KR101584522B1 - Apparatus for generating hydrogen comprising nozzles reacting sloshing - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a hydrogen generating apparatus for a fuel cell, which includes nozzles reacting to sloshing. The hydrogen generating apparatus of the present invention comprises: a reaction tank accommodating solid chemical hydride containing hydrogen which is supplied to the fuel cell; a plurality of decomposer insertion nozzle involved in the insertion of a decomposer into the reaction tank so as to generate hydrogen via a reaction with the solid chemical hydride; a plurality of hydrogen discharging nozzles discharging the generated hydrogen to the outside of the reaction tank; a sloshing sensing part sensing sloshing of the chemical hydride and the reaction tank; and a controlling part closing the nozzles submerged in the decomposer or the chemical hydride due to sloshing.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a hydrogen generator for a fuel cell including a plurality of nozzles responsive to slushing,

The present invention relates to a hydrogen generator for a fuel cell.

Due to global concern about environmental pollution and unstable oil prices in the Middle East, the need for alternative energy development is constantly being raised.

Fuel cells have the advantage that no pollutants are produced in comparison with fossil fuels. In addition, there is an advantage that intermediate loss is not generated in the process of converting chemical energy into electric energy. Therefore, fuel cells are attracting attention as alternative energy sources.

Accordingly, various researches and developments have been made to improve the performance of the fuel cell and apply it to various industrial fields. Research and development to improve the performance of Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) and Reformer, or to improve the Balance of Plant (BOP), or to reduce the weight of the stack of the fuel cell itself It is constantly being done.

Here, the hydrogen generator included in the peripheral machinery is for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell, and its importance is very high. The hydrogen generating apparatus has been practically used for storing hydrogen by a high-pressure storage method and a liquefying storage method, or for storing hydrogen by using a hydrogen storage alloy, a hydride, a zeolite, or a nanostructured carbon material. Generally, Is stored in a high pressure state is most commonly used.

However, in the case of the high-pressure storage system, it is pointed out that the explosion risk is always present, the overall weight of the apparatus is large, and the maintenance cost is large. Therefore, research and development of a hydrogen generator capable of replacing the high-pressure storage system is urgently required.

The inventor of the present invention has studied for a long time to solve such a problem, developed through trial and error, and finally completed the present invention.

In this connection, Korean Patent No. 844409 discloses "fuel reforming system, its manufacturing method and fuel cell system ".

An object of the present invention is to propose a hydrogen generator for supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell. Particularly, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen generator is newly proposed to supply hydrogen to a fuel cell of an induction or unmanned aerial vehicle in which miniaturization and weight reduction are very important.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a hydrogen generating and supplying method of a hydrogen generating apparatus for a fuel cell. More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus for extracting hydrogen by spraying a decomposition product to a solid chemical hydride, In order to facilitate the generation of hydrogen. For this purpose, a porous partition wall is installed in the reaction tank from the top to the bottom so that the decomposition solution is sprayed directly to the lowermost part along the porous partition wall. When the byproduct generated by the chemical reaction fills the periphery of the lowermost part of the porous partition wall, the area where the decomposition solution is injected is sequentially moved to the upper part of the porous partition wall.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for improving the hydrogen storage density of a hydrogen supply device for a fuel cell, and more particularly, to a method for improving the hydrogen storage density of a hydrogen supply device for a fuel cell, In order to maximize the hydrogen storage density using only the near-disassembled solution, we propose a method of recovering and reusing water from the generated hydrogen. For this purpose, the hydrogen gas generated by spraying decomposition aqueous solution on the solid hydride is discharged to the outside of the reactor containing water, and then the water is condensed through the cooling coil, which is separated from the hydrogen, It is used.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a hydrogen generator for a fuel cell, which is capable of detecting the inclination of a solid chemical hydride and a reaction tank accommodating a decomposition released to extract hydrogen therefrom and stably recovering the extracted hydrogen will be. To this end, the present invention includes a plurality of spray-off nozzles and a hydrogen discharge nozzle, and further includes a sloshing sensor and a nozzle controller. When the tilting of the reaction tank is detected by the nozzle control unit and the tilting of the reaction tank is detected by the slip detection unit, the reaction tank is tilted so that the solid chemical hydride enters the decomposition- And blocking the hydrogen discharge nozzle to prevent problems.

On the other hand, other unspecified purposes of the present invention will be further considered within the scope of the following detailed description and easily deduced from the effects thereof.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell comprising: a reaction tank for containing a solid state chemical hydride including hydrogen supplied to a fuel cell; A decomposition injection nozzle for injecting a decomposition product for generating hydrogen into the reaction tank in reaction with the solid state chemical hydride; And a porous partition wall extending from one end of the decomposition injection nozzle to form a path through which the decomposer moves, wherein the porous partition wall includes a plurality of partition walls through which the decomposer can pass, And the porous partition wall is discharged from the decomposition injection nozzle to the inside of the porous partition wall and travels through the partition wall to be in contact with the chemical hydride.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the porous partition wall extends to the lower end of the reaction tank, and as the reaction of the chemical decomposition with the chemical hydride proceeds, the partition wall is sequentially moved from the lower end portion to the upper end portion of the porous partition wall It is better to be discharged.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the by-product formed by the reaction of the chemical hydride and the decomposing agent blocks some of the porous walls of the porous partition wall, the decomposed liquid passes through the other porous walls of the porous partition wall, .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the porous barrier includes a corrosion-resistant coating to prevent corrosion by acid.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical hydride comprises sodium borohydride, and the decomposition preferably comprises an acid in a liquid state.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical hydride is in a solid state and is formed in the form of either powder, granular, bead, microcapsule, and pellets. And the particle size of the chemical hydride is larger than the diameter of the partition wall.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the apparatus further comprises a nozzle controller for injecting the decomposition release into the reaction tank when hydrogen collected in the inner space of the reaction tank is lower than a predetermined pressure.

The second aspect of the present invention relates to a decomposition agent which stores a decomposition product which reacts with a solid state chemical hydride to generate hydrogen, A reaction tank for chemically reacting the chemical hydride and the decomposing agent to generate hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell; A condenser for cooling hydrogen and steam discharged from the reaction tank; And a recovery unit connected to the condenser to store the condensed water in which the cooled hydrogen and steam are liquefied and allow the condensed water to be reused in the chemical reaction. The hydrogen generator for a fuel cell for recovering and reusing steam, to provide.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a recovery valve connected to one end of the recovery section; And a recovery pipe connected to the recovery valve for transferring the condensed water to the decomposition product preparation.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the recovery unit discharges the condensed water to the pressure of the cooled hydrogen when the recovery valve is opened.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the recovery unit may further include a level sensor for measuring the amount of stored condensed water.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the recovery section may further include a separation membrane separating hydrogen and water.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus may further include a filter unit connected to the other end of the recovery unit to adsorb a trace amount of water vapor contained in the hydrogen stored in the recovery unit.

A third aspect of the present invention is a fuel cell system comprising: a reaction tank for containing a solid state chemical hydride containing hydrogen supplied to a fuel cell; A plurality of decomposition release injection nozzles for injecting a decomposition release for generating hydrogen by reacting with the solid state chemical hydride into the reaction tank; A plurality of hydrogen discharge nozzles for discharging the generated hydrogen to the outside of the reaction tank; A slicing detection unit for detecting sloshing of the reaction tank and the chemical hydride; And a controller for closing the nozzle closed by the chemical hydride or the decomposition by slicing. The hydrogen generator for a fuel cell includes a plurality of nozzles responsive to slicing.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slicing sensing unit senses slicing using at least one of a tilt sensor, a gyro sensor, and an acceleration sensor.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solid state chemical hydride and the decomposition product are preferably reacted in a non-catalytic state to generate hydrogen.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen generator for a fuel cell is preferably mounted on a manned or unmanned airplane.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing hydrogen from a solid state chemical hydride in a constant, stable, and smooth manner, There is an effect of providing a generator.

The hydrogen generating apparatus of the present invention uses decomposition (for example, decomposed aqueous solution) to generate hydrogen in a solid state chemical hydride. The solid chemical hydride is filled in the reaction tank, and the decomposition agent is sprayed to the upper part of the chemical hydride through the injector, so that the reaction starts and the hydrogen is generated by the contact of the hydride and the decomposition agent.

In this case, byproducts are generated after the reaction is terminated. When the decomposition is sprayed onto the top portion of the solid chemical hydride, the byproduct is deposited from the upper portion of the solid hydride. Therefore, the deposited by- There arises a problem that interferes with the contact. Particularly, as time passes, the amount of byproducts in the sediments is increased, so that hydrogen generation is deteriorated. Further, hydrogen is not generated during the time when the sprayed decomposer passes through the by-product accumulation layer and the solid hydrogen product is brought into contact with the lower end portion thereof, whereby the decomposition agent may be over-sprayed. After the excessive spray- And there is a risk that the hydrogen storage density is lowered because the hydrogen is discharged to the outside in order to maintain the tank pressure at a safe level.

A first aspect of the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a solid chemical hydride comprising the steps of: providing a porous partition wall in a reaction tank; and disposing the porous partition wall so as to be submerged in the solid chemical hydride, Contact with hydrides. As a result, byproducts are deposited from the lower end portion of the solid chemical hydride loaded in the reaction tank. Since the solid chemical hydride proceeds sequentially from the lower end portion to the upper end portion, the decomposition agent does not need to pass through the by-product accumulation layer, so that the reaction is performed quickly. In addition, uniform reaction can be maintained until all the solid chemical hydrides are reacted and exhausted, and constant hydrogen generation is possible.

In addition, since the present invention is sprayed sequentially to the solid-state chemical hydride, the time required for the decomposing agent to pass through the by-product layer is reduced, thereby facilitating the generation of hydrogen to increase the hydrogen generation response speed and to react all the chemical hydrides Thereby maximizing the reaction efficiency. That is, it is possible to generate a safe hydrogen, thereby minimizing unnecessary hydrogen discharge or remaining unreacted hydride, thereby greatly increasing the hydrogen storage density.

The second aspect of the present invention can maximize the hydrogen storage density by using only the decomposition aqueous solution close to the theoretical composition reaction of the chemical hydride hydrolysis reaction, have. It can also be combined with a fuel cell to maximize the energy density of the fuel cell system.

When the hydrogen generator of the present invention is applied to a UAV or the like as in the third aspect of the present invention according to the above-mentioned problem solving means, there is a problem in the decomposition solution injection and hydrogen discharge as the reactor tilts during takeoff, landing, exist. For example, when a fuel such as a UAV is blocked by a tilting of the reaction tank during takeoff and landing and uphill and downhill flights, the decomposition agent may not be sprayed properly and hydrogen may not be generated smoothly, or solid chemical hydride When the decomposition agent is sprayed and reacted with the nozzle inlet blocked, the nozzle may be clogged or damaged. In addition, when the reaction tank is inclined to block the hydrogen discharge nozzle, there is a problem that the hydrogen is not properly supplied to the fuel cell and the output is lowered.

The present invention is characterized in that a plurality of pipelines for spraying a decomposition solution to a solid chemical hydride and discharging hydrogen are arranged and a tilt sensor is mounted at the center of gravity so that the decomposition solution injection and the hydrogen discharge position Thereby providing an effect of solving the problem that the reactor is inclined so that the chemical hydride clogs the decomposition solution and the hydrogen discharge position.

On the other hand, even if the effects are not explicitly mentioned here, the effect described in the following specification, which is expected by the technical features of the present invention, and its potential effects are treated as described in the specification of the present invention.

1 is a view showing an embodiment of a hydrogen generator for a fuel cell of the present invention.
2 is a view for explaining a porous partition wall provided in the reaction tank of the present invention.
3 is a view for explaining the accumulation of by-products in the reaction tank of the present invention.
4 is a view for explaining another embodiment of the porous partition wall installed in the reaction tank of the present invention.
5 is a view for explaining another embodiment of the reaction tank and the porous partition wall of the present invention.
6 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the slicing detection unit of the present invention.
7 is a view for explaining the occurrence of slicing in the reaction tank of the present invention.
8 is a view for explaining an embodiment of a hydrogen generator for a fuel cell for recovering and reusing water vapor.
FIG. 9 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the cooling unit and the recovery unit of FIG. 8. FIG.
* The accompanying drawings illustrate examples of the present invention in order to facilitate understanding of the technical idea of the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.

Small unmanned aerial vehicles, which are being developed for surveillance and reconnaissance purposes, mainly use batteries as a power source because the efficiency is greatly reduced when a gas turbine or a reciprocating engine is used. Generally, a small unmanned aerial vehicle that uses a battery has a flying time of 60 to 90 minutes. Space time of unmanned aerial vehicles is an important factor that determines the mission time of operation. Currently, small unmanned aerial vehicles are not well suited to the requirements of large unmanned aerial vehicles for surveillance. In this way, the duty time of the small unmanned aerial vehicle is limited because the energy density of the battery used as the power source is low. The energy density is the energy capacity per unit weight, and the energy density of the lithium polymer battery, which is currently used mainly in unmanned aerial vehicles, is about 200 Whr / kg. In other words, a power source with an energy density of 1,000 Whr / kg is required to increase the mission time five times.

Currently, the most promising power source for replacing existing batteries is fuel cells. In the case of a hydrogen fuel cell, even if a compressed hydrogen device having a storage efficiency of 6% is assumed, the energy density is 1,000 Whr / kg or more. In addition, since fuel cells use electrochemical reactions rather than combustion reactions in the process of converting chemical energy into electric energy, they have high efficiency, low driving noise, low environmental noise, high reliability and safety.

The hydrogen generator for fuel cell of the present invention is a device for supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell using hydrogen as a fuel. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen generator for a fuel cell may be mounted on a manned or unmanned aerial vehicle .

In the hydrogen generator for a fuel cell of the present invention, a hydride supply device using a hydride includes sodium borohydride (NaBH4), zinc borohydride (ZnBH4), potassium borohydride (CaBH4), lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4), NaBH The hydrogen is decomposed to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell. The hydrogen generating apparatus of the present invention has an energy storage density relatively higher than that of the high pressure storage system and the liquefaction storage system, and has a simple system structure.

In addition, in the hydrogen generator for generating hydrogen through the hydrolysis reaction of the hydride and water, since the decomposition ratio of hydrogen is not high as a pure hydrolysis reaction, the hydride may be changed to an aqueous solution state and used together with the catalyst. However, the hydrogen generator of the present invention does not use a catalyst. Therefore, the present invention is based on the problems of cost and time consuming due to the production of a catalyst for increasing the hydrogen generating performance, problems of performance change depending on temperature change and operating time, durability problems of the catalyst and hydrolysis reaction, There is an effect of solving the problem that the generation performance gradually becomes unstable.

According to the hydrogen generator for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, the solid hydride is stored in the reaction tank, and the decomposition reactor, which is an acidic solution, is supplied from the decomposition furnace to directly decompose in the reaction tank. Is stored in the reaction tank. Thus, there is no need to change the hydride to a liquid state, so that the preparation time of the hydride is remarkably reduced and can be manufactured at a relatively low manufacturing cost as compared with a high-pressure hydrogen storage device or a liquid hydrogen storage device, An effect that the generation of hydrogen is not reduced even when the operation time is increased can be obtained.

In addition, since the hydrogen generating apparatus of the present invention uses solid chemical hydride, there is an effect of solving the problem that the operation environment is restricted because the liquid hydride aqueous solution freezes when the temperature of the external environment is low.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, sloshing refers to a relative movement occurring between a fluid and a container containing a fluid during fluid transfer. For example, slashing of chemical hydrides means that the chemical hydrides are tilted in one direction inside the reaction tank.

The chemical hydrides in the present invention include chemical hydrides containing hydrogen such as sodium borohydride (NaBH4), zinc borohydride (ZnBH4), potassium borohydride (CaBH4), lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) and NaBH (OCH3) It is preferable to use sodium borohydride, which is relatively easy to handle and easy to obtain.

NaBH4, one of the chemical hydrides used in the present invention, is mixed with pure water and stored in an alkali solution. When hydrogen is required, pure hydrogen can be generated through a hydrolysis reaction as shown below.

NaBH4 + 2H2O - > 4H2 + NaBO2

NaBH4 has higher hydrogen content, stability and environmental friendliness than other hydrogen storage methods. Also, since the gas after the reaction is only hydrogen, the purity of generated hydrogen is high, and the by-product NaBO2 can be reused as NaBH4 by adsorbing hydrogen again. Since the reaction starts at room temperature and is an exothermic reaction, there is no need for external heat supply, which is advantageous in that the system is simple and lightweight.

In the present invention, the decomposition reaction is performed by adjusting the pH of a chemical hydride to shorten the half-life thereof, thereby generating a decomposition reaction in which hydrogen is generated. The decomposition reaction may be carried out in the form of a liquid acid. In a preferred embodiment, the decomposition is in the form of an acidic solution diluted in distilled water to facilitate handling of the acid. The acid is most preferably a hydrochloric acid, but other acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, boric acid and acetic acid may be used.

1 is a view showing an embodiment of a hydrogen generator for a fuel cell of the present invention.

1, the hydrogen generator 100 of the present invention includes a decomposition agent preparation unit 110, a decomposition feed pump 120, a nozzle controller 130, a reaction tank 140, a condenser unit 150, A recovery unit 160, and a filter unit 170.

The dissolution formulation study 110 stores a disintegrant that reacts with the solid state chemical hydride to generate hydrogen. The dissolution formulation study 110 is connected to the reaction tank 140 and may be made of a carbon composite material, a metal or a plastic material. In a preferred embodiment, the decomposing agent study 110 may be made of a plastic material, but when it is desired to be made of a metal material, it is preferable that the inner surface is made of a metal having at least an anti-corrosive coating for preventing corrosion by acid.

Further, the split release feed tube for transferring the split release is connected from the disintegrating agent preparation 110 to the reaction tank 140, and enables the decomposition agent to be supplied to the reaction tank 140. The disintegration transfer tube may be made of an acid-resistant plastic or urethane, and may be provided with a metal tube made of a corrosion-resistant treatment against acidity.

The split release feed pump 120 feeds the split release stored in the cracking preparation 110 to the reaction tank 140 through the split release feed tube. The demarcation supply pump 120 may be composed of various pumps capable of supplying a liquid demineralizer. The minute release feed pump 120 operates under the control of the nozzle controller 130.

The decompression supply pump 120 may further include a check valve or a flow direction control device for blocking the decomposition agent in the decomposition product preparation 110 from flowing backward. However, if it is provided with a tube interlocking pump, Feeding can be adjusted.

The nozzle controller 130 operates the decomposition feed pump 120 to supply the decomposer when the internal pressure of the reaction tank 140 is lower than a predetermined set pressure. Further, when the internal pressure of the reaction tank 140 reaches the set pressure, an electric signal for stopping the decomposition supply pump 120 is outputted.

That is, the nozzle controller 130 controls the decompression supply so that hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 140 is not unnecessarily produced and can maintain an appropriate level.

In regulating the pressure of the reaction tank 140 through the nozzle controller 130, when the fuel cell consumes hydrogen, the hydrogen in the reaction tank 140 is discharged from the tank to lower the pressure, The nozzle controller 130 operates the decomposition feed pump 120 to supply the decomposition reaction to the reaction tank 140. When the release of solids and the solid chemical hydrides stored in the reaction tank react to generate hydrogen, the pressure of the reaction tank rises. When the pressure exceeds the predetermined pressure, the nozzle controller 130 stops the operation of the pump.

The reaction tank 140 chemically reacts the chemical hydride and the decomposer to generate hydrogen which is supplied to the fuel cell. When hydrogen is generated by the chemical reaction, hydrogen is filled in the inner space of the reaction tank 140 and is stored at a predetermined pressure.

The reaction tank 140 includes a demarcation supply nozzle 141, and is supplied with demarcation through the demarcation supply nozzle 141.

The reaction tank 140 includes a hydrogen discharge nozzle 143 and discharges hydrogen through a hydrogen discharge nozzle 143. The hydrogen supply tube connected to the hydrogen discharge nozzle 143 may be formed of a plastic material, a urethane material, or a metal material including stainless steel.

The pressure measuring unit 145 of the reaction tank measures the pressure inside the reaction tank, and the temperature measuring unit 147 measures the temperature inside the reaction tank. The measured pressure value is output to the nozzle controller 130.

The condenser 150 cools the hydrogen and water vapor discharged from the reaction tank. The reaction heat generated when the decomposition and the solid chemical hydride reacts in the reaction tank vaporizes instantly the water contained in the decomposition and the vaporized water vapor is discharged from the reaction tank together with hydrogen. In this case, when the steam is discharged to the outside without recovering the steam, a further amount of the decomposition product should be released in the decomposition preparation unit 110, resulting in a problem of lowering the hydrogen storage density.

Therefore, the hydrogen and water vapor discharged from the reaction tank are sufficiently cooled through the condenser 150 and separated into hydrogen gas and condensed water. For efficient cooling, the condenser 150 may be in the form of a coil-like pipe, and a cooling fan 151 may be added.

The recovery unit 160 is connected to the condenser 150 to store the condensed water in which the cooled hydrogen and steam are condensed, and allows the condensed water to be reused in the chemical reaction.

When the recovery valve 165 connected to one end of the recovery unit 160 is opened, the condensed water is discharged to the pressure of the cooled hydrogen.

The recovery tube is connected to a recovery valve 165 to transfer the condensate to the dissolution formulation 110.

The recovery unit 160 may further include a level sensor 161 for measuring the amount of stored condensed water, and a separation membrane for separating hydrogen and water.

The filter unit 170 is connected to the other end of the recovery unit 160 to absorb a small amount of water vapor contained in the hydrogen stored in the recovery unit 160. The hydrogen that has passed through the filter unit 170 is supplied to the fuel cell.

Although not shown, in other embodiments, the recovery unit 160 may transfer the condensed water to the reaction tank 140 without transferring (or simultaneously transferring) the condensed water to the decomposition preparation unit 110.

2 is a view for explaining a porous partition wall provided in the reaction tank of the present invention.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, in a preferred embodiment, the reactor 200 of the present invention includes a reaction tank 210, a demarcation dispensing nozzle 220, a porous barrier 230, and a nozzle controller (not shown).

The reaction tank 210 is a container in which a chemical decomposition product 240 is chemically reacted with an externally supplied decomposition product 260. Therefore, it is preferable that the reaction tank 210 is formed of a material having high chemical resistance which is not corroded by the decomposition release 230, and is made of a heat resistant material capable of withstanding reaction heat.

The reaction tank 210 stores the chemical hydride 240 in a solid state. The reaction tank 210 is a container in which hydrogen generated as a result of a chemical reaction is primarily stored. The reaction tank 210 includes an empty space 250 in which the chemical hydride 240 is not stored, and the hydrogen generated by the chemical reaction is stored in the empty space 250 at a predetermined pressure. Accordingly, the reaction tank 210 is a pressure vessel capable of withstanding a predetermined internal pressure.

The reaction tank 210 may be formed of a cylinder, a circle, a box, a polygonal shape, or the like, and may be formed in a cylindrical shape. At this time, the top of the cylinder is designed to be openable and closable so that chemical hydride can be introduced or replaced.

The decomposition injection nozzle 220 is installed at the upper end of the reaction tank 210 to inject the decomposition release 260 into the reaction tank 210. The decomposer 260 is injected into the reaction tank 210 and chemically reacts with the chemical hydride 240 to generate hydrogen.

The porous partition wall 230 extends from one end of the decomposition injection nozzle 220 to form a path through which the decomposition release 260 moves. At this time, the path formed by the porous partition wall 230 is preferably formed up to the lower end of the reaction tank 210. The porous barrier 230 is a material of high chemical resistance that is not corroded by the decomposition release 230 and is a heat resistant material that can withstand the reaction heat.

On the other hand, the porous barrier 230 may function to prevent hydrogen from being generated and boiling when a chemical hydride causes a chemical reaction.

The porous partition wall 230 includes a plurality of partition walls through which the decomposer 260 can pass. The decomposition release 260 is discharged from the decomposition injection nozzle 220 into the porous partition wall 230 and travels through the partition wall to contact the chemical hydride 240.

The chemical hydrides 240 are in a solid state and can be formed in the form of any of powder, granular, bead, microcapsule, and pellets. At this time, it is preferable that the particle size R of the chemical hydride 240 is larger than the diameter d of the partition wall. In this case, the partition 260 may pass through the partition wall, but the chemical hydrides 240 may not penetrate into the porous partition 230.

The porous partition wall 230 extends to the lower end of the reaction tank 210. As the reaction between the chemical hydride 240 and the decomposer 260 progresses and the byproducts generated in the chemical reaction block some of the partition walls of the porous partition wall 230, the partition wall 260 separates the porous partition wall 230, In order from the lower end to the upper end. In another embodiment, when the by-product formed by the reaction between the chemical hydride 240 and the decomposer 260 cuts off part of the partition wall of the porous partition 230, the partition wall 260 separates the porous partition 230 And may contact the chemical hydride 240 through the other partition wall.

On the other hand, although not shown, a corrosion preventive coating part for preventing corrosion by acid may be formed on the surface of the porous barrier 230. The porous barrier ribs 230 may be formed of a metal material. In this case, the anti-corrosion coating portion becomes an essential constitution.

When the hydrogen collected in the inner space of the reaction tank is lower than a predetermined pressure, the nozzle controller (not shown) opens the decomposition injection nozzle 220 to inject decomposition into the reaction tank. For this purpose, a pressure sensor may be installed inside the reaction tank.

3 is a view for explaining the accumulation of by-products in the reaction tank of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the solid chemical hydride 240 and the decomposer 260 react at the lower end of the reaction tank, the by-product 270 is deposited. The deposited byproduct 270 interferes with the ejection of the demation 260 from the lower end of the porous barrier 230. Thus, the disruption release 260 is ejected through the partition walls that are not disturbed by the deposited byproducts 270. As a result, the demixing 260 contacts the solid chemistry hydrides 240 without passing through the byproducts 270 and continues the chemical reaction.

4 is a view for explaining another embodiment of the porous partition wall installed in the reaction tank of the present invention.

4, a plurality of porous barrier ribs 230 may be formed. The porous partition 230 may be installed in the vertical direction, but not limited thereto, and may be installed in the horizontal direction. Although not shown, the porous barrier ribs 230 may be formed in a shape in which branch branches extend.

5 is a view for explaining another embodiment of the reaction tank and the porous partition wall of the present invention.

As can be seen from Fig. 5, the reaction tank may be in the form of a cylinder. The cap 205 of the reaction tank may be formed to be openable and closable. The n partitioning off injection nozzles 220 may be formed in a transverse direction and the porous partition 230 may be formed in a plate shape so as to be divided into two cylindrical reaction tanks.

6 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the slicing detection unit of the present invention.

6, the reactor 300 includes a reaction tank 310, a plurality of hydrogen discharge nozzles 320, a plurality of spray-off nozzles 330, a slicing sensing unit 360 ).

The plurality of hydrogen discharge nozzles 320 discharge the generated hydrogen to the outside of the reaction tank. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen discharge nozzle 320 may be installed at the upper left and upper right of the reaction tank, but is not limited thereto.

A plurality of split-off injection nozzles (330) react with the solid-state chemical hydride to inject a decomposition release for generating hydrogen into the reaction tank. The decomposition injection nozzle 330 may be installed at the left upper end and the right upper end of the reaction tank, but is not limited thereto.

Meanwhile, although not shown, a plurality of hydrogen discharge nozzles 320 and a plurality of spray-off nozzles 330 are connected to the controller. The control unit closes the nozzles 320 and 330 locked by the chemical hydride or the decomposition by slicing.

In addition, the reaction tank may be provided with a filter for preventing the chemical hydride from decomposing and boiling in the form of bubbles when hydrogen is generated.

The slicing sensing unit 360 senses sloshing of the reaction tank and the chemical hydride. The slicing sensing unit 360 may sense slicing using at least one of a tilt sensor, a gyro sensor, and an acceleration sensor.

7 is a view for explaining the occurrence of slicing in the reaction tank of the present invention.

7, slashing may occur and the chemical hydride 340 may block the first nozzles 320 (1) and 330 (1). For example, if the reaction tank is inclined over a certain angle so that the solid chemical hydride loaded in the reaction tank blocks the decomposition injection nozzle and the hydrogen discharge nozzle, the signal is transmitted to the control unit. The control unit receives the signal transmitted from the tilting sensor (slicing sensing unit), and predicts that the nozzle is blocked by the solid chemical hydride when the reaction tank is tilted over a certain angle, and blocks the corresponding nozzle.

Specifically, when the slicing sensing unit 360 senses slushing, the control unit cuts off the first nozzles 320 (1) and 330 (1), and the second nozzles 320 (2) and 330 (2) ). Accordingly, in the present invention, as the reaction tank is inclined in injecting the decomposition solution into the solid chemical hydride and discharging the generated hydrogen, the decomposition solution and the hydrogen discharge position are changed through the slicing detection unit, .

8 is a view for explaining an embodiment of a hydrogen generator for a fuel cell for recovering and reusing water vapor. FIG. 9 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the cooling unit and the recovery unit of FIG. 8. FIG.

8 and 9, the cooling unit and the recovery unit may be integrally formed.

The cooling unit 150 may be formed inside the cylindrical collecting unit 160. A cylindrical separator 163 may be formed inside the coil-shaped cooling part 150. The separation membrane 163 is a membrane capable of separating hydrogen and water (condensed water). The hydrogen that has passed through the separation membrane 163 is supplied to the filter unit 170 through the connection nozzle 169. The filter unit 170 receives a small amount of water that may be contained in hydrogen, passes through the fuel cell or the pressure regulator 171, and is supplied to the fuel cell.

A cap 167 including an O-ring may be formed at the upper end of the recovery unit 160.

A recovery valve 165 is formed at the lower end of the recovery unit 160. When the recovery valve 165 is opened, the condensed water stored in the recovery unit 160 is discharged by the pressure of the cooled hydrogen. Therefore, it is possible to transfer the water without driving force such as a separate pump, so that there is no additional power consumption.

A level sensor 161 for measuring the amount of condensed water stored in the side of the recovery unit 160 is formed. The level sensor 161 sends a signal to the nozzle controller 130 when the recovered condensed water reaches a predetermined water level so that the recovery valve 165 is opened.

In addition, the recovery valve 165 may be formed of a solenoid valve that can be controlled by the nozzle controller 130. In another embodiment, the recovery valve 165 may be provided as a relief valve of a pressure actuated type which is automatically opened when a certain pressure is obtained without a signal from the nozzle controller.

In addition, since the hydrogen in the reaction tank may be excessively discharged when the condensed water is discharged from the recovery valve 165, the discharge of hydrogen is blocked after a predetermined discharge time and the predetermined waiting time is maintained .

The present invention completely removes moisture from the hydrogen gas generated in the reaction tank through such a process, thereby completely removing unreacted hydrides and decomposition or reaction by-products contained in the hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell There is an effect that can be done.

The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the description and the expression of the embodiments explicitly described in the foregoing. It is again to be understood that the present invention is not limited by the modifications or substitutions that are obvious to those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

A reaction tank for containing a solid state chemical hydride containing hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell;
A plurality of decomposition release injection nozzles for injecting a decomposition release for generating hydrogen by reacting with the solid state chemical hydride into the reaction tank;
A plurality of hydrogen discharge nozzles for discharging the generated hydrogen to the outside of the reaction tank;
A slicing detection unit for detecting sloshing of the reaction tank and the chemical hydride; And
And a control unit for closing the nozzle closed by the chemical hydride or the decomposition by slicing,
Wherein the slicing sensing unit senses slicing by using at least one of a tilt sensor, a gyro sensor, and an acceleration sensor. delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the solid state chemical hydride reacts with the decomposition product in a non-catalytic state to generate hydrogen. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the chemical hydride comprises sodium borohydride, and the demarcation comprises an acid in a liquid state, wherein the plurality of nozzles are responsive to slicing. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the chemical hydride is in a solid state and is formed in the form of any one of powder, granular, bead, microcapsule, and pellets. And a plurality of nozzles for supplying the fuel to the fuel cell. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a nozzle controller for injecting the decomposition release into the reaction tank when hydrogen collected in the inner space of the reaction tank is below a predetermined pressure, . The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the hydrogen generator for a fuel cell is mounted on a manned or unmanned airplane, the apparatus comprising a plurality of nozzles responsive to slicing.

Images