KR101627143B1 - Apparatus and method of welding - Google Patents

Abstract

A welding apparatus is provided. The welding apparatus includes a welding machine having a welding torch for manually welding an object to be welded, a power supply for supplying power to the welding machine, a temperature, voltage and current measuring sensor for measuring welding variables of temperature, An alarm generator for indicating an abnormal state when measured values of temperature, voltage, and current measured by the measurement sensor are different from a reference value, data for welding the welding object, And a controller that processes the data related to the welding operation, compares the measurement value measured by the measurement sensor with a reference value, and operates the alarm generator when an abnormal condition occurs do.

Description

[0001] APPARATUS AND METHOD OF WELDING [0002]

The present invention relates to a welding apparatus and method for improving welding quality by performing welding while confirming welding conditions in performing welding using a manual welding machine.

Welding procedure specifications are required to provide the necessary information for quality control during welding work planning and welding. The welding procedure specification is a guide to how the welding should proceed during production of the product. Its purpose is to support the planning and quality control of welding operations.

Conventionally, the welder performs manual welding according to the instructions of the welding procedure specification. The welder welds according to the welding conditions of the welding procedure specification. When one welding pass is completed, the welder thermally measures the interlayer temperature using a thermometer to measure the temperature between the passes.

In such a case, a temperature check omission may occur. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to ensure the integrity of the welded part because the welder can not confirm the current value / voltage value during welding.

In order to ensure the quality of welding, it is important to follow the instructions for the pre-welding and post-welding processes in addition to confirming the welding variables such as temperature, current value and voltage value during actual welding work.

However, when the welder simply performs the welding according to the instructions of the welding procedure specification, the work instructions required in the pre- and post-welding processes may not be followed and may be omitted.

Japanese Patent No. 5,351,496 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-46848

An object of the present invention is to provide a welder that automatically measures temperature, voltage, and current for each welding pass during manual welding and displays the measured value on a display device so that the welder can recognize the weld value, And an alarm is generated so as to secure welding quality.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a welder who confirms the work instructions required for manual welding and before and after welding, and when welding is completed, the welder inputs the welding instructions directly through the input device, To be processed and stored through a controller so as to prevent missing of a guideline required in the welding work specification, thereby ensuring welding quality.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welding apparatus comprising a welding machine having a welding torch for manually welding a welding object, a power supply for supplying power to the welding machine, a temperature measuring unit for measuring welding variables of temperature, And an alarm generator for indicating an abnormal state when measured values of temperature, voltage and current measured from the measurement sensor are different from reference values, An input unit for inputting a predetermined command so as to input or retrieve data and processing data related to the welding operation, comparing and measuring a measured value measured from the measurement sensor with a reference value, The controller

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of welding a workpiece comprising the steps of: obtaining welding data for manually welding a welding object; and manually performing welding of the welding object, An alarm is generated in the case of an abnormal temperature, a temperature is re-measured after a predetermined time, and the next welding pass is resumed when the temperature has reached the proper temperature. And calculating an average value of the voltage and current while welding the welding pass, comparing the measured value with a reference value, generating an alarm when the welding condition is determined to be in an untimely state, and causing the welder to re- And if it is judged that the welding state is judged to be in the state, the next welding pass is carried out.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature, voltage, and current are automatically measured for each welding pass while the welder performs the manual welding, and the measured value is displayed on the display unit, Hour alarm, so that the welder can recognize the welding parameters during welding and can take appropriate measures to improve the welding quality.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, in performing manual welding, the welding person confirms the welding instructions required in the pre-welding step, the welding performing step, and the post-welding step using a separate confirmation system, The weld quality can be improved by avoiding missing confirmation.

1 is a view showing a configuration of a welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a flowchart illustrating a manual welding process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a flow chart showing the process of the welding step of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Each embodiment describes various aspects of the invention. For example, the features described with respect to one embodiment may be used as another alternative to be replaced with another embodiment.

1 is a view showing a configuration of a welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, a welding apparatus 1 includes a welding machine 3, a power supply 5, a temperature measuring sensor 7, a voltage measuring sensor 8, a current measuring sensor 9, an indicator 11, A generator 13, an input device 15, a controller 19, and the like.

The welding machine (3) comprises a welding torch for manually welding the object (2) to be welded. The welding machine 3 has a method such as Shield Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding (GTAW), and Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) .

The object (2) to be welded may contain articles made from nuclear reactors.

SMAW welding, also called stick or plain arc welding, is a method of obtaining an adhesion by generating an electric arc between the coated metal electrode and the object to be welded.

GTAW welding is suitable for welding relatively thin sheet, strip, or tubing. It is used in the field where the root pass welding and excellent welding quality are required. do. The molten metal can be adjusted for robust welding in a good condition with little need for finishing such as slag removal.

FCAW welding uses a flux cored wire filled with flux inside the wire used for welding. In case of welding without protective gas, it is called self-protection plus cored arc welding. When using separate protective gas, it is called protective gas flux cored arc welding. Unlike SMAW, non-explosive is at the center of the core. Unlike SMAW, where the covering material surrounds the core wire, it can be easily understood that the core wires surround the covering material. FCAW is supplied with welding rod automatically and protects the weld by supplying CO ₂ gas from the outside.

The power supply 5 supplies power to the welder 3 and is connected to the welder 3 via a connecting member 6. The connecting member 6 may include an electric wire for electrically connecting the power supply 5 and the welder 3. [

The temperature measuring sensor 7, the voltage measuring sensor 8 and the current measuring sensor 9 are configured to measure welding variables of temperature, voltage and current for each welding pass. The welding pass means a single welding operation performed along the proceeding direction of the welding, that is, one row of beads.

The temperature measuring sensor 7 includes a contact sensor 7a provided directly on the welding object 2 and a noncontact sensor 7b provided indirectly around the welded portion of the welding object 2.

The display device 11 displays measured values measured from the temperature, voltage, and current measurement sensors 7 to 9 described above. In this manner, measured values relating to the measured temperature, voltage, and current are displayed on the display device 11 during welding for each welding pass so that the welder performs welding while recognizing the welding parameters.

In addition to the measured values of temperature, voltage and current measured during the welding, the indicator 11 can display contents related to the welding instructions required at the pre-welding step. The indicator 11 may have an output device function for displaying various welding information regarding the object 2 to be welded.

In another embodiment, the touch screen may be configured as a touch screen having an input function. That is, the display device 11 can be configured to have an input / output function.

The alarm generator 13 is configured to notify an abnormal state when measured values of temperature, voltage, and current measured from the measurement sensors 7 to 9 are different from the reference value. The alarm generator 13 may include a warning light, a sound, or a display window displayed on the indicator 22. [

In another embodiment, the alarm generator 13 may generate an alarm when it is determined that the measured temperature is not in an appropriate state after preheating the welded part through the preheater 23 in the pre-welding step.

In an alternative embodiment, the alarm generator 13 may generate an alarm during non-operation of the portable drying oven 23 when using an electrode, for example, a coated electrode, during the welding operation.

In another embodiment, the alarm generator 13 may generate an alarm when various conditions do not meet the welding conditions required in the pre-welding step, the welding performing step, and the post-welding step.

The input device 15 is configured so that the welder can directly input the data required for manual welding, for example, the instructions of the welding procedure specification, or input the instruction to load the stored data through a separate storage device.

For example, the welder may directly input a reference value relating to welding variables required for each welding pass required during the welding step, for example, temperature, voltage, and current through the input device 15, or may be stored through a separate storage device The value can be called.

In addition, the input device 15 can directly input items related to the welding instructions required by the welding person during the manual welding in the pre-welding process including the pre-welding stage, the welding performing stage, and the post-welding stage, .

In order to secure the quality of welding, it is necessary to observe the welder in the welding step as well as before and after welding.

At the pre-welding stage, it is necessary to confirm, for example, whether the welder has a suitable electrode for welding, cleanliness of the weld, whether it is preheated, or whether it is stored in a portable drying oven in case of a coated electrode.

At the post-welding phase, it is necessary to confirm, for example, that the welder is to maintain the weld heat, clean the weld, return the residual welding rod and flux in accordance with established standards, confirm welding conditions, and QC inspection items.

The purpose of the post heat is to remove the residual stress generated during the heating and cooling process due to the welding heat.

The welder directly clicks the completion button required by each step, and when the check is completed, the welder directly clicks the completion button formed on the input device 15 or the display device 11 to proceed to the next step. At this time, if there is a lack of confirmation of the instruction required at each step, an alarm may be generated and recognized by the welder.

Through this operation, it is possible to induce the welder to carefully check each instruction item required in the welding procedure specification sheet, thereby preventing the omission of the instruction, thereby improving the welding quality.

The controller 19 compares and judges the measured value measured from the measuring sensors 7 to 9 with the reference value during the manual welding of the welder, activates the alarm generator 13 when the abnormal condition occurs, Through the display 11, the measured values measured from the display unit 11, as shown in FIG. Through such a configuration, the welder is able to carry out the welding work while perceiving the welding variables relating to the inter-layer temperature, voltage and current for each welding pass, and take appropriate measures, thereby securing the welding quality.

The controller 19 compares and determines the welding parameters, that is, the inter-layer temperature and the voltage current, and controls the alarm and display functions in the welding operation in which the welding is practically carried out as described above. And to perform data processing on the instructions.

That is, when the welder inputs the instructions required by the welder through the input device 15, the controller 19 receives and processes the input various data, and outputs the result to the display device 11, The alarm generator 11, and the like. [0031] In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.

The welding apparatus 1 may further include a preheater 21 and a portable drying oven 23.

Preheating prevents the cooling rate control and quenching of welds, prevents pores and hydrogen permeation cracks by removing surface moisture, reduces strain and residual stress, and maintains thermal balance.

The thermal balance is necessary to prevent quenching by thickening the thick side and the thin side to cause thick defects such as poor penetration due to quenching, thereby preheating the thick side and preheating the thick side.

Next, a method of performing welding using the welding apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a manual welding process according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a process of a welding performing step in FIG.

1 and 2, the welding method includes a welding data securing step (S100), a welding pre-processing step (S300), a welding performing step (S500), and a post-welding processing step (S700).

In the welding data acquisition step (S100), the welder inputs welding data related to the welding object 2 to perform the work, for example, data of the welding procedure specification sheet. The data input may be input by the welder directly through the input device 15 or by loading the welding procedure specification previously stored in a separate storage device via the input device 15. [

The Welding Procedure Specification contains information on the compliance of welding operations, working conditions, and preheating operations.

When data for welding the welding object 2 is secured through the welding data securing step S100, the pre-welding processing step S300 is executed.

The pre-welding step (S300) execution can be configured to be executed when the welder directly selects the welding start command. The welding start can be performed by providing a display window for asking whether or not welding is started in the indicator 11 and selecting the execution button provided in the input device 15 or the display device 11 by the welding person.

If the execution of welding is selected by the welder, the process items to be observed by the welder before welding are displayed through the indicator 11. [

Pre-treatment items may include verification of welding electrode qualities, cleanliness of welds, pre-heating, or storage in portable drying ovens for coated electrodes, and QC inspection specifications.

When the items described above are displayed through the display device 11, the welder confirms the contents of each item and performs a confirmation operation while pressing the OK button when the confirmation of each item is completed. Here, an operation of directly inputting the confirmed data can be performed.

When the welder completes the pre-weld process compliance item, the pre-weld process completion button is selected to execute the weld implementation step. At this time, if the pre-weld process compliance item confirmation is missing, an alarm is generated and notified to the welder.

When the welder checks the missing compliance item and selects the next step transition button, the welding execution step is executed.

In the pre-welding step, when preheating is required, the welder preheats the object to be welded 21 through the preheater 21. The preheating temperature is measured through the contact sensor 7a or the non-contact sensor 7b.

The controller 19 compares the measured value with respect to the preheating temperature and the reference value with respect to the preheating temperature, and generates an alarm through the alarm generator 13 when it is determined that the preheating temperature is not the proper temperature. At this time, the temperature measurement value is displayed through the display device 11 and can be recognized by the welder.

The preheating temperature sensing can be measured by a temperature sensor 7 which measures the interlayer temperature in the welding step.

It is possible to perform a procedure for confirming the welder qualification in the pre-welding process step (S300). Welder qualification verification may include entering the welder name, lot number, date of certification, qualification code, and the like.

Referring to FIG. 3, every time one welding pass is performed (S501) in the welding step S500, the interlayer temperature, the voltage, the current (S503).

The measured values of temperature, voltage and current are displayed (S505) through the display unit 11 so that the welder can check the measured values.

The controller 19 compares the measured value with the reference value (S507).

As a result of the determination, if it is determined that the temperature is appropriate, the measured value related to the voltage and the current is compared with the reference value (S513).

If it is determined that the temperature is an unreasonable temperature, an alarm is generated through the alarm generator 13 (S508).

The controller 19 determines whether a certain period of time has elapsed since the completion of one welding pass and the interlayer temperature was measured (S509).

After a predetermined time has elapsed, if the measured value from the temperature sensor 7 and the reference value relating to the temperature are compared again, the next welding pass is performed (S511).

On the other hand, the measured value measured from the voltage sensor 8 and the current sensor 9 is compared with a reference value. Here, the side values related to the voltage and current for the comparison determination are average values during one welding pass. The controller 19 performs a series of arithmetic operations to obtain an average value of the measured values transmitted from the voltage sensor 8 and the current sensor 9 during one welding pass.

In the voltage and current judgment step S513, when it is judged that the voltage and the current are in the non-proper state, an alarm is generated through the alarm generator 13, the welder recognizes the non-proper state, (S515).

If it is determined that the measured value of temperature, voltage, and current is compared with the reference value and it is determined that the measured value is appropriate, the next welding pass is performed (S511), and the above-described series of processes are repeatedly performed.

The welding step S500 may further include determining whether the portable drying oven 23 is operating.

The portable drying oven 23 is used to dry the coated electrode. If the coating material absorbs moisture, the welding rod becomes difficult to be welded, and the hydrogen content in the deposited metal increases, causing welding defects such as blow holes, pits and cracks. Therefore, it is necessary to dry Should be used. During the welding operation, the controller 19 checks whether the portable welding and drying oven 23 is operating, and generates an alarm during non-operation so that it can be recognized by the welder.

On the other hand, when the welding pass is appropriately completed, it is asked through the display device 11 whether or not the welding is completed (S517). As a result of the determination, if the welding is not completed, the above-described series of processing steps are repeated, and when it is determined that the welding is completed, the corresponding data is stored and the series of processing operations is completed.

Here, whether or not the welding is completed is directly inputted by the welder through the input device 21. [

During the welding as described above, the inter-layer temperature, the voltage value, and the current value are automatically measured for each welding pass through the temperature sensor 7, the voltage sensor 8, and the current sensor 9, 11) to be recognized by the welder. On the other hand, it is possible to compare the measurement values with the reference value, and to inform the abnormal state that the welder appropriately takes measures to improve the welding quality while checking the welding quality during the welding operation.

When the welder clicks the welding completion button via the input device 21 as described above, the screen of the display device 11 is switched to the post-welding processing stage.

The indicator 11 indicates post-treatment items that the welder must observe at the post-weld treatment stage.

The indicator 11 can display items relating to, for example, the maintenance of the rear heat, the cleanliness of the welded part, the return of the residual electrode, and the flux according to established standards, confirmation of satisfactory weld quality, and quality control (QC) have.

The welder recognizes the items displayed on the indicator (11), checks items on each item, and then the welder checks that the item has been confirmed. For example, in the display device 11, a confirmation window for confirming the item is provided for each item, and when the welder completes the check and clicks the corresponding confirmation window, the confirmation status is completed.

At this time, if data entry is required in the confirmation item, the welder can directly input the check result through the input device.

If the welder completes the matter in the post-weld treatment step (S700), if the welder clicks the completion button through the input device 15, the controller 19 determines that the welding process , And stores the data.

Even if the welder clicks the weld completion button, an alarm is generated and an unchecked item is displayed if the required compliance in the post-treatment step is not completely checked, thereby preventing the welder from missing the required compliance in the post-treatment phase do. As a result, welding quality can be secured.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments described above, the present invention is not limited thereto but is limited by the following claims. Accordingly, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the following claims.

1: Welding device 2: Welding object
3: Welding machine 5: Power supply
7: Temperature sensor 8: Voltage sensor
9: current sensor 11: indicator
13: Alarm generator 15: Input device
19:

Claims (20)

A welder having a welding torch for manually welding the object;
A power supply for supplying power to the welding machine;
Temperature, voltage and current measuring sensors for measuring welding variables of temperature, voltage and current for each welding pass;
An indicator for displaying a measured value from the measurement sensor;
An alarm generator for indicating an abnormal state when measured values of temperature, voltage, and current measured by the measurement sensor are different from reference values;
An input device for inputting a predetermined command to input or retrieve data for welding the object to be welded; And
And a controller for processing the data related to the welding operation, comparing the measured value measured from the measurement sensor with a reference value, and operating the alarm generator when an abnormal condition occurs,
A current sensor for measuring the current and a voltage sensor for measuring the voltage are connected to a connection for connecting the welder and the power supply. The welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is provided in contact with or non-contact with the object to be welded. delete The welding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a portable drying oven for drying the electrode, wherein the controller is configured to check whether the portable drying oven is operating in a welding step in which the welding is performed, and to generate an alarm at non-operation. The welding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a preheater for preheating the welding object before welding the welding object,
Wherein the controller preheats the welding object through the preheater, compares the measured temperature with the reference preheating temperature, and generates an alarm upon determination of an unrequired temperature. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to process data prior to or after the welding, wherein the pre-welding step, the welding performing step, and the welding step And to process the data for each step. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller compares the measurement value with respect to the temperature after completion of the welding pass and compares the measured value with the reference value again when it is determined that the measurement value is a non- To output a signal to resume the next welding pass. Obtaining welding data for manually welding the object to be welded; And
And manually welding the object to be welded using the welding apparatus of the first aspect,
The welding step may include measuring a temperature, a voltage, and a current for each welding pass;
Comparing the measured value with the reference value, generating an alarm in case of an abnormal temperature, re-measuring the temperature after a predetermined time, and restarting the next welding pass when the predetermined temperature is reached; And
An average value of the voltage and current is calculated while the welding pass is being welded, and a comparison is made with the reference value. If it is determined that the welded path is in an unsteady state, an alarm is generated to cause the welder to re- Thereby allowing the next welding pass to be performed. The welding method according to claim 8, wherein in the welding data acquisition step, the welding person directly inputs data for welding or loads data previously stored in a predetermined storage device. The welding method according to claim 9, wherein, in the welding data securing step, the welder directly inputs a reference value relating to the temperature, voltage, and current for comparing and measuring measured values regarding the temperature, voltage, and current. The method according to claim 9, wherein in the welding data acquisition step, when the work procedure specification sheet related to the welding object to be welded is selected by the welding person, data of the work procedure specification sheet stored in advance in the storage device is automatically recognized, A welding method in which a reference value for current is set automatically. The welding method according to claim 9, wherein the measured values relating to the temperature, the voltage, and the current are displayed in real time through a display device so that the welder can recognize the measured values. 10. The method as claimed in claim 9, further comprising the steps of: measuring an inter-layer temperature after the welding pass welding; generating an alarm when the measured temperature value does not reach a reference value; The welding method in which the welder welds the next welding pass when the re-measured temperature is reached. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the determination of the current and voltage comprises: calculating an average value of the current and voltage during the welding pass; generating an alarm when the calculated average value is different from the reference value; A welding method for performing welding. The method of claim 9, further comprising: prior to welding the object to be welded, allowing the welder to confirm the welding pre-treatment item, and after the confirmation of the welding pre-treatment item, ≪ / RTI > 16. The welding method according to claim 15, wherein the welding pre-treatment item includes confirmation of whether or not the welding electrode is proper, whether the welding member is clean, whether it is pre-heated, or whether it is stored in a portable drying oven in case of a coated electrode, and QC inspection specification. The welding method according to claim 16, wherein the preheating temperature is measured after completion of the preheating, and the alarm is generated when the measured temperature is compared with the reference temperature to determine an unrequired temperature. The welding method according to claim 9, wherein, in the step of welding the welding object, whether a portable drying oven is operated or not when an electrode requiring dry storage is used, and an alarm is generated during non-operation. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein when the welder completes the welding in the all-time welding step and inputs the welding completion state, the confirmation items required in the post-welding step are displayed to allow the welder to check the post- Welding method that generates a time alarm. 20. The welding method according to claim 19, wherein the post-weld confirmation item includes a post heat holding, a clean state of the welded part, a residual welding rod, returning the flux according to an established standard, confirming whether the welding specification is satisfied, and confirming the QC inspection item.

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