KR101539707B1 - Device for measuring voltage standing wave ratio of electrically scanned tacan antenna and method for measuring voltage standing wave ratio using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) measuring apparatus for an electronic scanning TACAN antenna and a voltage standing wave ratio measuring method using the same. In particular, an apparatus for measuring the voltage standing wave ratio of an electronic scan TACAN antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an incident wave incident on a monopole antenna of a TACNA antenna radiating an RF signal in all directions; Coupler to extract; A band pass filter for passing a signal having a frequency within a frequency range of use of the TACAN antenna among the signals extracted through the coupler; A sensing unit for sensing a predetermined period of a signal passing through the band pass filter and outputting a first voltage value corresponding to the power of the incident wave and outputting a second voltage value corresponding to the power of the reflected wave; And a calculation for calculating at least one of a return loss value, a voltage reflection coefficient, and the voltage standing wave ratio using the first dBm value of the first voltage value and the second dBm value of the second voltage value .

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the VSWR of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna and a voltage standing wave ratio measuring method using the VSWR.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) measuring apparatus for an electronic scanning TACAN antenna and a voltage standing wave ratio measuring method using the same.

Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) Antenna system refers to special equipment that accurately and safely guides an aircraft to a desired point by providing azimuth information and distance information to the aircraft.

A fixed or mobile TACAN antenna may be located at a ground station, airport or a specific location with a transponder / beacon and may receive a question signal within a certain frequency band of use from an aircraft. The TACAN antenna receiving the interrogation signal emits a specific signal, and the aircraft can receive it and calculate azimuthal information (0 to 360 degrees) relative to the ground station and distance information to the ground station.

1 is a view for explaining a conventional mechanical scan TACAN antenna.

The conventional mechanical scan TACAN antenna shown in FIG. 1 is manufactured by a foreign company called 'dB System' and has an outer shape such that an openable and closable radome 1 covers a lower base 2. The radome 1 is removed A circular structure 3 to which a parasitic radiator is attached and is rotatable is disposed. The circular implement (3) is connected to a 900 rpm DC motor and produces an amplitude-modulated radiation pattern while rotating.

However, since the mechanical scan TACAN antenna uses a DC motor, it is necessary to periodically change the motor, and it is inconvenient to separate the related parts from the motor at the time of replacement, and vibration and noise may occur.

Meanwhile, when determining the characteristics of the TACAN antenna, the user can refer to the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the corresponding antenna as a main parameter as in the general microwave system and antenna field.

In the case of the above-mentioned mechanical scan TACAN antenna, there is a failure detection function for the motor rotation but there is no function for measuring the voltage standing wave ratio, which is inconvenient.

If the voltage standing wave ratio of the TACAN antenna or the monopole antenna to be described later is deteriorated, the amount of the signal radiated by amplitude modulation may be reduced. This can lead to reduced coverage or coverage, and can lead to flight safety problems and departure problems.

Therefore, there is a need for a technique of measuring the voltage standing wave ratio so that the user can check the voltage standing wave ratio of the TACAN antenna at any time and take measures.

On the other hand, Korean Patent No. 10-1066904 (entitled: Improved emergency beacon) discloses a technique for measuring a voltage standing wave ratio of a transmission line in an emergency beacon for a rotating-wing aircraft.

It is an object of some embodiments of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for accurately measuring the voltage standing wave ratio of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for measuring a voltage standing wave ratio by sensing an optimal sampling period within a signal detected by an electronic scan TACAN antenna.

It should be understood, however, that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described technical problems, and other technical problems may exist.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for measuring the voltage standing wave ratio of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna, the apparatus comprising: A coupler for extracting a wave and a reflected wave reflected from the monopole antenna; A band pass filter for passing a signal having a frequency within a frequency range of use of the TACAN antenna among the signals extracted through the coupler; A sensing unit for sensing a predetermined period of a signal passing through the band pass filter and outputting a first voltage value corresponding to the power of the incident wave and outputting a second voltage value corresponding to the power of the reflected wave; And a calculation for calculating at least one of a return loss value, a voltage reflection coefficient, and the voltage standing wave ratio using the first dBm value of the first voltage value and the second dBm value of the second voltage value .

The voltage standing wave ratio measuring method using a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) measuring apparatus of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: Extracting a wave and a reflected wave reflected from the monopole antenna; Passing a signal having a frequency within a used frequency range of the TACAN antenna among the extracted signals; Detecting a predetermined section of a signal having a frequency within the use frequency range, outputting a first voltage value corresponding to the power of the incident wave, and outputting a second voltage value corresponding to the power of the reflected wave; And calculating at least one of a return loss value, a voltage reflection coefficient, and a voltage standing wave ratio using a first dBm value of the first voltage value and a second dBm value of the second voltage value .

Using the voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage standing wave ratio of the electronic scanning TACAN antenna can be accurately measured, and the user can confirm the measured voltage standing wave ratio at any time if necessary.

In addition, the user can confirm the measured voltage standing wave ratio and perform the maintenance and repair work of the TACAN antenna immediately when the voltage standing wave ratio of the TACAN antenna becomes poor. Through this, a serious problem Can be prevented in advance.

1 is a view for explaining a conventional mechanical scan TACAN antenna,
2 is a view for explaining an electronic scan TACAN antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention,
3 is a view for explaining a configuration of a voltage standing wave ratio measuring device of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a magnetic north reference signal section, an auxiliary reference signal section, an identification signal section, and a replicator section;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a pair of Gaussian pulses of the magnetic north reference signal period shown in FIG. 4,
6 is a diagram illustrating an example for explaining a bubble sorting algorithm,
7 is a diagram showing a calculation result according to an example displayed on a user screen,
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration according to an example when the voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is actually implemented;
FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the arrangement and operation of a plurality of parasitic radiators constituting the electronic scan TACAN antenna shown in FIG. 1 according to an example;
FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the arrangement and operation of a plurality of parasitic radiators constituting the electronic scan TACAN antenna shown in FIG. 1 according to another example;
FIG. 11 is a view for explaining the arrangement and operation of a plurality of parasitic radiators constituting the electronic scan TACAN antenna shown in FIG. 1 according to yet another example;
FIG. 12 is a view for explaining the overall internal configuration of the electronic scan TACAN antenna shown in FIG. 1 and the flow of a simplified signal;
13 is a flowchart illustrating each step of a voltage standing wave ratio measuring method using a voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by like reference characters throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" to another part, it includes not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" with another part in between . Also, when an element is referred to as "comprising ", it means that it can include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

Throughout this specification, when a member is " on " another member, it includes not only when the member is in contact with the other member, but also when there is another member between the two members.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the spirit of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and that other embodiments can be easily invented by adding, changing, deleting, adding, or the like components within the scope of the same concept of understanding the spirit of the present invention But it will also be included within the scope of the present invention.

<Electronic scan TACAN  The voltage of the antenna Standing wave ratio  Measuring devices>

Before describing the voltage standing wave ratio measuring device of the electronic scanning TACAN antenna proposed in the present invention, an electronic scanning TACAN antenna will be briefly described with reference to FIG.

2 is a view for explaining an electronic scan TACAN antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The electronic scan TACAN antenna 10 is disposed in the vicinity of an omni-directional radiation pattern radiated from a main monopole antenna 16 extending in the vertical axis direction of the reflector 11 at the center of the reflection plate 11 The parasitic radiators 17 and 17 'located in the vicinity of the antenna 17 are electronically rotated to generate a radiation pattern that is amplitude-modulated in the periphery.

When the amplitude modulated signal is radiated on a synchronized magnetic north reference signal and an auxiliary reference signal, the aircraft can receive it and calculate the azimuth information.

For reference, the frequency range of use of TACAN antenna is 962MHz ~ 1213MHz and it is wide band. Also, according to MIL-STD-291C standard, the specification of 15Hz or 135Hz amplitude modulation should satisfy 21% ± 9, and the azimuth error should be within ± 1. If the TACAN antenna is used in a state satisfying these conditions, the aircraft can be accurately and safely guided to a position intended by the user, so that it is easy to consider the above conditions in connection with the description to be described later and the field to which the present invention belongs .

Specifically, the electronic scan TACAN antenna 10 includes a plurality of parasitic radiators 17 and 17 'which can be easily coupled or separated on the reflector 11 by the reflector 11, the connector 18, ), And a monopole antenna (16). A lower member 13 for supporting the reflection plate 11; a horizontal adjustment unit 14 for contributing to the horizontal adjustment of the electronic scanning TACAN antenna below the lower member 13; And a waterproof gasket 15 along the rim of the reflector 11 are shown.

In addition, the parasitic radiators 17 and 17 'may be disposed at predetermined distances from each other in a circle on the donut-shaped first region and the second region having the positions of the monopole antennas 16 concentrically. At this time, the second region is farther from the monopole antenna 16 than the first region. In some cases, the parasitic radiators 17 may be arranged in two rows on the first region and the parasitic radiators 17 'may be arranged in three rows on the second region.

A voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus 100 to be described later may be disposed in connection with the lower member 13 or the horizontal adjusting unit 14 or may be disposed in the lower member 13 in a part or whole of the voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus 100 Configuration can be accommodated.

A detailed description of the detailed operation of each constitution of the electronic scan TACAN antenna 10 and the electronic rotation of the parasitic radiators 17 and 17 'made by control signals generated at predetermined timings will be described later .

3 is a view for explaining a configuration of a voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The apparatus 100 for measuring the VSWR of an electronic scan TACAN antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a coupler 110, a bandpass filter 120, a sensing unit 130, a calculator 140, A switch 150, a single pole double through (SPDT) switch 160, and a display unit 170.

The coupler 110 extracts the incident wave A incident on the monopole antenna 16 of the TACNA antenna 10 and the reflected wave B reflected from the monopole antenna 16 that radiate RF signals in all directions .

The band pass filter 120 passes a signal having a frequency within the frequency range of use of the TACAN antenna 10 among the signals extracted through the coupler 110 described above.

At this time, the frequency range of use of the TACAN antenna 10 is preferably 962 MHz to 1213 MHz.

The sensing unit 130 senses a predetermined section of the signal that has passed through the bandpass filter 120, outputs a first voltage value corresponding to the power of the incident wave, and outputs a second voltage value corresponding to the power of the reflected wave do.

The sensing unit 130 may sense a predetermined period of a signal passing through the band-pass filter 120 for sampling. The signal and a plurality of intervals included in the signal may be described with reference to FIG.

4 is a diagram for explaining a magnetic north reference signal section, an auxiliary reference signal section, an identification signal section, and a replicator section.

In the case of an electronic scan TACAN antenna, an RF signal generated in a transponder (not shown) is radiated through the monopole antenna 16.

At this time, the RF signal is divided into a North Reference Burst (NRB) section, an Auxiliary Reference Burst (ARB) section, an Identification (ID) signal section, and a Reply- . &Lt; / RTI &gt;

Specifically, each section of the RF signal is composed of a plurality of Gaussian pulse pairs, and the transponder can transmit an RF signal including an identification signal section or an RF signal including an identification signal section to the monopole antenna 16.

More specifically, the RF signal that does not include the identification signal section is composed of 3600 PPS (Pulse-Per Second), and is divided into a magnetic pole signal of 720PPPS (120 / sec * 6 Pulse pair), and a replica squeler interval of 2700 PPPS (2700 / sec * 1 pulse pair).

In this case, the magnetic north reference signal section may appear every 1/15 second in the RF signal generated by the transponder, the auxiliary reference signal may appear every 1/135 second within the RF signal, Can appear randomly.

The RF signal including the identification signal section is 3300PPPS in total. The RF signal including the identification signal section is divided into a sub-reference signal section of 180 PPPS (15 / sec * 12 pulse pairs), an auxiliary reference signal section of 720 PPs (120 / sec * 6 pulse pairs) , And 2430 PPPS (1215 / sec * 2 pulse pairs).

At this time, the magnetic north reference signal section may appear in the RF signal every 1/15 second, and the auxiliary reference signal may appear every 1/135 second within the RF signal, and the identification signal section may appear every 1/350 second within the RF signal have.

Therefore, a part of the incident wave A and the part of the reflected wave B, which are the signals 221 extracted by the coupler 110 and passed through the band pass filter 120, An auxiliary reference signal section 223 composed of six Gaussian pulse pairs generated every 1/135 seconds, an identification (ID) consisting of two Gaussian pulse pairs generated every 1/1350 second, A signal section 224, and a replica generator section 225 consisting of one randomly generated pair of Gaussian pulses.

For reference, the portions 222a and 222b of the signal 221 passing through the band-pass filter 120 in FIG. 4 represent the magnetic-pole reference signal section, and the portions 223a to 223d represent the auxiliary reference signal section.

5 is a diagram showing Gaussian pulse pairs of the magnetic north reference signal period shown in FIG. As mentioned above, in case of TACAN antenna, the specification of 15Hz or 135Hz amplitude modulation according to MIL-STD-291C standard should satisfy 21% ± 9 and Azimuth error should be within ± 1. Therefore, the pulse duration (3.5 ± 0.5 usec), the pulse pair interval (12 ± 0.1 usec), the rise time (2.0 ± 0.25 usec) and the fall time (2.5 ± 0.5 usec) must be satisfied for the Gaussian pulse pair.

In addition, when the sensing unit 130 senses a predetermined section of the signal passing through the band-pass filter 120, it may be very important to determine a predetermined section.

In a microwave system using a continuous wave, there is not a large variation in the magnitude of the power of the RF signal. Therefore, even if the sensing unit 130 senses or samples an arbitrary section of the incident wave or the reflected wave, the result of the voltage standing wave ratio of the corresponding system is not greatly affected.

However, in the case of the TACAN antenna 10 proposed in the present invention, since the Gaussian pulse pair is used, the voltage standing wave ratio of the TACAN antenna can be varied depending on which section the sensing unit 130 senses.

Therefore, in order to obtain an accurate sampling value and a voltage standing wave ratio, the sensing unit 130 preferably senses a signal-to-magnetic-north reference signal period that has passed through the band-pass filter 120 described above. When sensing a magnetic north reference signal section composed of the largest number of pairs of Gaussian pulses among a plurality of sections in a signal passing through the band-pass filter 120, the sensing section 130 can acquire more sampling values for the signal .

The detection unit 130 detects a first voltage value V ₁ corresponding to the power of the incident wave A and a second voltage value V ₂ corresponding to the power of the reflected wave B based on the obtained sampling value, Can be output. At this time, the sensing unit 130 calculates a first voltage value and a second voltage value using a bubble sort algorithm and an average value of a plurality of upper values obtained by applying the algorithm to a plurality of values sensed in a predetermined interval, Can be output.

Since the sensing unit 130 performs sampling on the Gaussian pulse pair, various sampling values can be obtained according to the sampling point. The voltage value obtained by using the sampled value thus obtained as it is may cause an error of the return loss value in the calculation unit 140 to be described later.

6 is a diagram showing an example for explaining the bubble sorting algorithm.

The bubble sort algorithm can minimize the error of the return loss due to various sampling values. The bubble sort algorithm is an iterative process of exchanging neighboring elements in a data list that requires sorting in order, exchanging and maintaining each element, and arranging each element in order from minimum value to maximum value.

6, the various sampled values that have been scrambled can be arranged in order, such as 3, 4, 8, 9, 15, 20, 50 through the bubble sorting algorithm. The sensing unit 130 may output the first voltage value and the second voltage value using an average value of a plurality of upper values obtained by applying the bubble sorting algorithm.

In this way, the sensing unit 130 can convert the power of the RF signal and output a voltage corresponding thereto.

In addition, the sensing unit 130 can sense the incident wave A and the reflected wave B transmitted in different directions due to the operation of the single pole double through (SPDT) switch 160, which will be described later.

Referring back to FIG. 3, the calculation unit 140 calculates a return loss value, a voltage reflection coefficient, and a voltage standing wave (hereinafter referred to as &quot; voltage &quot;) value using the first dBm value of the first voltage value and the second dBm value of the second voltage value VSWR &lt; / RTI &gt; At this time, the calculation unit 140 may refer to the in-memory conversion table storing the relational expression between the voltage value and the dBm value in advance.

Here, the voltage reflection coefficient (Γ) refers to an index obtained by simply calculating the reflection amount generated by the impedance difference at a certain connection end by the ratio of the input voltage to the reflection voltage. The smaller the voltage reflection coefficient, the smaller the reflection amount.

Also, the return loss value is a value obtained by converting the reflection coefficient to the log scale (dB) of the power, and the first dBm value can be obtained according to the second dBm value.

The voltage standing wave ratio is defined as the ratio of the maximum voltage to the minimum voltage on the transmission line as shown in Equation 1 and means the height ratio of the standing wave generated by the reflection. A standing wave is a fixed waveform that occurs when a wave meets another wave and then merges with the reflected wave.

The relationship shown in Equation (2) is established between the voltage standing wave ratio and the voltage reflection coefficient.

Further, the control unit 150 transmits a control signal to the SPDT switch 160 connected to the coupler 110 described above. The SPDT switch 160 includes two switching elements 161 and 162 connected to both terminals for performing coupling and performing different switching operations.

When the control unit 150 transmits a low signal, the coupler 110 extracts the incident wave A, and when the controller 150 transmits a high signal, the coupler 110 extracts the reflected wave B . That is, when a low signal is transmitted to the SPDT switch 160, the first switch 161 is connected to the first resistor 163 and the second switch 162 is connected to the band-pass filter 120, (A) to the band-pass filter 120. When the high signal is transmitted to the SPDT switch 160, the first switching device 161 is connected to the band-pass filter 120 to transmit the reflected wave B to the band-pass filter 120, (162) is connected to the second resistor (164).

The display unit 170 displays the calculation result of the calculation unit 140 on the user screen. 7 is a diagram showing a calculation result according to an example displayed on a user screen. It will be readily appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that results of calculations different from those of FIG. 7 may be displayed.

The display unit 170 displays the normal operation of the transponder for transmitting the RF signal to the monopole antenna 16 or connects the transponder to the monopole antenna 16 according to the calculation result of the calculation unit 140 It can indicate whether the cable is normally connected.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration according to an example when the voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is actually implemented. The coupler 110 includes a line 111 coupling the RF signal and a line 112 passing the RF signal. And may be implemented as an all-in-one type module in which the band-pass filter 120, the sensing unit 130, the SPDT switch 160, and the DC / DC converter 180 are all disposed.

The voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus 100 described so far accurately measures the voltage standing wave ratio which is a main parameter capable of evaluating the characteristics of the electronic scanning TACAN antenna 10 and provides the measured voltage standing wave ratio whenever the user desires .

<Electronic scan TACAN  Specific Operation of Antenna>

Hereinafter, an electronic scan TACAN antenna 10 as an object of measurement of a voltage standing wave ratio will be described.

The parasitic radiators 17 and 17 'shown in FIG. 1 are disposed around a monopole antenna 16 and serve as reflectors that reflect signals radiated from the monopole antenna 16, (Director).

The parasitic radiator that is operating as a reflector is operated as a waveguide and some of the parasitic radiators that are operating as a waveguide are operated as a reflector by a control signal generated every predetermined timing. At this time, it is preferable that some parasitic radiators are changed in a predetermined order, and the timing is set in a very precise manner so as to satisfy the MIL-STD-291C standard for the TACAN antenna.

For example, some of the plurality of parasitic radiators 17, 17 'may operate as reflectors that reflect the signal, while others operate as a waveguide that guides the signal. That is, the RF signal radiated from the monopole antenna 16 can be reflected by the parasitic radiators 17 and 17 'serving as reflectors and radiated in a direction different from the original traveling direction or in a substantially opposite direction, and the monopole antenna 16 Can be radiated in the initial traveling direction through the parasitic radiators 17 and 17 ', which operate as a waveguide.

A PIN diode may be connected to one end of each parasitic radiator, and a switching element performs a switching operation by a control signal generated every predetermined timing (for example, 1/15 second) in an integrated controller to be described later, Can be opened or opened.

According to the above switching operation, the PIN diode to which the reverse bias is applied is opened and disconnected from the reflection plate 11, and the parasitic radiator connected to the PIN diode operates as a waveguide. According to the switching operation, the PIN diode to which the forward bias is applied is conducted and connected to the reflection plate 11, and the parasitic radiator connected to the PIN diode operates as a reflector.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement and operation of a plurality of parasitic radiators constituting the electronic scan TACAN antenna shown in FIG. 1 according to an example.

16 parasitic radiators 17 on the first area A and 63 parasitic radiators 17 on the second area B form a circle and are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance d1 , d2.

At this time, one parasitic radiator that was operating as a waveguide among the 16 parasitic radiators on the first region A and one parasitic radiator that was operating as a waveguide on the second region (B) by a control signal generated in the integrated controller, The nine parasitic radiators which were operating as waveguides at the same interval among the 63 parasitic radiators are operated as reflectors. Further, one parasitic radiator is changed in the clockwise direction in the order arranged on the first region (A), and the nine parasitic radiators are changed in the clockwise direction in the order arranged on the second region.

For example, the parasitic radiators (17a and 17a including nine), which are currently operating as reflectors, are operated as a waveguide after 1/15 second, and the parasitic oscillator Nine radiators (including 17b and 17'b) should be operated as reflectors after 1/15 second. In other words, some parasitic radiators (nine including 17a and 17'a) -> (nine including 17b and 17'b) -> (17c, 17'c 9), the electronic rotation of the reflector is achieved. This allows some parasitic radiators that reflect the signal to electronically rotate to produce 15 Hz and 135 Hz amplitude modulated composite (superposition) radiation patterns.

FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the arrangement and operation of a plurality of parasitic radiators constituting the electronic scan TACAN antenna shown in FIG. 1 according to another example.

In the arrangement according to another example, sixteen parasitic radiators 17 on the first area A and three parasitic radiators 17 'on the second area B, each having three columns, (d1, d2).

At this time, one parasitic radiator that was operating as a waveguide among the 16 parasitic radiators on the first region A and one parasitic radiator that was operating as a waveguide on the second region (B) by a control signal generated in the integrated controller, The parasitic radiators of nine rows, which are operated as waveguides at equal intervals from each other, are operated as reflectors. Further, one parasitic radiator is changed in the clockwise direction in the order arranged on the first region (A), and the nine row parasitic radiators are changed in the clockwise direction in the order in which they are arranged on the second region.

For example, on the basis of the current point of view, nine parasitic radiators (rows of rows of 17a, 17'a) that were operating as reflectors were operated as waveguides after 1/15 second, The nine parallels of the parasitic radiators 17b, 17'b in operation must be operated as reflectors after 1/15 second. In other words, a part of parasitic radiators (nine rows including rows of 17a and 17'a) -> (nine rows including rows of 17b and 17'b) -> (Nine rows including the rows of 17c and 17'c), the electronic rotation of the reflector is performed. This allows some parasitic radiators that reflect the signal to electronically rotate to produce 15 Hz and 135 Hz amplitude modulated composite (superposition) radiation patterns.

FIG. 11 is a view for explaining the arrangement and operation of another parasitic radiator constituting the electronic scan TACAN antenna shown in FIG. 1 according to another example.

In the arrangement according to another example, parasitic radiators 17 of two rows by 16 on the first region A, and parasitic radiators 17 'of three columns by 63 on the second region B are circled Are arranged at predetermined intervals (d1, d2).

At this time, the parasitic radiators disposed on the first area A and the second area B, respectively, have different lengths and radiation patterns depending on the arranged rows even though they are arranged in the same row. In other words, more precise adjustment may be necessary since the frequency range (962 MHz to 1213 MHz) of the TACAN antenna is broadband and, in the case of the electromagnetic system, it is only necessary to generate signals of discrete waveforms that are not continuous .

For example, the 63 parasitic radiation patterns arranged in the innermost row in the second area B have the shortest length, and operate in the high band (a band previously determined to be close to 1213 MHz). The 63 parasitic radiation patterns placed in the outermost row have the longest length and are operated in the low band (pre-categorized band close to 962 MHz). The 63 parasitic radiators placed in the middle row have a length between them and operate in the middle band (midway between 962 MHz and 1213 MHz).

Since the parasitic radiator must have a length of? / 2 or more in order to operate as a reflector, there is a need to control by taking into account the frequency band so as to efficiently cover all the wide band of the TACAN antenna.

Therefore, the parasitic radiator disposed in any one of the rows of the parasitic radiators in one row, which was operating as a waveguide on the first region A, by the control signal described above every 1/15 second, A parasitic radiator placed in any one of the nine rows of parasitic radiators operating as a waveguide at the same interval on the second region B, while being operated as a reflector in any of the two predefined frequency bands, And is operated as a reflector in any of the three frequency bands previously classified within the operating frequency range of the TACAN antenna.

Further, the parasitic radiators of one row are changed in the clockwise direction in the order arranged on the first region (A), and the parasitic radiators of the nine rows are changed in the clockwise direction in the order arranged on the second region .

For example, on the basis of the current point of view, the parasitic radiator (either row in row 17a, any row in 9 rows, including row 17'a), which was operating as a reflector, In operation, the parasitic radiator (any one row in the row of 17b, any row in the 9th row, including the row of 17'b), which is in the following order clockwise and was operating as a waveguide, . That is, by a control signal every 1/15 second, some parasitic radiators which operate as reflectors (any one row in row 17a, any row in 9 rows including row 17'a) (Any one column in the 9 rows, including any one column in the row, 17'b in the row) -> (any one column in the 9 rows, including any one column in the 17c row and 17'c row) As they are sequentially changed in the clockwise direction, the electronic rotation of the reflector is achieved. This allows some parasitic radiators that reflect the signal to electronically rotate to produce 15 Hz and 135 Hz amplitude modulated composite (superposition) radiation patterns.

The distance between the first area A and the second area B from the monopole antenna 220, the distance between the first area A and the second area B, the distance between the first area A and the second area B, The spacing between the parasitic radiators 210 disposed on the first region A and the spacing between the parasitic radiators 210 ' disposed on the second region B can be varied to provide various elements .

Further, in each of the examples described above, a 15 Hz amplitude-modulated radiation pattern is generated due to the electronic rotation of some parasitic radiators that reflect the signal on the first region A, An electronic rotation of some parasitic radiators results in a 135HZ amplitude modulated radiation pattern.

Consequently, a 15 Hz and 135 Hz amplitude modulated combined (superimposed) radiation pattern can be generated by the electronic scan TACAN antenna 10 due to the electronic rotation of the reflector, and the voltage standing wave ratio measurement device 100 can generate an electronic scan TACAN antenna The voltage standing wave ratio can be accurately and conveniently measured, and the measured voltage standing wave ratio can be provided to the user at any time.

12 is a view for explaining an overall internal configuration of the electronic scan TACAN antenna shown in FIG. 1 and a brief signal flow.

The monopole antenna 16 receives the RF signal from the transponder 19, which is a TACAN transceiver, and emits it in all directions.

The voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus 100 proposed by the present invention is arranged between the monopole antenna 16 and the transponder 19 and the incident wave and the reflected wave are extracted by the coupler 110. The SPDT switch 160 is controlled by the control signal from the integrated controller 21, and the coupler 110 can couple signals traveling in mutually different directions. The sensing unit 130 senses a predetermined period in a signal having a frequency that has passed through the band pass filter 120 and outputs a first voltage value corresponding to the power of the incident wave and a second voltage value corresponding to the power of the reflected wave And transmits these voltage values to the integrated controller 21.

The power supply 20 appropriately applies a predetermined voltage or the like to each configuration in the voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus 100, the integrated controller 21, the 15 Hz switching unit 22, and each configuration in the 135 Hz switching unit 22 ' .

The 15 Hz parasitic radiator group may consist of 16 (or 16 by 2) parasitic radiators 17 arranged in a circle around the monopole antenna 16 and a PIN diode connected to each. A control signal (FET On / Off Signal) generated every 1/15 second in the integrated controller 21 controls each switching element in the 15 Hz switching unit 22 and, in accordance with the switching operation, A reverse bias may be applied and electronic rotation of some parasitic radiators may be achieved. This allows a group of 15 Hz parasitic radiators to externally generate a 15 Hz amplitude modulated radiation pattern and internally the integrated controller 21 generates a 15 Hz parasitic radiator group 15 Hz based on the signals output from the multiplexer in the 15 Hz switching unit 22. [ It is possible to judge an abnormal parasitic radiator among the parasitic radiators belonging to the same category.

The 135 Hz parasitic emitter group includes 63 parasitic radiators 17 'arranged in a circular form with a longer radius than the 16 parasitic radiators 17 with the monopole antenna 16 as a center, And a PIN diode connected to the power source. The control signal (FET On / Off signal) generated every 1/15 second in the integrated controller 21 controls each switching element in the 135 Hz switching unit 22 ', and in accordance with the switching operation, Or reverse bias is applied to electronically rotate some parasitic radiators. This allows the 135 Hz amplitude modulated radiation pattern generated 135 Hz parasitic emitter group to be synthesized (superimposed) with the 15 Hz amplitude modulated radiation pattern generated in the 15 Hz parasitic emitter group internally, and the integrated controller 21 internally The abnormal parasitic radiator of the parasitic radiator belonging to the 135 Hz parasitic radiator group can be judged based on the signal outputted from the multiplexer in the 135 Hz switching unit 22 '.

Even if there are some omitted operating principles, it will be understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains and the present invention can be reproduced and implemented by referring to the description of the overall configuration and the signal flow.

<Voltage Standing wave ratio  Measurement method>

Meanwhile, FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing each step of a voltage standing wave ratio measurement method using a voltage standing wave ratio measuring device of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In order to measure the voltage standing wave ratio proposed in the present invention, the voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus 100 of the above-described electronic scanning TACAN antenna can be used.

First, the voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus 100 extracts an incident wave incident on the monopole antenna 16 of the TACNA antenna 10 radiating an RF signal in all directions and a reflected wave reflected from the monopole antenna 16 (S310 ).

Subsequently, a step S320 of passing the signal having the frequency within the use frequency range of the TACAN antenna 10 among the extracted signals is performed.

At this time, the frequency range of use of the TACAN antenna 10 is preferably 962 MHz to 1213 MHz.

Next, the voltage standing wave ratio measuring apparatus 100 detects a predetermined section of the signal having the frequency within the use frequency range, outputs a first voltage value corresponding to the power of the incident wave, and outputs a second voltage value corresponding to the second And outputs a voltage value (S330).

Next, calculating at least one of a return loss value, a voltage reflection coefficient, and a voltage standing wave ratio using the first dBm value of the first voltage value and the second dBm value of the second voltage value (S340) is performed.

Using the voltage standing wave ratio measurement method according to one embodiment of the present invention, the user can easily check the measured voltage standing wave ratio, and if the voltage standing wave ratio of the TACAN antenna is poor, the user can immediately maintain and repair the TACAN antenna. So that serious problems such as flight safety problems of the aircraft or deviation from the route can be prevented in advance.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only and that those of ordinary skill in the art can readily understand that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. will be. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention do.

100: voltage standing wave ratio measuring device 110: coupler
120: band-pass filter 130:
140: Calculator 150:
160: SPDT switch 170: Display

Claims (10)

An apparatus for measuring the VSWR of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna,
A coupler for extracting an incident wave incident on a monopole antenna of the TACAN antenna that radiates an RF signal in all directions and a reflected wave reflected from the monopole antenna;
A band pass filter for passing a signal having a frequency within a frequency range of use of the TACAN antenna among the signals extracted through the coupler;
A second reference voltage generator for generating a first voltage value corresponding to the power of the incident wave by sensing a North Reference Burst section including a plurality of Gaussian pulse pairs in the signal passing through the band pass filter, A second voltage value; And
A calculation unit for calculating at least one of a return loss value, a voltage reflection coefficient, and the voltage standing wave ratio using a first dBm value of the first voltage value and a second dBm value of the second voltage value, An apparatus for measuring the voltage standing wave of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the sensing unit senses a North Reference Burst period composed of twelve Gaussian pulse pairs generated every 1/15 seconds in the signal passed through the bandpass filter.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the sensing unit outputs the first voltage value and the second voltage value and calculates an average value of a plurality of upper values obtained by applying the bubble sorting algorithm and the algorithm to a plurality of values sensed in the magnetic north reference signal interval An apparatus for measuring the voltage standing wave ratio of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna using an output.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the calculation unit refers to an in-memory conversion table storing a relational expression between a voltage value and a dBm value in advance.
The method according to claim 1,
The signal passed through the band-pass filter is divided into a North Reference Burst (Gaussian) reference signal consisting of 12 Gaussian pulse pairs generated every 1/15 second, an auxiliary reference signal composed of 6 Gaussian pulse pairs generated every 1/135 second (ID) signal section composed of two Gaussian pulse pairs generated every 1/1350 second, and a Reply-Squitter section composed of randomly generated Gaussian pulse pairs. An apparatus for measuring the voltage standing wave of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna.
The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a control unit for transmitting a control signal to a single pole double through (SPDT) switch connected to the coupler,
When the control unit transmits a low signal, the coupler extracts the incident wave,
And the coupler extracts the reflected wave when the controller transmits a high signal.
The method according to claim 1,
And a display unit for displaying the calculation result of the calculation unit on the user's screen.
8. The method of claim 7,
The display unit may indicate whether the transponder that transmits the RF signal to the monopole antenna operates normally or not, or whether the cable connecting the transponder and the monopole antenna is normally connected, according to the calculation result of the calculator An apparatus for measuring the voltage standing wave of an electronic scan TACAN antenna.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the used frequency range is from 962 MHz to 1213 MHz.
A method of measuring a voltage standing wave ratio using a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) measuring apparatus of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna,
Extracting an incident wave incident on the monopole antenna of the TACAN antenna radiating an RF signal in all directions and a reflected wave reflected from the monopole antenna;
Passing a signal having a frequency within a used frequency range of the TACAN antenna among the extracted signals;
A North Reference Burst section composed of a plurality of pairs of Gaussian pulses in a signal having a frequency within the use frequency range is detected to output a first voltage value corresponding to the power of the incident wave, Outputting a corresponding second voltage value; And
Calculating at least one of a return loss value, a voltage reflection coefficient, and a voltage standing wave ratio using a first dBm value of the first voltage value and a second dBm value of the second voltage value, Voltage standing wave ratio measurement method using voltage swing ratio (VSWR) measuring device of an electronic scanning TACAN antenna.

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