KR101553044B1 - Water Purification Bio Concrete using Hidrophilic Fiber and Industrial By-Products and Manufacturing Methods of it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to bio concrete for water purification using hydrophilic fibers and industrial byproducts, and a method for producing the same.
A method for manufacturing a biocontainer for water purification using hydrophilic fibers and industrial by-products according to the present invention is characterized by comprising the steps of: mixing 16.4 to 22.0% of binder per unit volume, 12.9 to 17.3% of water per unit volume, 55.5% of aggregate per unit volume, 5.0% and hydrophilic fibers 0.2%. The binder is selected from the group consisting of 40 to 70% by volume of cement and 30 to 60% by volume of industrial by-products, fly ash, silica fume and blast furnace slag fine powder Wherein the aggregate comprises 50 to 70% by volume of one or two to four selected from the group consisting of 5 to 13 mm of cinder, recycled aggregate, bottom ash and slag aggregate, and 30 to 50 parts by volume % Of 3 to 10 mm porous natural volcanic stone. The above-mentioned water is used by replacing 30 to 100% of water volume of the useful microorganism culture solution. The molding composition is mixed at low speed for 3 minutes with a mixer, High-speed mixing for 5 minutes After 12-24 hours curing in a steam curing chamber under the condition of 60 ℃ after molding into a mold it is configured to include a curing step to reduce the alkali to an initial elution curing for 7 ~ 30 days at room temperature.
According to the present invention, by using a hydrophilic fiber reinforcing agent for adsorbing Bacillus microorganisms and microorganisms, securing a reproductive space, and improving strength and durability, the fiber acts as a sponge and influences plastic shrinkage and shrinkage cracking, The durability is improved and the microfibers inside the fiber composite are formed so that the adsorption of the Bacillus microorganisms which are effective for the purification of the water can be smoothly carried out and the space can be settled and survived, And it is possible to increase the amount of slag, fly ash, and silica fume, which are by-products of the industry, to a large amount (up to 60% as compared with cement) to produce a carrier, thereby reducing hydration heat and causing less cracking, By shortening the period and reducing the amount of cement used, it is possible to reduce manufacturing costs and reduce carbon emissions. (Cement + industrial by-product) using blast furnace slag and fly ash. Therefore, compared to conventional concrete binder using only cement, the porosity is made porous and fine, and it is possible to secure the reproductive space of useful microorganisms, Characteristics can be shown.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a biocontainer for water purification using hydrophilic fibers and industrial by-products, and a method for manufacturing the same.

The present invention relates to a biocontainer for water purification using hydrophilic fibers and industrial byproducts, in which a large amount of hydrophilic fibers and industrial by-products are used in order to increase the adsorption and viability of Bacillus-type microorganisms, and a method for producing the same.

In recent years, the incidence of pollutants has increased due to population increase and the frequency of spot pollution caused by local storms has increased, and new construction and expansion of existing sewage treatment plants have been needed. It is difficult due to problems.

 Therefore, recently, a method of carrier-packed biodegradation is newly emerging. The method of carrier-packed deodorization depends on the efficiency of the microorganism carrier that provides the degrading ability and the habitat of the microorganism strain. In particular, it may be important to affect the propagation and density of microorganisms depending on the carrier.

 That is, in the production of a water-purifying carrier for improving the water quality in an aquatic environment such as a lake or a lake in an urban or rural area, in terms of water purification performance, Studies have been conducted to immerse the carrier in the microbial culture solution several times or to use porous activated carbon and other carriers in order to improve the kind and adhesion performance of the carrier.

For example, in the "Water quality purification concrete using microorganism composite treatment system" filed by the present applicant (Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1188100, Patent Document 1), the aggregate is immersed in TSB A method of producing a microorganism by immersing it in a culture medium of Bacillus-type microorganism, mixing it with a binder, a mixed material, and water, curing and curing it, and then immersing it again in a microorganism culture solution.

However, it is difficult to manufacture a large amount of water purification carriers for on-site application because it is difficult to secure an adequate curing period as the manufacturing process becomes complicated and the defect rate increases. Also, in the case of concrete materials, the process of immersing the aggregate in the microorganisms requires a manufacturing time of the factory, so that the production amount of the final product is decreased, which causes a problem of increasing the unit price.

 In the aspect of improving the strength, the water-purifying carrier is not a structure that can withstand the load directly, but it is applied to the water environment such as hoso and river. Therefore, when considering the domestic environment where the four seasons are clear, It is one of the important evaluation items in addition to the purification performance.

Conventional techniques have been studied to increase the amount of cement or to improve the strength of concrete by incorporating a part of silica fume or the like. In the case of activated carbon and other materials, strength and durability are remarkably reduced, It is often the case that maintenance costs are incurred due to damage to floats.

Therefore, it is required to develop a water purification block for a simple manufacturing process which can enhance the water purification performance of the original purpose by utilizing various materials and at the same time to secure the strength and durability performance.

On the other hand, "Fiber reinforced permeable concrete" (Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0503948, Patent Document 2) discloses a technique for imparting an effect of suppressing cracking of permeable concrete by adding hydrophilic fibers to concrete.

However, in the case of Patent Document 2, it is not a technique to directly prevent water from being purified, or to act as a carrier of an artificially provided microorganism, merely to prevent cracking of concrete by using a fiber structure.

KR 10-1188100 (September 27, 2012) KR 10-0503948 (July 17, 2005)

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a hydrophilic fiber reinforcing agent for adsorbing Bacillus microorganisms and microorganisms, securing a reproductive space, To prevent the plastic shrinkage and drying shrinkage cracks, thereby improving the strength and durability of the fiber composite, and forming a fine void in the interior of the fiber composite, thereby effectively absorbing the Bacillus microorganisms, So that a plurality of biofilms are formed to enhance the water purification effect.

In addition, by using a large amount of blast furnace slag powder, fly ash, and silica fume as industrial by-products (up to 60% as compared with cement) to produce a carrier, heat of hydration is reduced and cracks are less, initial alkali leaching is low, By reducing the amount of cement used, it will reduce manufacturing costs and reduce carbon emissions.

In addition, by using blast furnace slag and fly ash as a concrete binder (cement + industrial byproduct), pores are made porous and fine compared with conventional concrete binders using only cement, So that it can be seen.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method for producing bio concrete for water purification using hydrophilic fibers and industrial by-products of the present invention is characterized in that 16.4 to 22.0% of binding materials per unit volume, 12.9 to 17.3% And a molding composition composed of 55.5% of a suitable aggregate, 15.0 to 5.0% of voids and 0.2% of hydrophilic fibers. The binder is composed of 40 to 70% by volume of cement and 30 to 60% by volume of industrial by-products such as fly ash, silica fume And blast furnace slag fine powder, and the aggregate is one or two selected from the group consisting of 50 to 70% by volume of cobalt, recycled aggregate, bottom ash and slag aggregate of 5 to 13 mm in volume And 30 to 50% by volume of 3 to 10 mm porous natural volcanic stone, and the above-mentioned water is used by replacing 30 to 100% of the volume of the useful microorganism culture with water, To a mixer After mixing for 3 minutes at a low speed, they were mixed at high speed for 5 minutes and put into a molding mold. After molding, they were cured in steam curing room at 60 ℃ for 12 ~ 24 hours and then cured at room temperature for 7 ~ 30 days. .

In this case, the useful microorganism culture medium is obtained by cultivating the Bacillus useful microorganisms isolated from soybean paste and natto in TSA medium for 7 days, culturing the cultured microorganisms again in TSB medium, and then mixing them with a 1: 1 weight ratio microorganism And a mixture of water, water and sugar in a weight ratio of 3: 7 to 2: 8 was mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 20: 1, and the mixture was mixed and cultured at 35 DEG C for 7 days in a culture tank. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus cereus, Lysinibacillus fusiformic, and Pseudochrobactrum saccharolyticm. The bacillus-derived useful microorganisms extracted from the natto are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus tequilensis.

The hydrophilic fiber is a hydrophilic fiber made of cellulose and has a diameter of 0.014 to 0.016 mm and a length of 2.5 to 3.0 mm and exhibits a tensile strength of 480 to 500 MPa and a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.5. And then mixed with the aggregate and the binder.

In addition, the hydrophilic fibers are immersed in the used water, the useful microorganisms and the aggregate are mixed, and the mixture is stirred with a mixer for 3 minutes, followed by mixing the binder.

The bio concrete for water purification using the hydrophilic fiber and industrial byproduct of the present invention is characterized in that it is manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method.

According to the present invention, by using a hydrophilic fiber reinforcing agent for adsorbing Bacillus microorganisms and microorganisms, securing a reproductive space, and improving strength and durability, the fiber acts as a sponge and influences plastic shrinkage and shrinkage cracking, The durability is improved and the microfibers inside the fiber composite are formed so that the adsorption of the Bacillus microorganisms which are effective for the purification of the water can be smoothly carried out and the space can be settled and survived, .

In addition, by using a large amount of blast furnace slag powder, fly ash, and silica fume as industrial by-products (up to 60% as compared with cement) to produce a carrier, hydration heat is reduced and cracks are small, initial alkali leaching is low, By reducing the amount of cement used, manufacturing costs can be reduced and carbon emissions can be reduced.

In addition, by using blast furnace slag and fly ash as a concrete binder (cement + industrial byproduct), pores are made porous and fine compared with conventional concrete binders using only cement, .

1 is an electron micrograph of a hydrophilic fiber.
2 is an electron micrograph of a fine powder of blast furnace slag.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of an artificial waterway model
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the rate of elimination of the small quantity of gasses in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1; FIG.
FIG. 5 is a graph of total phosphorus removal rates of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. FIG.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, bio-concrete for water purification using the hydrophilic fibers and industrial by-products of the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The method for producing a biocontainer for water purification using hydrophilic fibers and industrial by-products according to the present invention is characterized in that a molding composition comprising hydrophilic fibers and industrial by-products is mixed at a low speed for 3 minutes with a mixer and then mixed at a high speed for 5 minutes, Curing for 12 to 24 hours in the steam curing room and then curing for 7 to 30 days at room temperature to reduce the initial alkali leaching amount.

At this time, the molding composition is composed of the binder, the water used, the aggregate, the hydrophilic fiber, and the remaining pores.

The composition of the molding composition is not limited to the conventional method of immersing the raw material and the intermediate mold in the culture medium several times in order to fix the useful microorganisms for the production of the water purification concrete. Instead, the hydrophilic fibers and the industrial by- And simpler and quicker production is possible.

Generally, hydrophilic fibers are used for excellent dispersing power, finishing power and crack suppression effect in concrete production.

In the present invention, the hydrophilic fiber serves as a carrier for adsorbing microorganisms and increasing the viability of the microorganisms, thereby maintaining the durability of the concrete and reducing plastic shrinkage and shrinkage cracking.

Hydrophilic fibers for this purpose may be various fibers having a random hydrophilic function. In the present invention, the adsorption of useful microorganisms and the enhancement of their survivability are one of the most important functions, so that the useful microorganisms can be settled and survived The hydrophilic fiber is preferably composed of cellulose fibers having a length of 2.5 to 3.0 mm and a diameter of 0.014 to 0.016 mm in order to improve the effect of water purification.

Fig. 1 is an enlarged photograph of such a cellulose fiber with an electron microscope.

In addition, it is desirable to exhibit characteristics of a tensile strength of 480 to 500 MPa and a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.5 in order to reduce the compressive strength of the concrete and maintain an appropriate specific gravity.

Further, the binder is not composed of pure cement, but is made by mixing cement and industrial by-products.

Examples of applicable industrial by-products include any one selected from fly ash, silica fume and blast furnace slag powder, or a mixture of two or three of them.

2 is an electron micrograph of a fine powder of blast furnace slag.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the hydrophilic fiber and the industrial by-product are formed with a large number of voids, thereby ensuring the adsorption and survival space of useful microorganisms.

The composition of the molding composition including the hydrophilic fiber and the industrial by-product as the binder material is 16.4 to 22.0% of the binder per unit volume, 12.9 to 17.3% of the used water per unit volume, 55.5% of the aggregate per unit volume, % And hydrophilic fibers of 0.2%.

In addition, the binder may be composed of 40 to 70% by volume of cement and 30 to 60% by volume of industrial by-products such as fly ash, silica fume, and blast furnace slag fine powder.

The aggregate may be one or two to four selected from the group consisting of 50 to 70% by volume of cobalt, recycled aggregate, bottom ash and slag aggregate of 5 to 13 mm, and 3 to 10 mm of porous natural volcanic stone of 30 to 50% Or a mixture thereof.

Here, the used water is composed of 100% of the stock solution of the useful microorganism culture, or the remaining 30% to 100% of the volume of the useful microorganism culture solution may be replaced with the remaining water.

The useful microorganism culture was prepared by cultivating the useful Bacillus sp. Microorganisms collected from doenjang and natto for 7 days in TSA medium, culturing the cultured microbes in TSB medium, mixing them in a weight ratio of 1: 1, , Molasses at a weight ratio of 1: 20: 1, and mixing and culturing at 35 占 폚 in a culture tank for 7 days.

The molasses is a mixture of water and sugar in a weight ratio of 3: 7 to 2: 8.

In addition, the microorganisms useful in the present invention are Bacillus atrophaeus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus cereus, Lysinibacillus fusiformic, and Pseudochrobactrum saccharolyticm,

The bacillus useful microorganism extracted from the natto is characterized by being Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus tequilensis.

The above-mentioned molding composition may be used by mixing the raw materials at once, but it is preferable that the hydrophilic fibers are mixed with the aggregate and the binding material after immersing the hydrophilic fibers in the used water for 30 minutes.

More preferably, the hydrophilic fiber is immersed in the microorganism and the aggregate is mixed with the microorganism, and then the mixture is stirred with a mixer for 3 minutes.

That is, the hydrophilic fibers sufficiently flooded are mixed and agitated with the useful microorganism and the aggregate, and then the binder is mixed, so that the useful microorganisms can be evenly distributed.

Hereinafter, in order to evaluate the performance of the water-purifying concrete using the bio-concrete for water purification prepared by the manufacturing method using hydrophilic fibers and industrial by-products and the microbial composite treatment system of Patent Document 1 as described above, The experimental results are as follows.

<Example 1> Production of bio concrete for water purification using hydrophilic fibers and industrial by-products

First, Bacillus atrophaeus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus cereus, Lysinibacillus fusiformic, and Pseudochrobactrum saccharolyticm were isolated from doenjang, and then they were cultured in TSA medium for 7 days and then cultured in TSB medium.

At this time, each microorganism was prepared to have the same weight.

In addition, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus tequilensis were isolated from natto, and then they were cultured in TSA medium for 7 days and then cultured in TSB medium.

The total weight of the cultured microorganisms collected from doenjang and natto were made to be the same, and then they were mixed to prepare a microbial mixture.

In addition, a molasses having a weight ratio of water and sugar of 3: 7 was prepared, mixed with a microbial mixture solution, water and molasses in a weight ratio of 1: 20: 1, and then mixed and cultured in a culture tank at 35 ° C for 7 days A useful microorganism culture solution was prepared.

On the other hand, 0.2 L of a cellulose fiber having an average diameter of 0.015 mm and a length of 2.7 mm and a tensile strength of 485 MPa and a specific gravity of 1.42 was prepared, and then immersed in 15.3 L of water for 30 minutes.

In addition, 10L of cement and 10L of blast furnace slag as a binder were mixed to prepare 20L.

On the other hand, 55.3 L of aggregate was prepared by mixing 33.3 L of cobalt oxide having a size of 5 to 13 mm and 22.2 L% of porous natural volcanic stone having a size of 3 to 10 mm.

Then, the prepared aggregate and the microbial culture solution in which water was flooded were mixed with the aggregate, followed by stirring for 3 minutes with a mixer, followed by mixing with the prepared binder, followed by slow mixing for 3 minutes with a mixer, After curing in a steam curing chamber at 60 ° C. for 12 to 24 hours and then curing at room temperature for 7 to 30 days, the amount of initial alkali leaching was reduced to obtain a hydrophilic fiber and an industrial Biocomposites for the purification of water using byproducts were prepared.

&Lt; Comparative Example 1 > Production of water-purified concrete using microbial composite treatment system

First, an experiment for isolating and culturing microorganisms effective for purification of water quality was carried out to prepare microorganisms of the Bacillus perfume type, and the microorganisms and the culture solution were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 2.

In addition, TSB was prepared.

Then, 796 liters of crushed aggregate were prepared, immersed in TSB, and maintained at 10 to 50 DEG C for 1 to 14 days.

In addition, the aggregate immersed in the TSB was immersed in the culture medium of Bacillus farermaceae prepared as described above, and maintained at the same temperature condition for 14 days.

Next, 98 L of cement was prepared as a binder, 3 L of an admixture was prepared, 34 L of a separate microorganism culture liquid was prepared as described above, 51 L of water was prepared, and the aggregate and the microorganism culture liquid immersed in the microorganism culture solution were preliminarily mixed for 5 minutes A binder, an admixture and water were mixed to prepare a molding composition.

Subsequently, the prepared molding composition was put into a mold, and wet-cured for 18 hours in a curing chamber at a humidity of about 80 to 90% and a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C.

On the other hand, another separate culture medium of Bacillus farermaceous microorganism was prepared, and the molded product cured for the first time was immersed therein, cured at a temperature of 10 to 50 캜 for 14 days, cured at room temperature for 7 days, Water quality concrete.

<Experimental Example 1> Water purification experiment

The concrete of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was formed into a cubic shape having a width of 100 mm and a height of 100 mm and was installed in a model of artificial channel made of aluminum as shown in FIG.

The raw water was sampled at the sewage treatment plant located in Gyeonggi-do and the diluted sewage was used. Experiments were conducted by introducing the raw water by setting the residence time to 2 hours in the artificial waterway. The time elapsed from 0 to 84 hours (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were measured.

The measurement results are shown in the graph of the gross small amount removal rate in FIG. 4 and the graph of the total removal rate in FIG.

The unit of the erasure rate is%. On the graph, the control group refers to Comparative Example 1, and the experimental group refers to Example 1.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the concentration of TN was 9.6 to 8.08 mg / L in the control group and 9.6 to 6.9 mg / L in the experimental group, respectively, while the removal efficiency was 15.8% and 28.1% Respectively. The removal efficiency of the experimental group was about 12% higher than that of the control group.

The results of T-P showed that the removal efficiency of T-N was 75.9% and 92.9%, respectively, when the time was up to 84 hours and the concentration of T-N was 9.53 ~ 2.3mg / L in the control group and 9.53 ~ 0.68mg / L in the experimental group. The removal efficiency of the experimental group was about 17% higher than that of the control group.

This is because the micro-pores inside are uniformly distributed due to the combination of hydrophilic fibers with cement and industrial by-products due to the production of concrete using hydrophilic fibers, and more biofilm is generated in the fine spaces between the fibrous tissues, It seems to be high.

&Lt; Experimental Example 2 >

The concrete of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was prepared as a specimen and the compressive strength was measured according to the KS F 2405 'concrete compressive strength test method according to the respective ages.

object Seven days After 14 days After 21 days After 28 days After 35 days Comparative Example 1 9.61 15.01 31.52 32.32 32.20 Example 1 8.43 13.32 23.10 24.45 24.65

The compressive strength of Comparative Example 1 was about 24% lower than that of Comparative Example 1, which was different from Comparative Example 1 in that the compressive strength was lower than that of Comparative Example 1, Respectively.

However, since concrete for water quality treatment is not a structure that directly exerts a structural load, it is appropriate to show strength of 21 MPa or more after 21 days.

<Experimental Example 3> Measurement of chemical resistance

The concrete of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was prepared as a columnar specimen having a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm. After 28 days of aging, the specimen was immersed in 1% sulfuric acid solution for 50 days, Respectively.

The unit is%.

object After 10 days After 20 days 30 days later After 40 days After 50 days Comparative Example 1 99.83 94.15 86.26 83.22 80.52 Example 1 99.85 95.98 89.98 87.54 85.12

As a result of the experiment, it was found that the weight change rate of Comparative Example 1 was 80.52% and that of Example 1 was 85.12% by weight until 50 days, and the chemical resistance of Example 1 was improved by about 5% compared to Comparative Example 1.

In the case of blast furnace slag powder, Ca (OH) 2 reacts with Ca (OH) 2 in the concrete to form CSH gel, so that the amount of explosive hydrate generated by Ca (OH) 2 and sulfate reaction can be reduced. .

&Lt; Experimental Example 4 >

The above concrete was prepared as a specimen having a width of 10 cm and a height of 40 cm and subjected to a freezing and thawing test according to Method B of the resistance test method of concrete against rapid freezing and thawing at 28 days of age at 28 days, The rate of change was measured and shown in the table.

The unit is%.

object 50 cycles 100 cycles 150 cycles 200 cycles 250 cycles Comparative Example 1 99.83 88.64 79.32 75.34 70.86 Example 1 99.85 88.98 81.35 77.84 75.24

The experimental results show that the blast furnace slag powder is highly dispersed in fine pores due to high porosity and low porosity in the concrete caused by the latent hydraulic properties, and the pore water inside the concrete is repeatedly frozen and thawed. .

As described above, the bio-concrete for water purification using the hydrophilic fiber and the industrial by-product manufactured according to the present invention has a TN removal rate of about 12% as compared with the water purification concrete using the microbial composite treatment system registered and registered according to the present invention And the TP removal rate was about 17% superior.

In addition, it can be seen that the chemical resistance and the resistance to freezing and thawing are improved with a compressive strength suitable for use in water purification.

Particularly, it is remarkable that the process is greatly simplified as compared with the conventional production of concrete for water quality purification, thereby improving the productivity.

The concrete of the present invention is preferably used for the above-described purification of water, but it is not limited to this, and it is possible to use various additives that increase the strength of the concrete within the allowable compressive strength range, And the like.

Claims (5)

A method for manufacturing a biocontainer for water purification,
A molding composition comprising 16.4 to 22.0% of a binder per unit volume, 12.9 to 17.3% of water per unit volume, 55.5% of aggregate per unit volume, 15.0 to 5.0% of pores and 0.2% of hydrophilic fibers,
The binder is composed of 40 to 70% by volume of cement and 30 to 60% by volume of industrial by-products such as fly ash, silica fume, and blast furnace slag fine powder, or a mixture of two or three thereof.
The above aggregate is a mixture of 50 to 70% by volume of 5 to 13 mm of cobalt, recycled aggregate, bottom ash, slag aggregates selected from one or two to four species, and 30 to 50% by volume of 3 to 10 mm porous natural volcanic stone Lt; / RTI &gt;
The above-mentioned water is used by replacing 30 to 100% of the volume of the useful microorganism culture liquid,
The molding composition was mixed at a low speed for 3 minutes with a mixer, then mixed at a high speed for 5 minutes, molded into a molding mold, cured in a steam curing chamber at 60 ° C for 12 to 24 hours, cured at room temperature for 7 to 30 days, And a curing step of reducing the amount of alkali elution,
The useful microorganism culture solution was prepared by culturing the Bacillus useful microorganisms collected from doenjang and natto in TSA medium for 7 days, culturing the cultured microbes in TSB medium, mixing them in a weight ratio of 1: 1, Water, water, and sugar in a weight ratio of 3: 7 to 2: 8 in a weight ratio of 1: 20: 1, and mixing and culturing the mixture at 35 ° C for 7 days in a culture tank.
Bacillus atrophaeus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus cereus, Lysinibacillus fusiformic, Pseudochrobactrum saccharolyticm,
The bacillus useful microorganism extracted from the natto is composed of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus tequilensis,
The hydrophilic fiber is a hydrophilic fiber made of cellulose,
A diameter of 0.014 to 0.016 mm and a length of 2.5 to 3.0 mm,
A tensile strength of 480 to 500 MPa and a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.5,
Wherein the hydrophilic fiber is immersed in the used water for 30 minutes and then mixed with the useful microorganism and the aggregate, followed by stirring for 3 minutes with a mixer, and then the binder is mixed.
A method for manufacturing bio concrete for water purification using hydrophilic fibers and industrial byproducts.
delete delete delete In bio-concrete for water purification using hydrophilic fibers and industrial by-products,
A process for producing a polyurethane foam comprising the steps of:
Bio - concrete for water purification using hydrophilic fibers and industrial by - products.

Images