KR101598912B1 - Method for evaluating the smoke control performance of the tunnel ventilation system with jet fan in the operating tunnel - Google Patents
Method for evaluating the smoke control performance of the tunnel ventilation system with jet fan in the operating tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
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Abstract
This specification discloses a more practical method for evaluating the performance of a smoke-free installation in a tunnel considering the traffic ventilation force and the ventilation resistance caused by external natural winds. (A) measuring the wind speeds (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) in the tunnel before, during and after the operation of the jet fan; (b) selecting valid data by using the measured fan fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-stop wind speed (V 2 ); (c) using the in-tunnel wind speeds (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) selected as the valid data to calculate the aeration resistance force ΔP r , the traffic ventilation force ΔP t , the natural ventilation force ΔP m , Calculating a pre-operating pressure equilibrium and an in-motion pressure equilibrium form including the pre-operating pressure difference DELTA P j ; (d) calculating the theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during the operation of the jet fan using the pre-operation pressure flat type and the in-operation pressure flat type; And (e) evaluating the performance using the measured wind speed (V 1 ) during operation of the jet fan and the calculated theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during operation of the jet fan.
Description
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for evaluating the smoke-inducing performance of a tunnel ventilation facility (combined with a smoke-inducing facility), and more particularly, to a method for evaluating performance of a smoke- will be.
The ventilation system (jet fan) installed in the tunnel is designed and constructed so as to maintain the critical velocity in order to control the smoke propagation in the event of fire, and whether or not the jet fan can exhibit the predetermined ventilation performance before opening the tunnel Are performed and evaluated through the TAB (Test, Adjust, Balance) test procedure.
As a related matter, the T.A.B test method is disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1542699. Briefly, measure the wind speed in the tunnel before starting the jet fan, and measure the wind speed in the tunnel while the jet fan is running. In this case, the performance of the jet fan is tested using the measured data.
However, since the ventilation performance is measured (evaluated) in the state of no traffic in the tunnel at the time of performing the TAB, it is not quantitatively evaluated whether the jet fan performs at a predetermined performance in the common tunnel where the traffic ventilation power acts . In other words, the public tunnel is in a state where the traffic ventilation force due to the vehicle traffic and the ventilation resistance due to the external natural wind act, and since they fluctuate irregularly with time, it is difficult to accurately evaluate the performance of the jet fan in the public middle tunnel .
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for evaluating the performance of a ventilation system in a tunnel by taking into consideration the traffic ventilation force and the ventilation resistance due to external natural wind.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of evaluating the performance of a ventilation system in a tunnel, the method comprising the steps of: (a) measuring a wind velocity (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) in a tunnel before, step; (b) selecting valid data by using the measured fan fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-stop wind speed (V 2 ); (c) using the in-tunnel wind speeds (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) selected as the valid data to calculate the aeration resistance force ΔP r , the traffic ventilation force ΔP t , the natural ventilation force ΔP m , Calculating a pre-operating pressure equilibrium and an in-motion pressure equilibrium form including the pre-operating pressure difference DELTA P j ; (d) calculating the theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during the operation of the jet fan using the pre-operation pressure flat type and the in-operation pressure flat type; And (e) evaluating the performance using the measured wind speed (V 1 ) during operation of the jet fan and the calculated theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during operation of the jet fan.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step (a) may measure the wind speed for 10 to 20 minutes and calculate the average value of the wind speed.
Preferably, the step (a) measures the wind speed for 15 minutes, and the wind speed (V 1 ) during the operation of the jet fan is a value measured in a state where the jet pan of the performance test object reaches a fully- The wind speed after the fan stop (V 2 ) may be a value measured when the performance test jet fan reaches a completely stopped state.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the step (b), when the magnitude of the difference between the measured jet fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-operation wind speed (V 2 ) And excluding the measured wind velocity (V 0, V 1 , V 2 ) in the tunnel as invalid data. In this case, the predetermined value may be 1 m / s.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure, the step (b) if the difference between the jet fan operation before the pressure values and the jet fan operating after the pressure value is equal to or greater than the preset value, the measured tunnel within the wind speed (V 0, V 1, V 2 ) may be excluded as invalid data. In this case, the predetermined value may be a pressure increase (? P j / n j ) of one jet fan.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step (c) is a step of calculating a pre-operating pressure equalization type and a working in-progress pressure equilibrium form in the case of no traffic ventilation force (ΔP t = 0) Calculating a lift pressure (Pj (actual) / nj ) per measurement bar and a lift pressure (Pj (theory) / nj ) per theoretical bar; And evaluating the performance by comparing the calculated pressure per unit pressure (P j (actual measurement) / n j ) and the theoretical per unit pressure (P j (theory) / n j ).
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step (c) may be a step of calculating a pre-operating pressure equalization type and a running pressure equilibrium form in the case where there is no change in the traffic ventilation force (dP t '= 0).
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the step (c) may be a step of calculating a pre-operating pressure equalization type and a running pressure equilibrium form when there is a change in the traffic ventilation force (dP t '≠ 0). In this case, the step (d) is the actual jayeonpung (V n) and optionally set the temporary variable (V n *) and the theoretical velocity of the difference between the value of the jet fan operating through a trial and error method which is below the preset value (V r * ). ≪ / RTI > At this time, the predetermined value may be 0.001.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step (e) includes the steps of: calculating a step-up pressure? P j (actual side) / n j and a step-up pressure? P j (theory) / n j per theoretical side ; And evaluating the performance by comparing the calculated pressure per unit pressure (P j (actual measurement) / n j ) and the theoretical per unit pressure (P j (theory) / n j ).
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the step (e) includes the steps of: calculating a jet fan up pressure (? Pj (vc theory ) ) and a jet fan up pressure (? Pj ; Including; and evaluating the performance as compared to the jet fan W Pressure (ΔP j (vc conversion)) and theoretical jet fan W Pressure (ΔP j (vc theory)) for a critical velocity according to the critical wind speed in terms of the calculated can do.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for evaluating the performance of a smoke elimination facility in a tunnel, the apparatus comprising: means for measuring wind speeds (V 0 , V 1 , V 2) in a tunnel before, during, A wind speed measuring unit for receiving the wind speed measurement value; A data sorting unit for sorting valid data by using the measured jet fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-stop wind speed (V 2 ); Wherein the tunnel within the wind sorting to the valid data (V 0, V 1, V 2) with an air passage resistance (ΔP r), traffic hwangiryeok (ΔP t), natural hwangiryeok (ΔP m) and the jet fans W Pressure (ΔP j A pressure balancing type calculating unit for calculating a pre-operating pressure flat type and an in-operation pressure flat type comprising; A theoretical wind speed calculation unit for calculating the theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during operation of the jet fan using the pre-operation pressure flat type and the in-operation pressure flat type; And an evaluation unit for evaluating the performance using the measured wind speed (V 1 ) during operation of the jet fan and the calculated theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during the operation of the jet fan.
The apparatus for evaluating the performance of a smoke elimination facility in a tunnel according to the present invention comprises: a performance evaluating apparatus of a smoke elimination facility in a tunnel; And a wind speed meter for measuring the wind speed in the tunnel.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a performance evaluation method for measuring a wind speed (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) in a tunnel before, during, and after a jet fan is operated; Selecting valid data using the measured jet fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-stop wind speed (V 2 ); Wherein the tunnel within the wind sorting to the valid data (V 0, V 1, V 2) with an air passage resistance (ΔP r), traffic hwangiryeok (ΔP t), natural hwangiryeok (ΔP m) and the jet fans W Pressure (ΔP j Calculating a pre-actuation pressure equilibrium and an in-motion pressure equilibrium form including; (V r * ) during operation of the jet fan is calculated using the pre-operation pressure flat type and the in-operation pressure flat type, and the measured jet fan operation speed (V 1 ) and the calculated jet fan operation May be implemented in software that runs when executed to evaluate performance using the theoretical wind speed (V r * ) and may be stored in one or more computer-readable storage media.
According to the present invention, the performance of the actual ventilation equipment can be evaluated in consideration of the traffic ventilation power. Especially, it is possible to evaluate the performance of a jet fan without controlling traffic in a tunnel in use after opening.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and, together with the description of the invention given below, serve to further the understanding of the technical idea of the invention, And should not be construed as limiting.
Fig. 1 is a reference diagram for a kind of ventilation force acting in a tunnel.
2 is a flowchart briefly showing a performance evaluation method of a smoke-inducing installation in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an example of measuring the wind speed in a tunnel using an air flow meter.
Fig. 4 is a reference diagram for the ventilation force to be considered according to the time of measuring the air speed.
5 is a flowchart of a trial and error method for obtaining an actual V n value.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate identical or similar elements, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. In the following description of the embodiments of the present invention, a detailed description of related arts will be omitted when it is determined that the gist of the embodiments disclosed herein may be blurred. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. , ≪ / RTI > equivalents, and alternatives.
First, the type of the ventilation force acting in the tunnel will be described.
Fig. 1 is a reference diagram for a kind of ventilation force acting in a tunnel.
Referring to Fig. 1, it is possible to confirm ΔP r , ΔP t , ΔP m and ΔP j . ΔP r is a ventilation resistance force, ΔP t is a traffic ventilation force, ΔP m is a ventilation force (or resistance force) due to natural wind, and ΔP j is a jet fan rising pressure. At this time, the wind velocity in the tunnel is determined in a state in which various ventilation and resistance are balanced. This can be expressed by the following equation.
≪ EMI ID = 1.1 >
The aeration resistance force? P r means a frictional loss force according to the structure of the tunnel itself and the environment, and the content thereof is as follows.
≪ EMI ID = 3.0 >
ξ: tunnel entrance loss coefficient
λ: tunnel wall friction loss coefficient
L: Tunnel extension (m)
D: Diameter of representative tunnel (m)
ρ: air density (1.2 kg / m 3)
V r : Wind velocity in tunnel (m / s)
The traffic ventilation force (ΔP t ) means a wind generated by a vehicle running in a tunnel, that is, a ventilation force according to a piston effect.
≪ EMI ID = 3.0 >
A m : equivalent area of automobile resistance (m 2 )
A r : Tunnel cross section (m 2 )
n t : Number of vehicles in tunnel (large)
V t : running speed in tunnel (m / s)
The ventilation force due to the natural wind (ΔP m ) means a ventilation force due to the wind blowing from outside the tunnel. It acts as a ventilation force when a natural wind is a wind wind, but it can act as a resistance force when a wind wind is a wind wind.
(1.4)
V n : Induced wind speed (m / s) in tunnel (roadway)
The jet fan elevating pressure P j is the mechanical ventilation force of the jet fan installed in the tunnel, the contents of which are as follows.
(1.5)
n j : Jet fan operation number
K j : Jet fan step-up coefficient
A j : Jet fan discharge area (m 2 )
V j : Jet fan discharge velocity (30 m / s)
2 is a flowchart briefly showing a performance evaluation method of a smoke-inducing installation in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Hereinafter, a performance evaluation method (hereinafter referred to as a 'performance evaluation method') of the smoke-free installation in the tunnel according to the present specification will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the wind velocity (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) in the tunnel before, during, and after the operation of the jet fan can be measured (step S 10). The method of measuring the wind speed in the tunnel will be described in more detail.
Most of the straight type tunnels are adopting the type - type cyclic method by the jet fan. Therefore, the fluid flow in most straight-type tunnels can be simplified to one-dimensional flow according to the duct theory. That is, the average wind speed in the tunnel can be measured at any point in the longitudinal direction such as the starting point, the center part, and the end point part, if the cross-sectional area of the tunnel is constant and there is no change in the inflow / outflow. Therefore, it is possible to continuously measure the wind speed value according to the time change at a certain point, if the average wind speed on the section in the tunnel can be represented in the installation pointer of the measured wind speed measuring instrument in the tunnel.
3 is an example of measuring the wind speed in a tunnel using an air flow meter.
The average wind speed in the tunnel can be measured using a pre-calibrated tunnel wind speed meter. Measure the wind speeds (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) in the tunnel before, during, and after the jet fan operation using a wind speed meter. The wind speed measurement process can be performed by measuring the wind speed for 10 minutes to 20 minutes and calculating the average value. Preferably, the wind speed measurement process can measure the wind speed for 15 minutes. Preferably, the wind speed (V 1 ) during operation of the jet fan is a value measured in a state in which the performance test subject jet pan reaches a fully operational state, and the wind speed after the jet fan stop (V 2 ) It is the value measured when the fan reaches the complete stop state. The fully stopped state means a period in which the wind speed is not increased by the jet fan, and the completely stopped state may mean the end of the deceleration of the wind speed increased by the jet fan.
On the other hand, the wind speed measurement is performed under the following assumptions related to the air flow in the vehicle tunnel according to the inner tunnel ventilation design standard (road design manual 617 ventilation facility).
- Ideal gas: Ideal gas does not consider the loss due to friction resistance but refers to the gas that Boyle-Charles's law holds. Assume air as a gas, such as a Newtonian fluid, which is independent of velocity gradient and can be expressed as a function of temperature.
- Incompressible gas: The assumption of incompressibility does not consider the change in air density but applies the average density value to the density in the air column of a certain section.
- One-dimensional flow: Axial flow is a turbulent flow with a considerable number of Reynolds, and in the transverse direction, instantaneous mixing occurs due to the running of the vehicle and the ventilation equipment. Therefore, one-dimensional flow in the axial direction Flow can be simplified.
- quasi-steady state flow: The transient variations in the axial and transverse directions of the wind velocity are assumed to be quasi-steady flow with severe or time-weighted mean values being almost constant.
Next, the valid data can be selected using the measured fan-fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-stop wind speed (V 2 ) (step S 20).
The performance evaluation method according to the present invention is based on the assumption that the change in the traffic force and the natural wind before, during, and after the jet fan operation is not large. Therefore, when the average wind speed difference of the tunnel before and after the operation of the jet fan is large, the measured data, that is, the wind velocity (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) data in the tunnel is determined as invalid data and excluded from the performance evaluation.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the magnitude of the difference between the measured jet fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-operation wind speed (V 2 ) is greater than a preset value, V 0, V 1 , V 2 ) can be excluded as invalid data. For example, when the difference between the wind speed (V 0 ) and the wind speed after stop (V 2 ) of the jet fan is more than 1 m / s (| V 0 -V 2 | ≥ 1) It can be judged to be large and can be excluded as invalid data.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the difference between the pressure before the jet fan operation and the pressure after the jet fan operation (hereinafter, referred to as 'pressure fluctuation value') is equal to or greater than a preset value , 1 , and V 2 ) can be excluded as invalid data. For example, when the pressure fluctuation value is the increase pressure (? P j / n j ) of one jet fan, it can be determined that the change of the traffic force and the natural wind is large and can be excluded as invalid data.
When the jet fan up-pressure (? P j / n j ) per one unit is obtained using Equation (1.5), the following Equation 1.6 is obtained.
≪ EMI ID = 2.0 >
The pressure fluctuation value according to the difference between the wind speed (V 0 ) before the jet fan operation and the wind speed after the stop (V 2 ) is the pressure fluctuation value due to the sum of the traffic ventilation force (ΔP t ) and the natural ventilation force (ΔP m ) Can be expressed as Eq. 1.7.
(1.7)
Thus, ΔP r ≥ ΔP j, it is assumed that the average wind speed difference between the tunnels before and after the jet fan operation is large and excluded from the performance evaluation.
Next, the ventilation resistance force? P r , the traffic ventilation force? P t , the natural ventilation force? P m , and the jet fan up pressure (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) (Step S30), which includes the pre-operation pressure equilibrium and the in-operation pressure equilibrium form including the pressure difference ΔP j . Since the aeration resistance force? P r , the traffic ventilation force? P t , the natural ventilation force? P m , the jet fan up pressure? P j and the pressure equilibrium form have already been described with reference to Equations 1.1 to 1.5, Is omitted.
Next, the theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during the operation of the jet fan can be calculated using the pre-operation pressure flat type and the in-operation pressure flat type. The performance can be evaluated using the measured wind speed (V 1 ) during operation of the jet fan and the calculated theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during operation of the jet fan.
Meanwhile, in the performance evaluation method according to the present invention, various performance evaluation methods can be applied according to whether the traffic ventilation force is considered (Step S40) and whether the traffic ventilation force reduction is considered when considering the traffic ventilation force (Steps S45, S50, S60). First, when the traffic ventilation force is not taken into account, it is a 'basic type' (step S71). When the traffic ventilation force is considered, V t is measured (step S45). If the traffic ventilation force is considered, but there is no change in the traffic ventilation force and the natural ventilation force, the type is "?&Quot; (step S72). When there is a change in traffic ventilation power and natural ventilation power, it is 'β' type. The 'β' type is further classified into two types according to the performance evaluation method, namely, the wind speed comparison method 'β-1 type' (step S73), the rise pressure comparison method 'β-2 type' (step S74) 3 type '(step S75). Let's take a look at the steps below.
<Basic type (when there is no traffic ventilation)>
Equations (1.2) to (1.4), which are equations of pressure in the tunnel, can be simply expressed as follows.
(V r : wind velocity in tunnel (m / s), V n : resistance natural wind acting in tunnel (m / s))
The pressure equilibrium before the operation of the jet fan is as follows (see Fig. 4 (a)).
≪ EMI ID = 2.0 >
The pressure equilibrium equation during operation of the jet fan is as follows (see FIG. 4 (b)).
≪ EMI ID = 2.0 >
Using the equations (2.1) and (2.2), the theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during the operation of the jet fan can be derived as follows.
≪ EMI ID = 2.0 >
Then, the rise pressure per unit of measurement (? P j (actual measurement) / n j ) is derived as follows.
≪ EMI ID =
Then, the following equation can be derived by multiplying the theoretical pressure per square root (P j (theory) / n j ).
(2.5)
Performance determination of the jet fan (ΔP j (actually measured) / n j) ≥ (ΔP j ( theory) / n j) is the 'normal', (ΔP j (actually measured) / n j) <(ΔP j ( theory) / n j ), it is determined to be " below " (step S80).
<Type α (when there is no change in traffic ventilation and natural ventilation)>
Equations (1.2) to (1.4), which are equations of pressure in the tunnel, can be simply expressed as follows.
(V r : wind velocity in tunnel (m / s), V n : resistance natural wind acting in tunnel (m / s))
The pressure equilibrium before the operation of the jet fan is as follows (see Fig. 4 (c)).
≪ EMI ID = 3.1 >
The pressure equilibrium equation during operation of the jet fan is as follows (see FIG. 4 (d)).
(Equation 3.2)
Using the equations 3.1 and 3.2, the theoretical wind speed V r * during jet fan operation can be derived as follows.
≪ EMI ID = 3.0 >
The performance judgment of the jet fan is judged to be 'normal' if V 1 ≥V r * and 'under' if V 1 <V r * (step S80).
<Type β (when considering the effect of decreasing traffic ventilation due to wind speed increase)>
In case of actual fire, it is necessary to consider the influence of decrease of traffic ventilation power because the entry of the vehicle into the tunnel may be restricted.
Equations (1.2) to (1.4), which are equations of pressure in the tunnel, can be simply expressed as follows.
(V r : wind velocity in tunnel (m / s), V n : resistance natural wind acting in tunnel (m / s))
The pressure equilibrium before the operation of the jet fan is as follows (see Fig. 4 (c)).
(Equation 4.1)
The pressure equilibrium equation during operation of the jet fan is as follows (see FIG. 4 (d)).
(4.2)
The? Value is the wind speed change (V 0 ? (DP t ') of the traffic ventilation force according to V 1 . Therefore, since β = α - dP t ', we can summarize as follows.
≪ EMI ID =
B can be calculated by summing the following equations in the pressure equilibrium equation before the operation of the jet fan
(Equation 4.4)
On the other hand, the value of V n in Equation 4.4 is not known. To this end, the performance evaluation method according to the present invention sets the temporary variable V n * to obtain the actual V n value, and obtains the actual V n value through the trial and error method.
5 is a flowchart of a trial and error method for obtaining an actual V n value. The trial-and-error method will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
First, it is possible to derive the V n * by the external jayeonpung by adding summarized in V n the equation 4.1 and 4.2.
(4.5)
The initial value b is calculated by substituting the measured V t value into Equation 4.4. At this time, the initial natural wind (V n ) is an assumed value. The natural breeze (V n * ) obtained by substituting the obtained b value into the equation (4.5) is called 'pre-convergence natural breeze' and is compared with the initial natural breeze (V n ). According to the present specification, when the difference between the actual natural vortex V n and the non-converged natural vortex V n * is 0.001 or less, the calculated natural vortex V n * is referred to as a convergent natural wind. By substituting the convergent natural vortex (V n * ) into the equation (4.4), the value b can be derived and the value β can be determined by substituting it into the equation (4.3). Therefore, the final equilibrium equilibrium in the tunnel during jet fan operation is as follows.
≪ EMI ID = 3.0 >
As described above, according to the performance evaluation method, the wind speed comparison method 'β-1 type' (step S73), the wind speed comparison method 'β-2 type' (step S74) (Step S75).
<? -1 type (wind velocity comparison method)
The performance judgment of the jet fan is judged to be 'normal' if V 1 ≥V r * and 'under' if V 1 <V r * (step S80).
<Type β-2 (Compensation method of pressure per unit)>
The following equation is derived from the lift pressure (Pj (actual measurement) / nj ) per measurement area .
≪ EMI ID = 5.1 >
The following equation is derived by multiplying the theoretical pressure per square root (P j (theory) / n j ).
(5.2)
Performance determination of the jet fan (ΔP j (actually measured) / n j) ≥ (ΔP j ( theory) / n j) is the 'normal', (ΔP j (actually measured) / n j) <(ΔP j ( theory) / n j ), it is determined to be " below " (step S80).
<Form β-3 (Critical Wind Speed Conversion Method)>
The pressure equilibrium equation can be expressed as:
≪ EMI ID = 6.1 >
On the other hand, the jet fan rising pressure (in terms of vc ) as a function of the critical air velocity is calculated as ΔP j (actually measured) by K, which is a coefficient for converting the wind speed V 1 to the threshold wind speed V c , Can be derived through a combination of
(Equation 6.2)
Then, the jet fan rising pressure (ΔP j ( vc theory ) ) for the theoretical critical wind speed is derived as follows.
Equation (6.3)
Performance determination of the jet fan as "below" is (ΔP j (vcmeasured)) ≥ (ΔP j (vc theory)) is 'normal', (ΔP j (vc measured)) <(ΔP j (vc theory)) (Step S80).
The performance evaluation method includes a wind speed measuring unit for receiving the measured wind speed values (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) in the tunnel before, during and after the operation of the jet fan from the wind speed meter in the tunnel; A data sorting unit for sorting valid data by using the measured jet fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-stop wind speed (V 2 ); Wherein the tunnel within the wind sorting to the valid data (V 0, V 1, V 2) with an air passage resistance (ΔP r), traffic hwangiryeok (ΔP t), natural hwangiryeok (ΔP m) and the jet fans W Pressure (ΔP j A pressure balancing type calculating unit for calculating a pre-operating pressure flat type and an in-operation pressure flat type comprising; A theoretical wind speed calculation unit for calculating the theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during operation of the jet fan using the pre-operation pressure flat type and the in-operation pressure flat type; And evaluating section for evaluating the performance using the calculated jet fan operating theory of the wind speed (V r *) and the wind speed (V 1) of the measured jet fan operation; my ventilation tunnel plants comprising the Performance evaluation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a 'performance evaluation apparatus').
Further, the performance evaluation apparatus may be a component of a performance evaluation system of a smoke elimination facility in a tunnel including a performance evaluation apparatus and an wind speed meter for measuring the wind speed in the tunnel.
On the other hand, the performance evaluation method may be stored in one or more computer-readable storage media that is implemented in software and executed when executed.
The storage medium is a machine readable medium. The term machine-readable medium may be defined as a medium that stores and provides information to a type of information that can be detected by a physical mechanism that reads information so that the machine can read the information. The storage medium may include non-volatile media and volatile media. The machine-readable medium includes, but is not limited to, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape, a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) A punch card, a papertape, a ram, a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable PROM (EPROM), and a flash-EPROM .
<Experimental Example>
Hereinafter, a performance evaluation method according to the present invention will be described using data obtained through actual experiments.
The conditions of the target tunnel are as follows.
- Tunnel extension (L r ) = 1,191 m
- Tunnel cross section (A r ) = 75.47 m 2
- Tunnel representative diameter (D r ) = 8.609 m
- Jet fan diameter (D j ) = 1,400 mm
- Jet fan sorting speed (V j ) = 30 m / s
- Average vehicle speed (V t ) = 100 km / hr = 27.778 m / s
- Number of jet fans (n j ) = 7ea
- Tunnel entrance loss factor (ξ) = 0.6
- Wall friction loss coefficient (λ) = 0.025
- air density (rho) = 1.2 kg / m < 3 >
The wind speed test results are as follows.
- Wind velocity in the tunnel before the operation of the jet fan (V 0 ) = 1.72 m / s
- Wind velocity in tunnels (V 1 ) during jet fan operation = 5.30 m / s
- Wind velocity (V 2 ) in the tunnel after stopping the jet fan = 1.75 m / s
If it is confirmed that the data is valid data, it is as follows.
-
| V 0 -V 2 | = | 1.72-1.75 | = 0.03m / s, | V 0 -V 2 | ≤1.
- Method 2
? P r = a | V 0 2 -V 2 2 | = 30.35 | 1.72 2 -1.75 2 | = 0.316 Pa,? P j (theory) / n j = 1.686 Pa,
Since ΔP j (theoretical) / n j ≥ ΔP r, it is valid data.
The common factor of the pressure equation in the tunnel is as follows.
First, let's look at the basic type (when there is no traffic ventilation).
Substituting the data into the final pressure equilibrium form in the tunnel during jet fan operation is as follows.
At this time, the following equation can be derived as the step-up pressure (P j (actual measurement) / n j )
And the pressure per square of the theoretical value (ΔP j (theory) / n j ) is as follows.
The performance is evaluated using the above values as follows.
-? P j (actual) / n j = 18.217 Pa,? P j (theory) / n j = 16.686 Pa
-? P j (actual) / n j ? ? P j (theory) / n j , it can be judged as 'normal'.
Next, we will look at the type α (when there is no change in traffic ventilation and natural ventilation).
The performance is evaluated using the above values as follows.
- Since V 1 ? V r * , it can be judged as 'normal'.
Next, we will look at the β type (considering the effect of decreasing traffic ventilation due to wind speed increase).
First, the b value should be derived. At this time, the value of V n is assumed to be 2.5 m / s.
b = 3.035 * (2.5 2 +1.72 2) / (27.778-1.72) 2 = 0.041
The V n * value due to the external natural wind is derived as follows.
At this time, whether the derived V n * values converge or not should be examined.
| V n - V n * | = | 2.5-2.481 | = 0.019? 0.001 (not convergent)
Therefore, it can be seen that the initial assumption V n = 2.5 m / s is an inadequate value. At this time, convergent natural wind (V n * ) value and b value are obtained through trial and error method as follows.
V n * = -0.728 m / s, b = 0.016
The β value is obtained using the above values.
Finally, the wind velocity (V r * ) in the tunnel due to the operation of the jet fan is derived as follows.
The β type is divided into a wind speed comparison type 'β-1 type', a boost pressure comparison type 'β-2 type' and a critical wind speed conversion type 'β-3 type' according to the performance evaluation method .
First, the β-1 type (wind speed comparison method) is evaluated as follows.
- Since V 1 ? V r * , it can be judged as 'normal'.
Next, the β-2 type (peak pressure comparison method) is evaluated as follows.
- a rise pressure per measurement side (? P j (actual measurement) / n j )
- theoretical pressure per theoretical (ΔP j (theory) / n j )
Therefore,? P j (actual) / n j = 18.241 Pa,? P j (theory) / n j = 16.686 Pa
-? P j (actual) / n j ? ? P j (theory) / n j , it can be judged as 'normal'.
Finally, the β-3 type (critical wind speed conversion method) is evaluated as follows.
- a rise pressure per measurement side (? P j ( Vc conversion ) / n j )
- theoretical rise per unit pressure (ΔP j ( Vc theory ) / n j )
Therefore,? P j ( Vc actual side ) / n j = 81.995 Pa,? P j ( V c theory ) / n j = 79.965 Pa
-? P j ( actual Vc ) / n j ? ? P j ( Vc theory ) / n j , it can be judged as 'normal'.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present specification may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The foregoing detailed description should not be construed in all aspects as limiting and should be considered illustrative. The scope of the present specification should be determined by rational interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the equivalency range of the specification are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
(b) selecting valid data by using the measured fan fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-stop wind speed (V 2 );
(c) using the in-tunnel wind speeds (V 0 , V 1 , V 2 ) selected as the valid data to calculate the aeration resistance force ΔP r , the traffic ventilation force ΔP t , the natural ventilation force ΔP m , Calculating a pre-operating pressure equilibrium and an in-motion pressure equilibrium form including the pre-operating pressure difference DELTA P j ;
(d) calculating the theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during the operation of the jet fan using the pre-operation pressure flat type and the in-operation pressure flat type; And
(e) evaluating the performance using the measured wind speed (V 1 ) during operation of the jet fan and the calculated theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during operation of the jet fan. .
Wherein the step (a) measures the wind speed for 10 minutes to 20 minutes and calculates an average value thereof.
Wherein the step (a) measures the wind speed for 15 minutes each,
The wind speed (V 1 ) during the operation of the jet fan is a value measured in a state in which the performance test subject jet pan has reached a fully operational state,
And the wind speed (V 2 ) after the stop of the jet fan is a value measured in a state where the jet pan of the performance test subject has reached a completely stopped state.
The step (b), when the measured the jet fan operating around the wind speed (V 0) and the measurement operation after the size of the difference value of the wind speed (V 2) greater than a preset value, within a wind speed on the measured tunnel (V 0 , V 1 , and V 2 ) is rejected as invalid data.
Wherein the preset value is 1 m / s.
The step (b) includes the step of, when the difference between the pressure value before the jet fan operation and the pressure value after the jet fan operation is equal to or greater than a preset value, excluding the measured wind velocity (V 0, V 1 , V 2 ) Wherein the step of evaluating the performance of the ventilation system in the tunnel is performed.
Wherein the predetermined value is a step-up pressure (? Pj / nj ) of one jet fan.
The step (c) is a step of calculating a pressure equalization type during a pre-operation and a pressure during a running state in a case where there is no traffic ventilation force (ΔP t = 0)
Calculating a step (e), measured per unit wins pressure (ΔP j (actually measured) / n j) and theoretical W per pressure (ΔP j (Ron) / n j); And a step of evaluating performance by comparing the calculated pressure per unit pressure (P j (actual measurement) / n j ) and the calculated per unit pressure (P j (theory) / n j ) A method for evaluating the performance of a smoke - free facility.
Wherein the step (c) is a step of calculating a pre-operating pressure flat type and a running average pressure flat type at the time of no change in traffic ventilation force (dP t '= 0) .
Wherein the step (c) is a step of calculating a pressure equilibrium form of the pre-operation pressure and an in-operation pressure equilibrium form when there is a change in the traffic ventilation force (dP t '≠ 0) .
The step (d) includes the steps of comparing the actual wind speed (V r * ) during the operation of the jet fan with the actual natural wind (V n ), the arbitrary temporary variable (V n * ) and the trial and error method, Wherein the step of estimating the performance of the ventilation system in the tunnel is performed.
Wherein the predetermined value is 0.001. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 11. < / RTI >
Calculating a step (e), measured per unit wins pressure (ΔP j (actually measured) / n j) and theoretical W per pressure (ΔP j (Ron) / n j); And a step of evaluating performance by comparing the calculated pressure per unit pressure (P j (actual measurement) / n j ) and the calculated per unit pressure (P j (theory) / n j ) A method for evaluating the performance of a smoke - free facility.
The step (e) includes the steps of: calculating a jet fan up pressure (? P j (vc conversion) ) and a jet fan up pressure (? P j (vc theory) ) with respect to a theoretical critical air speed; Including; and evaluating the performance as compared to the jet fan W Pressure (ΔP j (vc conversion)) and theoretical jet fan W Pressure (ΔP j (vc theory)) for a critical velocity according to the critical wind speed in terms of the calculated Wherein the performance evaluation method of the smoke-free facility in the tunnel is performed.
A data sorting unit for sorting valid data by using the measured jet fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-stop wind speed (V 2 );
Wherein the tunnel within the wind sorting to the valid data (V 0, V 1, V 2) with an air passage resistance (ΔP r), traffic hwangiryeok (ΔP t), natural hwangiryeok (ΔP m) and the jet fans W Pressure (ΔP j A pressure balancing type calculating unit for calculating a pre-operating pressure flat type and an in-operation pressure flat type comprising;
A theoretical wind speed calculation unit for calculating the theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during operation of the jet fan using the pre-operation pressure flat type and the in-operation pressure flat type; And
The measured jet fan operation of the wind speed (V 1) and the calculated jet fan operating in theory velocity (V r *) by an evaluation unit for evaluating the performance; my ventilation tunnel equipment comprising the performance Evaluation device.
And a wind speed measuring instrument for measuring the wind speed in the tunnel.
Selecting valid data using the measured jet fan pre-operation wind speed (V 0 ) and the measured post-stop wind speed (V 2 );
Wherein the tunnel within the wind sorting to the valid data (V 0, V 1, V 2) with an air passage resistance (ΔP r), traffic hwangiryeok (ΔP t), natural hwangiryeok (ΔP m) and the jet fans W Pressure (ΔP j Calculating a pre-actuation pressure equilibrium and an in-motion pressure equilibrium form including;
The theoretical wind speed (V r * ) during operation of the jet fan is calculated using the pre-operation pressure flat type and the in-operation pressure flat type,
And software when executed to evaluate performance using the measured jet fan running wind speed (V 1 ) and the calculated jet fan running theoretical wind speed (V r * ). .
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101867727B1 (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-15 | 현대건설주식회사 | Experimental apparatus for wall roughness generation in mock-up tunnel |
| CN110207936A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-06 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A kind of sub- sub- transonic speed injection starting method across super wind-tunnel |
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| KR200413241Y1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2006-04-05 | 신흥대학산학협력단 | Estimating System for Ventilation Control on Fire in a Tunnel |
| KR101542699B1 (en) | 2014-10-23 | 2015-08-06 | 주식회사 이음엔지니어링 | System and method for measuring ventilation capacity of ventilation instruments in tunnel for tab |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR200413241Y1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2006-04-05 | 신흥대학산학협력단 | Estimating System for Ventilation Control on Fire in a Tunnel |
| KR101542699B1 (en) | 2014-10-23 | 2015-08-06 | 주식회사 이음엔지니어링 | System and method for measuring ventilation capacity of ventilation instruments in tunnel for tab |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101867727B1 (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-15 | 현대건설주식회사 | Experimental apparatus for wall roughness generation in mock-up tunnel |
| CN110207936A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-06 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A kind of sub- sub- transonic speed injection starting method across super wind-tunnel |
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