KR101623418B1 - stirling engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a Stirling engine using rapid gasification of a mixture of water and air which comprises a heat source to rapidly gasify water sprayed to an expansion chamber of a cylinder and rapidly expand internal air. The Stirling engine comprises: a cylinder (10) having a working fluid in an expansion chamber (10a) and a reciprocating piston (11); a connecting rod (21) connected to the piston (11); a crank shaft (20) connected to the connecting rod (21) to convert reciprocating motion of the piston (11) into rotational motion and mounted on a flywheel (22); and a heat source (30) to heat the working fluid. The cylinder (10) has a bottom unit which comes in contact with the expansion chamber (10a) below a bottom dead center of the piston (11) and consists of an insulation unit (12). A plurality of water spray ports (42) are formed on a wall of the cylinder (10) which comes in contact with the expansion chamber (10a). One end of a water spray nozzle (43) is connected to a water tank (41), and the water spray nozzle (43) is installed on the water spray ports (42). Water periodically sprayed to the expansion chamber (10a) of the cylinder (10) through the water spray nozzle (43) is rapidly gasified by heat transferred through the insulation unit (12) and rapidly expanded with air which is the working fluid of the expansion chamber (10a) of the cylinder (10) to move the piston (11) forwards. The piston (11) reciprocates by rapid vaporization (gasification) of a mixture of the water and the air in the expansion chamber of the cylinder to obtain motion energy for rotating the crank shaft.

Description

Stirling engine {stirling engine}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stuttering engine using a rapid evaporation of a water-air mixture, and more particularly, to a stuttering engine that rapidly vaporizes water injected into a cylinder expansion chamber, To a stalling engine using the stator.

Recently, as interest in finding new energy sources has increased, the importance of recovering and reusing low-temperature exhaust gas or cooling water due to sensible heat (heat), etc., which may occur in almost all fields of industry, is increasing. In the field of renewable energy, deep-seated geothermal water of about 100 ° C is a representative example, and in the case of solar heat, hot water of 200 ° C or less can be obtained even by not focusing.

Therefore, although the amount of such low-temperature thermal energy is large, in reality, the technological development of transitioning to a practical use environment of more efficient and economical energy is not yet widely used at a low level and in reality, It is preferable to convert it into electrical energy for use.

The organic Rankine cycle has been known to be used to convert the above-mentioned low-temperature heat energy into high-energy energy. Such an organic Rankine cycle is a type of power cycle that makes it possible to obtain shaft power with a relatively high thermal efficiency even under low temperature heat source conditions by using an organic heating medium having a higher vapor pressure than water as a working fluid.

For example, the known organic Rankine cycle is an interrelated construction of independent components such as circulation pumps, turbines, condensers, and evaporators, which generate axial forces while expanding in the turbine after the working fluid is vaporized in the evaporator, And then fed back to the evaporator by the pump.

However, the known organic Rankine system is not easy to start and stop so far, because the apparatus is complicated in structure, requires a large amount of organic heating medium, and precisely controls each element apparatus.

For example, such an organic Rankine system is mainly applied to a MW-class or higher-capacity power generation system. That is, it is not suitable to apply to a low-temperature heat source in which the generation capacity is several hundreds of kW or less and the supply condition of the heat source is unstable and frequent start and stop is repeated.

On the other hand, in contrast to the organic Rankine system in which such a low-temperature heat source is not easy to apply, the stirling engine uses a gas such as air as a working fluid, and each component constituting the power cycle is composed of one engine. It is easy to operate.

Since such a stirling engine has the highest thermal efficiency among the power cycles, it is very simple in structure when compared with the organic Rankine system as described above. However, when converting the middle-low temperature thermal energy into the power, .

One example of a stuttering engine using a working fluid such as air as described above is shown in Patent Documents 1 to 4. In the case of the stairing engine disclosed in the patent literature, a separate structure or structure for increasing the conductivity of heat transmitted to the working fluid .

That is, in the 'heat transfer promotion type stirling engine' of Patent Document 1, when the heating source such as steam heats the heating tube, the volume of the working fluid is expanded, and when the cooling source such as cooling water cools the cooling tube, The display is moved. In the 'Stirling engine' of Patent Document 2, the display is moved together with the piston while the volume of the working fluid is expanded when the heat source is heated by the heat transfer stud. In the 'patent document 3' Type stirling engine 'is that the working fluid is injected into the scroll compressor and the scroll expander while being cooled and heated in the cooler and the heater, and the' Stirling engine 'of Patent Document 4 is an industrial waste heat, The high temperature expansion of the gas in the high-temperature expansion cylinder with the built-in display is heated To provide a force.

Patent Documents 1 to 4 as described above have a problem that heat energy of a heat source is lost in the process of being transferred to a working fluid through a heating tube, an electrothermal stud, a cooler and a heater, a high temperature expansion cylinder, There is a limit to the conversion into the kinetic energy of the piston or the like required only by expansion of the working fluid.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0745820 (Published on Aug. 30, 2007) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0804278 (Published on Feb. 18, 2008) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1136798 (Published on Apr. 19, 2012) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1259394 (Publication date 2013. 04. 30.)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a stuttering engine capable of converting thermal energy into kinetic energy such as a piston by using a rapid evaporation The purpose is to provide.

Further, the present invention provides a stirling engine that minimizes heat loss by constituting a cylinder for transferring heat energy of a heat source to air in a cylinder and water sprayed into a cylinder, from a material having high thermal conductivity and good shrinkage resistance. There is a purpose.

As described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder having a piston in which a working fluid is contained in an expansion chamber and reciprocating motion, a connecting rod connected to the piston, a piston connected to the connecting rod, And a heat source for heating a working fluid, wherein the cylinder has a bottom portion in contact with the expansion chamber below the bottom dead center of the piston, the bottom portion being a heat transfer portion, and the cylinder wall contacting the expansion chamber A plurality of water jet openings are formed in the water jet opening; Wherein said plurality of water jetting openings are installed in a water jetting nozzle connected to said water tank at one time; The water injected into the expansion chamber of the cylinder periodically through the water injection nozzle is rapidly vaporized by the heat transmitted through the heat transfer portion and the air as the working oil of the cylinder expansion chamber rapidly expands to advance the piston Lt; / RTI >

According to one aspect of the present invention, the heat transfer portion of the cylinder is formed of a stone plate having high thermal conductivity and good shrinkage resistance.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a heat sink is formed on an outer wall of the cylinder in contact with the cooling chamber.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a bypass flow path for guiding air flow between the expansion chamber and the cooling chamber of the cylinder is formed on the side wall of the cylinder when the piston reciprocates.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drain portion connected between the expansion chamber of the cylinder and the water tank, for sending condensed water in the cylinder expansion chamber to the water tank.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the drain portion is provided with a check valve for blocking the inflow of water from the water tank into the cylinder expansion chamber.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the water injection nozzle is provided with a check valve for shutting off the flow of air including steam from the cylinder expansion chamber to the water tank.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the heat source heats the heat transfer portion of the cylinder to 100 to 400 캜.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the speed of the reciprocating motion of the piston is controlled by the temperature of the heat source for heating the heat transfer portion of the cylinder.

According to the present invention, water is injected into the cylinder expansion chamber by the thermal energy of the heat source and is rapidly evaporated, so that the thermal energy of the heat source is converted into kinetic energy of the piston or the like using the expansion of the working fluid such as air and the rapid evaporation There is an effect that can be done.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the cylinder for transferring the heat energy of the heat source to the air in the cylinder and to the water sprayed into the cylinder is made of a material having high thermal conductivity and good heat-shrinkage property. Thus, in the process of converting thermal energy of the heat source into kinetic energy The heat loss of the heat exchanger can be minimized.

1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a stirling engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stirling engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a stirling engine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a stirling engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, a stirling engine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cylinder 10 having a piston 11 in which an operating fluid is contained and reciprocating in an expansion chamber 10a, a piston 10 11 and connected to the connecting rod 21 to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston 11 into rotational motion and to heat the crankshaft 20 and the working fluid coupled to the flywheel 22, In the stuttering engine having the heat source (30), the cylinder (10) is constituted by the heat transfer portion (12) contacting with the expansion chamber (10a) under the bottom dead center of the piston (11) A plurality of water injection openings 42 are formed in the wall of the cylinder 10 in contact with the water tank 41 and a plurality of water injection openings 42 are provided in the water injection nozzle 43 whose one end is connected to the water tank 41, The water injected into the expansion chamber 10a of the cylinder 10 periodically through the heat transfer portion 12 is rapidly radiated through the heat transfer portion 12 The air in the cylinder 10 is expanded by the heat source 30 by advancing the piston 11 by rapidly expanding the air as the working oil in the expansion chamber 10a of the cylinder 10, Water is rapidly evaporated (vaporized) to generate kinetic energy for reciprocating the piston 11.

The crankshaft 20 is rotatably coupled to the support members 61 and 62 in the same manner that the crankshaft is rotatably coupled to the engine block in various types of conventional engines. The motion is converted into the rotational motion of the crankshaft 20. A pumping means such as a pump, not shown, is provided on the water injection nozzle 43, which is connected between the water tank 41 and the cylinder 10 and has a water injection opening 42 at its end, A control board 70 connected to a sensor such as a top dead center sensor 15 or a bottom dead center sensor 16 capable of detecting the position of the crankshaft 20 or the rotational angle of the crankshaft 20, (41) is sprayed into the expansion chamber (10a) of the cylinder (10) in a spraying manner.

In the embodiment of the present invention as described above, the heat transfer portion 12 of the cylinder 10 in contact with the heat source 30 may be made of a stone plate having high thermal conductivity and good shrinkage resistance, A metal plate such as aluminum or the like is laminated on the surface or both surfaces of the cylinder 10 so as to be accommodated in the heat transfer portion 12 of the cylinder 10 from the heat source 30, that is, the expansion chamber 10a of the cylinder 10 positioned below the bottom dead center It is possible to increase the heat efficiency to be transferred from the air and the water jet opening 42.

In the embodiment of the present invention as described above, the heat sink 13 having various shapes and shapes is formed on the outer wall of the cylinder 10 in contact with the cooling chamber 10b positioned above the top dead center, It is possible to maximize the temperature difference between the air in the expansion chamber 10a and the air in the expansion chamber 10a by cooling the circulated air heated in the expansion chamber 10a.

The heat sink 13 is integrally formed with the cylinder 10 or is formed as a separate component and is integrally coupled to the outer wall of the cylinder 10. The heat sink 13 may be formed of a heat dissipating fin or the like for expanding a contact area with air, For example, various cooling means used in an engine of an automobile.

In the embodiment of the present invention as described above, when the piston 11 is reciprocated on the sidewall of the cylinder 10, the bypass flow path for guiding the air flow between the expansion chamber 10a and the cooling chamber 10b of the cylinder 10, The resistance force applied to the piston 11 when the piston 11 descending to the bottom dead center rises due to the evaporation of air and water having received heat from the heat source 30 can be reduced, It is possible to impart a resistance force to the piston 11 when the piston 11 descending due to inertia of the flywheel 22 is lowered.

The bypass passage 14 may be opened regardless of the position of the piston 11 or may be a separate valve that is opened or closed under the control of the control board 70. Depending on the position of the piston 11, And can be selectively opened and closed.

In the embodiment of the present invention as described above, the drain 10 is connected between the expansion chamber 10a of the cylinder 10 and the water tank 41, and the condensate in the expansion chamber 10a of the cylinder 10 is discharged to the water tank 41 The condensed water generated in the process of evaporating the heat from the heat source 30 and reciprocating the piston 11 in the expansion chamber 10a of the cylinder 10 is circulated to the tank 41 So that the internal environment of the expansion chamber 10a can be optimized.

A check valve 44a for blocking the inflow of water from the water tank 41 into the expansion chamber 10a of the cylinder 10 is provided in the drain portion 44 as described above so that the piston 11, The water in the water injection nozzle 41 does not flow into the expansion chamber 10a of the cylinder 10 through the drain portion 44 and the check valve 43a is provided in the water injection nozzle 43, The air containing the steam in the expansion chamber 10a of the hour cylinder 10 does not escape to the water tank 41 through the water injection nozzle 43. [

In the embodiment of the present invention as described above, the heat source 30 heats the heat transfer portion 12 of the cylinder 10 with heat of 100 to 400 캜, and as the heat source, fossil fuel such as coal, oil, gas, Charcoal, electric wire, etc., as well as industrial waste heat can be used.

In the embodiment of the present invention as described above, the piston 11 is controlled by the temperature of the heat source 30 that heats the heat transfer portion 12 of the cylinder 10, so that the reciprocating speed of the piston 11, The rotation speed of the rotor 20 and the intensity of the electric energy can be adjusted.

The present invention as described above includes the generator 50 for converting the kinetic energy of the piston 11 into electric energy on the crankshaft 20 so that the control board 70, the pump, various valves, The device can generate the required power.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be determined by the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, Modification is possible. Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should be understood only in accordance with the following claims, and all equivalents or equivalent variations thereof are included in the scope of the present invention.

10: cylinder 10a: expansion chamber
10b: cooling chamber 11: piston
12: heat transfer part 13: heat sink
14: Bypass flow path 15: Top dead center sensor
16: bottom dead center sensor 20: crankshaft
21: connecting rod 22: flywheel
30: heat source 41: water tank
42: water jetting nozzle 43: water jetting nozzle
44: drain portion 43a, 44a: check valve
50: generator 61, 62: support member
70: control board

Claims (9)

A cylinder having a bottom portion under the bottom dead center of the reciprocating piston and a wall thereon and having an expansion chamber containing a working fluid, a connecting rod having one end connected to the piston, a piston connected to the other end of the connecting rod, A crankshaft coupled to the flywheel and a heat source for heating the working fluid, the stirling engine comprising:
A heat transfer unit including a stone plate having high thermal conductivity and good axial heat resistance and being formed at the bottom of the expansion chamber of the cylinder;
A plurality of water jetting openings formed in the wall of the expansion chamber of the cylinder; And
And a plurality of water injection nozzles, one end of which is connected to the water tank and the other end of which is connected to each of the plurality of water jetting openings,
Wherein the air in the cylinder expansion chamber and the water periodically injected into the expansion chamber of the cylinder through the water injection nozzle rapidly expand as the mixed working fluid is transferred through the heat transfer portion to advance the piston. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the heat transfer portion of the cylinder further comprises a metal plate laminated on one surface or both surfaces of the stone plate. The method according to claim 1,
And a heat sink is formed on an outer wall of the cylinder in contact with the cooling chamber. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
And a bypass flow path for guiding the air flow between the expansion chamber and the cooling chamber of the cylinder when the piston reciprocates is formed on the side wall of the cylinder. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
And a drain portion connected between the expansion chamber of the cylinder and the water tank, for sending condensed water in the cylinder expansion chamber to the water tank. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the drain portion is provided with a check valve for blocking water from flowing into the cylinder expansion chamber from the water tank. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Wherein the water injection nozzle is provided with a check valve for shutting off the flow of air including steam from the cylinder expansion chamber to the water tank. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Wherein the heat source heats the heat transfer portion of the cylinder with heat of 100 to 400 占 폚. delete

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