 170 can receive a pixel voltage applied through the thin film transistor TFT. For example, a pixel voltage applied through the data line DL1 is transferred to the drain electrode DE in response to a gate voltage applied through the gate line GL, and is supplied through the contact hole CNT And the pixel electrode 170 electrically connected to the drain electrode DE.

The second substrate 200 includes a second base substrate 210 and a common electrode 220 formed on the second base substrate 210. The common electrode 220 is a transparent electrode made of a transparent conductive material like the pixel electrode. That is, the common electrode 220 may be formed of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZAO) Lt; / RTI > The common electrode 220 receives a common voltage. As described above, the pixel electrode 170 and the common electrode 220 receive a pixel voltage and a common voltage to generate an electric field between the liquid crystal layers 300, respectively.

The liquid crystal layer 300 is interposed between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200. The liquid crystal layer 300 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 310. When an electric field is formed between the pixel electrode 170 and the common electrode 220, the liquid crystal molecules 310 are rearranged in response to the electric field, and the rearranged liquid crystal molecules 310 are transmitted The image having the gradation is displayed according to the difference in the amount of light.

The first substrate 100 may further include a first alignment layer 180 formed on the pixel electrode 170. According to the present invention, the first alignment layer 180 has at least two sub-alignment portions per unit pixel PA, and each sub-alignment portion has a photoalignment so as to have a different pretilt direction. do.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the unit pixel area PA includes four domains, that is, a first domain DM1 located at the upper left, a second domain DM2 located at the upper right, The third domain DM3 located on the lower left side and the fourth domain DM4 located on the lower right side.

In this case, the first alignment layer 180 has four sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 corresponding to the respective domains DM1, DM2, DM3, and DM4. Specifically, the first alignment layer 180 includes a first sub-alignment portion 181 corresponding to the first domain DM1 and a second sub-alignment portion 182 corresponding to the second domain DM2 do. The first alignment layer 180 includes a third sub-alignment portion 183 corresponding to the third domain DM3 and a fourth sub-alignment portion 184 corresponding to the fourth domain DM4 .

The first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 of the first alignment layer 180 have different pretilt directions. That is, the first sub-alignment portion 181 has a first line oblique direction PTD1 and the second sub-alignment portion 182 has a second line oblique direction PTD2. Similarly, the third sub-alignment portion 183 has a third line oblique direction PTD3, and the fourth sub-alignment portion 184 has a fourth line oblique direction PTD4.

Here, the pre-alignment refers to setting a part of the liquid crystal molecules 310 in a pre-tilted state, and the line oblique direction refers to a direction in which a part of the liquid crystal molecules 310 is tilted in advance. When the first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183 and 184 have respective line inclination directions, the liquid crystal molecules 310 disposed on the first alignment layer 180, The director of the liquid crystal molecules 310 adjacent to the one orientation film 180 may be arranged to be substantially parallel to the line oblique direction.

In the case where the unit pixel PA is divided into at least two domains and the first alignment layer 180 has sub-alignment portions corresponding to the respective domains, The angle of view is great.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at least two sub-alignment portions, for example, four sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 for forming a plurality of domains in the unit pixel area PA, 1 substrate 100 as shown in FIG. Therefore, even if an alignment error occurs when the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 are coupled to each other, the first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, 184 do not cause an error in the line inclination direction.

If an alignment film having a different line inclination direction is formed on each of the upper substrate and the lower substrate and the line inclination direction is determined in the vector sum direction of the line inclination direction formed on the upper substrate and the lower substrate, There is a problem that an error occurs in a line inclination direction determined by the vector sum due to an alignment error generated when the upper substrate and the lower substrate are coupled. 2, when the light shielding layer 150 is formed on the first substrate 100 rather than the second substrate 200, the second substrate 200 may be aligned Since there is no indicator that can be a reference, the possibility of misalignment is higher.

However, according to the present invention, since at least two sub-orientation portions, for example, four sub-orientation portions 181, 182, 183 and 184 are all formed on the first substrate 100, Even if an alignment error occurs between the second substrate 200 and the second substrate 200, an error does not occur in the line inclination direction.

The first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183 and 184 of the first alignment layer 180 are formed through a photo alignment process so as to have respective line inclination directions. The description of the photo alignment process will be described in more detail below with reference to Figs. 5A to 5D.

In this embodiment, the first to fourth line inclination directions PTD1, PTD2, PTD3 and PTD4 of the first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183 and 184 are arranged in a clockwise direction do. That is, the line inclination direction of the sub-alignment portions contacting the boundary may be substantially orthogonal, and the line inclination direction of the sub-alignment portions neighboring in the diagonal direction may differ by 180 degrees. For example, the first line oblique direction PTD1 is oriented in a counterclockwise direction at 45 degrees with respect to the first direction D1, and the second line oblique direction PTD2 is oriented in the first direction D1 ) In the clockwise direction. The third line inclination direction PTD3 is oriented counterclockwise at 135 degrees with respect to the first direction D1 and the fourth line inclination direction PTD4 is parallel to the first direction D1 You can turn it 135 degrees clockwise as a reference. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the line oblique directions PTD1, PTD2, PTD3, PTD4 of the first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, It may be different from the example. For example, the first to fourth line inclination directions PTD1, PTD2, PTD3 and PTD4 of the first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183 and 184 are arranged in a counterclockwise direction . Alternatively, the first line tilting direction PTD1 of the first sub-alignment portion 181 and the fourth line tilting direction PTD4 of the fourth sub-alignment portion 184 converge toward the center of the unit pixel region The second line inclination direction PTD2 of the second subordinate portion 182 and the third line inclination direction PTD3 of the third subordinate portion 183 may be oriented from the center of the unit pixel region It may be directed toward the diverging direction.

The second substrate 200 may further include a second alignment layer 230 formed on the common electrode 220. The first alignment layer 180 formed on the first substrate 100 includes at least two sub-alignment portions, for example, four sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183 and 184 to form the sub-alignment portions 181 and 182 DM2, DM3, and DM4 corresponding to the first substrate 230, the second substrate 230, and the second substrate 230 are formed in the unit pixel area PA, It is not necessary to have sub-alignment portions. For example, the second alignment layer 230 may be formed to have a vertical alignment direction. The second alignment layer 230 may be photo-aligned to have a vertical alignment direction or may be formed by a method other than a photo alignment process.

FIG. 3 schematically shows how liquid crystals are arranged when the second alignment layer 230 is vertically aligned in a vertical alignment mode (VA) mode liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal molecules 310 adjacent to the first alignment layer 180 of the first substrate 110 are aligned in the line oblique directions PTD1 of the sub alignment portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 of the first alignment layer 180, , PTD2, PTD3, and PTD4, and the liquid crystal molecules 310 adjacent to the second alignment layer 230 may be arranged substantially vertically.

 If the second substrate 200 is a mode other than the vertical alignment mode (VA mode) liquid crystal display panel, for example, an in-plane switching (IPS) mode liquid crystal display In the case of a substrate used for a panel, the second substrate 200 may not have an alignment film.

4A shows the chemical formula of the photosensitive polymer material for forming the first alignment layer shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4B shows the chemical formula of the alignment material after the photosensitive polymer material shown in FIG. 4A is photo- .

4A and 4B, an alignment material for forming an alignment layer according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a photosensitive polymer material. For example, the alignment material includes polyimide main chains 186 and side chains 187 connected to the polyimide main chains 186. The side chains 187 have a double bond that makes the side chain 187 directional.

 When the photosensitive polymer substance arranged randomly is irradiated with a polarized ultraviolet ray polarized in a predetermined direction, for example, light ray reactors having a direction perpendicular or parallel to the polarizing direction of the polarized ultraviolet ray undergo a photopolymerization reaction. For example, when an ultraviolet ray having a polarization axis is incident on the same plane as the direction of the side chain, the side chains are photopolymerized to have structural anisotropy, and a linear oblique direction in which the ultraviolet ray (UV) Respectively.

Since the photosensitive polymer material that has undergone the photopolymerization reaction has a linear oblique direction, if the liquid crystal is placed on the alignment film, the director of the liquid crystal may be arranged substantially parallel to the line oblique direction.

In FIGS. 4A and 4B, the angle at which the side chains are inclined is shown to be very exaggerated and is actually known to be tilted by about a degree from the normal by the light alignment process.

Although polyimide is exemplified as the alignment material in Figs. 4A and 4B, the alignment material according to the present invention is not limited to polyimide. For example, the material used as the alignment material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of polyamic acid, polynorbornene phenylmaleimide copolymer, polyvinyl cinnamate, polyazobenzene, polyethyleneimine, poly Polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyphenylenephthalamide, polyester, polyurethane, polymethylmethacrylate, polymethylmethacrylate, and the like. ).

In addition, the alignment material used in the photo alignment process is not limited to the photosensitive polymer material. For example, an alignment film may be formed through a photo alignment process in which an ion beam is irradiated to an inorganic material such as silicon oxide (SiOx).

FIGS. 5A to 5D are perspective views illustrating steps of forming the first alignment layer shown in FIG. 2. FIG.

In the photo alignment process according to the present embodiment, a photosensitive polymer film is formed on the first substrate 100, and polarized ultraviolet (UV) is used as light for photo alignment. In addition, it is assumed that the photo-orientable polymers of the photosensitive polymer film have a directionality toward the polarized ultraviolet (UV) irradiation direction. Alternatively, in another embodiment, photo-orientable polymers having orientation in the direction opposite to the direction in which the polarized ultraviolet light (UV) is irradiated may be used. Further, in another embodiment, other light may be used instead of ultraviolet (UV), or an ion beam may be used.

Hereinafter, the first direction D1 may be referred to as the right direction on the plane defined by the first direction axis D1 and the second direction axis D2 when defining directions in the claims and the detailed description, The reverse direction of the first direction D1 may be referred to as the left direction. The second direction D2 may be referred to as an upward direction on a plane formed by the first directional axis D1 and the second directional axis D2 and the reverse direction of the second direction D2 may be referred to as a downward direction Direction.

Referring to FIG. 5A, a photosensitive polymer film is formed on the first substrate 100. Next, a mask is disposed on the first substrate 100 on which the photosensitive polymer film is formed, and the exposure process of exposing the photosensitive polymer film to the light, for example, polarized ultraviolet (UV), is performed.

In one embodiment, each unit pixel is divided into at least two domains in the first direction (D1), and one domain selected from at least two domains divided in the first direction (D1) With the domains shielded, the selected domains are exposed to the light. The exposed domains may be sequentially selected along the first direction D1.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, a first exposure process is performed by disposing a first mask MSK1 on the first substrate 100 on which the photosensitive polymer film is formed.

The left side of the first mask MSK1 transmits the ultraviolet light UV and the right side of the first mask MSK1 shields the ultraviolet light UV. Accordingly, the ultraviolet light is irradiated to the first domain DM1 and the third domain DM3 disposed on the left side of the unit pixel area PA and is disposed on the right side of the unit pixel area PA The second domain DM2 and the fourth domain DM4 are not examined.

Here, the ultraviolet rays UV are directed in a downward direction, that is, a direction opposite to the second direction D2, when viewed on a plane where the first mask MSK1 is located. Further, the ultraviolet ray (UV) is irradiated obliquely with respect to the mask. That is, in a three-dimensional view, the ultraviolet light UV is incident on a third direction orthogonal to the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 with respect to a plane on which the first mask MSK1 is positioned, (D3). The angle at which the ultraviolet ray is inclined in the third direction D3 with respect to the first substrate 100 may be substantially the same as the pretilt angle of the first alignment layer 180 . In this case, when the liquid crystal molecules are arranged on the first alignment layer, the angle of incidence of the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the first alignment layer is defined as an angle that the first alignment layer is inclined with respect to the first substrate.

The directions of the arrows AR1 and AR3 shown in FIG. 5A indicate the direction in which the photosensitive polymer film formed on each of the domains D1, D2, D3, and D4 is optically aligned by the ultraviolet ray (UV) two-dimensionally will be. That is, the photosensitive polymer film formed in the first domain DM1 and the third domain DM3 irradiated with the ultraviolet light (UV) is irradiated with the ultraviolet light (UV) in an upward direction in which the ultraviolet light (UV) , And is optically aligned in the second direction (D2). On the other hand, the photosensitive polymer film formed in the second domain DM2 and the fourth domain DM4 not irradiated with ultraviolet light (UV) is not photo-aligned.

Referring to FIG. 5B, a second exposure process is performed by disposing a second mask MSK2 on the first substrate 100 on which the photosensitive polymer film is formed.

The left side of the second mask MSK2 shields the ultraviolet light UV and the right side of the second mask MSK2 transmits the ultraviolet light UV. Accordingly, the ultraviolet rays UV are not irradiated to the first domain DM1 and the third domain DM3 disposed on the left side of the unit pixel area PA but are arranged on the right side of the unit pixel area PA The second domain DM2 and the fourth domain DM4 are examined.

Here, the ultraviolet rays UV are directed upward, that is, in the second direction D2 when viewed on a plane where the second mask MSK2 is located. In addition, in a three-dimensional view, the ultraviolet light UV is irradiated while being inclined in the third direction D3 with respect to a plane on which the second mask MSK2 is located. As described above, the angle at which the ultraviolet ray is inclined in the third direction D3 with respect to the first substrate 100 is substantially equal to the square of the first alignment film 180 (FIG. 2) can do.

The direction of the arrows AR1, AR2, AR3 and AR4 shown in FIG. 5B indicates the direction in which the photosensitive polymer film formed on each of the domains D1, D2, D3 and D4 is optically aligned by the ultraviolet ray UV . That is, the photosensitive polymer film formed in the second domain DM2 and the fourth domain DM4 irradiated with the ultraviolet light (UV) is irradiated with ultraviolet rays (UV) in a downward direction , And is optically oriented in a direction opposite to the second direction (D2). On the other hand, the optical alignment direction of the photosensitive polymer film formed in the first domain DM1 and the third domain DM3 not irradiated with the ultraviolet light (UV) remains unchanged, and still faces the second direction D2.

Referring to FIG. 5C, in one embodiment, each unit pixel is divided into at least two domains in the second direction D2, and at least two domains selected in the second direction D2 The selected domains are exposed to the light while shielding the remaining domains except for one domain. The exposed domains may be sequentially selected along the second direction D2.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5C, a third exposure process is performed by disposing a third mask MSK3 on the first substrate 100 on which the photosensitive polymer film is formed.

The upper side of the third mask MSK3 transmits the ultraviolet rays UV and the lower side of the third mask MSK3 shields the ultraviolet rays UV. The ultraviolet rays are irradiated to the first domain DM1 and the second domain DM2 disposed on the upper side of the unit pixel area PA and are arranged below the unit pixel area PA The third domain DM3 and the fourth domain DM4 are not examined.

Here, the ultraviolet rays UV are directed in the left direction, that is, the direction opposite to the first direction D1 when viewed on a plane where the third mask MSK3 is located. Also, in a three-dimensional view, the ultraviolet light UV is irradiated while being inclined in the third direction D3 with respect to a plane on which the third mask MSK3 is located. As described above, the angle at which the ultraviolet ray is inclined in the third direction D3 with respect to the first substrate 100 is substantially equal to the square of the first alignment film 180 (FIG. 2) can do.

The direction of the arrows AR1, AR2, AR3 and AR4 shown in FIG. 5C indicates the direction in which the photosensitive polymer film formed on each of the domains D1, D2, D3 and D4 is optically aligned by the ultraviolet ray UV . That is, the photosensitive polymer film formed in the first domain (DM1) irradiated with ultraviolet light (UV) is irradiated with light in the upward direction (i.e., the second direction) in the photo- (I.e., the first direction), which is the direction in which the light is emitted. Here, the vector sum of the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 is inclined by 45 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the first direction D1 on the plane of the first substrate 100 Direction.

Likewise, the photosensitive polymer film formed in the second domain DM2 irradiated with the ultraviolet light (UV) is irradiated with light in a downward direction (that is, a direction opposite to the second direction) in the photo- (I.e., the first direction), which is the direction in which the light is optically aligned in the first direction. Here, the direction of the vector sum of the first direction D1 and the reverse direction of the second direction D2 is inclined by 45 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to the first direction D1 on the plane of the first substrate 100 Direction.

The optical alignment direction of the photosensitive polymer film formed in the third domain DM3 and the fourth domain DM4 not irradiated with ultraviolet light (UV) is not changed. That is, the photo-alignment direction of the photosensitive polymer film formed in the third domain DM3 is the upward direction (i.e., the second direction) in the photo-aligned direction in the first exposure process. In addition, the photo-alignment direction of the photosensitive polymer film formed in the fourth domain DM4 is the downward direction (i.e., the reverse direction of the second direction) in the photo-aligned direction in the second exposure process.

Referring to FIG. 5D, a fourth exposure process is performed by disposing a fourth mask MSK4 on the first substrate 100 on which the photosensitive polymer film is formed.

The upper side of the fourth mask MSK4 shields the ultraviolet ray UV and the lower side of the fourth mask MSK4 transmits the ultraviolet ray UV. Accordingly, the ultraviolet rays are irradiated to the third and fourth domains DM3 and DM4 disposed below the unit pixel area PA, and are arranged on the upper side of the unit pixel area PA The first domain DM1 and the second domain DM2 are not examined.

Here, the ultraviolet ray is directed to the right side, that is, the first direction D1 when viewed on a plane where the fourth mask MSK4 is located. In addition, in a three-dimensional view, the ultraviolet light UV is irradiated while being inclined in the third direction D3 with respect to a plane on which the fourth mask MSK4 is located. As described above, the angle at which the ultraviolet ray is inclined in the third direction D3 with respect to the first substrate 100 is substantially equal to the square of the first alignment film 180 (FIG. 2) can do.

The direction of the arrows AR1, AR2, AR3 and AR4 shown in FIG. 5D indicates the direction in which the photosensitive polymer film formed on each of the domains D1, D2, D3 and D4 is optically aligned by the ultraviolet ray UV . That is, the photosensitive polymer film formed in the third domain (DM3) irradiated with ultraviolet light (UV) is irradiated with light in the upward direction (that is, the second direction) in the photo- (I.e., the direction opposite to the first direction), which is the direction in which the light is emitted. Here, the direction in which the reverse direction of the first direction D1 and the direction of the vector sum of the second direction D2 are 135 degrees in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the first direction D1 on the plane of the first substrate 100 It is a tilted direction.

Similarly, the photosensitive polymer film formed in the fourth domain (DM4) irradiated with the ultraviolet ray (UV) is irradiated with light in a downward direction (i.e., a direction opposite to the second direction) (I.e., the direction opposite to the first direction), which is the direction in which light is optically aligned in the first direction. Here, the direction that is the vector sum of the reverse direction of the first direction D1 and the reverse direction of the second direction D2 is 135 (clockwise) with respect to the first direction D1 on the plane of the first substrate 100 The direction is also inclined. The optical alignment direction of the photosensitive polymer film formed in the first domain DM1 and the second domain DM2 not irradiated with ultraviolet light (UV) is not changed.

The directions of the arrows AR1, AR2, AR3 and AR4 shown in FIG. 5D are consequently shifted to the respective domains D1, D2, D3 and D4 through the first to fourth exposure processes 181, 182, 183, and 184 of the first through fourth sub-alignment portions (181, 182, 183, and 184 in Fig. For example, the direction of the arrow AR1 formed in the first domain D1 is the same as the first line oblique direction PTD1 of the first sub-orientation 181 shown in FIG. 1, The direction of the arrow AR2 formed on the second sub-alignment portion D2 is the same as the second line inclination direction PTD2 of the second sub-alignment portion 182 shown in Fig. Similarly, the direction of the arrow AR3 formed in the third domain D3 is the same as the third line oblique direction PTD3 of the third subordinate portion 183 shown in FIG. 1, and the fourth domain D4 Is the same as the fourth line inclination direction PTD4 of the fourth subordinate portion 184 shown in FIG.

Referring again to FIGS. 5A to 5D, light irradiated to one domain selected from at least two domains divided in the first direction D1 is referred to as first light, and light divided into the second direction D2 (Hereinafter referred to as first exposure energy) of the first light is defined as the exposure energy of the second light (hereinafter referred to as the second light) Exposure energy).

1, the first to fourth line inclination directions PTD1, PTD2, PTD3, and PTD4 are about 45 degrees with respect to the first directional axis D1 or the second directional axis D2. The ratio of the first exposure energy to the second exposure energy can be appropriately adjusted. For example, when the first exposure energy is about 160 mJ / cm ² , the second exposure energy is preferably about 40 mJ / cm ² . When the first exposure energy is about 40 mJ / cm ² , the second exposure energy is preferably about 20 mJ / cm ² . Alternatively, when the first exposure energy is about 1000 mJ / cm ² , the second exposure energy is preferably about 100 mJ / cm ² . However, such exposure energy is not limited to this, and can be appropriately optimized depending on the type of photosensitive material or light.

As described above, according to the method of manufacturing an alignment substrate according to the embodiment of the present invention, at least two sub-alignment portions for forming a plurality of domains in the unit pixel area PA, for example, four sub- (181, 182, 183, 184) are all formed on the first substrate (100). Therefore, even if an alignment error occurs when the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 are coupled to each other, the first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, 184 do not cause an error in the line inclination direction.

The light alignment process shown in Figs. 5A to 5D is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the order of the first through fourth exposure steps may be changed, and the direction of irradiating the ultraviolet rays (UV) may be changed.

5A to 5D, ultraviolet rays are irradiated in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction of the substrate, and the ultraviolet rays are applied to the respective domains DM1, DM2, DM3, and DM4 The line inclination directions of the sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183 and 184 are respectively determined to be the vector direction of the horizontal direction or the vertical direction optically aligned by a separate exposure process, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, in the case of another embodiment using an apparatus for irradiating ultraviolet rays in the diagonal direction of the substrate, the sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 may be formed so as to correspond to the line oblique directions The sub alignment portion having the line inclination direction in the diagonal direction of the substrate can be formed without considering the sum of the vectors.

FIG. 6 is a graph for explaining a method for improving the response speed of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal display panel shown in FIG.

The rate at which the liquid crystal molecules are rearranged in a predetermined direction when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 300 is referred to as a response speed of the liquid crystal.

As described above, in the liquid crystal display panel shown in Figs. 1 to 3, at least two sub-alignment portions for forming a plurality of domains in the unit pixel region PA, for example, four sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 are all formed on the first substrate 100. In addition, the second alignment layer 230 may be formed on the second substrate 200 or may not have a second alignment layer.

When a plurality of sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 for forming a plurality of domains are all formed on one alignment substrate, the sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 The liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the substrate that is not formed are oriented vertically without being inclined in advance. In the case where the liquid crystal molecules are not inclined in advance, the response speed may be slower, though not necessarily. Therefore, an additional liquid crystal driving method capable of improving the response speed of the liquid crystal can be used together.

Dynamic capacitance compensation (hereinafter referred to as "DCC") may be used as a method for improving the response speed of the liquid crystal. The dynamic capacitance compensation method is a method in which a voltage higher than a target value voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer for one frame when the gray level of the liquid crystal display panel changes such as from black gradation (BLACK) to white gradation (WHITE) It refers to the method of making pretilt in advance. When the pretilt voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are linearly inclined by the alignment film in addition to the linear gradient voltage. Therefore, the speed at which the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the predetermined direction, that is, The response speed is increased.

6, the correction voltage Vpt is applied in consideration of the target pixel voltage of the current frame, the pixel voltage of the previous frame, and the pixel voltage of the next frame, and the pixel voltage Vp of the current frame is applied, To reach the target pixel voltage. In this case, the correction voltage Vpt corresponds to the line inclination voltage.

That is, when changing from a black gradation to a white gradation, a voltage higher than the black gradation is applied before one frame to convert to a white gradation to pretilt the liquid crystal in advance. In this case, the correction voltage Vcp may be appropriately set corresponding to the applied pixel voltage. For example, a look-up table (LUT) necessary for obtaining the compensation voltage Vcp may be used.

As described above, when the dynamic capacitance compensation method (DCC) is applied to the liquid crystal display panel using the alignment substrate according to the present invention, the response speed of the liquid crystal can be further improved.

7 is a plan view of the alignment substrate according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

The alignment substrate 700 described with reference to FIG. 7 is a substrate formed in correspondence with the plurality of domains DM1, DM2, DM3, and DM4, as compared with the first substrate 100 described with reference to FIGS. The first substrate 100 is substantially the same as or similar to the first substrate 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2, except that the line inclination directions of the alignment portions are different. Therefore, the same reference numerals are used for elements similar or substantially identical to those of the liquid crystal display panel 100 described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3, and repeated detailed description is omitted.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 7, the alignment substrate 700 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a first alignment layer 180 formed on the pixel electrode 170. According to the present invention, the first alignment layer 180 has at least two sub-alignment portions for each unit pixel, and the sub-alignment portions are photo-aligned to have different pretilt directions.

When the unit pixel region is divided into at least two domains, the first alignment layer 180 has at least two sub-alignment portions corresponding to the respective domains.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the unit pixel region includes four domains: a first domain DM1, a second domain DM2, a third domain DM3, and a fourth domain DM4. The first alignment layer 180 includes a first sub-alignment portion 181 corresponding to the first domain DM1 and a second sub-alignment portion 182 corresponding to the second domain DM2, . The first alignment layer 180 includes a third sub-alignment portion 183 corresponding to the third domain DM3 and a fourth sub-alignment portion 184 corresponding to the fourth domain DM4 .

The first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 of the first alignment layer 180 have different pretilt directions. The direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 7 indicates the line oblique direction of the first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183 and 184.

In this embodiment, the first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183 and 184 are arranged so that the line inclination direction rotates counterclockwise. That is, the line inclination direction of the sub-alignment portions contacting the boundary may be substantially orthogonal, and the line inclination direction of the sub-alignment portions neighboring in the diagonal direction may differ by 180 degrees.

For example, the line inclination direction of the first sub-alignment portion 181 is oriented clockwise 135 degrees with respect to the first direction D1, and the line inclination direction of the second sub-alignment portion 181 May be oriented in a counterclockwise direction at 135 degrees with respect to the first direction D1. In addition, the line inclination direction of the third sub-alignment portion 183 is oriented clockwise by 45 degrees with respect to the first direction D1, and the line inclination direction of the fourth sub- And may be oriented in a 45 degree counterclockwise direction with respect to the first direction D1.

The manufacturing method of the alignment substrate 700 shown in Fig. 7 is different from the manufacturing method of the alignment substrate 100 described with reference to Figs. 5A to 5D except that the direction of scanning ultraviolet light and the direction of light alignment are different Substantially the same. Therefore, repeated description will be omitted.

Hereinafter, the optical alignment process for forming the alignment film having the line inclination direction of the first to fourth sub-alignment units 181, 182, 183, and 184 shown in Fig. 7 will be described with reference to Figs. 5A to 5D The difference from the alignment process is mainly described.

In the first exposure process for photo-aligning the first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 shown in FIG. 7, unlike the first exposure process shown in FIG. 5A, UV is irradiated in the upward direction, that is, in the second direction D2 when viewed on a plane where the first mask MSK1 is located. Thus, the photosensitive polymer film formed in the first domain DM1 and the third domain DM3 is optically aligned in the downward direction, that is, in the direction opposite to the second direction D2.

In the second exposure process, unlike the second exposure process shown in FIG. 5B, when the ultraviolet light UV is viewed on a plane on which the second mask MSK2 is located, the exposure is performed in the downward direction, that is, in the second direction D2 It is irradiated in the opposite direction. Accordingly, the photosensitive polymer film formed in the second domain DM2 and the fourth domain DM4 is optically aligned in the upward direction, i.e., in the second direction D2.

In the third exposure process, unlike the third exposure process shown in FIG. 5C, when the ultraviolet light UV is viewed on a plane on which the third mask MSK3 is located, the rightward direction, that is, the first direction D1 . Accordingly, the line inclination direction of the first sub-alignment portion 181 formed in the first domain DM1 is set to be 135 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to the first direction D1 as shown in Fig. 7 I'm headed. In addition, the line subdirection of the second sub-alignment portion 182 formed in the second domain DM2 is oriented counterclockwise at 135 degrees with respect to the first direction D1.

In the fourth exposure process, unlike the fourth exposure process shown in FIG. 5D, when the ultraviolet light UV is viewed on a plane where the fourth mask MSK4 is located, the leftward direction, that is, It is irradiated in the opposite direction. Accordingly, the line-inclined direction of the third sub-alignment portion 183 formed in the third domain DM3 is inclined at 45 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to the first direction D1 as shown in Fig. 7 I'm headed. In addition, the line inclination direction of the fourth sub-alignment portion 184 formed in the fourth domain DM4 is oriented counterclockwise at 45 degrees with respect to the first direction D1.

8 is a plan view of an alignment substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

The alignment substrate 800 described with reference to FIG. 8 is a substrate formed in correspondence with the plurality of domains DM1, DM2, DM3, and DM4, as compared with the first substrate 100 described with reference to FIGS. The first substrate 100 is substantially the same as or similar to the first substrate 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2, except that the line inclination directions of the alignment portions are different. Therefore, the same reference numerals are used for elements similar or substantially identical to those of the liquid crystal display panel 100 described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3, and repeated detailed description is omitted.

In this embodiment, the first line inclination direction of the first sub-alignment portion 181 and the fourth line inclination direction of the fourth sub-orientation portion 184 diverge from the center of the unit pixel region, The second line inclination direction of the alignment portion 182 and the third line inclination direction of the third suborientation portion 183 converge toward the center of the unit pixel region so that the first to fourth suborientation portions 181, 182, 183, and 184 are optically aligned.

In order to form the alignment film having the line inclination direction of the first to fourth sub-alignment portions 181, 182, 183 and 184 shown in FIG. 8, in the first exposure step shown in FIG. 5A, , And irradiates a polarized ultraviolet ray directed in a direction opposite to the second direction D2 in the second exposure step shown in Fig. 5B. In the third exposure process shown in FIG. 5C, polarized ultraviolet rays directed in the opposite direction to the first direction D1 are irradiated, and polarized ultraviolet rays directed in the first direction D1 in the fourth exposure process shown in FIG. Investigate.

Alternatively, in another embodiment, the first line tilting direction of the first sub-alignment portion 181 and the fourth line tilting direction of the fourth sub-alignment portion 184 may converge toward the center of the unit pixel region And the second line inclination direction of the second sub-alignment portion 182 and the third line inclination direction of the third sub-alignment portion 183 may diverge from the center of the center of the unit pixel region. In order to form such an alignment film having a line inclination direction, polarized ultraviolet rays directed in a direction opposite to the second direction D2 are irradiated in the first exposure step shown in Fig. 5A, and in the second exposure step shown in Fig. Polarized ultraviolet rays directed in the second direction D2 can be irradiated. In the third exposure step shown in FIG. 5C, polarized ultraviolet rays directed in the first direction D1 are irradiated, and polarized ultraviolet rays directed in a direction opposite to the first direction D1 in the fourth exposure step shown in FIG. You can investigate.

The manufacturing method of the alignment substrate 800 shown in Fig. 8 is different from the manufacturing method of the alignment substrate 100 described with reference to Figs. 5A to 5D except that the direction of scanning ultraviolet light and the direction of light alignment are different Substantially the same. Therefore, repeated description will be omitted.

As described in detail above, an alignment film having sub-alignment portions for forming multi domains is formed on one substrate. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the alignment error of the alignment layer due to misalignment that may occur when the substrate is bonded.

In particular, even when a substrate having no index or an ambiguous substrate to be an alignment reference is bonded, it is possible to prevent an alignment error of the alignment film due to misalignment of the substrate.

Therefore, the viewing angle of the display panel of the liquid crystal display panel can be widened, and the display quality and productivity of the liquid crystal display panel can be improved.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It will be possible.

100: first substrate 110: first base substrate
150: Shading layer 162, 164: Color filters
170: pixel electrode 180: first alignment film
181, 182, 183, 184: first, second, third, and fourth sub-
200: second substrate 210: second base substrate
220: common electrode 230: second alignment film
300: liquid crystal layer 310: liquid crystal molecule
500: liquid crystal display panel
PA: unit pixel area
DM1, DM2, DM3, DM4: First, second, third, and fourth domains
PTD1, PTD2, PTD3, and PTD4: first, second, third, and fourth line inclination directions

Claims (7)

A first base substrate on which a plurality of unit pixel regions are defined, pixel electrodes formed on the first base substrate, and pixel electrodes formed on the pixel electrodes and having different pretilt angles to divide the unit pixel region into at least four domains A) a first substrate comprising a first alignment layer having at least four sub-orientations having a first direction;
A second substrate including a second base substrate facing the first base substrate, a common electrode formed on the second base substrate, and a second alignment film having no different line inclination direction; And
And a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate,
The at least four domains include four domains divided into two regions in a first direction along an extending direction of a gate line and two regions in a second direction along an extending direction of a data line,
Wherein the four domains are divided into a first domain located at the upper left side, a second domain positioned at the upper right side, a third domain positioned at the lower left side, and a second domain located at the lower right side And a fourth domain positioned in the at least four sub-orientation portions, wherein the line inclination directions formed in the at least four sub-orientation portions are arranged to rotate clockwise,
Wherein a line inclination direction of each sub-orientation portion included in the unit pixel region is opposite to a vector sum of a plurality of light irradiation directions irradiated to each sub-
And the second alignment layer is formed on the common electrode. delete The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the second alignment layer is vertically oriented. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the line inclination direction of the sub-alignment portions is oriented toward 45 degrees or 135 degrees with respect to the first direction. The plasma display panel of claim 4,
A gate line formed on the base substrate and extending in the first direction;
A data line which is insulated from the gate line and extends in a second direction intersecting with the first direction; And
And a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line and electrically connected to the pixel electrode. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 5, wherein the first substrate further comprises a passivation layer covering the thin film transistor, and a color filter formed between the passivation layer and the pixel electrode. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 6, wherein the first substrate further comprises a light-shielding layer formed on the passivation layer and blocking light.

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