KR101620334B1 - Method of Measuring Blood Pressure and System for Measuring Blood Pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

The blood pressure measurement system according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of photo-plethysmography measurement sensors arranged at predetermined intervals and a communication unit for transmitting blood flow measurement values measured by the plurality of optical blood flow measurement sensors And a blood pressure calculator for receiving the blood flow measurement values measured by the plurality of optical blood flow measurement sensors and calculating the blood pressure from the received blood flow measurement value.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a method for measuring blood pressure,

The present invention relates to a blood pressure measuring method and a blood pressure measuring system using the same.

It is caused by the blood pumping action of the heart, and the pressure on the blood vessel wall is called the blood pressure. Methods for measuring blood pressure can be broadly divided into direct and indirect methods. In the direct method, a measuring instrument is inserted into a blood vessel, and a blood pressure is measured using a suitable pressure gauge. On the other hand, the indirect method involves closing the pressure pad that presses the upper arm, raising the stethoscope to hear the sound inside the pressure pad, raising the pressure of the pressure pad above the maximum blood pressure, gradually lowering the blood pressure of the Korotkoff sound , The blood pressure is measured when the pressure of the pressure pad is lowered and the Korotkoff sound disappears. The blood pressure at which the Korotkov sound is heard is the systolic pressure, which is the blood pressure when the heart contracts, and the diastolic pressure when the Korotkoff sound disappears. The indirect method is a blood pressure measurement method using this corticope sound.

If precise blood pressure measurement such as human surgery is required, the direct method and blood pressure measurement device using it are used. If urgent and precise blood pressure measurement is unnecessary, the blood pressure is measured using indirect method.

In the conventional blood pressure measurement method, the blood pressure measurement device using the direct method and the direct method has a problem that the measurement device must be invaded in the blood vessel of the subject in order to measure the blood pressure. Further, when the periodic blood pressure measurement like the hypertensive patient is essential, The measuring instrument should be inserted into the blood vessel. In addition, patients with diabetes may develop complications from wounds during invasion.

According to the blood pressure measuring apparatus using the indirect method and the indirect method, since the subject himself / herself must press the Cortocarp sound by using a stethoscope after being pressed, the blood pressure value can be measured inaccurately when the subject is a non-expert.

The present embodiment is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional blood pressure measuring method and blood pressure measuring apparatus, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a blood pressure measuring method and a blood pressure measuring apparatus capable of measuring blood pressure more accurately without invading the human body Which is one of the purposes of this embodiment. Another object of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure measuring method and a blood pressure measuring apparatus which can easily measure blood pressure only by simple preparation in measuring blood pressure.

The blood pressure measurement system according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of photo-plethysmography measurement sensors arranged at predetermined intervals and a communication unit for transmitting blood flow measurement values measured by the plurality of optical blood flow measurement sensors And a blood pressure calculator for receiving the blood flow measurement values measured by the plurality of optical blood flow measurement sensors and calculating the blood pressure from the received blood flow measurement value.

The blood pressure measurement method according to the present embodiment includes the steps of measuring a blood flow at a first point and a second point spaced apart by a predetermined interval, transmitting the measured blood flow data, Calculating a blood velocity between the second point and the second point, and calculating the blood pressure using the calculated blood velocity.

According to the blood pressure measurement system and the blood pressure measurement method according to the present embodiment, it is possible to accurately measure the blood pressure without invading the human body of the measurer, and it is possible to measure the blood pressure accurately regardless of the skill of the user do.

1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a blood pressure measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a flowchart showing an outline of a blood pressure measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram showing an overview of the optical blood flow sensor.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing blood flow graphs measured by an electrocardiogram (ECG) graph and a photorefractive blood flow (PPG) sensor.
5 is a view showing a state in which optical blood flow sensors 100a and 100b including one light emitting part and one light receiving part in a human's arm are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance L. FIG.

The description of the present invention is merely an example for structural or functional explanation, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the embodiments described in the text. That is, the embodiments are to be construed as being variously embodied and having various forms, so that the scope of the present invention should be understood to include equivalents capable of realizing technical ideas.

Meanwhile, the meaning of the terms described in the present application should be understood as follows.

The terms "first "," second ", and the like are used to distinguish one element from another and should not be limited by these terms. For example, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "on" another element, it may be directly on top of the other element, but other elements may be present in between. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "in contact" with another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. On the other hand, other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "intervening" and "intervening", between "between" and "immediately" or "neighboring" Direct neighbors "should be interpreted similarly.

It should be understood that the singular " include "or" have "are to be construed as including a stated feature, number, step, operation, component, It is to be understood that the combination is intended to specify that it is present and not to preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

Each step may take place differently from the stated order unless explicitly stated in a specific order in the context. That is, each step may occur in the same order as described, may be performed substantially concurrently, or may be performed in reverse order.

The drawings referred to for explaining embodiments of the present disclosure are exaggerated in size, height, thickness, and the like intentionally for convenience of explanation and understanding, and are not enlarged or reduced in proportion. In addition, any of the components shown in the drawings may be intentionally reduced, and other components may be intentionally enlarged.

All terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted to be consistent with the meanings in the context of the relevant art and can not be construed as having ideal or overly formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present application .

Hereinafter, a blood pressure measurement method and a blood pressure measurement system using the same according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a blood pressure measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an outline of a blood pressure measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a blood pressure measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of photo-plethysmography measurement sensors spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and a plurality of optical blood flow measurement sensors And a communication unit for transmitting the measured blood flow measurement values.

3 is a diagram showing an overview of the optical blood flow sensor. 1 to 3, the optical blood flow sensor (PPG sensor) 110 includes a light emitting part 112 for irradiating a blood vessel with light of any one of visible light, infrared light and laser light, and a light receiving part (114). The optical blood flow sensor may include one light emitting portion 112 and one light receiving portion 114 as shown in FIG. 3A, and one light emitting portion 112 and a plurality of light receiving portions 114 114). It is possible to arrange a plurality of light receiving portions so that light reflected from the blood vessel can be detected at an optimum position. As shown in FIG. 3C, the light emitting unit 112 may include a plurality of light emitting units 112 and a plurality of light receiving units 114. The plurality of light emitting units may be controlled to provide light at the same time, Can be controlled to provide a large amount of light.

In one embodiment, the light generated by the light emitting portion is irradiated to the blood vessel. The blood contains hemoglobin, and hemoglobin includes ferrum (Fe) as a main component. When the blood passes through the lung, the iron contained in the ferrum is oxidized to carry oxygen in the form of iron oxide (FeO ₂ ). As described above, the blood that carries oxygen in the form of iron oxide and the blood that supplies oxygen through capillary vessels have different reflectivities to the light generated by the light emitting unit. Therefore, the light emitting unit irradiates the light having a specific wavelength to the blood vessel, receives the light reflected therefrom, and measures the blood flow amount of the oxygen carrying the blood (S100). The measurement unit 100 may include a plurality of optical blood flow sensors 110 as shown in FIG. 1, and the plurality of optical blood flow sensors may be provided at predetermined distances Respectively.

In one embodiment, the measurement unit may include an electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor for measuring an electrocardiogram (ECG), and the blood velocity may be measured using the R wave of the electrocardiogram graph as a reference point.

The communication unit 120 receives the blood flow measurement values from the plurality of optical blood flow sensors, and transmits the blood flow measurement values together with the measured time data to the operation unit (S200). In one embodiment, when the measurement unit includes the electrocardiogram sensor for measuring the electrocardiogram, the communication unit may transmit the electrocardiogram data together with the blood flow measurement value and the time data to the operation unit.

In one embodiment, the communication unit transmits blood flow measurement values to the operation unit 200 through a short-range wireless network such as Near Field Communication (NFC), Zigbee, Bluetooth, and DSRC (Dedicated Short-Range Communications). In another embodiment, the communication unit 120 may be an asynchronous 3G W-CDMA communication protocol such as W-CDMA, HSDPA, HSUPA, and HSPA, a synchronous 3G-CDMA2000 such as CDMA2000, EV-DO REV.A, EV- Communication protocol and a 4G communication protocol such as LTE, LTE-A, Wibro, Wibro-Evolution, and Wimax2 to the operation unit 200. [

In an embodiment of the communication unit 120, a plurality of subscriber identification modules (SIMs) may be included for each communication unit. In one country, the coverage area where the communication service provider provides the communication service differs, so that the nationwide communication service may not be provided. Therefore, when the communication unit of the present embodiment transmits the blood flow data using the 3G communication with the remote blood pressure calculation unit and receives the calculated measured blood pressure, the normal communication may not be performed due to the coverage problem. Therefore, the blood pressure measuring device according to the present embodiment may include a plurality of subscriber identity modules so as to smoothly communicate in the area.

In one embodiment, the measurement unit 100 is implemented in the form of a band, and a plurality of optical blood flow sensors may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined length, and an ECG sensor may be disposed at a predetermined position. The bands having the measurement unit 100 may be mounted on upper left, upper right, lower left, lower right, or right lower brackets, respectively, and mounted on the left and right lower brackets at the same position to measure left and right blood flow differences and electrocardiogram of the patient. Further, the band provided with the measurement unit can be mounted on the lower limb and measure the blood pressure, blood platelet, electrocardiogram, and / or blood flow volume therefrom.

In another embodiment, the measurement unit 100 is implemented in the form of a toilet seat, and a plurality of optical blood flow sensors may be disposed at a portion of the toilet seat which contacts the thighs by a predetermined length. Therefore, it is possible to measure the blood pressure, blood platelets, electrocardiogram and / or blood flow difference in the left and right lower limbs of the measurer.

The blood pressure calculation unit 200 receives blood flow measurement values measured by the optical blood flow measurement sensors, and calculates blood pressure from the received blood flow measurement values. In one embodiment, the blood pressure arithmetic unit 200 may be remotely remote from the measurement unit 100 to receive blood flow measurements, electrocardiogram measurements from a 3G, 4G or short-range wireless communication network. The blood pressure calculation unit 200 may be implemented to calculate the blood pressure using, for example, blood flow measurement values received from a server. As another example, the blood pressure calculation unit may be implemented as any one of a mobile phone, a tablet, and a mobile terminal so as to receive a blood flow measurement value in accordance with a network protocol corresponding to the communication unit 120, and to calculate blood pressure therefrom.

In one embodiment, the blood pressure calculation unit 200 measures the blood pressure using a correlation between the blood flow rate, the blood velocity, and the blood pressure. FIG. 4 is a graph schematically showing ECG (electrocardiogram) and changes in the blood flow of the human body. Referring to FIG. 4, the electrocardiogram graph is obtained by detecting an electrical signal used for depolarization of the cardiac muscle every heart beat and amplifying it. As shown in the figure, the P wave, the Q wave Q wave, an R wave, an S wave, and a T wave. At this time, the R wave is obtained when the left ventricle and the right ventricle contract to circulate the blood of the heart into the lungs and the whole body. In other words, the systolic pressure obtained when the heart contracts and the blood circulates throughout the body is the blood pressure formed in the R wave in the ECG graph. In FIG. 4, a blood flow graph measured by a photoprocess (PPG) sensor is shown at the bottom of the electrocardiogram graph. As described above, the optical blood flow sensor is configured to irradiate a blood vessel with light and receive reflected light to measure blood flow.

Referring to FIG. 4, when the heart is contracted at the apex of the R wave of the electrocardiogram graph and the blood is pumped to the whole body, the blood reaches the optical blood flow sensor through the predetermined time delay. PPGa is a graph showing blood flow detected by the optical blood flow sensor 100a in FIG. 5, and PPGb is a graph showing blood flow detected by the optical blood flow sensor 100b in FIG.

If the velocity of the blood is c, the elasticity of the blood vessel is β, and the specific gravity (density) of the blood is ρ, the blood pressure can be calculated as shown in the following equation (1).

However, the inventors of the present invention have experimentally confirmed that when calculating the blood pressure according to Equation (1), an error of at most 30% with respect to actual blood pressure is obtained. The inventors of the present invention have described the reason as follows. Equation 1 is based on the assumption that the length of the blood vessel is infinite. Another assumption is that in the R wave, which is the apex of the electrocardiogram graph, .

However, the length of the blood vessel is not actually infinity, and the heart of a human is not pumping blood from the R wave, which is the apex of the electrocardiogram graph, but pumping the blood at regular time intervals. Respectively. The present inventors propose a blood pressure measuring method and a blood pressure measuring apparatus therefor in order to eliminate the error according to the above factors.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a state in which optical blood flow sensors 100a and 100b including one light emitting portion and one light receiving portion in a human's arm are arranged apart from each other by a predetermined distance L, Flow. The optical blood flow sensor 100a detects blood flow according to the blood flow. That is, the optical blood flow sensor 100a first detects the blood flow caused by the contraction of the heart, and then the optical blood flow sensor 100b detects the blood flow of the blood flow.

The communication unit transmits the blood flow amount detected by the optical blood flow sensor 100a to the blood pressure arithmetic unit 200 together with the detected time, so that the blood pressure arithmetic unit calculates the blood flow amount from the blood flow amount data measured by the optical blood flow sensor 100a and the optical blood flow sensor 100a The difference Δt between the maximum value and the time when the blood flow is maximum and the time when each sensor detects the maximum value can be obtained. Therefore, the blood velocity c can be obtained from the equation (2).

The optical blood flow sensor 100a and the optical blood flow sensor 100b are both spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in a human's arm. The openings of the blood flow graph measured by the optical blood flow sensor 100a are arranged at a predetermined distance, Is not significantly different from that of the blood flow graph measured by the blood flow meter 100b. Therefore, the difference between the maximum value of the blood flow rate measured by the blood flow sensor 100a and the maximum value of the blood flow measured by the optical blood flow sensor 100b can be determined as the blood movement speed.

In this embodiment, however, it is possible to measure between the maximum value and the maximum value of the blood flow amount, but it is also possible to measure between the minimum value and the minimum value, and it is also possible to measure Δt by measuring a specific point and a specific point in the blood flow graph.

The blood pressure calculating unit 200 receives the optical blood flow value measured and transmitted by the optical blood flow sensors 100a and 100b, calculates the moving speed of the blood as described above, and calculates the moving speed of the blood using the calculated moving speed of the blood, The blood pressure of the measurer can be calculated.

According to another embodiment, when the electrocardiogram sensor disposed in the measurement unit 100 measures the electrocardiogram and provides the measured electrocardiogram to the calculation unit, the blood pressure calculation unit can calculate the blood velocity using the provided electrocardiographic information. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, in order to obtain a time difference? T of the maximum blood flow rate, a time t ₁ from the R wave of the electrocardiogram to the maximum blood flow time measured by PPGa and a maximum blood flow measured by PPGb from the R wave of the electrocardiogram It is possible to calculate Δt by calculating the difference of the time t ₂ to the time point.

In one embodiment, the elasticity (?) Of the blood vessel and the specific gravity (density,?) Of the blood may be obtained from the user, or may be determined by using the average blood vessel elasticity and the blood specific gravity value according to the previously inputted age range, After the blood pressure is measured by a blood pressure monitor, the blood pressure is measured by the blood pressure monitor according to the present embodiment, and the ratio (rho / beta) of the elasticity of the blood vessel, which is a proportional constant, to the blood density can be measured and used.

Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the time error from the R wave of the ECG graph to the maximum blood flow rate by measuring the blood flow velocity in the actual blood vessel and measuring the blood pressure using the measured blood flow velocity. , So that the blood pressure can be measured more accurately.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the measurement unit can be measured independently of the blood flow measurement and the blood pressure measurement after the measurement unit is worn on the right arm, the left arm, or the right thigh and the left thigh. Therefore, when one of the blood pressure is significantly different from the other blood pressure, blood vessel disease and blood circulation disease can be traced.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of illustration, It will be appreciated that other embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

100: Measurement unit 110: Optical blood flow sensor
120: communication unit 200: blood pressure calculation unit

Claims (17)

A plurality of photo-plethysmography measurement sensors spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and a communication unit for transmitting blood flow measurement values measured by the plurality of optical blood flow measurement sensors; And
And a blood pressure calculation unit for calculating the blood velocity by receiving the blood flow measurement value and calculating the blood pressure using the calculated blood velocity,
The blood pressure calculation unit calculates,

T is the time difference between the maximum values of the blood flow, ρ is the density of the blood (specific gravity), and β is the stiffness of the blood vessel. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the measurement unit transmits the blood flow measurement value through a network,
And the blood pressure calculation unit receives the blood flow measurement value through the network to calculate the blood pressure. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the blood pressure calculation unit is included in a server. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the blood pressure calculation unit is included in any one of a mobile phone, a tablet, and a mobile terminal. The method according to claim 1,
The measurement unit may further include a display unit,
The blood pressure calculation unit transmits the calculated blood pressure to the measurement unit, and the display unit displays the received blood pressure data. The method according to claim 1,
The photo-plethysmography measurement sensor includes:
A light emitting portion and a light receiving portion,
The light emitting unit generates a light beam of visible light, infrared light, and laser to irradiate the blood vessel,
Wherein the light receiving unit receives the light reflected from the blood vessel and measures the blood flow amount. The method according to claim 6,
The optical blood flow measurement sensor
A blood pressure measurement system comprising at least one light emitting portion and at least one light receiving portion. The method according to claim 1,
The blood pressure calculation unit calculates,
A blood pressure measurement system for calculating a blood velocity using a time difference of blood flow values measured by a plurality of optical blood flow measuring sensors arranged at predetermined intervals and a predetermined interval. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the measurement unit further includes an electrocardiogram sensor for detecting an electrocardiogram (ECG)
Wherein the communication unit transmits data detected by the electrocardiogram sensor,
Wherein the blood pressure calculating unit receives the electrocardiogram data and calculates a blood velocity between predetermined intervals based on the electrocardiogram R wave. The method according to claim 1,
The blood pressure calculation unit calculates,
A blood pressure measuring system for calculating a blood pressure by inputting a speed of the calculated blood in advance or a constant inputted from a user.

delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the blood pressure measurement system includes the measurement units in pairs. Measuring a blood flow at a first point and a second point spaced apart by a predetermined interval;
Transmitting the measured blood flow volumes,
Computing a blood velocity between a first point and a second point from the received blood flow measurement; and
Calculating the blood pressure using the calculated blood velocity,
Wherein the step of calculating the blood pressure comprises:

T is the time difference between the maximum values of the blood flow, ρ is the density of the blood (specific gravity), and β is the stiffness of the blood vessel. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the calculating of the blood velocity comprises calculating a blood velocity using a time difference between blood flow values measured by a plurality of optical blood flow measuring sensors arranged at predetermined intervals and the predetermined interval. 14. The method of claim 13,
In the blood pressure measuring method,
Further comprising the step of measuring an electrocardiogram,
And calculating the blood velocity between the first point and the second point based on the measured R wave of the electrocardiogram. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the step of calculating the blood pressure comprises the step of calculating the blood pressure by inputting the calculated blood velocity in advance or a constant inputted by the user.


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