KR101632119B1 - Heat Exchanger-Type Reactor Having Plates Coated with Different Catalysts - Google Patents

Abstract

A cylindrical steam reforming reactor for a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention comprises a hollow cylindrical reactor body 10, a catalytic reactor 20 spaced apart from the reactor body 10, A catalytic gas inlet pipe 80 inserted into a space between the reactor body 10 and the catalytic reacting unit 20 through a lower end of the reactor body 10, And a discharge part (70) for discharging the reforming catalyst gas and the burner combustion gas in a state where the reforming catalyst gas and the burner combustion gas are disposed on the reactor body (10), the catalyst reaction part (20) It is a corrugated tube type to increase the heat exchange contact area with the combustion gas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a cylindrical steam reforming reactor for a solid oxide fuel cell,

The present invention relates to the design of a low cost, high efficiency cylindrical steam reforming reactor for a solid oxide fuel cell using natural gas. More particularly, the present invention relates to a cylindrical-type steam reforming reactor for an inexpensive solid oxide fuel cell, wherein the inside of the combustion chamber, the catalytic reaction portion, and the combustion chamber are integrally formed and the cross-sectional area of the catalytic reaction portion is widened to improve thermal efficiency.

A fuel cell is a power generation system that converts the chemical reaction energy of hydrogen and an oxidant contained in a hydrocarbon-based material such as hydrogen, methanol, and ethanol into direct electrical energy.

Examples of the fuel cell include a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) that is used when methanol is used as a fuel in a direct oxidation fuel cell, And a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) that operates at a high temperature.

The PEMFC has a problem of low CO concentration, which is a technical disadvantage of the PEMFC, a complicated humidifying system, and performance degradation due to flooding in the stack. In the case of replacing the PEMFC with an SOFC, It can be competitive.

Since the above-described fuel cell uses hydrogen as a fuel, the fuel cell can be obtained through reforming from methane, methanol and natural gas in order to produce hydrogen, and an additional facility such as a fuel reformer for reforming is required. Such a fuel reformer can be classified into steam reforming, partial oxidation reforming, and geothermal reforming according to the reforming method.

Steam reformers have the advantage of high hydrogen content in the reformed gas and are suitable for fuels with short carbon chains such as methane and natural gas.

However, the steam reformer consumes a large amount of heat in order to generate steam, the structure for heat recovery is complicated due to the heat consumption due to the endothermic reaction of the reformer, and for this reason, There is a problem that the difficulty and cost of producing the reactor are increased.

Reference can be made to Patent Document No. 10-0677016 (Jan. 25, 2007) as a conventional document which suggests a cylindrical steam reformer. The present invention discloses a cylindrical steam reformer for producing a reformed gas containing hydrogen as a main component by steam reforming a hydrocarbon-based fuel such as city gas or LPG.

The above document discloses a method for reducing the size and weight by arranging a plurality of cylinders in a concentric manner and integrating the reforming catalyst layer, the CO-denaturing catalyst layer, and the CO eliminating catalyst layer appropriately between the plurality of cylinders However, in order to introduce the reforming catalyst gas into the catalyst reaction section without performing any additional processing on the outermost tube constituting the reactor, or to improve the heat exchange efficiency by improving the structure of the catalyst reaction section, There is a limitation that it is not.

(Patent Document 1) KR10-0677016 B

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a reforming apparatus, in which a reforming catalyst gas inlet pipe is disposed between a plurality of circular tubes, And it is an object to provide a structure for increasing the contact area of the outer surface of the catalytic reaction part.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cylindrical steam reforming reactor for a solid oxide fuel cell, including: a hollow cylindrical reactor body; A catalyst reaction unit 20 disposed in the reactor body 10 and spaced apart from the catalyst reaction unit 20; A burner pipe 50 inserted into the catalytic reactor 20 from below; A catalytic gas inlet pipe (80) inserted into the space between the reactor body (10) and the catalytic reactor (20) through a lower end of the reactor body (10); And a discharge part (70) for discharging the reforming catalyst gas and the burner combustion gas in a state that the reforming catalyst is disposed on the reactor body (10), the catalyst reaction part (20) And the corrugated tube type to increase the heat exchange contact area with the burner combustion gas.

The cylindrical steam reforming reactor further includes a combustion gas flow guide part 60 coupled to a lower end of the catalytic reaction part 20. The combustion gas flow guide part 60 includes a ring shaped guide part body And a combustion gas flow hole (64) formed along the guide portion body (62), and the burner pipe (50) and the catalyst reaction portion (20) The combustion gases flow out of the lower end portion of the reactor body 10 through the flow holes 64 of the guide body 62.

The catalytic reaction unit 20 includes an outer catalytic reaction unit 30 and an inner catalytic reaction unit 40 disposed to be spaced inward from the outer catalytic reaction unit 30, And the upper end of the outer catalytic reaction unit 30 is coupled to the lower outer surface of the outer catalytic reaction unit 30.

The upper end of the outer catalytic reaction part 30 is kept lower than the upper end of the reactor body 10 and the upper end of the inner catalytic reaction part 40 is lower than the upper end of the outer catalytic reaction part 30 And the upper end of the inner catalytic reaction part 40 is sealed.

The outer catalytic reaction part 30 includes a cylindrical catalytic reaction part body 310, a body wrinkle part 320 bent on the catalytic reaction part body 310, A catalytic gas flow portion 340 constituting a lower portion of the catalytic reaction portion body 310 and a catalytic gas inlet pipe connection portion 340 formed on the catalytic gas flow portion 340, (350), and the upper end of the catalyst gas inlet pipe (80) communicates with the catalyst gas inlet pipe connection hole (350).

The cylindrical steam reforming reactor for a fuel cell as described above improves the reforming efficiency and the thermal efficiency by applying and improving the existing steam reforming reactor to increase the area of the combustion gas portion arranged in the form adjacent to the catalytic reaction portion.

Further, the present invention can solve manufacturing problems and cost problems by simplifying and optimizing the conventional complex triple tube structure type reactor reforming reactor structure.

1 is a perspective view of a cylindrical steam reforming reactor for a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is an exploded view of the cylindrical steam reforming reactor of FIG. 1,
3 is a view showing a state in which a combustion gas and a catalyst reforming gas flow through a cylindrical steam reforming reactor,
FIG. 4 illustrates a catalytic reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
5 is a view of a gas guide ring for guiding the flow of a combustion gas in a state of being disposed under the catalytic reaction part, and
6 is a result of thermal analysis of a cylindrical steam reforming reactor for a fuel cell according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but is capable of other various forms of implementation, and that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, It is provided to let you know completely. Wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

It should be noted that, in adding reference numerals to the constituent elements of the drawings, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals whenever possible, even if they are shown in different drawings. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

In describing the components of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) may be used. These terms are intended to distinguish the constituent elements from other constituent elements, and the terms do not limit the nature, order or order of the constituent elements. When a component is described as being "connected", "coupled", or "connected" to another component, the component may be directly connected or connected to the other component, Quot; may be "connected," "coupled," or "connected. &Quot;

In the present invention, the reforming catalyst gas may be referred to as a reaction gas, a reforming gas or a catalyst gas, and the burner combustion gas may be referred to as a combustion gas.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cylindrical steam reforming reactor for a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the cylindrical steam reforming reactor of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross- As shown in FIG.

1 to 3, a cylindrical steam reforming reactor according to the present invention comprises a reactor body 10 having a hollow tube type shape disposed at the outermost portion thereof, a catalyst (not shown) disposed inside the reactor body 10, A combustion gas flow guide unit 60 connected to the lower end of the catalytic reaction unit 20, a reactor body 10, And a catalyst part (20) which is inserted into the space between the reactor body (10) and the catalytic reaction part (20), the catalyst part And a catalytic gas inlet pipe (80) for allowing the catalytic gas to flow into the reaction part (20).

The reforming catalyst gas and the burner combustion gas flow into the lower portion of the reforming reactor and are discharged to the upper portion. The flow of the reaction gas and the burner combustion gas in the general steam reforming reactor is divided into a cross-flow and a co-flow depending on the injection direction.

In the present invention, a co-flow system is adopted to improve the efficiency of the steam reforming reactor and to increase the thermal efficiency. In addition, in order to increase the productivity and cost reduction by differentiating from the existing manufacturing method, the unit parts are combined and at the same time, the outermost surface is designed in a non-machining manner, thereby enabling easy manufacture and production of a low cost reactor.

The present invention shows a structure in which the catalytic reacting portion 20 is placed between the burner pipe 50 into which the burner combustion gas is injected and the exhaust portion 70 disposed outside the upper portion of the reactor body 10. At this time, in order to maximize the contact area of the burner combustion gas when the gas is blown over the outermost side of the reactor body 10 through the burner pipe 50 and the discharge part 70, the catalytic reaction part 20 is formed into a corrugated tube type .

The reactor body 10 is a hollow cylindrical member having upper and lower openings, in which the upper body insert 12 is coupled to its upper open end and the lower body insert 14 is coupled to its lower open end. The reactor body 10 is capable of fluid movement only through the upper and lower portions and the flow of fluid through the side portions is blocked.

The catalytic reaction unit 20 includes an outer catalytic reaction unit 30 and an inner catalytic reaction unit 40 spaced apart from the inner side of the outer catalytic reaction unit 30. The upper end of the outer catalytic reaction part 30 is lower than the upper end of the reactor body 10 and is coupled with the upper insert 32 formed with only the through holes capable of flowing only the reforming catalyst gas. The upper end of the inner catalytic reaction part 40 is lower than the upper end of the outer catalytic reaction part 30 and is coupled with the upper insert 42 for sealing the fluid so that it can not flow.

A catalytic reaction part lower end insert 34 functioning to seal a space between the outer catalytic reaction part 30 and the inner catalytic reaction part 40 is coupled to the lower end of the catalytic reaction part 20.

4, the outer catalytic reaction part 30 includes a cylindrical catalytic reaction part body 310, a body wrinkle part 320 bent on the catalytic reaction part body 310, a catalytic reaction part body 310 A catalytic gas inflow section 340 formed on the catalytic gas flow section 340 and a catalytic gas inflow section 340 constituting the lower part of the catalytic reaction section body 310; And a ball 350.

The burner part pipe 50 is connected to the burner part pipe 50 through a through hole formed in the burner part insert 54 and the burner part insert 54 at the lower end thereof, The combustion gas inlet port 52 is engaged. The burner pipe 50 is inserted from the lower portion of the inner catalytic reactor 40 and is spaced a predetermined distance between the burner pipe 50 and the inner catalytic reactor 40 to secure a flow path for the incoming combustion gas. .

That is, the combustion gas supplied through the combustion gas inflow port 52 moves upward through the burner pipe 50, and then, after the flow direction is changed downward in the upper space of the burner pipe 50, And flows downward through the space between the burner part pipe (40) and the burner part pipe (50).

The combustion gas flow guide part 60 is a structure to be coupled to the lower end of the catalytic reaction part 20 and is a structure for supporting the combustion gas flowing downward through a space between the inner catalytic reaction part 40 and the burner part pipe 50 And functions to change the flow direction.

5, the combustion gas flow guide unit 60 includes a guide body 62 having a thin plate as a ring shape and a combustion gas flow hole 64 formed at regular intervals along the guide body 62 do. That is, the combustion gas flowing downward through the space between the inner catalytic reaction unit 40 and the burner pipe 50 flows into the catalytic reaction unit 42 through the flow holes 64 of the guide unit body 62, As shown in Fig.

The discharge portion 70 includes a combustion gas discharge pipe 72 connected to the reactor body 10 via the upper body insert 12, a combustion gas discharge port 74 communicating with a side surface of the combustion gas discharge pipe 72, A catalytic gas outlet port 76 coupled to the upper end of the outer catalytic reaction section 30 through the exhaust pipe 72 and a wastewater inlet 78 coupled to the upper end of the exhaust pipe 72 do.

The catalytic gas inlet pipe 80 is connected to the lower end of the reactor body 10 through the through hole 15 formed in the lower body insert 14 and between the reactor body 10 and the catalytic reactor 20 Space. In this state, the upper end of the catalytic gas inflow pipe 80 communicates with the catalytic gas flow unit 340 constituting the lower part of the outer catalytic reaction unit 30. [

That is, the catalytic gas supplied to the catalytic gas inflow pipe 80 flows through the lower part of the reactor body 10, flows through the space between the reactor body 10 and the catalytic reaction unit 20, (30) to the space between the outer catalyst reaction part (30) and the inner catalyst reaction part (40).

The incoming catalytic gas flows upward in the space between the outer catalytic reaction part 30 and the inner catalytic reaction part 40. In this case, the body wrinkled part formed on the catalytic reaction part body 310 320 to maximize the thermal contact area. The catalytic gas moves to the outside of the reactor through the combustion gas flow portion 330 and the catalyst gas exhaust port 76 constituting the upper portion of the catalytic reaction portion body 310. [

Hereinafter, referring to FIG. 3, a description will be made of the entire flow path of the burner gas and the reforming gas flowing in the steam reforming reactor.

First, the combustion gas moves upward through the combustion gas inlet port 52 and the burner section pipe 50, and then U-turns downward on the upper space of the burner section pipe 50 to switch the flow direction, And flows downward through the space between the catalytic reaction part 40 and the burner part pipe 50. The combustion gas then flows out of the lower end portion of the reactor body 10 through the flow holes 64 of the combustion gas flow guide portion 60.

The combustion gas then contacts the outer catalytic reactor 30 in a wide area during the upward flow through the space between the reactor body 10 and the outer catalytic reactor 30.

The catalytic gas flows through the lower part of the reactor body 10 through the catalytic gas inlet pipe 80 and then flows through the lower end of the outer catalytic reaction part 30 to the outer catalytic reaction part 30 and the inner catalytic reaction part 30, (40). The introduced catalytic gas flows upward along the space between the inner and outer catalytic reacting parts 30 and 40. In this case, the catalytic reacting part body 310 is heated by the body wrinkling parts 320, Thereby maximizing the contact area and maximizing the heat exchange with the combustion gas.

Thereafter, the combustion gas and the catalyst gas are respectively transferred to the outside of the reactor through the combustion gas exhaust port 74 and the catalyst gas exhaust port 76.

6 is a result of thermal analysis of a cylindrical steam reforming reactor for a fuel cell according to the present invention. In FIG. 6, it can be seen that the temperature distribution band is varied from 300 K to 1600 K. Specifically, the combustion gas flowing into the combustion gas inlet port 52 at a low temperature is maintained at a high temperature of about 1600 K in the burner pipe 50 and flows into the catalyst gas inlet pipe 80 flowing at about 600 K It is confirmed that the catalytic gas has a temperature range of about 1000 K through a heat exchange reaction with a high temperature combustion gas.

As a result of the analysis of the catalytic gas as the reaction gas, it can be confirmed that there is a very uniform thermal distribution as a whole. In the case of the mole fraction, H ₂ is 70 to 80%, CO ₂ is 5 to 15% ~ 20%, CH ₄ has 0.01 to 0.02%.

The cylindrical steam reforming reactor for a fuel cell as described above improves the reforming efficiency and the thermal efficiency by applying and improving the existing steam reforming reactor to increase the area of the combustion gas portion arranged in the form adjacent to the catalytic reaction portion.

In addition, the present invention can solve manufacturing problems and cost problems by simplifying and optimizing the conventional complicated structure of the reformer reactor of the triple tube structure.

It is to be understood that the terms "comprises", "comprising", or "having" as used in the foregoing description mean that the constituent element can be implanted unless specifically stated to the contrary, But should be construed as further including other elements. All terms, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Commonly used terms, such as predefined terms, should be interpreted to be consistent with the contextual meanings of the related art, and are not to be construed as ideal or overly formal, unless expressly defined to the contrary.

The foregoing description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents thereof should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

10: Reactor body
20:
30: outer catalytic reaction part
40: Inner catalytic reaction part
50: burner pipe
60: Combustion gas flow guide part
70:
80: Catalytic gas inlet pipe

Claims (5)

A hollow cylindrical reactor body 10;
A catalyst reaction unit 20 disposed in the reactor body 10 and spaced apart from the catalyst reaction unit 20;
A burner pipe 50 inserted into the catalytic reactor 20 from below;
A catalytic gas inlet pipe (80) inserted into the space between the reactor body (10) and the catalytic reactor (20) through a lower end of the reactor body (10); And
And a discharge portion (70) for discharging the reforming catalyst gas and the burner combustion gas in a state of being disposed on the upper portion of the reactor body (10)
In order to increase the heat exchange contact area between the reforming catalyst gas and the burner combustion gas, the catalytic reactor 20 may be a corrugated tube type,
Cylindrical Steam Reforming Reactor.
The method according to claim 1,
The cylindrical steam reforming reactor comprises:
And a combustion gas flow guide part (60) coupled to a lower end of the catalytic reaction part (20)
The combustion gas flow guide part 60 includes a ring-shaped guide part body 62 and a combustion gas flow hole 64 formed along the guide part body 62,
The burner combustion gas flowing downward through the space between the burner pipe 50 and the catalytic reacting part 20 flows into the reactor body 10 through the flow hole 64 of the guide part body 62, Which is located at the lower end portion of the flow path,
Cylindrical Steam Reforming Reactor.
The method according to claim 1,
The catalytic reaction unit 20 includes an outer catalytic reaction unit 30 and an inner catalytic reaction unit 40 disposed inwardly of the outer catalytic reaction unit 30,
The upper end of the catalytic gas inlet pipe (80) is connected to the lower end of the outer surface of the outer catalytic reaction part (30)
Cylindrical Steam Reforming Reactor.
The method of claim 3,
The upper end of the outer catalytic reaction part 30 is kept lower than the upper end of the reactor body 10 and the upper end of the inner catalytic reaction part 40 is lower than the upper end of the outer catalytic reaction part 30 Lt; / RTI >
The upper end of the inner catalytic reaction part (40)
Cylindrical Steam Reforming Reactor.
The method of claim 3,
The outer catalytic reaction part 30 includes a cylindrical catalytic reaction part body 310, a body wrinkle part 320 bent on the catalytic reaction part body 310, A catalytic gas flow portion 340 constituting a lower portion of the catalytic reaction portion body 310 and a catalytic gas inlet pipe connection portion 340 formed on the catalytic gas flow portion 340, (350)
The upper end of the catalyst gas inlet pipe (80) communicates with the catalyst gas inlet pipe connection hole (350)
Cylindrical Steam Reforming Reactor.

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