KR101545456B1 - Lumen-traveling device - Google Patents

Abstract

A lumen transfer device and related methods and systems according to the present invention are described. A lumen removable device that can move within a body cavity may include additional components such as sensors, actuators, and / or control circuitry as well as a propulsion mechanism to move the lumen removable device within the body cavity. In some embodiments, the sensor can be used to detect local conditions, and operation in the body cavity can be done. Operations that may be performed include, but are not limited to, transmission of information, release of material within the body cavity, execution of surgical steps, collection of specimens, or other operations.

Description

[0001] LUMEN-TRAVELING DEVICE [0002]

Cross reference of related application

This application claims the priority of the priority date (s) associated with the application (s) ("Related Application") listed hereafter and valid from these applications (eg, claiming the priority of a valid priority date for an application other than a patent application , Or priority of the relevant application (s) under 35 USC § 119 (e) to a patent application, ie, any parent patent, grandparent patent, or great-grandparent patent.

Related application

This application is a continuation-in-part of co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 10 / 949,186, entitled A CILIATED STENT-LIKE SYSTEM, entitled " Richa Wilson, Victoria YH Wood, W. Daniel Hillis, Clarence T. Tegreene, Muriel Y. Ishikawa, and others. In accordance with the continuation-in-part (CIP) application filed on September 24, 2004 by Lowell L. Wood, Jr., the inventor, or the co- Of the patent application.

In order to meet the requirements of the United States Patent and Trademark Office's Exemplary Act, the present application is co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 10 / 827,576, entitled A SYSTEM FOR PERFUSION MANAGEMENT, This is a continuation-in-part (CIP) application filed on April 19, 2004 by inventor Lowell L. Wood, Jr., or the current co-pending application is filed on the date of filing It is an application that is profitable.

In order to meet the requirements of the United States Patent and Trademark Office's Exemplary Act, the present application is a co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 10 / 827,578, entitled A SYSTEM WITH A SENSOR FOR PERFUSION MANAGEMENT "), which is a continuation-in-part (CIP) application filed on April 19, 2004 by Lowell Elwood Jr. as the inventor, or the current co- It is an application to be granted.

In order to meet the requirements of the United States Patent and Trademark Office's Exemplary Act, the present application is co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 10 / 827,572, entitled A SYSTEM WITH A RESERVOIR FOR PERFUSION MANAGEMENT "), which is a continuation-in-part (CIP) application filed on April 19, 2004 by Lowell Elwood Jr. as the inventor, or the current co- It is an application to be granted.

In order to meet the requirements of the United States Patent and Trademark Office's Exemplary Act, the present application is co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 10 / 827,390, entitled "A TELESCOPING PERFUSION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM" An application filed on April 19, 2004 by Lowell Elwood Jr. as an inventor, or a CIP (continuation-in-part) application filed on April 19, 2004, or an application for which a current pending application is granted the benefit of the filing date to be.

In order to meet the requirements of the United States Patent and Trademark Office's Exemplary Act, the present application is a co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 403,230, entitled " LUMENALLY-ACTIVE DEVICE " Bran Ferren, W. Daniel Hillis, Roderick A. Hyde, Muriel Y. Ishikawa, Edward KY Jung, Nathan Pymayer, Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elizabeth A. Sweeney, Clarence T. Tegreene, Richa Wilson, Lowell L. Wood, Jr., And Victoria YH Wood as inventors and filed a patent application for a continuation-in-part (CIP) application filed on April 12, 2006, or the current co-pending application is filed on the date of filing To be granted.

In order to meet the requirements of the United States Patent and Trademark Office's Exemplary Act, the present application is a co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 417,898, entitled CONTROLLABLE RELEASE NASAL SYSTEM, The CIP of the patent application filed on May 4, 2006 by inventors, Daniel Hillis, Roderick Aid Hyde, Muriel Wai Ishikawa, Elizabeth Aie Sweeney, Clarence Tetegrini, Litaka Wilson, Lowell Elwood Jr. and Victoria W. a continuation-in-part application, or a co-pending application in which the benefit of the filing date is granted.

In order to meet the requirements of the United States Patent and Trademark Office for Exceptional Acts, the present application is a co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 478,368, entitled " LUMENALLY-ACTIVE DEVICE " Inventors of Brande Ferren, W. Daniel Hillis, Roderick Aid Hyde, Muriel Wai Ishikawa, Edward Kay Wai Chung, Nathan Fai Mai Bold, Elizabeth Essi Sweeney, Clarence Teeglini, Lee Wilson, Lowell Elwood Junior and Victoria Wyeth Wood , Which is a continuation-in-part (CIP) application for a patent application filed on June 28, 2006, or where a current pending application is granted the benefit of the filing date.

In order to meet the requirements of the United States Patent and Trademark Office's Exemplary Act, the present application is a co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 485,619, entitled CONTROLLABLE RELEASE NASAL SYSTEM, The CIP of the patent application filed on July 11, 2006 by inventors, Daniel Hillis, Roderick Aid Hyde, Muriel Wai Ishikawa, Elizabeth Aie Sweeney, Clarston Tegrigny, Litaka Wilson, Lowell Elwood Jr. and Victoria W. a continuation-in-part application, or a co-pending application in which the benefit of the filing date is granted.

In order to meet the requirements of the United States Patent and Trademark Office's Exemplary Act, the present application is a co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 645,357, entitled "LUMEN-TRAVELING DEVICE" Daniel Hillis, Roderick Aid Hyde, Muriel Wai Ishikawa, Edward Kay Wai Chung, Eric Roi Tart, Natan Pai Mai Bold, Elizabeth Aie Sweeney, Clarston Tegrini, Lowell Elwood Jr. and Victoria W. H. Wood as inventors 2006 The application is a continuation-in-part (CIP) application for a patent application filed on December 21, 2005, or the current co-pending application is for the benefit of the filing date.

The United States Patent and Trademark Office ("Intellectual Property Office") publishes a notice to the effect that the patent application of the United States Patent and Trademark Office requires a computer program to refer to a serial number and to indicate whether the patent application is a continuation application or a part of continuation application. Stephen. Stephen G. Kunin, Benefit of Prior-Filed Application, USPTO's Electronic Gazette, March 18, 2003, http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/sol/og See /2003/week11/patbene.htm . This application provides specific reference to the application (s) for which priority is claimed as cited by law. Applicant understands that, in the priority claim relating to the United States patent application, the act is expressly set forth in the specific language of the reference and does not require any feature, such as an application number or "continue" Notwithstanding the foregoing, the applicant understands that the computer program of the United States Patent and Trademark Office has certain data entry requirements, and thus the applicant specifies this application as a continuation application of the parent application as heretofore described, Explicitly point out that the application must not be construed in any way as any type of comment and / or acknowledgment as to whether or not it includes any novelty in addition to the subject matter of the parent application (s) .

The subject matter of any patent for any and all patents of related applications and related applications is incorporated herein by reference unless the subject matter is inconsistent with the present application.

The present application relates to an apparatus, system, and associated method for performing material transfer to a luminally moving device.

Apparatus and systems have been developed for use in a variety of scales, particularly in cardiovascular, digestive, and genitourinary tracts. Catheters are used to perform a variety of sensing, material transfer, or surgical tasks. The stent is implanted inside the blood vessel for the purpose of preventing stenosis or restenosis of the blood vessel. Capsules containing sensing and imaging equipment that patients can swallow and passively moving through the digestive tract have also been developed. Robotic devices intended to move through the lower part of the digestive tract by self-powered are also under development.

The present application relates to an apparatus, system, and associated method for performing one or more operations or tasks with a portable mobile device. An embodiment of a device capable of moving through a body cavity to a predetermined position is disclosed.

In one aspect, a luminally moveable device includes a braking portion, a fluid abutment portion configured to at least intermittently permit a flow of fluid passing through the body cavity in contact with fluid within the body cavity, and a body cavity in which the lumen- A motion control circuit configured to control a propulsion mechanism at least partially carried by the lumen removable device to control movement of the lumen removable device through the body cavity, A sensor capable of detecting an internal condition of interest and capable of generating a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest and a sense signal operatively coupled to the sensor and indicative of detection of a condition of interest within the body cavity A response start circuit configured to generate a response start signal; Operably linked to a response start circuit and may include a work, which can react upon receipt of the response start signal.

In another aspect, a luminally moveable device includes a luminal wall engagement, a fluid abutment configured to at least intermittently allow fluid flow through the body cavity in contact with fluid within the body cavity, At least one sensor capable of detecting a condition of interest in the body cavity and capable of generating a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest, An actuation control circuit that is at least partially supported on the device and is configured to control the propulsion mechanism based at least in part on the sensed signal; and a sensor operatively connected to the sensor and receiving a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity A response configured to generate a response start signal If when operably linked to a circuit with the response start circuit and receives the response signal may include a start to the reaction operation.

The logic for controlling the lumen removable device includes a sensing module for generating inputs, for example, a detection signal indicative of the detection of an object of interest in the body cavity of an organism capable of processing input from a sensor on the lumen removable device, A response initiation module that is capable of receiving a sense signal from the module and that is based at least in part on a sense signal that generates a response initiation signal configured to cause an action to be performed in the body cavity by the actuation portion of the lumen- And a motion control module capable of controlling at least one of a propulsion mechanism and a steering mechanism on the lumen moving device to control a moving direction or a moving velocity of the lumen moving type device.

In addition to the apparatus and system aspects described above, other apparatus and system aspects are described in the claims, the drawings, and the text which forms a part of this disclosure.

In one aspect, a method that is practiced using a lumen removable device includes, but is not limited to, propelling a lumen removable device through a body cavity, introducing fluid that passes at least intermittently through the body cavity and past the fluid contact of the lumen removable device Allowing the flow of fluid to flow through the lumen of the device; detecting a condition of interest using a sensor on the lumen of the portable device; detecting a response initiator circuit located at least partially on the lumen of the portable device in response to detection of the condition of interest, Generating a response start signal using the response signal, and performing an operation using an operation part of the portable portable device in response to the response start signal.

In another aspect, a method of using a luminal removable device includes moving a self-propelling luminal removable device through a body cavity, allowing fluid flow through the body fluid through the fluid contact of the self-propelled luminal device at least intermittently Detecting a therapeutic target based at least in part on the detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity using a sensor on the self-propelled lumen-moving device; Generating a response start signal at least in part in response to detection of the condition of interest with the use of an actuating portion of the self propelling lumen device in response to a response initiation signal; .

In addition to aspects of the above-described methods, aspects of yet another method are described in the claims, the drawings, and the text which forms a part of this disclosure.

Various aspects of the operation of the lumen transfer device can be done under control of hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In one or more aspects, the related system includes circuitry and / or programs for performing aspects of the method described herein, including but not limited to, the circuitry and / or program, depending on the design choices of the system designer May be virtually any combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware configured to perform aspects of the methods described herein.

The foregoing detailed description of the invention is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the exemplary aspects, embodiments, and features described above, other aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a luminally moving device.
Figures 2a-2d show various embodiments of the structural elements of a luminally moving device.
Figures 3A-3C illustrate various embodiments of structural elements of a luminally moving device.
Figs. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are diagrams showing the structure of a portable moving-type apparatus having a variable length and a diameter. Fig.
5A-5F are cross-sectional views showing a number of embodiments of the structure of a lumen transfer device.
6 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a lumen-moving device including a motion-arresting portion.
7A-7D are diagrams illustrating various embodiments of an operating portion of a luminal removable device.
8A and 8B are diagrams showing still another embodiment of the operating portion of the luminal movement type apparatus.
Figures 9 (a) and 9 (b) illustrate the positioning mechanism of a luminally moving device.
Figs. 10A to 10H are diagrams showing examples of flow control elements. Fig.
11 is a view showing a lumen removable device including a fluid collection structure.
Figure 12 is a view showing a lumen removable device including a material collection structure.
13 is a view showing an embodiment of an operating portion of a luminally moving type apparatus.
14 is a view showing an embodiment of an operating portion of a luminally moving type apparatus.
15 is a view showing an embodiment of an operating portion of a lumen-moving type apparatus.
16 is a view showing a lumen removable device including a stored transportable material.
17 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a lumen removable device including a stored transportable material and a barrier release mechanism.
18 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a lumen removable device including a stored transportable material and a barrier release mechanism.
Figures 19 (a) and 19 (b) are diagrams showing the release of stored transportable material from a storage medium via a rupturable barrier.
FIGS. 20 (a) and 20 (b) are diagrams showing that the transferable material stored from the storage medium is released through the deterioratable barrier. FIG.
Figures 21 (a) and 21 (b) are diagrams showing that the transferable material stored from the storage room is released via a barrier capable of controlling the permeability.
22 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a lumen removable device including a stored transportable material.
Figs. 23A and 23B are diagrams showing that the transportable material stored from the carrier material is discharged. Fig.
24 is a view showing a lumen removable device including an apparatus discharge structure.
25A and 25B are diagrams showing a lumen transfer device including a transfer structure and a storage structure.
26A is a view showing a lumen removable device including a cutting tool.
26B is a cross-sectional view of the lumen removable device of Fig. 26A.
Figure 27 is a view showing a lumen removable device including a rubbing tool.
28 is a diagram showing a luminally moving type system including an external control part.
Figures 29 (a) to 29 (e) are diagrams showing the propulsion mechanism of a luminally moving device.
30A and 30B are diagrams illustrating examples of a lumen removable device including an expansion structure and an extension structure.
Figure 31 is a diagram showing the propulsion mechanism of a lumen removable device.
32A and 32B are views showing still another embodiment of the propulsion mechanism.
33 is a view showing another embodiment of the propulsion mechanism.
34 is a schematic view of a lumen removable device.
35 is a schematic illustration of a lumen removable device including a remote portion.
Figure 36 is a flow chart of a method implemented with a lumen removable device.
Figure 37 is a flow chart of yet another method implemented with a lumen removable device.
Figure 38 is a flow chart of yet another method implemented with a lumen removable device.
Figures 39A and 39B are flow charts illustrating various modifications of the method implemented in a luminally moving device.
Figures 40A-40F are flow charts illustrating yet another variation of a method embodied in a luminally moving device.
41 is a block diagram of a lumen transfer device system.
42 is a block diagram of an embodiment of logic for control of a luminally moving device.
Figure 43 is a block diagram of another embodiment of logic for control of a luminally moving device.
Figure 44 is a flow chart of a method of using a luminally moving device.
45 is a flow chart of a method of using a luminally moving device.
46 is a flow chart of a method of using a luminally moving device.
Figure 47 is a flowchart of a method of using a luminally moving device.
48A-C illustrate an embodiment of a system including two lumen removable devices.
Figure 49 is a flowchart of a method of using a luminally moving device.
50A and 50B are longitudinal sectional views of an example of the operation of a lumen removable device in a body lumen.
51A and 51B are longitudinal sectional views illustrating an example of operation of a lumen-moving device in a body cavity.
Figs. 52A and 52B are longitudinal sectional views illustrating an example of operation of a luminal moving device in a body cavity. Fig.
Figs. 53A and 53B are longitudinal sectional views showing an example of operation of a luminal moving device in a body cavity. Fig.

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part of the detailed description. In the drawings, the same reference numerals usually refer to the same elements unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments set forth in the description, drawings, and claims are not intended to be limiting. Other embodiments may be used and other variations may be possible without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented herein.

A pipe-moving device is an example of a device operating in a pipe. Devices and associated methods and systems that operate in conduits are described in U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 403,230, entitled " Lumenally Active Device, " filed April 12, 2006, This U.S. patent application is incorporated herein by reference. U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 11 / 403,230 is a system operating in a lumen that can include a structural element configured to fit within at least a portion of the body cavity, the structural element including a fluid-contacting portion configured to contact a fluid in a lumen- A response initiator circuit operatively connected to the sensor and configured to generate a response start signal when the sensor detects a condition of interest in the fluid; And an actuating portion operatively connected to the actuating portion and responsive to receipt of the response initiation signal.

As shown in FIG. 1, an embodiment of a portable device 10 may include a structural element 12 configured to fit within at least a portion of a body cavity 14. The structural element 12 may include a luminal wall engagement portion 16 and a fluid abutment portion 18 configured to contact the fluid in the body cavity. The luminal device 10 also includes a propulsion mechanism 20 that allows the structural element 12 to move through the body cavity 14 in which the structural element is disposed and a propulsion mechanism 20 that is capable of detecting a local, A sensor 22 and a response initiator circuit 22 operatively connected to the sensor 22 and configured to generate a response start signal upon detection of a local condition of a subject of interest (e.g., plaque 30) (24), and an actuation portion (26) operably connected to the response initiation circuit and responsive to receipt of a response initiation signal. The body cavity 14 is defined by a wall portion 28 which may be a wall of a blood vessel or other lumenal containment structure within the organism. In this example, body fluid flows through body cavity 14 in the direction indicated by the arrow. Body fluid flows through the central opening 32 of the structural element 12 and the inner surface of the structural element 12 forms the fluid contact portion 18. [ In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the sensor 22 and the actuating portion 26 may be located in the fluid contact portion 18. The lumen wall engaging portion 16 may be, for example, a rotating wheel which frictionally functions to engage the wall portion 28 and, in combination with the rotary motor 20, And may act as a propulsion mechanism 34 for moving the device 10. In another embodiment of a device that moves in a lumen, other structures and methods may be used for engaging the lumen wall and / or propelling the lumen removable device through the body cavity.

Embodiments of a luminally moving device or system include, but are not limited to, a respiratory tract, a cardiovascular system (e.g., a blood vessel), a nervous system (e.g., spinal canal, ventricles, sub-arachnoid A portion of the lymphatic system, a part of the abdominal cavity, a part of the thoracic cavity, a part of the digestive tract, a reproductive tract (such as the urinary tract) reproductive tracts, such as female reproductive tracts [eg, fallopian tube tubing] or male reproductive tract tubing [including, but not limited to, epididymal, ductulary or ductal deferens, ), Biliary tract, nostril or nasal cavity, oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, fistula (including pancreatic duct), ampulla, seminal duct, ejaculatory duct, tear duct, or glandular system (E.g., to fit within the body cavity). Other body cavities can be found in the auditory system or in the visual system, or in the interconnections of the auditory system and the visual system, e.g. in the eustachian tube. Although some of the devices and systems described herein may be used in body fluids through which fluid flows, it is not intended to limit such devices and systems to those used in tubular lumen containment structures that include a moving fluid, , A luminal-type device can be used in a body cavity that includes a relatively non-moving or intermittently moving fluid.

Also, the term "body cavity" includes, but is not limited to, vascular catheters, spinal fluid shunts, catheterized implants, bowel re-anastomoses, bypass implants, Includes body artificial lumens, including indwelling stents (eg, ducts, stomach, tracheal, respiratory, ureteral, genitourinary, etc.), and fistulas made for surgery do.

As used herein, the term "fluid" may refer to other compositions, mixtures or materials that exhibit liquid, gas and fluid behavior. The fluid in the body cavity may comprise a liquid, or a gas or a gaseous mixture. As used herein, the term fluid may include liquids, gases, or mixtures thereof, also containing solid particles in the fluid carrier. The liquid may comprise a mixture of two or more different liquids, solutions, slurries, or suspensions. The body fluids may be any of a variety of different substances that may be present in the body, such as cells, cell fragments or cellular components, aggregates or aggregates of cells, bacterial species, viral species or species, ions, molecules, bubbles, dissolved gases, Materials, and the like. The body fluid component may be any material that is normally present in body fluid, a material that is not normally present in body fluids but is naturally derived, or that contains a heterogeneous material (such as, but not limited to, pathogens, toxins, contaminants, ). Examples of liquids present in the body cavity include blood, lymph, serous fluid, urine, semen, digestive fluids, fluids, saliva, mucus, cerebrospinal fluid, intestinal contents, bile, epithelial exudates, or esophageal contents. Liquids present in the body cavity may include synthetic or infusion solutions, such as blood substitutes, or drugs, nutrients, or saline. The fluid may include a gas containing dissolved gas or bubbles, or a gas containing fine droplets or solid particles. The gas or gaseous mixture found in the body cavity can include, for example, inhalation and exhalation or visceral gas in the nasal or respiratory tract.

The lumen removable device may be configured to fit within a specific body cavity by appropriate selection of device dimensions, material characteristics, and propulsion mechanisms. The configuration aspects may include any of the other aspects that may be dependent on size, shape, rigidity / flexibility, porosity, and biocompatibility, materials and configuration of the lumen removable device. The dimensions of the lumen removable device can be selected to be small enough that the lumen removable device will fit within a minimum expected dimension of the body cavity of interest. Biocompatible and durable materials for use in selected body fluids can be selected based on standards well known to those skilled in the art. Whatever the luminally moving device or system is used, the dimensions and mechanical properties (e.g., stiffness) of the structural elements of the lumen removable system, especially the lumen removable system, can be used to reliably position the lumen removable device, May be selected to have compatibility with the place of use so as not to damage the containment structure. The propulsion mechanism may be selected according to the type and characteristics of the body cavity to be moved. Tubes with relatively uniform cross-section (height and / or width) over the length to be moved can pass through most of the propulsion mechanisms. Lumens with significantly varying cross-section over the length to which they are to move can cause difficulties in the case of some propulsion mechanisms that engage the lumen walls on all sides, but they can also be used as a lumen-moving device that moves or rolls along one side of the lumen, Mode can be adapted to changes in the cross section of the pipe. Liquid portable devices that are capable of changing dimensions (e.g., changing length and diameter) may also be useful in some applications. See, for example, U.S. Patent Application No. 2005/0177223, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In many cases, however, it may be desirable to construct a fixedly sized lumen removable device of a suitable size for a particular application, or to provide a set of lumen removable devices of varying sizes, so that from these lumen removable devices, It is also possible to select the optimum size for the change of the pipe length of the pipe. The luminally moving device may include a structural element that supports at least one of a propulsion mechanism, an operation control circuit, a sensor, a response initiating circuit, and an actuation portion. Various materials can be used in the production of the structural elements. For example, the structural element may comprise a self-expanding material, an elastic material, or a mesh-like material. The flexibility can also be imparted not only by the material but also by the structure, for example the structural element can comprise a slotted structure. The structural element may comprise a biocompatible material as described above and may comprise a bioactive component (such as a drug release coating or bioreactive material attached to or integrated with the structural element).

Figures 2a-2d illustrate a number of possible configurations for the structural elements of a lumen removable device for use in body cavity. In some embodiments, the structural element may be substantially tubular in structure. The structural element may include one or more tubes in fluid communication with the body cavity. In some embodiments, the structural element may have an adjustable diameter. The structural element may be in the form of a short cylinder 50 as shown in Figure 2a, an annular 52 as shown in Figure 2b, a cylinder 54 as shown in Figure 2c, And may have the same helix (56) shape. For example, the helix structure is described in Bezrouk, et al., Bearing date of August 2005 and October 2005, entitled " Temperature Characteristics of Nitinol Spiral Stents " , Published by Scripta Medica (BRNO), vol. 78, No. 4, pp. 219-226, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The elongated shape, such as the cylinder 54 or the spiral 56, may be suitable for use in tubular lumen containment structures, such as, for example, blood vessels.

The structural elements can be formed of a variety of materials including metals, polymers, fabrics, and various composites including inorganic or organic properties, and various composites are selected to provide suitable biocompatibility and mechanical properties, Includes materials of both origin and non-biological origin. In other examples of these structural elements and structural elements, additional elements such as sensors, circuits, and propulsion mechanisms may be attached or connected to, or fabricated on, or integrally formed with, the structural elements , These additional elements are not shown in these figures.

In some embodiments, the structural element may comprise a self-expanding material, or an elastic material. In some embodiments, the shape as well as the material of the structural element can contribute to the expansion or flexural characteristics of the structural element. For example, the structural elements may be formed of a mesh-like material or a slot-formed structure, or may include a mesh-like material or a slot-formed structure.

As shown in Figures 3A-3C, the basic form of the structural element may be, for example, a perforation as shown in the structural element 60 of Figure 3A, a mesh structure as shown in the structural element 62 of Figure 3B, , Or one or more slots 64 included in the structural element 66 of Figure 3c. The slot 64 extends along the entire length of the structural element 66 and in other embodiments one or more slots (or mesh or perforations) may only be present in a portion of the structural element. By using helical structural elements, mesh-like structural elements or slotted structural elements (as in Figs. 2d, 3b, and 3c) formed of an elastic material, it is possible to obtain elastic, resilient or self- A possible structural element can be formed. The self-expanding structural element or the self-shrinking structural element can facilitate positioning of the structural element within the body cavity of the organism. In some embodiments, a flexible material capable of adjusting the diameter, taper and length characteristics may be used. For example, some materials may change to a longer, narrower structure 70 as shown in FIG. 4 (a), or to a shorter and wider structure 72 as shown in FIG. 4 (b) Or may be tapered throughout its length. Structural elements that may exhibit this type of expansion / contraction characteristics may include, for example, a mesh structure formed of a variety of metals or plastics and some polymeric materials. Examples of possible shape altering materials include, but are not limited to, those described in "Change in shape by heating " in MIT News Office, published November 20, 2006 and published November 22, 2006, &Quot; Agile new plastic change shape with heat "(see http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2006/triple-shape.html) and M. Haitec Talk (November 22, 2006 Agile new plastics change shape with heat ", and SHAHINPOOR, Mohsen and KIM < RTI ID = 0.0 > , Kwang J, 2005, Institute of Physics Publishing, vol. 14, p. 197 to p. 214, "Ion Polymer-Metal Composites: 4 Examples of Industrial and Medical Applications: Ionic Polymer- metal composites: IV. Industrial and medical applications; Smart Materials and Stru quot ;, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

The exemplary embodiment shown in Figs. 2A-2C, 3A-3C and 4A and 4B has a substantially cylindrical, hollow, and tubular structure with one central opening to be. Thus, the exterior of the cylindrical structural element can contact and engage the wall of the body cavity, and the interior of the structural element (within one central opening) can form a fluid contact of the structural element. However, the lumen removable device according to various embodiments is not limited to a cylindrical structural element with one central opening. Alternatively, the structural element may be in contact with or engaging the body cavity wall over a portion of the body cavity cross-section without interfering with fluid movement within the body cavity (as opposed to contacting the body cavity wall along the entire cross-section of the body cavity wall) As shown in FIG. Such an embodiment may be a roughly hemispherical or semi-elliptical shape having a cross section as shown in Fig. 5A. Other embodiments may be in the form of a pill or capsule that is adapted to move through the center of the body cavity.

Figures 5A-5F illustrate various cross-sectional structures for the structural elements of a lumen removable device. In FIG. 5A, the device 100 is positioned within the conduit 102 of the conduit containing structure 104. In this embodiment, the fluid contact 106 may be the surface 110 of the structural element facing the lumen 102, while the luminal wall engagement 108 may be on the surface 110 of the structural element 100 And a tissue adhesive layer. The tissue adhesive can be released from the lumen moveable device when the lumen moveable device has reached its destination. The portable device 100 may be approximately hemispherical or semi-oval. The lumen wall engaging portion 108 may have a curvature corresponding approximately to the curvature of the tube.

Figure 5B illustrates a cross-section of another embodiment of a structural element 150 within a lumen 152 of a lumen containing structure 154. [ The structural element 150 includes a plurality of openings 156 each of which includes an inner side 158 forming a fluid contact. The structural element 150 may include one or more hooked or hooked structures 160 that function as a luminal wall engaging portion, And the structural element 150 is held at the position of FIG.

FIG. 5C illustrates, in cross-section, an embodiment of a structural element 200 within a lumen 202 of a lumen containing structure 204. The structural element 200 includes a central large opening 206 and a plurality of openings 208 around it. The inner surface of each opening 206 or 208 functions as a fluid contact while the protrusion 210 functions as a lumen wall engagement which is frictionally engaged with the interior of the wall of the lumen containment structure 204 Or may protrude slightly into the wall.

Figure 5d illustrates another embodiment in which the structural element 250 has a substantially elliptical cross section and includes a slot 252. [ The tubular containment structure 254 may be generally elliptical in cross-section or may be flexible enough to deform into the shape of the structural element 250. The structural element 250 may be a compressed spring-like structure exerting an outward force, as indicated by the black arrow, so that the end 256 of the structural element 250 pushes against the lumen wall and engages the lumen wall. The inner surface 258 of the structural element 250 serves as a fluid contact of the structural element 250.

FIG. 5E is a cross-sectional view of the structural element 300 within the tubular containment structure 302. FIG. The structural element 300 includes a plurality of protruding arms 304 that contact the lumen 306 of the lumen containment structure 302 and function as a lumen wall engagement. The inner side 308 of the arm 304 functions as a fluid contact of the structural element 300.

FIG. 5F is a view (in cross-section) of another example of a structural element 350 positioned within a tubular containment structure 352. The structural element 350 includes two openings 354. The inner surface 356 of the opening 354 functions as a fluid abutment while the outer surface 358 of the structural element 350 serves as a luminal wall engaging portion.

The structural elements shown in Figures 1 to 5 are intended to serve as examples and are not intended to be limiting in any way. Suitable structural element sizes and configurations for a particular body cavity can be selected by one skilled in the art. The structural elements can be composed of various materials in various manufacturing methods. Suitable materials may include metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites having appropriate biocompatibility, sterilizability, mechanical and physical properties as is known to those skilled in the art. Examples of materials and selection criteria are described, for example, in JD Bronzino, Biochemistry Engineering Handbook, Vol. 1, No. 2, IV-1-43-31, published in 2000 by CRC Press LLC . Manufacturing techniques may include injection molding, extrusion molding, die-cutting, rapid-prototyping, self-assembly, and the like. It depends on your choice. 2 to 5) as well as the sensing, actuating, and propulsion mechanisms or structures of the luminal removable device can be fabricated on the structural elements using a variety of microfabrication techniques and / or MEMS techniques. Or may be fabricated separately as one or more distinct components and then assembled into the structural elements. Examples of micro-machining techniques are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Nos. 2005/0221529, 2005/0121411, 2005/0126916 and NYITRI, ZSOLT, ILLYEFALVI- VITEZ ZSOLT) and PINKOLA (JAMES) held the 26th International Spring Seminar on Electronic Engineering Technology held from May 8, 2003 to May 11, 2003 "Stent using masking and etching technology Et al., &Quot; Preparing Stents with Masking & Etching Technology, " and published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), pp. 321-324, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Are included in the specification.

According to an embodiment as shown in FIG. 6, a lumen-moving device 400 includes a braking section 402 and a baffle 402 configured to contact a fluid within the body cavity and to at least intermittently allow fluid to pass through the body cavity A fluid contacting portion 404 and a propulsion mechanism 406 for allowing the luminally moving device to move through a body cavity in which the lumen removable device is disposed, a lumen removable device 406 carried by the lumen device at least partially, An actuation control circuit 408 configured to control the propulsion mechanism 406 to control movement of the body 400, a sensed signal 412 that can detect an object of interest in the body cavity, And a sensor responsive to the sensed signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity, A response initiating circuit 414 configured to generate the initiation signal 416 and an actuation section 418 operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and capable of reacting upon receipt of a response initiation signal.

The motion control circuit may be operably connected to the sensor and may be configured to control the propulsion mechanism in response to receipt of a sense signal indicative, at least in part, of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity.

The braking portion may include, for example, an anchor that is at least temporarily attachable to a wall of the body cavity as shown in Fig. 6, such as at least one hook or hook as shown in Fig. 5b, at least one adhesive material Or glue, a shut-off to a brake or propulsion mechanism that is contrary to the operation of the propelling mechanism, and the like. In some embodiments, the braking portion may include a reversal mechanism for the propulsion mechanism in that it may be necessary to propel it sufficiently in a direction opposite to the flow of fluid through the body cavity to inhibit motion have. The braking member can be part of the propulsion mechanism, can be associated with the propulsion mechanism (e.g., in the case of a blocking member for the propulsion mechanism), or can be a separate mechanism (adhesive, hook structure or hook structure, anchor, etc.).

The luminally moving device may include an actuating portion that is adapted to react upon receipt of a response start signal. A luminal removable device may include one actuating portion, or may include a plurality of actuating portions that may be of the same type or of different types. The actuators can perform related functions or complementary functions. A number of different types of actuators may be used in an embodiment of a lumen removable device, wherein the lumen removable device may include more than one actuating portion, and each actuating portion may perform more than one actuation.

Figures 7 to 27 illustrate various examples of actuators that may be included in a luminally moveable device. Some actuating portions may be most suitable for use in a lumen removable device when the lumen removable device is moving, while some actuating portions may be most suitable for use by a lumen removable device suspended in the body cavity. Most of the examples of actuators described herein may be suitable for use under either situation.

The actuation portion may include a heating element 450 as shown in FIG. 7A, which is operatively connected to the response initiation circuit 451 and is configured to perform heating in response to receiving a response start signal . The heating element may be a resistive element that generates heat when current is applied to the heating element, or may be magnetically active materials that generate heat when exposed to an electromagnetic field. Examples of magnetically active materials include permanent magnetizable materials, ferromagnetic materials such as iron, nickel, cobalt and alloys thereof, ferromagnetic materials such as magnetite, ferrous and ferrous materials, Such as paramagnetic materials such as silicates or sulfides and antiferromagnetic materials such as canted antiferromagnetic materials that behave similarly to ferromagnetic materials and examples of electrically active materials Includes a ferroelectric, a piezoelectric body, and a dielectric. In some embodiments, heat may be generated via an exothermic chemical reaction. U.S. Patent Application Nos. 2002/0147480 and 2005/0149170 provide examples of heating mechanisms and structures and / or cooling mechanisms and structures, and are incorporated herein by reference.

Alternatively, the actuation portion may include a cooling element 452 as shown in FIG. 7B, which is operably connected to the response initiating circuit 453 and is responsive to receipt of a response start signal to effect cooling . Cooling can be done by a number of mechanisms and / or structures. For example, cooling may be performed by an endothermic reaction (endothermic reaction such as a mixture of ammonia nitrate and water) initiated by opening a valve or an operating portion of the vessel in response to a control signal. Other methods and / or mechanisms for cooling may include, but are not limited to, a thermoelectric device (Peltier effect) and a liquid-gas vaporizer (Row-Thomson law).

In some embodiments, the actuating portion may include an electromagnetic radiation source 454 as shown in FIG. 7C, which is operably connected to an answer initiation circuit 455 and is responsive to receipt of a response initiation signal And is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic radiation source may comprise a light source such as, for example, a light source such as a light emitting diode and a laser diode or an electromagnetic energy source or radiation source of another frequency, radio wave, microwave, ultraviolet, infrared, ray, terahertz beam,

The actuation portion may include an acoustic energy source 456 (e. G., A piezo element) as shown in FIG. 7D, which is operably connected to the response initiating circuit 457 and is operable to receive And is configured to emit acoustic energy in response. Acoustic energy sources can generate pressure pulses at various frequencies, including audible frequencies, subsonic frequencies, and ultrasonic frequencies. Microscale acoustic transducers may be constructed, for example, as in U.S. Patent No. 5,569,968, which is incorporated herein by reference.

The actuation portion may include a pressure source operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to apply pressure to the body cavity in response to receiving the response initiation signal. The pressure applied may be a positive pressure (e.g., to create a pressure fit with the body cavity wall and device as described above, or to apply a pressure to a particular location, e.g., for hemostasis) To position the device as described above as a vacuum, or to attach a portion of the body cavity to the lumen-like device to maintain airtightness of the leak or aneurysm, for example). The pressure applied to the body cavity can affect at least one of the contents of the body cavity or body cavity, and in some cases, the pressure of the body cavity may cause the pressure of the fluid (gas or liquid) to rise have. The pressure source may be a material that expands through the absorption of water or other materials, a material that expands or contracts as the gas is generated or consumed, or a chemical reaction or temperature change, an electrically induced Maxwell stress, an osmotic stress generator, May vary. 8A shows a negative pressure source 460 that can apply a negative pressure (in this example, a substantially radially inward force) to the lumen wall 461, whereas Fig. 8B shows the lumen wall 461, (A pressure source for expanding or expanding) a positive pressure source 462 capable of applying a positive pressure (a force directed radially outward in this example).

As shown in Figure 8A, applying negative pressure to pull the lumen wall inward to form a hermetic seal with the lumen removable device is useful for treating or correcting other structural damage or imperfection to the aneurysm or lumen wall can do. The application of the inflation and / or positive pressure by the lumen removable device may serve to open the constricted lumen as shown in Fig. 8B, or to fix the lumen removable device at a predetermined location within the lumen. The expansion of some or all of the luminal removable devices may include an expansion of the structural element or an expansion of a portion of the structural element and the expansion of such structural element may be accomplished by the use of an expansion or contoured material of one or more chambers, Structure or the like, or structural changes.

The actuation portion may include a locating element operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to secure the lumen removable device at a predetermined location within the body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal. The locating element can be hooked or hooked to engage on the surface of the body cavity wall or penetrate into the body cavity wall as shown in Figure 5b, and to guide the lumen moving device to form a pressure fit with the body cavity, An adhesive material or adhesive such as in Fig. 5A, or other structure or material that can engage the body cavity wall. The positioning element may also include a suction (sound pressure) generation mechanism to induce the lumen-moving device to be attached to the wall of the body cavity by suction, for example, as shown in Figure 8A. The hooked or hooked structure may be fixed or movable. The movable structure may include mechanical elements and / or materials that change shape or stiffness in response to temperature, electric field, magnetic field, or various other control signals. By way of example, Figures 9 (a) and 9 (b) illustrate a lumen removable device 554 including a positioning element 556. [ Positioning elements, such as position setting element 556, may be used as an actuation portion in some embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 9B is an enlarged view showing a portion 558 of the lumen-moving device 554 and a detailed positioning element 556. FIG. Positioning element 556 is shown in an elongated configuration (indicated by solid line outline), but may also be retracted (outlined in dashed line and as denoted by reference numeral 560). For example, the positioning element 556 may change structure upon exposure to a current from a current source 562 that is connected to the positioning element 556 via circuit 564. Positioning element 556 may be a claw-like protrusion that may be moved or extended so that the claw-like protrusion pierces into the body cavity wall to position the cuff-movable device 554 relative to the cuff wall. do. Positioning element 556 may allow the lumen-like device to be maintained at a desired location within the lumen for short or long periods of time. For example, the locating element may be extended so that it temporarily holds the luminally moveable device in place and allows the luminally moveable device to continue to move through the lumen by subsequent retraction. Alternatively, the luminal removable device may be moved through the body cavity until the luminal removable device has reached the location of interest, and then substantially permanently retained in place to maintain the luminal removable device in a substantially permanent location of interest. . In addition, various other types of positioning elements may be used. For example, hooks, clips, tensioning elements, expansion elements, and adhesives correspond to all examples of positioning elements that can be used to hold a luminal removable device in place. A particular positioning element may be suitable for holding a luminally moveable device at a predetermined location for a long period of time while another positioning element may be more suitable for holding the lumenal moveable device at a predetermined location only for a short period of time.

The actuation portion may include a flow control element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to regulate the flow of fluid through at least a portion of the body cavity in response to receiving the response initiation signal. The flow regulating element can control the flow of fluid through the body cavity to vary the magnitude of the turbulence in the flow, the volumetric rate, the fluid velocity, the direction of flow, or some other flow characteristic. The flow regulating element may be, for example, a valve, a louver, a flow-directing element, a splitter or flow separator, a filter, a baffle, a channel-type confinement, a channel- It can be another structure that can change fluid flow according to the principles of mechanics. Figure 10A shows a lumen-moving device portion 600 including a first channel 602 and a second channel 604 with valves 606 and 608 located in the first and second channels, respectively. Valve 606 is in an open position that allows fluid flow as indicated by the arrows. Valve 608 is in a closed position to block fluid flow. Valves 606 and 608 may be any of various types of controllable valves or microvalves.

10B shows a lumen removable device 610 positioned within body cavity 614 and including louver 612. Fig. The louver 612 can change the flow of fluid within the body cavity 614, for example, by reducing the turbulent flow or reducing the flow rate. The fluid may flow onto one side of the louver 612, as indicated by the arrows.

FIG. 10C illustrates a lumen removable device 620 including a flow internal ingredient 622. FIG. The flow internal containment element 622 can guide fluid flow within the body cavity 624 so that the fluid tends to move toward a particular portion of the body cavity.

Figure 10d shows a portion 630 of a lumen transfer device including a splitter (or flow separator) The fluid can flow into the main channel 634 and can be split so that the fluid flows into the branch channels 636 and 638 so that it can flow into the lumen or within the body cavity and into additional structures (For example, if a lumen removable device is used in a tubing system, branch channels 636 and 638 guide a particular vessel diverging from the larger vessel in which the lumen removable device is located). Valves disposed across the main channel inlet 640 or across the inlet of one or two branch channels (e.g., at the inlet 642 of the branch channel 636) are connected to the outlet of the splitter 632 May be used to control operation.

10E illustrates a lumen removable device 650 that resides within a body cavity formed by body cavity wall 654 and includes filter 652. [ The filter 652 may be formed of a screen, a mesh, a fiber, a sintered material, or various other materials selected to remove particles belonging to a particular size range from the fluid flowing through the filter, particles having specific affinities or binding characteristics .

10F illustrates a lumen removable device 660 that includes a baffle 662 for changing the flow of fluid through the central opening 664 of the lumen removable device 660. The lumen removable device 660 includes a baffle 662, 10F, the baffle 662 may rotate on the shaft 664 to move the baffle into or out of the channel to adjust the fluid flow in a controlled manner.

Fig. 10g shows a lumen-moving device portion 670 having a central channel 672 with a channel-shaped confinement portion 674. Fig. The channel-shaped confinement portion 674 may be formed by a protrusion 676 extending around the circumference of the channel 672. The protrusion 676 can be an expandable or inflatable structure, thereby providing a channelable confinement that is controllable.

Fig. 10h shows a lumen-moving device portion 680 in which the central channel 682 extends into the channel-like extension 684. Fig. The channel-shaped extension 684 may be formed by the contraction of the expandable or inflatable structure 686 that extends around the perimeter of the channel 682. The expandable or inflatable structure 686 is shown as a constricted structure 686a (thus forming a channel-shaped extension 684) and an inflated configuration 686b, It does not. The expandable or inflatable structure 686 can be expanded to various levels, thus forming a channel-like extension of varying size.

In some embodiments, the actuating portion of the luminally moving device may include a separator operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to selectively remove a particular component from the fluid in response to detecting a local condition of interest . The separator may be, for example, a molecular sieve or a mechanical filter (e.g., a screen, mesh, fiber, or the like as shown in FIG. 10E) sized for opening to allow particles or structures of a particular size or size range to pass therethrough. , Or a chemical or biochemical separator based on binding affinity, charge, surface energy, etc., as is well known to those skilled in the art. For example, U.S. Patent Application No. 2005/0126916, incorporated herein by reference, provides examples of micromachined meshes. The separator can remove unwanted components from the fluid (due to reasons such as being heterogeneous or harmful), or can remove various components for the purpose of collecting analytical specimens. Thus, in a related embodiment, the actuation portion may include a specimen collector. Fluid or solid (e.g., tissue) specimens may be collected or captured depending on the type and / or structure of the specimen collector. Examples of specimen collection structures and mechanisms are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,436,120 and 6,712,835, HANNA, DARRIN, M., OAKLEY, BARBARA, A. and STRYKER, GABRIELLE , "A System-on-a-Chip Implantable Device for Filing Circulating Infected Cells in Blood or Lymphs", to filter infected cells circulating in the blood or lymph. "And in the IEEE publication on Nanobiomedical Science, both published on January 25, 2003 and March 2003, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 6-13, The contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Another mechanism for trapping solid material is a grasper as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,679,893, which is incorporated herein by reference.

In some embodiments, the actuating portion may include a fluid catching portion operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to capture the detected material of interest. Figure 11 shows an apparatus 700 that includes a fluid catching portion 706. [ The portable device 700 includes a sensor 702, a response initiating circuit 704 and a fluid catcher 706. Fluid enters the fluid catching portion 706 through an inlet 708. Fluid capturing portion 706 may be, for example, a reservoir, and the fluid is introduced into this reservoir by, for example, capillary action or negative pressure generated by the pump. The captured fluid can be treated and released, or simply stored. For some applications, the stored fluid may be analyzed.

The specimen collection section may be a fluid capture section configured to passively capture fluid and / or fluid components, including cells or other biologic materials within a matrix material, and the fluid capture section may, in some embodiments, Or may be contained within a chamber (e.g., fluid catch portion 706 in FIG. 11) in other embodiments. The matrix material may be selected from the group consisting of cotton, cellulose, absorbents such as natural sponges or artificial sponges, gels (natural gels such as agarose, natural polymer gels and / or synthetic polymer gels, hydrogels), cloides, The same gum base, or microparticles. The specimen collection section may include a lipid monolayer, a lipid bilayer, a liposome, a dendrimer, a ligand affinity resin coupled with a peptide or an antagonist, an ionopore, a hydrosol, a sol-gel, a xerogel, , Hydrocarbon gels, or ferrogel. Various types of porous hydrogels are known, such as those used in US Patent 6,372,248 for wound dressing, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Alternatively, the specimen collector can include a synthetic adsorbent material, such as a charged polymer or proteoglycan, or a natural adsorbent material, such as a type of polylysine that facilitates the adsorption of one or more fluid components that are cells or proteins . Other materials may include silica (SiO ₂ ) gels or alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) gels, which may be part of the matrix material, or semispecific adsorbents such as ion exchange resins or non-specific adsorbents . Other examples of materials for sample collection are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,861,001 and 6,475,639, which are incorporated herein by reference. Alternatively or additionally, the specimen collector can include one or more recognition elements that are of a type that can recognize / recognize or rigorously combine components of the fluid. The recognition element comprises a biological agent, such as a Staphylococcal protein A complex, generally associated with an immunoglobulin, a binding peptide or protein such as an immunoglobulin, a DNA binding protein and / or a general processed protein, And synthetic molecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, conjugates, or artificial antibodies or other pseudo-antibodies. U.S. Patent Nos. 6,255,361, 5,804,563, 6,797,522 and 5,831,012, and U.S. Patent Application 2004/0018508 provide examples of the pseudo-antibodies described above, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Figure 12 shows a specimen collection structure 752 capable of collecting a solid specimen 754, for example, for purposes of biopsy and / or to remove unwanted tissue that is damaged, diseased, or otherwise Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 750 < / RTI > In the example shown in FIG. 12, the solid sample 754 is a solid material found on or near the surface of a wall 756 (e.g., an arterial plaque) that forms a lumen. The solid sample 754 is placed in the storage reservoir 758 by the sample collection structure 752. In a related variant, a luminal removable device may comprise a filter or an optional engagement area for removing material from a fluid moving past or through the lumen removable device.

In some embodiments, the actuation portion may include a catalyst portion operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to expose or activate the catalyst in response to receipt of the response initiation signal. Examples of catalysts include inorganic catalysts such as metal surfaces and organic catalysts such as enzymes. The surfaces that have catalytic properties (such as metal) or to which the catalytic material is attached or to which it is bound can be exposed by directing fluid flow across the surface, altering the chemical nature of the surface, Or activated. For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view in FIG. 13, the lumen-moving device portion 800 can include channel dividing means 802 for separating the two channels 804 and 806. The channel 806 includes a catalytic material 808 that can catalyze the reaction with one or more components of the fluid flowing through the channel 806, as indicated by the arrows. A movable gate 810 on the pivot 812 can block the flow of fluid into the channel 804 while allowing the flow of fluid across the channel 806 and across the catalyst material 808, May be repositioned to block the flow of fluid into the channel (806) while allowing fluid to flow into the channel (804). In some embodiments of the lumen removable device, the actuating portion may include a catalytic portion operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to expose the catalytic surface to the fluid in response to detection of a local condition of interest. The catalyst surface can serve as a catalyst, for example, in a reaction to change or degrade the material of interest.

The actuating portion may include an electric field source operatively connected to the response initiating circuit as shown in Figure 14 and configured to apply an electric field to the fluid and / or the luminal wall or surrounding tissue in response to receiving the response initiating signal . For example, the lumen-type device 820 shown as being in contact with the wall 822 of the lumen 824 includes a first contact 826 and a second contact 828 connected to the source 830 . The source 830 may be a capacitor or other charge storage device for generating an electrostatic field, or it may be a current source capable of generating a dynamic electric field.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 15, the actuating portion may include a magnetic field source operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and adapted to apply a magnetic field to the fluid and / or the tubular wall or surrounding tissue in response to receiving the response initiation signal . A luminally moving device 840 adjacent a wall 842 of lumen 844 may include a coil 846 connected to a current source 848 (e.g.). The current from the current source 848 flowing through the coil 846 causes a magnetic field as shown in Fig. The magnetic field source need not necessarily include a coil, and magnetic fields, as known to those skilled in the art, can be generated by currents flowing through various types of structures. In addition, the magnetic field source may include one or more fixed magnets.

In some embodiments, the actuating portion of the luminal removable device may include a material evacuation structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to release material in response to receipt of a response initiating signal. Figure 16 shows a transfer device 900 that includes a release structure 908 that includes a structural element 902, a sensor 904, a control signal generation circuit 906, and a release mechanism 910. The structural element 902 includes an outer side 912 configured to fit within the body cavity and an inner side 914 defining a central opening 916 through which fluid can flow. Upon sensing a target condition in the fluid by the sensor 904, the control signal generating circuit 906 may cause the material to be released from the material evacuation structure 908 by actuating the evacuation mechanism 910. The emission mechanism 910 may include various different types of emission mechanisms, including, for example, controllable valves. Various types of valves and microvalves are known to those skilled in the art and may be used to regulate material release from the material evacuation structure 908 in response to control signals from the control signal generation circuitry 906. [ The control signal generation circuit 906 may operate the emission mechanism 910 by supplying a transfer control signal, which may be, for example, an electrical signal. In some embodiments, other types of transport control signals may be used, including magnetic signals, optical signals, acoustic signals, or other types of signals. Combinations of various types of signals may be used in some embodiments. In some embodiments, the control signal generation circuitry 906 may cause material to be ejected from the material ejection structure in response to the passage of time that is a specific interval, for example, when monitored by a timekeeping device. In some embodiments, the material release structure 908 may comprise a compressible reservoir of material. In yet another embodiment, the material (s) to be released may be generated within the material release structure. In another embodiment, the material (s) may diffuse away from the emissive structure along a concentration gradient.

17 shows, in cross-section, a structural element 950 of a luminally moving device positioned within a luminal containment structure 952. Fig. The reservoir 954 receives the stored transportable material. Barrier 956 controls the release of stored transportable material into the central opening 958 and thereby fills / fills the lumen containment structure 952 or the stored transportable Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > material. ≪ / RTI >

Figure 18 illustrates an embodiment including a structural element 1000 of a luminally moving device positioned within a luminal containment structure 1002, as an embodiment similar to the embodiment shown in Figure 20. The reservoir 1004 receives the stored transportable material. Barrier 1006 is a controllable barrier that controls the release of stored transportable material. 18, the actuation of the barrier 1006 allows the transportable material stored toward the lumen of the lumenal containment structure 1002 to be released rather than within the central opening 1008. [

Figures 19 (a), 19 (b), 20 (a), 20 (b), 21 (a) and 21 (b) show several variants of a material release structure comprising a controllable barrier . In Figures 19 (a) and 19 (b), the release structure 1150 includes a reservoir 1152 that receives the stored transportable material 1154. As shown in FIG. 19 (a), while the rupturable barrier 1156 is intact, the stored transportable material 1154 is received within the reservoir 1152. As depicted in Figure 19 (b), when the rupturable barrier 1156 is ruptured (as indicated at 1156 '), the transportable material 1154 may be released from the reservoir 1152. The rupturable barrier 1156 may be ruptured by an increase in pressure within the reservoir 1152 caused, for example, by heating that can be controlled by a response initiating circuit. In another variation shown in Figures 20 (a) and 20 (b), the release structure 1200 includes a reservoir 1202 that receives the stored transportable material 1204. As shown in FIG. 20 (a), while the deterioratable barrier 1206 is intact, the stored transportable material 1204 is contained within the reservoir 1202. As shown in FIG. 20 (b), when the deteriorated barrier 1206 becomes degraded form 1206 ', the stored transferable material 1204 is released from the reservoir 1202. Figures 21 (a) and 21 (b) illustrate an emissive structure 1250 that includes a reservoir 1252 that receives a stored transportable material 1254. 21A shows a barrier 1256 capable of controlling the transmittance in the first non-permeable state, whereas FIG. 21B shows a second permeable state (indicated by 1256 ' The barrier 1256 in FIG. The stored transportable material 1256 passes through barrier 1256 'and is released when the barrier is permeable. The rupturable barrier as described above may be formed of a variety of materials including, but not limited to, metals, polymers, crystalline materials, glass, ceramics, semiconductors, and the like. Release of material through rupture or deterioration of the barrier is also described in U.S. Patent No. 6,773,429 and U.S. Patent Application No. 2004/0260391, which are incorporated herein by reference. Semi-permeable barriers with variable permeability are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 6,669,683, herein incorporated by reference. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, in addition to the single discharge function possible from a rupturable barrier, a barrier that operates reversibly through multiple discharge cycles can be formed.

22 shows another embodiment of a structural element of a luminally moving device 1300 in a lumen containing structure 1302. Fig. The lumen removable device 1300 includes a stored transportable material 1304 dispersed within a carrier material 1306. The stored transportable material 1304 can be released from the carrier material 1306 by the release mechanism 1308 when the release mechanism 1308 is actuated. The released transportable material 1304 can be released into the central opening 1310 of the lumen transfer device 1300 and / or into the area around the lumen transfer device.

23A and 23B show the release of the stored transportable material from the carrier material in more detail. In Fig. 23A, the transportable material 1304 is stored in the carrier material 1306. Fig. The carrier material 1306 can be, for example, a polymeric material such as a hydrogel, and the transferable material is dispersed or dissolved within the carrier material 1306. [ The release mechanism 1308 may be a resistance element that is connected directly to the heating element, e.g., a response initiating circuit, or may be induced to be moved, vibrated, or heated by an externally applied electromagnetic field, And may be an electrically reactive material or a magnetically responsive material that is capable of causing the transportable material 1304 to be released from the carrier material 1306 as shown. See, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 5,019,372 and 5,830,207, which are incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments, the electrically active element or the magnetically active element may be heatable by an electromagnetic control signal, and the heating of the electrically active element or magnetically active element may cause the polymer to undergo a structural change. Examples of magnetically responsive polymers include those described in Neto, et al., By citation of, for example, "Doping with magnetic colloids, published in March 2005, Vol. 35, No. 1, &Quot; Optical, Magnetic and Dielectic Properties of Non-Liquid Crystalline Elastomers Doped with Magnetic Colloids ", incorporated herein by reference. Other exemplary materials and structures are described in "Magnetically-driven temperature-controlled microfluidic actuators" by Agarwal et al. (Http://www.unl.im.dendai.ac / RTI > / INSS2004 / INSS2004_papers / OralPresentations / C2.pdf) or U.S. Patent No. 6,607,553, which are incorporated herein by reference. With regard to the release of material, in some embodiments, by using a shrinkable spine that penetrates into the lumen wall as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,991,617, it can be used as a lumen wall as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,743,211 Chemical permeation enhancing means as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,673,363, which can be released by a permeable hollow microneedle, from a separate reservoir or other source, or from a lumen transfer device with the material Or by means of electrical permeability enhancing means, such as a power source for implementing electrical perforations, similar to those in U.S. Patent No. 6,512,950 or 6,022,316, to increase the permeability of the luminal wall to the emitted material, The entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The actuation portion may include a device emission structure operatively connected to the response initiation circuitry and configured to emit the device in response to receipt of the response initiation signal. For example, FIG. 24 illustrates a lumen removable device 1350 that includes a device release structure 1352 (which in this example is a grasper-type structure) that holds the device 1354 to be released into the body cavity have. The response initiating circuit 1356 may receive a sense signal from the sensor 1358 and may generate a response start signal to cause the device emission structure 1352 to emit the device 1354. [ Apparatus 1354 can be any type of apparatus small enough to be carried by a luminally moving device. For example, the device 1354 may be a sensor with a transmitter, a device that emits a drug or other compound, or an electrical stimulation device or a magnetic stimulation device. The device structure shown in Fig. 24 is intended only as an example, and the device that is ejected by the device ejection structure of a lumen removable device may have a variety of structures. It will be appreciated that the device emission structure may be configured to be compatible with a particular type of device, or may be suitable for use with multiple types of devices.

25A and 25B, the actuating portion of the lumen removable device 1400 is operably connected to the response initiation circuit 1404 and is responsive to receipt of the response initiation signal to deliver the material or structure < RTI ID = 0.0 > And a transfer structure 1402 configured to transfer a wafer 1408. 25A, a lumen removable device 1400 can be attached to a connector 1406 on a structure 1408 and thereby allow the structure 1408 to be carried by the lumen removable device 1400 And a transfer structure 1402. In use, the lumen removable device 1400 may carry the structure 1408 to receive the device 1410. [ The response initiating circuit 1404 can generate a response start signal when the portable device 1400 is close to the receiving device 1410. [ The storage device 1410 may include a storage structure 1413 composed of a recess 1412 and a storage arm 1414 mounted on the pivot 1416. [ The containment device 1410 can be a non-mobile device or structure that is implanted or disposed within a lumen, or, in some embodiments, the containment device 1410 can be a second lumen removable device. The second lumen-removable device may include various features as described above, and the actuating portion is operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and is responsive to receipt of the response initiation signal to deliver a predetermined material or structure [ (E.g., the storage structure 1413 in Figs. 25A and 25B) configured to house the storage medium (e. G., Structure 1408). When the structure 1408 is pushed into the accommodating recess 1412, the receiving arm 1414 moves onto the pivot 1416 so that the structure 1408 can slide into the recess 1412 , Where the structure can be held by the protrusion 1418 as shown in Figure 25B.

The actuation portion may include a capture structure operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to capture a structure (including but not limited to an artifact) from the body cavity in response to receiving the response initiation signal. The capture structure can be compared to the device emission structure as shown previously and can capture a given structure from the body cavity by attaching it to a connector such as connector 1406. [ In a related embodiment, the collecting structure can generally pick up the main body of the collecting device as shown in Fig. In another embodiment, the collection structure may be large enough to accommodate the collection target structure inside the body of the portable device. The actuating portion of the luminally movable device may include an attachment structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to attach to a predetermined structure (particularly an artificial structure) present in the body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal. The attachment structure may be the jaw shown in FIG. 24 or it may be the device release structure shown in FIGS. 25A and 25B. Other attachment mechanisms may include various other mechanical mechanisms or may be based on magnetic attraction, electrostatic forces, chemical bonds, surface interactions, and the like. The micro-scale structure for gripping or picking is described in U.S. Patent No. 6,398,280 and Zyvex NanoEffector Microgrippers of Zyvex, published on Dec. 7, 2006, Nanotechnology, "(see http://www.zyvex.com/Products/Grippers_Features.html) and" Zyvex NanoEffector "on pages 1 and 2 of the Zyvex Corporation 2006 edition of Zyvex Corporation. Microgrippers ", all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The operating portion may include one or more tools, particularly surgical tools, such as cutting tools as shown in Figures 26a and 26b, and may include a tool for rubbing, a tool for suturing, and a cauterizing tool. 26A, the lumen removable device 1450 includes a cutting tool 1452 mounted on a shaft 1454 that can be retracted into the channel 1456 and the translating motor 1458 can be retracted into the channel 1456, Lt; / RTI > In the embodiment shown in FIG. 26A, the lumen removable device 1450 includes a main lumen 1460. A cross-section of the lumen-moving device 1450 taken at the dividing line B-B, representing the shaft 1454, the channel 1456 and the main lumen 1460, is shown in Fig. The channel 1456 and the main lumen 1460 pass through the central portion 1462 of the lumen transfer device 1450.

Figure 27 illustrates a lumen removable device 1500 that is substantially similar to the lumen removable device 1450 in Figures 26A and 26B, but includes a tool 1502 for rubbing. The rubbing tool 1502 is mounted on the shaft 1504, which can be retracted in the channel 1506. In order to allow the rubbing tool 1502 to retract during use of the rubbing tool 1502 as shown by the double arrows and into the main lumen 1508 of the lumen moving device to the position shown by the dashed line And also rotate the shaft 1504 within the channel 1506. An example of a tool for rubbing is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2005-74229, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Various examples of suturing tools are disclosed and described in U.S. Patent Nos. 7,131,979 and 5,964,773, which are incorporated herein by reference. The firing tool can be a special form of the heating element as shown in Fig. 7A or a special form of the electromagnetic radiation source as shown in Fig. 7C. These tools may be, for example, microscale tools formed by MEMS fabrication techniques as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,728,089, which is incorporated herein by reference. It will be appreciated that the various other actuators described herein may also have surgical uses, and that the actuating portion for performing, for example, sample collection, material release, heating, cooling, etc., may all have surgical applicability.

Figure 28 illustrates a system 1600 including a lumen removable device 1602 located within a body cavity 1604 and a remote portion 1606 located outside the body surface 1608 in this example. The actuating portion of the portable device 1602 is operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and includes a transmitter (not shown) configured to transmit a detection signal 1612 to a remote location (e.g., remote portion 1606) 1610 < / RTI > The caregiver can be notified of the condition of the patient using a detection signal so that the caregiver can take the appropriate action, or the information available by the automated system to control the operation of the portable device can be included in the detection signal.

Various types of propulsion mechanisms may be used to move the lumen removable device through the body cavity. Examples are U.S. Patent Nos. 5,337,732, 5,386,741, 5,662,587 and 6,709,388, and Kassim, IRWAN, PHEE, LOUIS, WAN S., (GONG, FENG), DARIO, PAOLO and MOSSE CHARLES A. have been awarded to IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine in May / June 2006 Locomotion Techniques for Robotic Colonoscopy "by CHRISTENSEN, BILL, published on pages 49 to 56, 2006, on February 27, 2004, at Techno Bulge.com Musclebot: Microrobot with a Heart "(http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/Science-Fiction-News.asp?NewsNum=46), which is on page 2 and page 2, ANANTHASWAMY, ANIL, published February 12, 2004, in New Scientist Publications, p. See "First robot moved by muscle power" on page 3 (see http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn4714, September 12, 2006). Published by Randes Bioscience, Inc., in Georgetown, Texas, USA, 1999, published by Freitas JR. And ROBERT A. "Nanotechnology: Volume 1: "Arteriovenous Microcirculation", "9.4.3.5 Legged Ambulation", and "Arteriovenous Microcirculation" on pages 211 to 214 and 316 to 318 of "Nanomedicine Volume I: Basic Capabilities" 9.4.3.6 Tank-Tread Rolling "," 9.4.3.7 Amoeboid Locomotion "and" 9.4.3.8 Inchworm Locomotion ", all of which are cited The entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The propulsion mechanism of the luminal moveable device is described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application No. 2004/0008853, MATHIEU, JB., MARTEL, S., YAHIA, L'H Quot ;, MRI System as Promotional Means for Intravenous Microdevices), published by IEEE in 2003 by BEAUDOIN, G. SOULEZ, G., (LU, ZHAO) and Marcel Silva (MARTEL, SYLVAIN) were held from August 30, 2006 to September 3, 2006, respectively. Quot; Preliminary Investigations of Bio-carriers Using Magnetotactic Bacteria ", published by the 28th IEEE EMBS Annual International Conference Proceedings (IEEE), pages 3415 to 3418, MARTEL, SYLVAIN) from August 30, 2006 to September 3, 2006, the 28th IEEE EMBS Annual MRI-controlled ferromagnetic carriers and MC-I runner-like bacterial carriers for targeted treatment in arterial capillary networks stimulated by tumor angiogenesis, published in the Journal of the Institute of Medicine (IEEE), pp. 3399 to 3402 , &Quot; Towards MRI-Controlled Ferromagnetic and MC-I Magnetotactic Bacterial Carriers for Targeted Therapeutics in Arteriolocapillar Networks Stimulated by Tumoral Angiogenesis ", both of which are incorporated herein by reference . The propulsion mechanism is described in U.S. Patent No. 7,042,184 and U.S. Patent Application No. 2006/0119304, both incorporated herein by reference, both of which are incorporated herein by reference, such as IKEUCHI , K.), YOSHINAKA, K., HASHIMOTO, S. and TOMITA, N. in the IEEE on 1996 for the 7th Like structures as disclosed in " Locomotion of Medical Micro Robot with Spiral Ribs Using Mucus "published in International Symposium Bulletin, pp. 217-222, for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,574,347 And on Feb. 27, 2004 Techno Bulge dot com on pages 1 and 2 by Christensen, BILL, "Musclebot: a micro-robot with heart (Musclebo t: Microrobot with a Heart "(http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/Science-Fiction-News.asp?NewsNum=46, printed September 12, 2006) "Fundamentals of high-speed piezo-actuated three-legged motion for miniature robots designed for nanoscale work", MARTEL, SYLVAIN, operations "on pages 1 to 8 and gaitable attachments as described in other documents. The appendage-like structure can interlock with the lumen wall intermittently, pushing the structural element against the lumen wall by a gait, or pushing fluid inside the lumen in a paddling or swimming motion. In some embodiments, the propulsion mechanism may cause the luminal engagement structure to pivot relative to the structural element, for example, when rotating the wheel or screw element for propelling the structural element through the lumen. The propulsion mechanism may include a mechanical or micro-mechanical structure driven by at least one motor, a micromotor, or a molecular motor, or by a structural change or expansion of a shape-deforming polymer or metal. The molecular motor can be a biomolecular motor that operates on biochemical chemicals such as ATP, kinesin, RNA polymerase, myosin dyne, ATP synthase, lactase, or viral proteins.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows an example of a lumen removable device including a propelling mechanism for rotating a luminal wall engagement structure. The portable device 10 may include a structural element 12 configured to fit within at least a portion of the body cavity 14. The structural element 12 may include a luminal wall engagement portion 16. The luminal device 10 may also include a propulsion mechanism 20 that allows the structural element 12 to move through a body cavity 14 in which structural elements are located. At this time, the propulsion mechanism 20 includes two rotating wheels, and the outer rim of the wheel forms a lumen wall engaging portion 16.

In various alternative approaches, two (or more) of the lumen wall engaging portions may intermittently engage the body lumen wall. Figures 29A-29E illustrate (as a cross-sectional view) a first portion 1654 of a lumen removable device that is at least intermittently engageable with an inner surface 1658 of a body cavity in which a lumen- A first lumen wall engaging structure 1652 on the first lumen wall 1620. The first lumen wall engaging structure 1652 includes a first lumen wall engaging structure 1652, The device may also include at least one second lumen wall engagement structure 1660 on a second portion 1662 of the lumen removable device wherein the propulsion mechanism is configured to engage the inner surface of the body cavity 1658 and first and second lumen wall engaging structures 1660 and 1660 with alternating engagement of first lumen wall engaging structure 1652 and first lumen wall engaging structure 1652 and second lumen wall engaging structure 1660, The distance is increased or decreased. In this example, increasing or decreasing the distance between the first and second lumen wall engaging structures can be done in region 1664, but in other embodiments, for example, The distance between the first lumen wall engaging structure and the second lumen wall engaging structure can be changed according to the positional change of the lumen wall engaging structure. The length of the portions (e.g., end 1656) of the tubular movable device may be unchanged to provide a stable position for mounting the control circuitry (not shown). Alternating engagement and disengagement of the first and second lumen wall engaging structures with the lumen wall allows for a beaded propulsion of the device through the body cavity. The lumen removable device 1650 includes at least two lumen wall engaging structures 1652 and 1660 that together with the body wall alternately engage and drop to effect a loop movement of the lumen- And includes a propulsion mechanism that can be relatively extended and contracted. The embodiment of a luminally moving device shown in Figures 29 (a) - (e) has a tubular structure with a central lumen 1668 to allow movement of fluid through the device. Figure 29 (a) shows a lumen-moving device in which the lumen wall engaging structures 1652 and 1660 are extended to engage the inner side 1658. In Figure 29 (b), the second lumen wall engaging structure 1660 is retracted and the region 1664 is shortened to allow the second portion 1662 of the lumen 166 to move in the direction indicated by the arrow Thereby obtaining the structure shown in FIG. 29 (c). The second lumen wall engaging structure 1660 then extends to engage the inner side 1658 and the first lumen wall engaging structure 1652 is contracted to have the structure shown in Figure 29 (d). At this time, as shown by arrows in Figure 29 (d), region 1664 is enlarged to move first portion 1654 of lumen-moving device 1650 in the direction indicated by arrow in Figure 29 (d) . At the end of the exercise cycle, the lumen removable device 1650 has the structure shown in Figure 29 (e). The first lumen wall engaging structure 1652 can then be extended to engage the inner side 1658 as shown in Figure 29 (a). It will be appreciated that by repeating the exercise cycle shown in Figures 29 (a) - (e), movement of the lumen-moving device through the body cavity can be achieved. Various types of luminal wall engaging structures can be used in devices that perform looper exercise, and structures that engage with body wall walls through other mechanisms (such as suction mechanisms, adhesives, hooks, or hooks) other than the expanding or extending luminal wall engaging structure Can be used. A lumen-type device using a looper-type propulsion mechanism with a suction mechanism for engagement with the surface of the heart is known from PATRONIK, N. A., OTA, T., The IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transport Systems (EMBS), held annually from August 30, 2006 to September 3, 2006, in RIVIERE, CN. ZENATI, MA, pp. 339-342 Quot; Improved Traction for a Mobile Robot Traveling on the Heart ", published by IEEE in 1997 and published in IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Vol. 1567 (DARIO, P.), Carroz M. et al. Colocyte endoscopy, which was published by CARROZZA, MC, LENCIONI, L., MAGNANI, B., D'ATTANASIO, S., April 1997, A Micro Robotic System for Colonoscopy "and" DONGXIANG, CHI "and" GUOZHENG, YAN "were held from November 7, 2001 to November 9, 2001 Quot; An earthworm-based miniature robot for intestinal inspection "published in the SPIE Newsletter No. 4601, pp. 396-400, all of which are incorporated herein by reference, Are included in the specification.

The radially and longitudinally inflated or elongated structure may be a mechanical or micro-mechanical structure, an expandable material, an inflatable structure, or a shape-deforming material or structure. Although references to extendable and inflatable materials and structures throughout the present example and throughout this specification, structures that are extensible and inflatable may also be stretchable or retractable, and thus may be reversed in size . This inversely changing dimension can be used to form a cycling motion to propel the lumen-moving device. However, in some applications it can be considered that materials and structures that change the dimensions in one direction (so that only expansion or just shrinkage) can be used.

30A and 30B illustrate the use of a contoured structure for engagement of an elongated portion of a body structure of a tubular movable device with a tubular wall. 30A, the lumen-moving device 1700 may have a curved structure as shown in Fig. 30A, or may have a shape-changing arc 1702, which may have an elongated structure as shown in Fig. 30B, . This structural change can be made by heating the bimetallic strip, or by using a shape memory material having at least two structures, and can be used to increase or decrease the lumen removable device 1700. The luminally moving device may include a first lumen wall engaging structure 1704 and a second lumen wall engaging structure 1706. The first lumen wall engaging structure 1704 is formed from a strip of material formed within the first loop 1708 and the second loop 1710, respectively. In Fig. 30A, the first loop 1708 is small and the second loop 1710 is large, so that the second root engages with the lumen wall 1720. Fig. The second lumen wall engaging structure 1706 is formed of a first loop 1714 and a second loop 1716 of normal size in Fig. 30A, and thus neither engages the lumen wall 1720. The first lumen wall engaging structure 1704 is connected to the lumen removable device 1700 at the loading point 1712 and moves the first loop 1708 relative to the second loop 1712 to change the size of the two loops And a translating mechanism for making the Similarly, the second lumen wall engaging structure 1706 is connected to the lumen removable device 1700 at the point of attachment 1718 and is connected to the first loop 1714 (FIG. 17) relative to the second loop 1716 to change the size of the two loops. And a translational mechanism for moving the first and second actuators. 30B, the arc 1702 is extended so that the second lumen wall engaging structure 1706 is moved from point B (see FIG. 30A) to point C (see FIG. 30B). The first loop 1714 of the second lumen wall engaging structure 1706 is reduced in size by the translational mechanism at the point of attachment 1718 while the second loop 1716 is enlarged to engage the body wall 1720. Thus, a looper-like motion similar to the motions shown in Figures 29 (a) - (e) can be done by an embodiment of a lumen moveable device as shown in Figures 30a and 30b.

31 shows yet another embodiment of a lumen removable device adapted to move through a body cavity using a propulsion mechanism for performing a gait movement. The luminal removable device may include two or more luminal wall engaging structures on a predetermined portion of the lumen removable device that may be intermittently engaged at least intermittently with the inner side of the body cavity where the lumen removable device is located, So that the two or more pipe wall engaging structures are allowed to undergo gait. Increasing and reducing the distance between the luminal wall engaging structures is done by changing the leg structure rather than by stretching and reducing the main structure (e.g., body structure) of the lumen removable device. The lumen removable device 1750 includes a structural element 1751 sized to fit within the body cavity and at least two lumen wall engagement structures that are operable to alternately engage and disengage the body wall Wall engaging structures 1752, 1754, 1756, 1758, 1760, and 1762 are shown), and alternately engaging and disengaging body cavity wall 1764 to move a lumen- And a propelling mechanism that allows the luminal wall engagement structure to extend and contract relative to each other. The lumen removable device 1750 also includes an actuation control circuit that is configured to at least partially control the propulsion mechanism to be supported by the lumen removable device and to control movement of the lumen removable device through the body cavity, Which is not shown in Figure 31 but which is configured to be operable in response to the detection of a target condition of interest by the sensor, carried by the structural element and which operates as described elsewhere herein And an operating portion. The at least two lumen wall engaging structures may include at least two attachments configured for gait movement. In the embodiment shown in Figure 31, the legs 1752 and 1754 extend and contract relative to one another, for example, so that one leg rotates forward and the other leg rotates backward. A greater number of legs or a smaller number of legs distributed in various patterns centering on the structural elements may be used to propel the lumen moving device through the body cavity and the embodiment shown in Figure 31 may include one possible example .

The leg structure for a lumen removable device can be formed with a variety of materials and structures including nanotubes and nanotube bundles, carbon fibers and carbon fiber bundles, silicon, metals, polymers, and other materials described herein. The legs can be moved to perform a walking operation that can be driven by various mechanisms. In some embodiments, the legs formed of shape-deforming material can move by changing the leg structure itself in the structural aspect, while in other embodiments, the legs can be moved by a separate drive mechanism, Structure. The shape-deforming material that can be used in the leg structure or the actuator may be of various types as described in other parts of the specification, such as, for example, stacked piezoelectric elements, electroactive polymers, thermosensitive polymers, magnetic field responsive polymers and ferromagnetic materials. In some embodiments, the motors and actuators may be used to drive motion of the legs as is known to those skilled in the art.

In yet another embodiment of the propulsion mechanism, as shown in Figures 32a and 32b, a plurality of lumen wall engaging structures, which in turn, engage and fall in engagement with the body cavity wall, Can be used to do. Examples of devices that perform this type of operation are described in U.S. Patent No. 6,764,441, U.S. Patent Application No. 2006/0004395, MANGAN, ELIZABETH V., KINGSLEY, DAN A., "Development of Interlocking Endoscopes", published on pages 1 to 6 of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, held in 2002 by CHIEL, HILLEL J., QUINN, ROGER D. and CHIEL HILLEL J. of a Peristaltic Endoscope "(see http://biorobots.cwru.edu/publications/lCRA02_Mangan_Endoscope.pdf), and MEIER, P., OBERTHUER, S., LANG, M.), published at the 28th IEEE EMBS Annual International Conference, pp. 331 to 334, held from August 30, 2006 to September 3, 2006, entitled "Development of a Flexible Device for Minimally Invasive Surgery &Quot; described in " Development of a compliant device for minimally invasive surgery & It is included in the specification.

32A and 32B, the lumen removable device 1800 includes a structural element 1802 that may be formed of an elastic material. The structural element 1802 may be a substantially tubular structure, for example, with a central tube 1816. A plurality of inflation or extension structures 1804, 1806, 1808, 1810, 1812, 1814 and 1818 may be positioned along the length of the structural element 1802. The inflating structure or the elongating structure may expand not only in the radially outward direction but also in the longitudinal direction. For example, in Fig. 32A, the inflation or extension structures 1804 and 1810 are each shown in an inflated configuration, which is wider and longer than their contracted configuration as shown in Fig. 32B. Conversely, the inflation or extension structures 1806, 1808, 1812, and 1814 are shown in a contracted configuration in Figure 32A and in an inflated configuration in Figure 32B. By inflating and contracting the inflation or extension structure in sequence as shown in Figs. 32A and 32B, movement of the lumen-moving device through the body cavity can be realized.

In some embodiments, the propulsion mechanism may be configured to drive movement of the lumen-moving device along a wire, catheter, cannula or tube within the body cavity. 33, a lumen removable device 1850 includes an elongate structure 1852 (e.g., a wire, a catheter, a cannula, etc.) positioned within a body cavity 1854 surrounded by a lumen wall 1856. [ , Tubing, or other structure). The lumen removable device 1850 includes a body structure 1858, a retainer 1860, and a propulsion mechanism 1862. 33, the retainer 1860 is configured such that, while the lumen removable device 1850 is moved along the elongate structure 1852 by the propelling mechanism 1862, the lumen removable device along the elongate structure 1852 Shaped structure that retains the lumen removable device 1850 relative to the elongate structure 1852 while allowing it to move. In the embodiment of FIG. 33, the propulsion mechanism 1862 is a rotary wheel that moves the lumen removable device 1850 along the elongate structure 1852, while in other embodiments it may be used to move the lumen removable device along a long structure Other propulsion mechanisms may be used.

Finally, as noted elsewhere herein, in some embodiments, a lumen removable device is disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,240,312, or BEHKAM, BAHAREH, SITTl, Hybrid Swimming Micro Robot: Bacteria Assisted Propulsion of Polystyrene Beads ", published at the 28th IEEE EMBS Annual International Conference, August 30 to September 3, 2006, Rather than engaging with the wall of the body cavity as described in " TOWARDS HYBRID SWIMMING MICROROBOTS: BACTERIA ASSISTED PROPULSION OF POLYSTYRENE BEADS ", these may be propelled through the body cavity by one or more pedals, propellers, Both documents are incorporated herein by reference.

The direction of travel generated by the various propulsion mechanisms described herein can be reversed by simply reversing the operation of the propulsion mechanism.

In various embodiments as described herein, a luminally moveable device may include a power source configured to provide power to at least one of a propulsion mechanism, an operation control circuit, a sensor, a response initiating circuit, and an actuation portion. The power source may be a battery or a micro battery, a fuel cell or a biofuel cell or a nuclear battery. One or more of the same or different types of power sources may be included in the portable mobile device without limitation. A battery, which may be a micro-battery constructed like a film (see U.S. Patent Nos. 5,338,625 and 5,705,293) or similar to that available from Quallion LLC (http://www.quallion.com) , Which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Alternatively, the power source may be one or more fuel cells, such as a fuel cell by enzyme, a fuel cell by microorganism, or a fuel cell by photosynthesis, or other biofuel cell [US Patent Application 2003 / 0152823A1 WO03 / 016966A2, or J. Am. See Miniature Biofuel Cell, published by Chen, T, et al., 2001 edition, Vol. 123, pp. 8630 to 8631 of Chemm. Soc. All documents cited herein by reference) and may be of any size, including microscale or nanoscale. In some embodiments, the power source may be a nuclear power battery. The power source may be, for example, a pressure-rectifying mechanism that utilizes a pulsatile change in blood pressure or an acceleration-regulating mechanism such as that used in a self-winding watch, or other type of flow conditioning system that can derive energy from other flow parameters Energy-scavenging device such as a mechanism. In some embodiments, the power source may be an electrical power source remote from the structural element and connected to the structural element by a wire, or may be an electrical power source located remotely from the structural element and connected to the structural element by a fiber optic line or cable It can be a photovoltaic source. In some embodiments, the power source may be, for example, an acoustic source or an electromagnetic source (e.g., an infrared energy or an inductively coupled energy source as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,170,485 or U.S. Patent Application No. 2005/0228259, Patent and US patent application cited herein incorporated by reference). ≪ / RTI > In some embodiments, the power source may include an electrical power source located remotely from the lumen removable device and connected to the lumen removable device by a wire, or may be located remotely from the lumen removable device, And a photovoltaic source coupled to the device.

In some embodiments, the passive device may include a power transmitter capable of transmitting power from the passive device to the second position. The power transmitter may deliver at least one of acoustic power, electrical power, or optical power. The second position may be another device that is internal to the body, e.g., inside the body cavity or other location, including a structure and power receiver for utilizing, storing and / or delivering received power, for example.

34 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a lumen removable device 1900 in which the lumen removable device includes a braking portion 1902, A pushing mechanism 1906 to allow the lumen removable device to move through a body cavity in which the lumen removable device is disposed, at least partially retained by the lumen removable device, An actuation control circuit 1908 configured to control the propulsion mechanism 1906 to control movement, a sensor 1910 capable of detecting a target condition within the body cavity and generating a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest, A sensor 1910 operatively coupled to the sensor 1910 and receiving a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity, A response initiator circuit 1912 configured to generate a start signal, and an actuation portion 1914 operably connected to the response initiator circuit 1912 and capable of reacting upon receipt of a response initiation signal. The operation control circuit 1908 and the response start circuit 1912 constitute a part of the control circuit 1907, and the control circuit may also include other components not specifically described in this specification. The embodiment of Figure 34 also includes a steering mechanism 1916 that can change the direction of movement of the luminally moving device wherein the motion control circuitry 1908 is operable to control the movement of the lumen- 1916). The embodiment of Figure 34 provides power to at least one of the propulsion mechanism 1906, the steering mechanism 1916, the motion control circuit 1908, the sensor 1910, the response initiating circuit 1912 and the actuation 1914 (Not shown). The components of the embodiment of Fig. 34 may be substantially as described in other parts of this specification. The steering mechanism 1916 can be any of a variety of structures depending on the type of propulsion mechanism used. The steering mechanism may be a rudder if the propulsion mechanism is a pedal or propeller that causes the lumen-moving device to move in fluid in the body cavity. If the propulsion mechanism comprises a plurality of wheels or aquamarine shaped structures, these wheels or aquamarine shaped structures may be operated differently on the other side of the lumen-like device to steer the lumen-like device in one direction or another. In embodiments where the lumen-moving device is in contact with the body cavity walls on all sides of the lumen removable device, the steering mechanism may only be used when the lumen removable device reaches a branch point in the lumen, When the forward portion (determined by the direction of movement) of the lumen transfer device is advanced to enter, the rear portion of the lumen transfer device continues without requiring additional steering.

Various embodiments of the lumen removable device may include a marker or a tag. The indicator or tag may be an imaging indicator or tag detectable by a remote imaging system that indicates the location of the lumen removable device within the patient ' s body (e.g., radio frequency opaque indicator for x-ray imaging) . Alternatively, the indicator or tag may be detectable by a sensing device or sensing structure within the patient ' s body.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 35, at least a portion of the circuitry that controls the operation of the lumen removable device 1950 may be located remote from the lumen device, remote device portion 1972, Or may be located at a predetermined location within the body of a patient a predetermined distance away from the lumen removable device. 35, the lumen removable device 1950 includes a braking portion 1952, a fluid abutment portion 1954 configured to contact the fluid within the body cavity and to permit fluid flow at least intermittently through the body cavity, A propulsion mechanism (1956) for allowing the lumen-like device to move through a body cavity in which the device is disposed, a propulsion mechanism (1956) carried by the lumen device at least partially and for controlling movement of the lumen- A sensor 1960 capable of detecting a condition of interest within the body cavity and capable of generating a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest, a sensor 1960 operatively coupled to the sensor 1960, And configured to generate a response start signal upon receipt of a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity Disclosure operably linked to a circuit (1962), and the response start circuit (1962) and includes the operating portion (1964) capable of reacting upon receipt of the response start signal. 35 includes a steering mechanism 1966 that is capable of changing the direction of movement of a luminally moving device, wherein the motion control circuit 1958 includes a steering mechanism 1966 to control movement of the lumen- . ≪ / RTI > At least a portion of the control circuitry for the channeled device 1950, i.e., the remote circuitry 1974, may be located remote from the channeled device 1950 remote portion 1972. The remote circuit 1974 may include a remote portion of the operation control circuit 1978 and a remote portion of the response initiation circuit 1980. [ Lumped device 1950 includes a transceiver 1984 and a receiver / transceiver (not shown), which may include a transfer circuit and / or data receiver configured to receive a radio control signal from a remote portion of operation control circuit 1978 1984). The data may be transferred from the lumen device 1950 to the remote unit 1972. Remote portion 1972 may include a power source 1986. Alternatively, the motion control circuit may be located in or on the lumen-moving device. The embodiment of Figure 35 provides power to at least one of the propulsion mechanism 1956, the steering mechanism 1966, the motion control circuit 1958, the sensor 1960, the response initiating circuit 1962 and the actuation 1964 (Not shown). The components of the embodiment of FIG. 35 may be substantially as described in other parts of this specification. The steering mechanism 1966 may be as described above with respect to FIG. In some embodiments, power may be transmitted from the remote portion 1972 to the lumen removable device 1950.

The motion control circuit may be operably connected to the sensor and may include at least one of a steering mechanism and a propulsion mechanism to control movement of the lumen removable device in response to receipt of a sensing signal indicative, at least in part, . Similarly, the response initiating circuit may be located in or on the lumen-moving device in some embodiments, while in other embodiments at least a portion of the response-initiating circuit may be located remotely from the lumen- The luminally moving device may include a data transmitting and receiving circuit configured to communicate with at least a portion of the answering circuit located remotely from the lumen removable device.

The control circuitry for the passive device, which is located on or remote from the luminally moving device and includes the response initiating circuit and / or the motion control circuitry, may comprise at least one of a microprocessor and / or hardware, software and firmware. Examples of communication devices and / or systems within a device internal to the body are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,843,139, 6,409,674 or 7,125,382, U.S. Patent Application No. 2002/0198604, and RICE, MIKE, 2006 "Implantable Neurostimulation Device Market for Explosive Growth" (http: // www. Future Fab International, January 7, 2006, printed on Oct. 6, : //www.future-fab.com/documents.asp? d_ID = 3725), the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Various embodiments of a lumen removable device as shown and described herein include a luminal wall engagement portion, a fluid contact portion that is configured to contact the fluid within the body cavity and at least intermittently fluid flow through the body cavity, At least one sensor capable of detecting a condition of interest in the body cavity and capable of generating a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest, An actuation control circuit carried on the luminally moveable device and configured to control the propulsion mechanism based at least in part on the sensed signal, operatively connected to the sensor and receiving a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity If a response start signal is generated Operably linked to a response start circuit, and the response start circuit is configured and may include a work, which can react upon receipt of the response start signal. Fluid contacts configured to contact the fluid in the body cavity and at least intermittently to allow fluid flow through the body cavity may be used in a fluid conduit such as a blood vessel, a breathing tube, a part of a digestive tract or CSF space, It is considered a useful feature for mobile devices. In some cases, blockage of the flow can cause serious problems. Thus, a lumen removable device configured to allow fluid flow in at least some sections of a particular time may be valuable. For example, the fluid may flow (e.g., as shown in Figures 1, 29, or 32) through a channel or lumen passing through the lumen removable device, or alternatively, as shown in Figures 5A, 30a, 30b, or 33, it can flow past a luminally moving device having a cross-section that does not fill the cross-section of the lumen.

As shown in the various figures, a luminally moveable device may include a power source configured to provide power to at least one of a propulsion mechanism, an operation control circuit, a sensor, a response initiating circuit, and an actuation portion. The power source may be located on the lumen-moving device, or may be located (at least partially) on the remote part as shown in Fig. 35, where power is transmitted to the lumen-type device.

Lumen removable devices may include various types of sensing devices or information collecting devices or these structures. A lumen removable device may include a single sensor or multiple sensors of the same type or of different types including but not limited to pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow sensors, viscosity sensors, shear stress sensors (e.g., Or to measure the effective shear modulus of a fluid at a strain rate), a hydrogen ion concentration sensor, a chemical sensor for measuring the concentration of a chemical compound or chemical species, an optical sensor, an acoustic sensor, a biosensor, an electric sensor, Or a timer. Examples of various sensors that can be used in embodiments as described herein are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,522,394, 5,873,835, 6,053,837, 6,409,674, 6,111,520, 6,278,379, 6,475,639, 6,855,115 And U.S. Patent Application Nos. 2005/0277839 and 2005/0149170, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. U.S. Patent No. 6,802,811, incorporated herein by reference, provides additional examples of sensing and / or monitoring. In some embodiments, an imaging device (e.g., a CCD array) may be operatively connected to a lumen-removable device, e.g., a structural element.

The photosensor may be configured to measure, for example, light absorption, light divergence, fluorescence, or phosphorescence of at least a portion of the fluid. The optical properties described above may be intrinsic optical properties of some or all of the fluid or tissue, or may be optical properties of materials added to or introduced into the fluid, such as tags or indicators for the material of interest. Photodetection of the material in the blood is described, for example, in "Blood Tests " printed on pages 1 and 2 of St. Peterburg Times, October 20, 2006 by KRUEGER, CURTIS, Quot; New light on blood testing "(see http://www.sptimes.com/2006/10/20news_pf/Tampabay/New_light_on_blood_te.shtml), which is incorporated herein by reference.

The biosensor can be, but is not limited to, a biological indicator, an antibody, an antigen, a peptide, a polypeptide, a protein, a complex material, hexane, a cell (and in some cases a specific type of cell, (S), cell fragments, cellular components, platelets, organelles, germ cells, pathogens, lipids, lipoproteins, alcohol, acids, ions, immunosuppressants, sterols, carbohydrates, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, metals, electrolytes, metabolites, Organic compounds, organic phosphate compounds, drugs, therapeutic substances, gases, contaminants, or tags. The biosensor may include other binding molecules or antibodies such as receptors or ligands. As used herein, a sensor may comprise a single sensor or an array of sensors, and is not limited to any particular number or type of sensor. The sensor may include, in part or in whole, acoustic waves, chemiresistant, or a gas sensor such as a piezoelectric sensor or perhaps an electrical nose. The sensor is based on a chemical sensor [Snow, ES, "Chemical Detection with a Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Capacitor", Science 307, 1942, 1945, 2005 Quot; Smart Single-Chip Gas Sensor Microsystem ", Nature 414, 293-296, 2001 by Hagleitner, C. et al. Controlled multiple quantum coherences of nuclear spins in a nanometer-scale device in a nanoscale device of Goosan, Quot;), " 2005, Nature, Vol. 343, pp. 1001-1005]. The foregoing references are incorporated herein by reference. Another example of a sensor is described in The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, Volume 1, 2nd edition, edited by JD Bronzino in 2000 by CRC Press LLC, , VI-51-9, and U.S. Patent No. 6,802,811, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The sensor may be configured to measure various parameters including, but not limited to, electrical resistance of fluid, tissue or other material, density or sonic velocity of the material, hydrogen ion concentration, osmotic concentration, or refractive index of the fluid at at least one wavelength . The selection of a suitable sensor for a particular application or location of use is deemed to be within the ability of one of ordinary skill in the art. In some embodiments, the sensor may include some signal processing capability or preprocessing capability incorporated into the sensor.

The target condition detected by the sensor may include anatomic features (e.g., bifurcations) that indicate proximity to the treatment target or presence of the treatment target itself. The conditions of interest may include artificial structures such as some types of implantable devices that may potentially include another lumen-moving device. Alternatively, the conditions of interest can include one or more of electric field, magnetic field, temperature, flow condition, time, location, pressure, hydrogen ion concentration, presence or concentration of chemical compound or chemical species.

Sensors can sense a wide range of physical or chemical properties. In some embodiments, the detection of a condition of interest may include detecting the presence (or absence) of the material or structure of interest.

In some applications, detecting the subject's condition of interest within the body cavity may include detecting the presence of a material of interest in the fluid within the body cavity. The material of interest in the fluid may be a blood clot, a blood clot, an embolus, a plaque, a lipid, a kidney stones, a powder particle, a pollen particle, an aggregate, a cell, , Cell fragments, cellular components, platelets, cellular organelles, aggregates or aggregates of cells or cellular components, germ cells, pathogens, or parasites.

Lumped devices can be used in a number of different ways. In some embodiments, the lumen removable device may move through the lumen while performing a predetermined action at a selected location that is identified when the lumen removable device is moved through the body cavity. The device can be moved through the body cavity while performing "surveillance" for a period of time ranging from minutes to hours, days, weeks, or even years. Once the lumen removable device identifies a location of interest (e. G., A location where some kind of medical therapy is required), the lumen removable device can be used to deliver a therapeutic agent, e. G. Or a record of information about the location of interest. A lumen-moving device that performs monitoring within the body cavity can perform an "on the fly" operation when the lumen removable device moves past a location of interest, or it can perform a " You can stop or stop when moving around.

Sensors in combination with logic circuitry (hardware, firmware and / or software) can be used to detect localized conditions of a subject of interest within a wall of a body cavity or of a body cavity, or localized conditions of a subject of interest Conditions, or local conditions of interest in the fluid within the body cavity. The location of interest in the body cavity can be, for example, an anatomical location of interest (e.g., a divergence point), a location proximate to an organ, a longitudinal axis, a wound or the like, a diseased or damaged area (e.g., fistula or artery), a scar tissue area, Plaque, blood clot, or vasospasm. The location of interest may be detected by imaging and by other detection methods such as those known to those skilled in the art, by detection of chemical indicators or fingerprints, by altered mechanical, optical, thermal, electrical, . The luminally moving device may perform one or more operations using the actuation portion in response to detection of a location of interest. Tissue conditions may be detected using pressure pulses as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,170,488 and U.S. Patent Application Nos. 2003/0220556 and 2004/0225325, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.

In some embodiments, when the lumen removable device is moved through the body cavity, the lumen removable device may perform a predetermined operation either continuously or intermittently. The performance of the operation may not necessarily be associated with the detection of a region of interest inside the body cavity.

In some embodiments, the luminally moveable device may move through the body cavity until it reaches a certain position and then cease to move temporarily or substantially permanently to the particular position. In this particular position, the lumen removable device can perform operation on the local tissue forming the body cavity, or can be operated in a fluidic manner within the body cavity, which may or may not move or continuously move, either continuously or intermittently, Operation can be performed. The position at which the lumen removable device is stopped and remains may be selected in advance, in which case the luminal removable device may target the location. Alternatively, based on one or more characteristics of the location that can be sensed by the portable device, the location may be selected when the portable device is moved through the body cavity. Features of the location include, but are not limited to, an indication of the condition of the wound, the pathological condition, or the condition of the wound to be treated by the lumen removable device, or an anatomical Features (such as size, proximity to an organ or other structure, etc.) may be included. Features of a location of interest may include chemical, thermal, mechanical, optical, or other characteristics similar to those that may be sensed using various types of sensors as described elsewhere herein . The parameters may be measured at one point in time / space, or may be stored in a number of dimensions (spatial, temporal, or other dimension, e.g., frequency) to produce an image of the area that may include the feature of interest Lt; / RTI > To detect a feature / location of interest from a signal or an image, signal processing can be used to perform analysis of the signal or image.

In one application, a lumen removable device that moves within the male vagina can detect hydrogen ion concentration, flow, or viscosity, for example, of the semen, and can improve fertility based on the value of the parameter detected up and down, Can be performed to change the semen so that it is possible.

In some embodiments, the lumen removable device can be used to deliver the therapeutic agent to a location that is inaccessible by relatively other means. For example, a tubing-type device is a device that allows access to areas of the brain to deliver drugs, therapeutic agents, chemotherapeutic agents, chemical stimulants, mechanical stimulants, optical stimulants, electrical stimulants, It can move through the internal vasculature structure.

Figure 36 shows the steps of a method implemented using a luminally moving device. The steps of the method include the steps of propelling the lumen-moving device through the body cavity at step 2002, allowing fluid to pass at least intermittently through the body cavity at step 2004 and past the fluid contact of the lumen-moving device, at step 2006, Detecting a condition of interest using a sensor on the device, generating a response start signal using the response initiating circuit located at least partially on the tethered mobile device in response to detecting the condition of interest, at least in step 2008 And performing an operation using an operating portion of the lumen moving device in response to the response start signal at Step 2010.

Fig. 37 shows another modification of the method of Fig. The method of Figure 37 includes the steps of propelling a lumen-moving device through the body cavity at step 2052, allowing fluid to pass at least intermittently through the body cavity at step 2054 and past the fluid contact of the lumen-moving device, Detecting a condition of interest using a sensor on the mobile device, generating a response start signal using an answer initiation circuit located at least partially on the tethered mobile device in response to the detection of the condition of interest, at least in part, And performing an operation using the operating portion of the lumen moving device in response to the response start signal at Step 2060. [ Additionally, propelling the lumen-moving device through the body cavity may include propelling the lumen-moving device with sufficient force to push and open the closed body cavity as shown in step 2064. [ Detecting the conditions of interest may include detecting fluid flow as shown in step 2066, detecting fluid viscosity as shown in step 2068, or detecting fluid shear stress as shown in step 2070 .

Fig. 38 shows another modification of the method of Fig. The method of Figure 38 also includes the steps of propelling the lumen-moving device through the body cavity at step 2102, allowing fluid to pass at least intermittently through the body cavity at step 2104 and past the fluid contact of the lumen- Detecting a condition of interest using a sensor on the luminally moving device in response to the detection of the condition of interest, at least in part, in response to detecting the condition of interest in step 2108, And performing an operation using the operating portion of the lumen moving device in response to the response start signal at Step 2110. [ The method may also include performing an operation using an actuating portion of the lumen removable device in response to a response initiation signal while propelling the lumen removable device through the body cavity as shown in step 2114. [ Alternatively, the method may include stopping movement of the lumen removable device in the vicinity of the subject condition, as shown in step 2116, prior to performing the action using the actuating portion of the lumen removable device in response to the response initiating signal .

Figs. 39A and 39B show another modification of the method of Fig. The basic steps of the method of Figures 39A and 39B include the steps of propelling the lumen-moving device through the body cavity at step 2152, at least intermittently passing through the body cavity at step 2154 and allowing fluid flow past the fluid contact of the lumen- Detecting a condition of interest using a sensor on the lumen moving device in step 2156, using a response initiating circuit located at least partially on the lumen moving device in response to detecting the condition of interest, at least in part, in step 2158 And generating the response start signal, and performing an operation using the operation part of the portable moving type device in response to the response start signal in step 2160. Detecting the conditions of interest using sensors on the luminal removable device may include detecting the concentration of the chemical compound or chemical species (as in step 2164), detecting (as in step 2166) the optical parameter , Detecting acoustic parameters (in step 2168), detecting biomolecules with a biosensor (in step 2170), detecting electrical parameters (in step 2172), detecting magnetic parameters (in step 2174) Detecting the pressure in the body cavity (in step 2176), or detecting the temperature in the body cavity (in step 2178), or detecting the temperature in the body cavity (as in step 2178) Detecting the hydrogen ion concentration, detecting the anatomical feature (in step 2182), detecting the position (in step 2184), detecting the position (in step 2186) , Or detecting the time (at step 2188). If the artificial structure is detected, as in step 2186, the method described above may include transferring the material or structure to the artificial structure (in step 2190), receiving the material or structure from the artificial structure (in step 2192) And collecting the artificial structure (at step 2194). This may involve, for example, connecting the lumen-moving device to the artificial structure to push or pull the artificial structure, or it may be carried out by lifting the artificial structure to be carried inside the lumen- .

Figs. 40A to 40E generally show another modification of the method as shown in Fig. The method of Figures 40A-40E also includes the steps of propelling the lumen-moving device through the body cavity at step 2252, allowing fluid to pass at least intermittently through the body cavity at step 2254 and past the fluid contact of the lumen- , Detecting a condition of interest using a sensor on the luminal device in step 2256, using a response initiator circuit located at least partially on the luminal device in response to detecting the condition of interest, at least in part, in step 2258 Generating an acknowledgment signal, and performing an actuation using the actuating portion of the tubular movable device in response to the response initiation signal at step 2260. [ As shown in FIG. 40A, the step of operating with the actuating part (at step 2260) includes the step of transmitting a signal (at step 2264) to a remote location, or releasing material (at step 2266) And the material can be, for example, an adhesive, a filler, a hydrogel, an antibiotic, a chemical compound, a nutrient, a hormone, a growth factor, an agent, a therapeutic compound, an enzyme, a protein, a genetic material, Cell-signaling material, pro-apoptotic agent, anticancer drug (anti-apoptotic agent, anti-apoptotic agent, anti-apoptotic agent) an anti-apoptotic agent, an immunological mediator, an antiinflammatory drug, a salt, an ion, an antioxidant, an imaging agent, a labeling drug, a diagnostic compound, a nanomaterial, a reaction inhibitor, And the like). Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 40B, performing actuation using the actuating portion may include collecting material from the body cavity (as shown in step 2270), and collecting material from the body cavity Collecting the specimen from the fluid in the body cavity (as shown in step 2274) or collecting the specimen from the body wall area (as shown in step 2274). Alternatively, the method can include collecting the specimen from beyond the wall area of the body cavity, for example, by using a needle to penetrate the body cavity wall.

As shown in Fig. 40B, in some modifications of this method, the step of performing operation using the operating portion may include a step of performing heating or a step of performing cooling as shown in steps 2276 and 2282, respectively. Heating can be used at various locations for various purposes. In one example, the method may include propelling the lumen-moving device through the body cavity to a location near the preoptic area, wherein performing the actuation using the actuation portion comprises: And a step of performing heating in the vicinity of the entire coloration as well. In another example, heating can be used in the male reproductive system to destroy germ cells, as shown in step 2280. [ In another example (not shown), heating may be used for tissue removal. Additionally or alternatively, actuation using the actuating portion includes securing the lumen removable device to a position within the body cavity, as shown in step 2284, e.g., by utilizing a variety of positioning structures or a luminal wall engagement structure can do.

As shown in FIG. 40C, in some embodiments, performing operations using the actuation portion may include emitting electromagnetic radiation, as shown in step 2286. The operation may include emitting ultraviolet light, emitting infrared light, emitting light, emitting microwaves, or emitting millimeter wave electromagnetic waves, as shown in steps 2288, 2290, 2292, 2294 and 2296, respectively. And radiating the radiation. Alternatively, as shown in step 2298 of FIG. 40D, the step of operating using the actuating part may include releasing acoustic energy including, but not limited to, ultrasonic acoustic energy, as shown in step 2300. As shown in FIG. 40 (d), the step of performing operation using the operation part may include the step of applying pressure to the body cavity through expansion of the operation part or release of gas or fluid (step 2302). In another embodiment, performing the actuation using the actuation portion may include, for example, blocking the flow of fluid through at least a portion of the body cavity (Step 2306) to cause the flow direction of the fluid passing through at least a portion of the body cavity (Step 2308), or by modifying the size of the turbulent flow (step 2310), adjusting the flow of fluid through at least a portion of the body cavity as shown in step 2304 have. The step of changing the flow direction of the fluid may include directing the fluid toward a specific branch of the branching pipe and / or toward a specific region, for example, using various flow guide structures as disclosed herein. In addition, changing the flow direction of the fluid may include reversing the flow direction as a step that may be accomplished, for example, by changing the pressure inside the lumen as described herein.

As shown in Figure 40E, in some embodiments, performing actuation using the actuating portion in step 2260 includes removing at least partially a specific component from at least a portion of the fluid within the body cavity, as shown in step 2312, Or activating at least one catalyst as shown in step 2314. In yet another embodiment, actuation using the actuation may include generating an electric field as shown in step 2316, generating a magnetic field as shown in step 2318, or alternatively, as shown in steps 2320 and 2322 And rubbing or cutting at least a portion of the body cavity. Acting with the actuating portion may include releasing the artificial structure from the lumen removable device, as shown in step 2324, and in some embodiments removing the artificial structure from the body cavity wall as shown in step 2326 And adhering to the substrate. As shown in Fig. 40F, the step of performing the operation using the operating portion in Step 2260 includes the steps of transferring the material or structure to the receiving portion of the artificial device, as shown in Step 2328, The method comprising the steps of: Finally, the method includes transmitting power to the lumen removable device as shown in step 2332, passing a signal to the lumen removable device as shown in step 2334, removing the remote from the lumen removable device as shown in step 2336, Receiving a signal from a source, or receiving power from a remote source along with the lumen removable device, as shown in step 2338.

A luminally moving device as described herein may include control circuitry for controlling various aspects of the operation of the device. Liquid portable devices and systems as described herein may be operated under the control of control circuitry, which may include hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof.

41 is a block diagram illustrating in greater detail the various circuit components of a luminally moving system. As mentioned elsewhere herein, the circuit components can be located entirely on the structural elements of the lumen removable device, or can be distributed between the lumen removable device and the remote part. The lumen transfer system may include one or more sensors 2400 for measuring or detecting the conditions of interest. The sensing circuit 2402 may be associated with the sensor 2400. The luminally moving system may include various control circuits 2404, including response initiation circuit 2406. [ The response start circuit 2406 may provide a response start signal to the operation unit 2408. [ The control circuit 2404 may also include a data store 2412 that may be used to store pattern data 2414 or pattern variables 2416 to determine the operating pattern of the operating portion 2408, have. The data store 2412 may also store location information, e.g., current device location, or one or more target location or landmark locations, or a map of some or all of the patient's associated body cavity (s) . In some embodiments, the control circuit 2404 may include an operation control circuit 2418 for controlling the propulsion mechanism 2420 and optionally for controlling the steering mechanism 2422. The control circuitry may include a transceiver circuit 2424 for transmitting and receiving data signals and / or power signals between the luminally movable device and one or more remote components or external devices (e.g., monitoring or recording equipment). The user input 2426 may provide input of user instructions, parameters, etc. to control the circuit 2404. Finally, one or more power sources 2428 may provide power to the electrical components of the lumen transfer system. Some components of the portable device may be operated wholly or partially under software control, and control circuit 2404 may include hardware, software, firmware, or various combinations thereof. The luminally moving device may be primarily a hardware device and may include components that may be, for example, a sensor 2400, an actuation portion 2408, a propulsion mechanism 2420, a steering mechanism 2422, and optionally a user input device 2426 . Hardware-based devices may include electrical components, mechanical components, chemical components, optical components, electromechanical components, electrochemical components, components that are electro-optic components, and hardware- And the like. As described elsewhere, in some embodiments, portions of the control circuit, including, for example, the response initiating circuitry may be located within or on the structural element, while in other embodiments, As shown in FIG.

In many embodiments, the control circuit as shown in FIG. 41 may be implemented in the form of logic, for example, software or a digital logic circuit. Figure 42 illustrates a module of logic (which may be software or hardware) that may be used in the control of a portable mobile device as described herein. As shown in Figure 42, the logic 2500 for controlling a luminal removable device may be configured to process input from, for example, a sensor 2504 on a luminal removable device to generate a sense signal indicative of detection of a target condition within the body cavity of the organism Which is configured to receive a sensing signal from the sensing module 2502 and to cause an operation to be performed in the body cavity by the actuating portion 2508 of the lumen- A response initiation module 2506 based at least in part on a sensed signal to generate a signal, and a propulsion mechanism 2512 and a steering mechanism (not shown) on the lumen removable device to control the direction or rate of movement of the lumen removable device through the body cavity And an operation control module 2510 capable of controlling at least one of the display devices 2514 and 2514. The logic may be implemented in digital circuitry, analog circuitry, software, or a combination thereof. The motion control module 2510 may receive the sensing signal from the sensing module 2502 and may control at least one of the propulsion mechanism 2512 and the steering mechanism 2514 on the lumen removable device based at least in part on the sensing signal can do. 43, the motion control module 2510 is configured to control the motion of the propulsion mechanism 2512 and the steering mechanism 2512 on the lumen removable device based at least in part on the motion control signals from the remote control system 2520. In one variation, 2514). ≪ / RTI > Alternatively, the logic 2550 is similar to that shown in FIG. 42 and may be configured to process inputs from the sensor 2504 on the lumen removable device to generate a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity of the organism A sensing module 2502 generates a response start signal that is capable of receiving a sense signal from the sensing module 2502 and causing an action performed in the body cavity by the actuating portion 2508 of the lumen- And at least one of a propulsion mechanism 2512 and a steering mechanism 2514 on a lumen removable device to control the direction or speed of movement of the lumen removable device through the body cavity, And an operation control module 2510 capable of controlling one of them. In another related embodiment, the motion control module 2510 is based on an at least partially pre-programmed motion pattern, such as the motion pattern stored in the data storage position 2412, such as the data storage position 2412 in Figure 41 To control at least one of the propulsion mechanism 2512 and the steering mechanism 2514 on the lumen transfer device. In some embodiments, the sensing module 2502 may generate a sensing signal indicative of the presence or absence of a condition of interest, wherein the response initiation module 2506 is activated by the actuating portion 2508 of the lumen- A response start signal may be generated which is configured to cause the execution of the operation to be initiated within the system. Response initiation module 2506 may include control logic that utilizes a pre-programmed pattern that may be stored in a memory location (also similar to data storage location 2412 in Fig. 41) on a portable mobile device.

In some embodiments, the sensing module 2502 may generate a sensing signal indicative of the presence or absence of a condition of interest, and the response initiation module 2506 may perform an operation within the body cavity by the actuating portion of the lumen- To generate a response start signal that is configured to control the pre-programmed pattern in a pre-programmed pattern. In some embodiments, the sensing module may generate a sense signal indicative of a parameter value of the condition of interest, wherein the response initiation module is coupled to the actuating portion 2508 of the lumen removable device as a function of the parameter value of the condition of interest A response start signal configured to start performing an operation within the body cavity. In addition, the response initiation module 2506 may, in some embodiments, provide a response start signal configured to control operation by the actuation portion 2508 of the lumen removable device for a predetermined period of time to a function of the value of the parameter of interest condition As shown in FIG. In some embodiments, the sensing module 2502 may generate a time-varying sense signal that represents the time-varying value of the parameter of interest under consideration, wherein the response initiation module 2506 is operable to operate the lumen- The response start signal that is configured to control the portion 2508 may be generated as a function of the time-varying sense signal.

Figure 44 illustrates the steps of moving the self-propelling lumen-moving device through the body cavity in step 2602, at least intermittently allowing fluid to pass through the body cavity through the fluid contact of the self-propelling lumen device in step 2604, Detecting a therapeutic target based at least in part on the detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity using a sensor on the self-propelled luminal device, removing a response initiator circuit located at least partially on the self- Generating a response start signal at least in part in response to the detection of the condition of interest, and transferring the treatment to the treatment target using the actuating portion of the self-propelled tube removable device in response to the response initiation signal in step 2610 A pipe-moving device A view showing the method used.

45 is an enlarged view of the method of FIG. 44, wherein the method of FIG. 45 includes moving the self-propelled, lumen-moving device through the body cavity at step 2652, moving the fluid contact of the self- At least intermittently permitting fluid flow through the body cavity, detecting a therapeutic target based at least in part on the detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity with a sensor on the self-propelled tube portable device in step 2656, Generating a response start signal at least partially in response to detection of the condition of interest using an answering circuit located at least partially on the self-propelled luminal removable device, and in response to a response initiation signal in step 2660, Using the operating part of the mobile device, Transferring the self-propelling lumen-moving device through the body cavity and detecting the therapeutic target when the self-propelling lumen-moving device is substantially unable to move within the body cavity, And an additional step 2664 of delivering the treatment to the treatment target using the operating portion of the treatment device. Another step 2666 of the method may include resuming movement of the self-propelled lumen-moving device through the body cavity after delivering the therapeutic agent to the therapeutic target using the operating portion of the self-propelled lumen-removable device.

46 shows a further variant of the method of FIG. 44, wherein the method of FIG. 46 includes moving the self-propelled lumen-moving device through the body cavity at step 2702, passing fluid contact of the self-propelled lumen device at step 2704, At least in part, using a sensor on the self-propelled tube portable device at step 2706 to detect a therapeutic target based on the detection of a target condition of interest in the body cavity, at step 2708 Generating an answering start signal at least in part in response to the detection of the condition of interest using an answering circuit located at least partially on the self propelling lumen removable device, and in response to the answering start signal in step 2710, Using the operating part of the mobile device, Wherein the step of delivering the therapeutic agent to the therapeutic target can include transferring the therapeutic agent to the therapeutic target when the self-propelled, flowable device moves past the therapeutic target, as shown in step 2712 have.

In some embodiments of the method as illustrated in Figures 44-46, the method of using a luminal removable device may include transferring the treatment to a therapeutic target using an actuating portion of the luminal removable device, May be determined based at least in part on at least one sensed parameter for the therapeutic target. In yet another embodiment, the therapeutic agent can be determined at least in part by a therapeutic pattern stored in the lumen removable device.

The therapeutic target may, in some cases, comprise at least a portion of the body cavity wall or, in some cases, may be located beyond the body cavity wall, so that in response to an answering start signal, The step of delivering the therapeutic agent may include passing the therapeutic agent through the wall of the body cavity to the therapeutic target. In some cases, the treatment target may include at least a portion of the contents of the body cavity.

47, another method of using a lumen removable device is to insert a lumen removable device within the body cavity by inserting a catheter carrying the lumen removable device from the catheter into the body cavity at step 2752, Moving the self-propelled, luminal device through the body cavity at step 2754, at step 2756, at least intermittently permitting fluid flow through the body cavity and past the fluid contact of the self-propelled luminal device, Detecting a therapeutic target based at least in part on the detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity using a sensor on the self-propelled luminal device in step 2758; detecting a therapeutic target at least partially in response to the response Write down using the start circuit In part, can include the step, and the step of transporting the therapeutic agent to the treatment target by using parts of the operation of the lumen mobile device in response to the response start signal in step 2762, in response to detection of interest conditions generates a response start signal. The method of using the lumen removable device optionally includes the step of withdrawing the lumen removable device from the body cavity by inserting the catheter into the body cavity and withdrawing the catheter carrying the lumen removable device from the body cavity, can do.

In some embodiments of the method of using the lumen removable device as shown in Figs. 48A-C, the first lumen removable device 2802 and the second lumen removable device 2810 can be used. For example, in some embodiments of the method as outlined in Figure 44, the self-propelled lumen transfer device may be a second lumen transfer device 2810, And releasing the removable device 2810 to place the second lumen removable device within the body cavity. 48A, a first lumen-moving device 2802 is located in the body cavity 2800 near the divergence point 2804, where the body cavity 2800 branches into smaller branch body bodies 2806 and 2808. In Fig. The second lumen-moving device 2810 is carried by the first lumen-moving device 2802 and is attached by the holders 2812 and 2814. The first lumen-moving device 2802 is propelled through the body cavity 2800 (in this example, propelled using the lumen wall engaging structures 2816, 2818, 2820 and 2821). As shown in FIG. 48B, when the first lumen-moving device 2802 reaches the branch point 2804, the first lumen device can stop and release the second lumen device 2810. The second lumen moveable device 2810 is configured to allow the second lumen moveable device to move into a smaller body cavity than the first lumen moveable device, such as, for example, (2802). The second lumen-moving device 2810 may include luminal wall engaging structures 2822,2824,2826 and 2828 which are arranged below the branch lumen 2806 and through the first lumen removable device 2802 Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > second < / RTI > As illustrated in Figure 48C, the first lumen removable device may leave the diverging point 2804 after releasing the second lumen removable device 2810. [

The first lumen removable device 2802 and the second lumen removable device 2810 may be substantially similar in structure but different in size as shown in Figures 48A-C. In some embodiments of the method outlined in Figure 44, the self-propelled lumen removable device (as referred to in the method of Figure 44) may be a first lumen removable device as shown in Figure 48, And releasing the second lumen removable device from the first lumen removable device to install the second lumen removable device within the body cavity. As shown in Figure 48, the second lumen-moving device can be smaller than the first lumen-moving device.

Figure 49 illustrates the steps of moving the self-propelling, lumen-moving device through the body cavity at step 2902, at least intermittently allowing the flow of fluid through the body cavity past the fluid contact of the self-propelling lumen device at step 2910, Detecting a therapeutic target based at least in part on the detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity using a sensor on the self-propelled luminal device, determining a response initiator circuit located at least partially on the self-propelled luminal device in step 2914 Generating a response start signal at least in part in response to detection of the condition of interest, and transferring the treatment agent to the treatment target using the actuating portion of the self-propelled tube portable device in response to the response initiation signal, . ≪ / RTI > The method of FIG. 49 may also include moving the self-propelled, luminal device through the body cavity at least partially under the control of, for example, a remote control system of the type illustrated in FIG. 35, as shown in step 2904. For example, an operation control signal may be transmitted to the lumen-moving type device using a remote control system. The operation control signal may be generated using a remote control system. The signal receiver in the portable device can be used to receive an operation control signal from the remote control system. The method also includes transmitting a signal indicative of detection of the condition of interest to a location further away from the self-propelled lumen-moving device, or delivering a signal indicative of performance of the operation by the lumen removable device to a remote location can do.

Alternatively, as shown in step 2906 of FIG. 49, the method of using a luminal device may include controlling the movement of the luminal device passing through the body cavity using a steering control on the luminal device. It should be noted that in some embodiments, propulsion may be accomplished without steering. In some embodiments, the movement of the lumen-moving device through the body cavity can be controlled based at least in part on the sensed conditions of interest detected in the body cavity and is based, at least in part, on the use of logic circuitry included in the lumen- And / or can be controlled based on a movement pattern at least partially stored in the lumen removable device. In another variation, the lumen removable device may be moved through the body cavity in a substantially random pattern, or as a pattern corresponding to a random pattern, as shown in step 2908 of FIG.

In these and other embodiments of the methods disclosed herein, the step of detecting a condition of interest may include, but is not limited to, embolization, plaque, thrombosis, aneurysm, stenosis, puncture, perforation, rupture And detecting a diverse condition, including an incision, a tear, or a diverging point including at least two bifurcations within the body cavity. The term "condition ", as used herein, refers to a wound that may be present in the body cavity in accordance with normally occurring anatomical features, artificial structures or other heterogeneous structures, features or conditions, disease conditions, or accidental or intended purposes, Or may point to various detectable or measurable features or parameters indicative of the presence of features. In some embodiments, the method may include detecting a bifurcation in the body cavity that includes at least two branches of the body cavity, and the method may also include detecting a branching point in the body cavity, And steering the device.

To further illustrate the use of a lumen removable device as described herein, various additional examples of embodiments of a lumen removable device are now presented.

50A and 50B illustrate a lumen removable device 3000 moving through body cavity 3002. Fig. The portable device 3000 includes a sensor 3006, a response initiating circuit 3010 and an actuation part 3012. [ The portable device 3000 also includes an operation control circuit 3014. As shown in Figure 50A, the sensor 3006 detects the location of the object of interest, and in this case detects the material 3008 on the wall 3004 of the body cavity 3002. The material 3008 may be, for example, a plaque on the arterial wall. The sensor 3006 can be an optical sensor, an imaging device, or various other types of sensors, as known to those skilled in the art. When the material 3008 is detected, the actuating portion 3012 can be driven as shown in Fig. 50B. In this example, actuation portion 3012 performs removal of material 3008, e.g., actuation portion 3012 is an optical device that generates light to perform, for example, laser ablation of plaque Or may be an acoustic device for performing ultrasonic removal of the plaque.

Figures 51A and 51B illustrate a lumen removable device 3050 that moves through a body cavity 3052 that is contracted, for example, by vasospasm. The body cavity 3052 is formed by the body cavity wall 3054, and the body cavity wall is contracted at the time of vasospasticity 3056 to block the flow of the fluid through the body cavity. Lumen removable device 3050 includes a sensor 3058 that detects the presence of vasospasm by, for example, detecting a reduced flow of fluid through the body cavity. The lumen removable device 3050 also includes a material ejection structure 3060 that can be driven in response to detection of a vascular spasm 3056 to generate a vasoactive substance 3064 As well as alleviating vasospasm. The lumen removable device 3050 may also include a propulsion mechanism 3062 as well as other components not shown in Figures 51A and 51B, but as described elsewhere herein.

Figures 52A and 52B illustrate another example of a lumen removable device 3100 moving through body cavity 3102. [ Body cavity 3102 includes an aneurysm 3104 that can be detected by sensor 3106 on lumen removable device 3100. The sensed signal generated by the sensor 3106 drives the actuation portions 3110 and 3112 to engage the response initiating circuit 3108 with the walls 3114 of the body cavity 3102 to block the aneurysm flow 3104 Thereby allowing fluid to flow through the central lumen 3116 of the lumen-moving device 3100 rather than within the aneurysm 3104.

Figures 53A and 53B illustrate the treatment of fluids flowing through a lumen removable device 3150 positioned within body cavity 3152. The lumen removable device 3150 can, for example, move to a location of interest and then engage the lumen wall to be maintained at the location of interest and treat the fluid moving through the lumen wall. Alternatively, the lumen removable device 3150 may treat the fluid as it flows through the lumen 3152, including fluids flowing through the lumen removable device or fluid within the lumen removable device. Body cavity 3152 is formed by wall portion 3154. In Figure 53a, a fluid component 3164 flowing through body cavity 3152 is detected by sensor 3158 at structural element 3156 of luminally moveable device 3150. Upon detection of this component 3164 by the sensor 3158, the sense signal 3159 is transmitted to the response initiating circuit 3160 which generates the response start signal 3161. [ The response start signal 3161 is transmitted to the operation unit 3162. As shown in Figure 53B, upon receipt of the response start signal 3161, the actuating portion 3162 will react or operate, and in the present example, such a reaction or actuation will result in the component 3164 (after disassembly 3164 ' (E. G., Acoustic energy) for decomposing the electromagnetic waves. For example, pulses of acoustic energy can be used to change kidney stones in the urinary tract or to change another object in another body fluid.

With regard to detecting the presence of material, location, or other target condition (s) or body cavity contents within or adjacent to the body cavity, the operating portion of the lumen removable device or system may remove, change, or disassemble the material of interest , Or a location of interest. Alteration or degradation of the material of interest can be accomplished by releasing suitable material for tissue modification, such as in the removal of circulating tumor cells or plaque, or in a change in spermatozoa depending on temperature as the lumen removable device is passed through a catheter , Anticoagulants for the removal of blood clots, anti-inflammatory drugs, biomimetics or biological agents for releasing and adjuvanting inflammatory mediators such as TNFa, by releasing adjuvants that coat the parasites so that the immune system is aware of them (For example, electromagnetic energy such as light for causing acoustic energy to change the kidney stones, photoreaction, decomposition of intramolecular bonds, heating, vaporization, elimination, etc.) Or heating, cooling or other physicochemical changes (e.g., ambient pressure, hydrogen ion concentration, osmotic concentration, poison / RTI > material injection / generation) can be achieved.

In some embodiments of a luminally moving device or system, the luminally movable device may be a self-contained device that includes all the functions necessary for operation of the device. In another embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 28, FIG. 35, or FIG. 43, a lumen removable system includes a lumen removable device that can be positioned within a body cavity and a remote lumen that includes some of the functionality of a lumen removable system . In some embodiments, all functions essential for the operation of the lumen removable device may be located on the lumen removable device, but certain auxiliary functions may be located remotely. For example, the remote part may monitor the operation of the portable device or may collect or analyze data. The remote part may be located within the patient's body a predetermined distance away from the portable device, or may be located outside the patient's body as shown in FIG. The remote part may be located around the patient (e.g., held or worn on the patient's body, or placed on a table around the patient), or may be located remotely from the patient (e.g., another room or building, State or country). The data signals and / or power signals may be transmitted using electromagnetic or acoustic signals between the portable mobile device and the remote unit, or may be communicated over an electrical or optical connection in some embodiments. Various types of communication methods and apparatus and / or communication methods and apparatuses combining these types may be used as known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, the transfer of information between the portable device and the one or more remote units may be via a plurality of communication channels in serial or parallel. In general, the remote part may be located at a location that is more accessible than the body cavity or at a location that is more accessible than body cavity. It is also contemplated that a portion of the electrical circuitry (which may include hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof) of the passive system is located remotely.

Methods of distributing the functionality of the system between hardware, firmware, and software in more than one location are well known to those skilled in the art. The electrical circuitry of the passive system may include, but is not limited to, electrical circuitry associated with the sensor, response initiating circuitry, and electronics associated with the actuation. Although the response initiating circuit has been described in the context of an electrical circuit, in some embodiments other types of logic / circuitry may be used in place of or in addition to the electrical circuitry, and the response initiating circuitry and other circuitry It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to circuits. For example, fluidic circuits, mechanochemical circuits, and other types of logic / circuits may provide equivalent functionality and may be used in certain embodiments.

In some embodiments, the portable device may include an external steering system capable of transmitting a radio control signal to the structural element. In some embodiments, the lumen removable device may include a steering control within or on the structural element. The steering control in the structural element or the steering control on the structural element or the external steering system can be operated in various ways.

The luminal removable device may include an imaging diagnostic indicator or tag, and the remote part may include an external imaging system or may receive information from an external imaging system. The location of the lumen can be correlated with existing maps of the patient ' s body or may be used to construct a map for the patient ' s body. Movement of the lumen removable device may be controlled, at least in part, based on the position of the lumen removable device within the body of the patient. In some embodiments, the portable device may include a data storage location where a map of the patient's body may be stored. Conventional maps may be stored in a data storage location prior to introducing the luminal removable device into the body cavity of a patient. Alternatively, a map may be generated based on the information collected using the logic in the lumen-moving device or the remote system or as the lumen-moving device travels through the patient's body, so that the generated map is stored on the lumen- Location or other location. In some embodiments, rather than storing a map, the portable mobile device may store other location information or local information that may be used to control the path taken by the body through the body. It may be desirable in some embodiments to take into account some statistical distribution of the size or location of the tubing during movement of the tubular moving device, but it may not be necessary for the tubular moving device to move a specific path through the body, The size and position information for the past location can be stored and used in the selection of the path taken by the device.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the state of the art has advanced to the point where there is little distinction between hardware implementation of the aspects of the system and software implementation and that the use of hardware or software is usually a design choice that is balanced in cost versus efficiency , It is not always the case that the choice between hardware and software may be important). Those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are a variety of means (e.g., hardware, software, and / or firmware) for implementing the processes and / or systems and / or other techniques referred to herein and preferred means are processes and / or systems and / It will be appreciated that other techniques may vary depending on the situation. For example, if the practitioner considers speed and accuracy to be important, the practitioner can select primarily hardware and / or firmware means, or alternatively, if flexibility is important, the practitioner may chose mainly software implementation measures, Alternatively, the implementer may select any combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware. Accordingly, there are a variety of possible means by which the process and / or apparatus and / or other techniques referred to herein may be practiced, and any of the circumstances in which this means applies and any particular interest of the practitioner may vary and may be used None of the means described above is inherently superior to the other in that it is a choice that depends on such situations and concerns (e.g., speed, flexibility, or predictability). Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the optical aspects of the implementation generally employ optically-oriented hardware, software, and / or firmware.

In the foregoing detailed description, various embodiments of the apparatus and / or process have been described through block diagrams, flowcharts, and / or examples. As long as the block diagrams, flowcharts and / or examples include one or more functions and / or operations, those skilled in the art will appreciate that each function and / or operation in the block diagrams, flowcharts, or examples may be implemented in a wide variety of hardware, software, It will be understood that the invention may be practiced individually and / or collectively in any combination. In one embodiment, various portions of the subject matter referred to herein may be implemented via Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DPS) or other integrated formats . However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that some aspects of the embodiments described herein may be implemented, in whole or in part, on one or more computer programs (e.g., one or more programs running on one or more computer systems) May be equally embodied in an integrated circuit as one or more programs to be executed (e.g., one or more programs running on one or more microprocessors), as firmware, or in any substantial combination thereof, and / Or writing code for the software and / or firmware is within the ability of one of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the subject matter described herein may be distributed as various types of program products and exemplary embodiments of the subject matter described herein may be embodied in a signal- bearing medium of the present invention. Examples of signal bearing media include, but are not limited to, a recordable type of media such as, but not limited to, a floppy disk, a hard disk drive, a compact disk (CD), a digital video disk (DVD), a digital tape, Or transmissive media (e.g., fiber optic cables, waveguides, wireline communications links, wireless communications links, etc.), such as analog communications media.

In general terms, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various embodiments discussed herein may be implemented with a wide variety of electrical components, such as hardware, software, firmware, or any substantial combination thereof, and any combination of a rigid body, spring or torsional body, , And electromagnetically driven devices, or any substantially any combination thereof, that can be implemented individually or collectively by various types of electromechanical systems having a wide variety of components that can impart mechanical force or motion I will understand the point. As a result, the term "electromechanical system" as used herein includes, but is not limited to, an electrical circuit operably connected to a transducer (e.g., an actuator, a motor, a piezoelectric crystal, An electrical circuit comprising at least one integrated circuit, an electrical circuit comprising at least one application specific integrated circuit, an electrical circuit forming a general purpose computing device constituted by a computer program (e.g., And / or a microprocessor configured by a computer program at least partially performing a process and / or a device as referred to herein), and / An electrical circuit forming a memory device [ (E.g., a form of random access memory (RAM)), an electrical circuit (e.g., a modem, a communications switch, or an optoelectronic device) that forms a communication device, and any other analog device Electric analog devices. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the electromechanical device as used herein is not necessarily limited to a system with both an electric drive and a mechanical drive, except where the content can be otherwise determined. Non-electrical analog devices of electrical circuits may include fluid circuits, electromechanical circuits, mechanical circuits, and various combinations thereof.

In general terms, those skilled in the art will recognize that the various aspects, which may be implemented individually or collectively by a wide variety of hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof, and which are referred to herein, You will understand that you can see. As a result, "electrical circuit" as used herein includes, but is not limited to, an electrical circuit having at least one discrete electrical circuit, an electrical circuit having at least one integrated circuit, An electrical circuit, an electrical circuit forming a general purpose computing device constituted by a computer program (e.g., a general purpose computer configured at least partially by a computer program that performs the process and / or a device described herein, (E. G., In the form of a RAM) that forms a storage device, and / or an electrical circuit (e. G., A microprocessor and / , A modem, a communications switch, or optoelectronic equipment). Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the objects described herein may be implemented in an analog manner or in a digital manner, or in any combination thereof.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the components (e.g., steps), devices, or objects described herein and their associated descriptions are used as examples for conceptual clarity and that various structural changes are within the skill of the art . As a result, as used herein, the specific examples described above and the description therefor are intended to express a more general class. In general, the use of any particular illustration herein is also intended to represent the corresponding category, and is not intended to be limiting, as it will not include such specific elements (e.g., steps), devices, and objects herein Should be avoided.

As used herein in connection with the use of substantially any plural and / or singular forms, those skilled in the art will recognize that the singular and / or the plural may be construed in a plural number as appropriate for the context and / or usage. Various singular / plural combinations have not been explicitly set forth herein for clarity.

The objects described herein are illustrative of various components that are sometimes associated with different components that are accommodated in different components, or different components. It should be understood that such depicted arrangements are merely exemplary and that many other arrangements may be practiced which, in effect, implement the same function. From a conceptual standpoint, any arrangement of components that implement the same functionality effectively "associates" Thus, any two components of the present disclosure that are combined to achieve a particular function may be seen as being "related" to each other, thereby achieving the desired functionality regardless of configuration or intermediate components. Likewise, any two components so associated may also be seen as "operably linked" or "operably interlocked" with one another to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components The elements may also be viewed as " operably interlocked "with one another to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operably interoperable components include, but are not limited to, components that can be physically paired and / or physically interact, and / or components that can interact wirelessly and / And / or components that logically interact / interact or logically interact.

While particular embodiments of the subject matter described herein have been illustrated and described, changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter described herein, based on the teachings herein, It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit and scope of the objects described herein. It is also to be understood that the invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms used in this specification and particularly in the claims (e.g., the text of the appended claims) should be interpreted generally in the broader sense of the term (e.g., the term "comprising" Should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," and the term "comprising" should be interpreted as "having at least" and the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to" . It is also to be understood by those skilled in the art that the intent is intended to be expressly set forth in the following claims and that such intent is not intended in the absence of such statement. For purposes of clarity, for example, the appended claims may include the use of "at least one" and "one or more" introductory phrases for the description of the claims as introduced. However, in using such phrases, the use of singular nouns in claims is not intended to be limiting, even when the same claim includes the phrase "at least one" or "at least one" and singular nouns, Should not be construed to limit the invention to any particular claim, including, but not limited to, only one such claim (e.g., the singular noun shall include a description of "one or more" or "at least one" The same shall apply to the use of "above" to be used when introducing the claim statement. In addition, even when explicitly quoting the description of a particular number of introduced claims, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that such quotation is usually to be construed as referring to at least a quoted number (unless otherwise indicated, " Quot; as used herein usually refers to at least two bases or two or more bases). Also, in the case of using phrases similar to "at least one of A, B, and C ", such phrases are generally intended to be understood by those skilled in the art from the above phrases A system having at least one but not limited to a system having only A, a system having only B, a system having only C, a system having A and B together, a system having A and C together System, a system having B and C together, and / or a system having A, B, and C together). In general, such phrases are intended to be understood by those skilled in the art in view of the phrase (e.g., "at least one of A, B, or C, " A system having only A, a system having only C, a system having A and B together, a system having A and C together, A system including B and C together, and / or a system having A, B, and C together). It will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any practically any indirect word and / or phrase that represents more than one alternative term in the detailed description, claims, or figures may refer to one of the terms, any of the terms, It should be understood that the possibility of including all is considered. For example, "A or B" should be understood to include the possibility of "A", or "B", or "A and B".

While various aspects and embodiments have been described herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for the purpose of illustration and not of limitation, the true spirit and scope being expressed by the following claims.

Claims (29)

However,
A fluid contact configured to be in fluid contact with the interior of the body cavity and configured to permit fluid flow therethrough intermittently or continuously,
A propulsion mechanism capable of causing the lumen-moving device to move through a body cavity in which the lumen removable device is disposed,
An operation control circuit carried by said luminally moving device, partially or wholly, and configured to control said propulsion mechanism to control movement of said luminally moving device through the body cavity,
A sensor capable of detecting a condition of interest in the body cavity and generating a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest,
A response start circuit operably connected to the sensor and configured to generate a response start signal upon receipt of a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity,
An actuation unit operably connected to the response initiation circuit and responsive to receipt of a response initiation signal,
Wherein the operation unit comprises:
A transmitter operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to transmit a detection signal to a remote location in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A material emitting structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to emit material in response to receiving the response initiating signal,
An apparatus emission structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to emit the apparatus in response to receipt of a response initiating signal,
A transfer structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to transfer material or structure to the receiving device in response to receipt of a response initiating signal,
A storage structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to receive material or structure from the transfer device in response to receipt of a response initiating signal,
A collection structure operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to capture material or structure from the body cavity in response to receiving the response initiation signal,
An attachment structure operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to attach to a structure present in the body cavity in response to receiving the response initiation signal,
A heating element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to effect heating in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A cooling element operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to perform cooling responsive to receipt of a response start signal,
A piezoelectric element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to emit acoustic energy responsive to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A positioning element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to secure the lumen removable device at a predetermined location in the body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
An electromagnetic radiation source operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to emit electromagnetic radiation in response to receiving the response start signal,
An acoustic energy source operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to emit acoustic energy responsive to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A pressure source operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to apply pressure to body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A flow regulating element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to regulate the flow of fluid through a portion or the entire body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A separator operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to selectively remove a particular component from the fluid in response to receiving the response initiation signal,
Sampling collector,
A catalyst portion operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to expose or activate the catalyst in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
An electric field source operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to apply an electric field in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A magnetic field source operably connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to apply a magnetic field in response to receiving the response start signal,
Cutting tools,
Rubbing tools,
A suturing tool, or
Cauterizing tool
Wherein the at least one of the at least two of the plurality of devices is at least one of the at least two of the at least two devices. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the motion control circuit is operatively connected to the sensor and is configured to control the propulsion mechanism in response to receiving a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity. delete The apparatus according to claim 1,
A flow conditioning element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit,
Guiding the flow,
Changing the size of the turbulence in the flow, or
Changing the speed of flow
The flow regulating element being configured to regulate the flow of fluid passing through a portion or all of the body cavity in response to receipt of the response initiation signal,
Wherein the device comprises: 5. The apparatus of claim 4,
valve,
Louver, or
Flow Elements
Wherein the device comprises: The lumen-like device of claim 1, comprising an imaging device operably connected to the lumen-removable device. 2. The device of claim 1,
blood vessel,
Part of the respiratory tract,
CSF space of the nervous system,
Part of the urinary tract,
Ureter,
Part of the lymph system,
Part of the abdominal cavity,
Part of the thoracic cavity,
Part of the digestive tract,
Some of the reproductive tract,
The fallopian tube lumen, or
Male reproductive tract
Wherein the at least one lumen is configured to fit within at least one of the at least two lumens. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the luminally moveable device comprises a structural element supporting at least one of a propulsion mechanism, an operation control circuit, a sensor, a response initiation circuit, and an actuation portion. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the structural element is adjustable in diameter. 9. The system of claim 8,
Tubular structure,
A plurality of lumens in fluid communication with the body cavity,
The capsule-
Self-expanding material,
Elastic material,
Mesh-like materials,
A slot formed structure,
Bioactive components, or
Biocompatible material
Wherein the at least one of the at least two of the plurality of devices is at least one of the at least two of the at least two devices. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the propulsion mechanism is configured to cause rotational movement of the luminal wall engagement structure, or to cause movement of the luminal removable device along a wire, catheter, cannula, or tube within the body cavity Portable device. 5. The lumen transfer device of claim 1, comprising a power source configured to provide power to at least one of a propulsion mechanism, an operation control circuit, a sensor, a response initiating circuit, and an actuation. 13. The power transmission apparatus according to claim 12,
Battery or micro battery,
Fuel cells,
Biofuel cells,
Nuclear Battery,
An energy scavenging device,
Pressure-rectifying mechanism,
Acceleration-rectifying mechanism,
Flow-rectifying mechanisms,
A power source located remotely from the lumen removable device and connected by a wire to the lumen removable device,
An optical power source located remote from the lumen removable device and connected to the lumen removable device by an optical fiber,
A power transmitter capable of transmitting power from the lumen-moving type device to a second position,
A power receiver capable of receiving power from a distant power source,
A power receiver capable of receiving acoustic energy from a remote power source, or
A power receiver capable of receiving electromagnetic energy from a distant power source
Wherein the at least one of the at least two of the plurality of devices is at least one of the at least two of the at least two devices. The device of claim 1, wherein the luminally moveable device comprises a steering mechanism capable of changing the direction of movement of the luminally moving device, the motion control circuitry being configured to control the steering mechanism to control movement of the lumen removable device through the body cavity Of the lumen. 2. The lumen transfer type apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a label or tag. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the indicia or tag further comprises an imaging diagnostic marker or tag detectable by a remote imaging system to indicate the location of the lumen removable device within the patient ' s body, Wherein the tag comprises at least one of a tag or tag that is detectable by a sensing structure. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein some or all of at least one of the motion control circuit and the response initiating circuit is located remotely from the tethered device, the tethered device being configured to receive a wireless control signal from a remote part of the motion control circuit Circuit. ≪ / RTI > 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the motion control circuit and the response initiation circuit are located in or on the lumen-moving device. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the motion control circuit is operatively connected to the sensor and is operable to control movement of the lumen removable device in response to receipt of a sensing signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity. Wherein the at least one valve is configured to control one or more valves. Pipe wall engaging portion,
A fluid contact configured to be in fluid contact with the fluid within the body cavity and configured to permit fluid flow through the body fluid intermittently or continuously,
A propulsion mechanism capable of moving the lumen-moving device through a body cavity in which the lumen-
One or more sensors capable of detecting a condition of interest in the body cavity and generating a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest,
An operation control circuit configured to control the propulsion mechanism based, in part or in whole, on said sensing signal,
A response start circuit operably connected to the sensor and configured to generate a response start signal upon receipt of a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity,
An actuation unit operably connected to the response start circuit and responsive to receiving the response start signal;
Wherein the operation unit comprises:
A transmitter operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to transmit a detection signal to a remote location in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A material emitting structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to emit material in response to receiving the response initiating signal,
An apparatus emission structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to emit the apparatus in response to receipt of a response initiating signal,
A transfer structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to transfer material or structure to the receiving device in response to receipt of a response initiating signal,
A storage structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to receive material or structure from the transfer device in response to receipt of a response initiating signal,
A collection structure operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to capture material or structure from the body cavity in response to receiving the response initiation signal,
An attachment structure operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to attach to a structure present in the body cavity in response to receiving the response initiation signal,
A heating element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to effect heating in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A cooling element operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to perform cooling responsive to receipt of a response start signal,
A piezoelectric element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to emit acoustic energy responsive to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A positioning element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to secure the lumen removable device at a predetermined location in the body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
An electromagnetic radiation source operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to emit electromagnetic radiation in response to receiving the response start signal,
An acoustic energy source operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to emit acoustic energy responsive to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A pressure source operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to apply pressure to body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A flow regulating element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to regulate the flow of fluid through a portion or the entire body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A separator operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to selectively remove a particular component from the fluid in response to receiving the response initiation signal,
Sampling collector,
A catalyst portion operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to expose or activate the catalyst in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
An electric field source operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to apply an electric field in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A magnetic field source operably connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to apply a magnetic field in response to receiving the response start signal,
Cutting tools,
Rubbing tools,
A suturing tool, or
Cauterizing tool
Wherein the at least one of the at least two of the plurality of devices is at least one of the at least two of the at least two devices. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the condition of interest includes anatomical features. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the condition of interest comprises an artificial structure. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the artificial structure comprises an implantable device, or a lumen removable device. 21. The method of claim 20,
The presence or concentration of a chemical compound or chemical species, or the presence or absence of a chemical compound or chemical species,
Wherein the at least one of the at least two of the plurality of devices is at least one of the at least two of the at least two devices. 21. The apparatus of claim 20,
Pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow sensors, viscosity sensors, shear stress sensors, chemical sensors, pH sensors, optical sensors, imaging devices, acoustic sensors, biosensors, A magnetic sensor, or a clock or timer
Wherein the at least one of the at least two of the plurality of devices is at least one of the at least two of the at least two devices. A structural element sized to fit within the body cavity,
Two or more lumen wall engaging structures operable to engage and disengage the body wall alternately,
A propulsion mechanism for engaging and dropping with the body cavity wall to move the two or more lumen wall engagement structures relative to each other and to retract to move the lumen-
An operation control circuit carried by the lumen-moving device, partially or wholly, and configured to control the propulsion mechanism to control movement of the lumen-like device through the body cavity,
A sensor capable of detecting a condition of interest in the body cavity and generating a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest,
A response start circuit operably connected to the sensor and configured to generate a response start signal upon receipt of a sense signal indicative of detection of a condition of interest in the body cavity,
An actuating part carried by the structural element, operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and responsive to receiving a response start signal,
Wherein the operation unit comprises:
A transmitter operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to transmit a detection signal to a remote location in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A material emitting structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to emit material in response to receiving the response initiating signal,
An apparatus emission structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to emit the apparatus in response to receipt of a response initiating signal,
A transfer structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to transfer material or structure to the receiving device in response to receipt of a response initiating signal,
A storage structure operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to receive material or structure from the transfer device in response to receipt of a response initiating signal,
A collection structure operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to capture material or structure from the body cavity in response to receiving the response initiation signal,
An attachment structure operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to attach to a structure present in the body cavity in response to receiving the response initiation signal,
A heating element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to effect heating in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A cooling element operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to perform cooling responsive to receipt of a response start signal,
A piezoelectric element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to emit acoustic energy responsive to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A positioning element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to secure the lumen removable device at a predetermined location in the body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
An electromagnetic radiation source operatively connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to emit electromagnetic radiation in response to receiving the response start signal,
An acoustic energy source operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to emit acoustic energy responsive to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A pressure source operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to apply pressure to body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A flow regulating element operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to regulate the flow of fluid through a portion or the entire body cavity in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A separator operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to selectively remove a particular component from the fluid in response to receiving the response initiation signal,
Sampling collector,
A catalyst portion operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to expose or activate the catalyst in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
An electric field source operatively connected to the response initiation circuit and configured to apply an electric field in response to receipt of a response initiation signal,
A magnetic field source operably connected to the response initiating circuit and configured to apply a magnetic field in response to receiving the response start signal,
Cutting tools,
Rubbing tools,
A suturing tool, or
Cauterizing tool
Wherein the at least one of the at least two of the plurality of devices is at least one of the at least two of the at least two devices. 27. The method of claim 26, further comprising: alternately engaging and disengaging the body cavity wall to effect an inch-worm motion on the body cavity wall, wherein the two or more tube wall engaging structures are relatively And a propelling mechanism capable of extending and retracting the lumen. 27. The method of claim 26, further comprising: alternately engaging and disengaging the body cavity wall to effect a peristaltic movement on the body cavity wall with the at least two lumen wall engaging structures relative to each other And a propelling mechanism capable of extending and retracting the lumen. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the at least two lumen wall engagement structures comprise an inflatable structure comprising at least one of a suction mechanism or an expandable material, a shape-deforming material, or an inflatable material Lt; / RTI >

Images