KR101524878B1 - Power control apparatus according to work mode in hybrid industrial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling battery power according to a work mode in a hybrid industrial vehicle using a battery and an ultracapacitor as a power source. To this end, in the hybrid industrial vehicle of the present invention, a battery power control apparatus according to a working mode includes a battery and an ultracapacitor, and includes a power supply for providing power, a battery output A difference between the battery output control value corresponding to the previous operation mode is calculated from the battery output control value corresponding to the changed operation mode when the operation mode is changed, And a control unit for controlling the output of the battery to a battery output control value that is compensated by applying a value to the battery output control value.

Ultracapacitor, Dual Power, Hybrid, Power Control.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a battery power control apparatus for a hybrid industrial vehicle,

The present invention relates to a battery power control apparatus for a hybrid industrial vehicle, and more particularly, to an apparatus for quickly controlling a battery output in a hybrid industrial vehicle using a dual power source, will be.

In recent years, studies have been actively conducted on a hybrid type industrial vehicle in which surplus power of the engine is stored in an electric energy storage device with a rapid increase in oil price, and the fuel consumption is improved by supplying the insufficient power of the engine from the electric energy storage device .

The electric energy storage device of the hybrid industrial vehicle is composed of a battery and an ultracapacitor, and controls power according to characteristics of each storage device to maximize energy efficiency.

The battery has a higher storage energy density than the ultracapacitor, but the output density is higher than the ultracapacitor battery.

Thus, the frequent or large power supplies power from the ultracapacitor, and the small power and long-term, large capacity of energy are supplying power from the battery.

On the other hand, in the case of a hybrid industrial vehicle using such a dual power source, when the operation mode is changed from a high load operation to a small operation, the battery output is set to the initial set battery output set for a heavy load operation Should be adjusted. That is, in order to prevent the deterioration of the energy efficiency and the working efficiency, there is a demand for technology development related to the change of the output control of the power sources according to the change of the operation mode.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a control device capable of preventing a reduction in energy efficiency and work efficiency when a work mode is changed in a hybrid industrial vehicle using a dual power source.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a battery power control apparatus for a hybrid industrial vehicle including a battery and an ultracapacitor, the apparatus comprising: a power supplier for providing power; The battery output control value corresponding to the previous operation mode is calculated from the battery output control value corresponding to the changed operation mode when the operation mode is changed, And a controller for controlling the output of the battery with the compensated battery output control value by applying a compensation value.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery output control value for each operation mode is an average value of a work load in a standard operation pattern of the corresponding work vehicle for each mode.

Further, the apparatus for controlling battery power of a hybrid industrial vehicle according to an example of the present invention further includes a DC / DC converter for converting a direct current (DC) voltage output from the battery into a DC voltage controlled by the controller, DC converter controls the DC value to be converted by the DC / DC converter so that the battery output is adjusted to the target control value of the battery.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit may calculate the workload average value for a predetermined time, and when the ultracapacitor voltage value is out of a preset allowable voltage range, correct the workload average value by a predetermined load value, Controls the voltage of the ultracapacitor to fall within the allowable voltage range, and controls the output of the battery with the corrected work load value as the target control value of the battery.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit calculates a workload average value by measuring a workload at a preset measurement period for a predetermined time, and the permissible voltage range includes a minimum allowable voltage value as a lower limit value and a maximum allowable voltage value as an upper limit value And the control unit performs a negative correction for the current work load average value by a preset load value when the voltage value of the ultracapacitor is equal to or greater than the maximum allowable voltage value, And performs a positive correction by a set load value.

According to the present invention, when the operation mode is changed, the battery output control value corresponding to the corresponding mode can be immediately controlled.

In addition, after controlling the battery output control value suitable for the operation mode, there is an advantage that the work load can be more accurately reflected in the battery output control by controlling the battery output according to the actual vehicle load.

In addition to changing the workload, the voltage of the ultracapacitor can be prevented from exceeding the maximum allowable value and the minimum allowable value by controlling the battery power in consideration of the voltage of the ultracapacitor.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the same configurations of the drawings denote the same reference numerals as possible whenever possible. Specific details are set forth in the following description, which is provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. In the following description of the present invention, detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

In the hybrid industrial vehicle according to the present invention, a mode pattern is classified into a high mode, a standard mode, and an economy mode according to the size of a workload, You can then select and work with. As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, three modes are described as an embodiment, but it should be noted that the operation modes can be further classified to have a larger number of modes.

1 is a configuration of a battery power control apparatus according to an operation mode in a hybrid industrial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, a battery power control apparatus according to the present invention includes a controller 100, a battery 102, a direct current / direct current (DC / DC) converter 104, an inverter 106, a motor 108, An Ultra Capacitor 110 and a vehicle operation unit 112. [

When the DC power output from the battery 102 and the ultracapacitor 110 is applied to the inverter 106, the inverter 106 converts the applied DC power into AC power and supplies the AC power to the motor 108, .

In this case, in the battery power control apparatus having the dual power supply structure as shown in FIG. 1, a constant power is outputted from the battery 102, and when the work load is abruptly changed, the power of the ultracapacitor 110 is used .

If the output of the battery 102 is large, the internal loss due to the internal resistance of the battery is large, and the life of the battery is adversely affected. Continuous use time) and a long lifetime.

Accordingly, when the workload is abruptly changed, the power of the ultracapacitor 110 is further used.

Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the output of the battery 102 through the control of the DC / DC converter 104 in accordance with the operation pattern.

In the present invention, the battery output control value for each operation mode is set in advance. Here, the preset battery output control value for each operation mode is an average value of the work load in the standard operation pattern of the corresponding work vehicle for each mode.

In addition, the battery output control value corresponding to the operation mode set at the initial operation mode setting is controlled to the initial target control value of the battery. Thereafter, when the operation mode is changed, the difference between the battery output control value corresponding to the changed operation mode and the battery output control value corresponding to the current operation mode is compensated to the current battery output control value, Value.

For this, if there is an initial operation mode selection through the vehicle operation unit 112, the control unit 100 controls the output of the battery 102 to a predetermined battery output control value corresponding to the selected operation mode.

If the operation mode is changed through the vehicle operation unit 112, the control unit 100 calculates a difference between the battery output control values corresponding to the changed operation mode and the battery output control values corresponding to the previous operation mode.

Then, the control unit 100 controls the output of the battery with the compensated battery output control value by applying the calculated compensation value to the previous battery output control value.

After the operation mode is immediately changed to the battery output control value corresponding to the corresponding mode, the control unit 100 controls the battery output according to the actual vehicle load so that the work load can be more accurately reflected in the battery output control .

Now, the process of controlling the battery power according to the operation mode according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, after confirming the currently set work mode (S200), it is checked whether a previously set work mode exists (S201)

If the previously set work mode does not exist, that is, if the work mode is the initial work mode after the initial vehicle start, the output control value of the battery is set to the battery output control value corresponding to the currently set work mode (S205)

However, if the previously set work mode exists, it is checked whether the previously set work mode is the same as the currently set work mode (S202)

If the currently set work mode is the same as the currently set work mode, the current battery output control value will be set equal to the previous battery output control value (S203)

However, if the currently set work mode is not the same as the currently set work mode, that is, if the work mode is changed

Calculating a difference between the battery output control value corresponding to the previous operation mode and the calculated battery output control value by applying the calculated compensation value to the previous battery output control value from the battery output control value corresponding to the changed operation mode, (S204). ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 >

Thereafter, the battery output control value is controlled according to the vehicle load while controlling the battery output with the current battery output control value set in S203, S204, and S205 (S206). That is, through steps S200 and S205, After controlling the battery output, in step S206, the battery output is controlled according to the actual work load so that the battery output control can be performed more precisely.

At this time, the battery output can be controlled only in accordance with the load change when controlling the battery output in step S206. Alternatively, the battery output can be controlled in consideration of the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 according to another embodiment. The operation for controlling the battery output in consideration of the voltage of the ultracapacitor will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 below.

Thereafter, when the operation ends, the operation is terminated. Otherwise, the operation proceeds to step S200 to continue the operation of controlling the power of the battery according to the operation mode (S207)

The battery power control flow according to the operation mode as described above will be described with reference to the graph of FIG.

For example, if the average value of the standard work pattern load in the high mode is Pbat_h, the average value of the standard work pattern load in the standard mode is Pbat_s, the average value of the standard work pattern load in the economy mode Pbat_e. If the previous operation mode does not exist, that is, when the vehicle is initially started, and the driver selects the operation mode as the high mode, the output control value of the battery is set to Pbat_h and controlled to the set Pbat_h.

After controlling the vehicle battery to the battery initial output control value, the controller 100 controls the output control value of the battery according to the work load.

Thereafter, if it is assumed that the driver changes the operation mode to the economy mode during the operation, the control unit 100 determines that the previous operation mode is the high mode and the current operation mode is the economy mode The compensation value according to the operation mode change is calculated and the battery output control value is compensated by using the compensation value calculated at the mode change time.

At this time, the compensation value can be calculated according to the following Equation (1).

Compensation value = battery output control value corresponding to the changed operation mode - battery output control value corresponding to the previous operation mode

For example, if the previous operation mode is the high mode and the currently changed operation mode is the economy mode as in the above assumption, the compensation value will be calculated as Equation (2) below.

Compensation value = Pbat_e - Pbat_h

The battery output control value compensated by using the compensation value calculated by Equation (2) can be calculated as Equation (3) below.

Pbat corresponding to the current operation mode = battery output control value + (Pbat - e - Pbat - h) corresponding to the previous operation mode

In this case, since Pbat_e <Pbat_h, the compensation value (Pbat_e-Pbat_h) has a negative value, that is, the driver can instantly lower the output of the battery as the operation mode is changed from the high mode to the economy mode.

That is, when the mode is changed from the high mode to the economy mode, a compensation value of 310 is added to the current battery output control value, and the battery output is immediately lowered to 301 as shown in FIG. If the battery output control according to the operation mode is not performed in the present invention, the battery output control value may be lowered to a battery output control value suitable for the change mode after a predetermined time elapses from the change point,

At this time, since the compensation value is calculated and set from the standard operation pattern, proper compensation can be made.

After the operation mode is changed to the battery output control value corresponding to the mode immediately after the operation mode is changed, the battery output is controlled according to the actual vehicle load so that the work load can be more accurately reflected in the battery output control.

At this time, it is also possible to control the battery output only in accordance with the load change after controlling the battery output with the battery output control value corresponding to the operation mode, or to control the battery output in consideration of the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 have.

The operation for controlling the battery output in consideration of the voltage of the ultracapacitor will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIGS. 4 to 6. FIG.

First, referring to FIG. 1, the control unit 100 reads a work load of the vehicle at a preset cycle, and calculates a work load average value for a predetermined time. At this time, it is preferable to set the number of the total work load measurement values in the average value calculation according to the repetition period of the standard load pattern of the vehicle.

The workload measurement may be performed by the control unit 100 reading the output value of the ultracapacitor 110 applied to the inverter 106 to measure the load of the current operation.

Next, a method for calculating the work load average value will be described with reference to FIG.

Let t be the workload measurement period, and let T be a constant time to calculate the average. The total number of measurement samples N of the workload is T / t. At this time, the measurement period t and the time T for calculating the average are appropriately set in accordance with the load characteristics of the working vehicle. If the load variation is too steep, then t should be taken small, and T should be selected as one cycle of the standard work pattern of the work vehicle to which this control is applied.

For example, if t is set to 0.1 second and T is assumed to be 100 seconds, the number of workload samples N is 1000.

As shown in FIG. 4, an average is calculated as 400 for 1000 workload values (Pload_1, Pload_2, ..., Pload_1000) measured at a cycle of 0.1 second.

When the new 1001th workload is measured, the oldest workload value Pload_1 is discarded as 401 and the average of 1000 samples is calculated using the new workload value Pload_1001.

4, the control unit 100 controls the average value of the calculated work loads to be the output target value of the battery 102. [0053] At the same time, when the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 reaches the upper limit value or the lower limit value, the control unit 100 performs the correction by a preset correction value to the average value of the workload. By correcting the average value of the workload in this way, the frequency of the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 to reach the upper limit value or the lower limit value is reduced.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the ultracapacitor 110 selects and applies an appropriate voltage range and an appropriate capacity according to vehicle load characteristics. However, since the load pattern of the vehicle examined in the capacity selection can not be the same as the work load pattern of the actual vehicle, the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 may approach the upper limit value or the lower limit value during the operation of the actual vehicle.

The voltage range of the ultracapacitor (110) is set to the maximum allowable voltage value by lowering the upper limit lower than the maximum voltage specification in consideration of safety, and the lower limit is the maximum load of the working vehicle It is desirable to set the possible output to the lowest acceptable voltage value that can occur.

If the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 reaches the preset maximum allowable voltage value or the minimum allowable voltage value during the load operation, the controller 100 performs control to correct the work load average value, The voltage is controlled not to exceed the allowable range. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the frequency at which the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 reaches the maximum / minimum allowable voltage value.

As described above, in the present invention, the battery power is controlled in consideration of the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 while controlling the workload change during battery power control.

The battery power control flow considering the voltage of the ultracapacitor will be described with reference to the graph of FIG.

First, reference numeral 504 denotes a workload (Pload) average value of the number of samples N, and reference numeral 506 denotes a value that reflects a correction value to a workload (Pload) average value of the number of samples N. Reference numeral 510 denotes a voltage value (Vcap) of the ultracapacitor when a value obtained by reflecting a correction value in an average value of the workload (Pload) of the number of samples N as a target control value of the battery output control value (Pbat) N is the voltage value (Vcap) of the ultracapacitor when the average value of the work load (Pload) is set as the target control value of the battery output control value (Pbat).

If the voltage Vcap of the ultracapacitor 110 becomes the predetermined maximum allowable voltage value Vcap_max at the point 500 having the average load value at the nth measurement time, When calculating the average load value, correction is performed to reflect the correction value set in advance in the calculated work load average value.

At this time, the average load value correction at the (n + 1) th measurement point can be performed as Equation (4) below.

(Average of Pload @ step = n + 1) - Pcomp

At this time, &quot; Average of Pload @ step = n + 1 &quot; is an average load value calculated at the (n + 1) th measuring point and &quot; Pcomp &quot; Here, the predetermined correction value may be a function composed of system variables or an appropriate fixed value.

If the voltage Vcap of the ultracapacitor 110 becomes equal to the preset maximum allowable voltage value Vcap_max at a point 501 having an average load value at a predetermined measurement time, And performs correction to reflect the correction value. Then, the load value is reduced by a predetermined correction value such as 501, and the voltage value of the ultracapacitor 110 also falls below the maximum allowable voltage value.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the case where the correction of the work load average value is performed when the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 reaches the maximum allowable voltage value has been described.

On the other hand, when the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 reaches a preset limit minimum voltage value, a positive correction is performed on the average value of the work load so that the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110 is included within the allowable voltage range.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a process of controlling power of a battery in consideration of a voltage of an ultracapacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

And calculates a workload average value for a predetermined time (S600)

Then, it is checked whether the voltage value of the ultracapacitor is above the maximum allowable voltage value or below the minimum allowable voltage value (S602, S610). That is, it is checked whether the ultracapacitor voltage value is out of the preset allowable range.

If the ultracapacitor voltage value is greater than the maximum allowable voltage value, negative correction is performed on the current work load average value (S604). If the ultracapacitor voltage value is less than the minimum allowable voltage value, positive correction is performed on the current work load average value (S612)

However, if the value of the ultracapacitor voltage is within the allowable range, the process proceeds to step S606 without correction.

On the other hand, if the work load value is corrected in step S604 and step S612 and the process proceeds to step S606, the battery output is adjusted to the target control value of the battery 102 based on the corrected work load value. At this time, the battery output will be adjusted by the control unit 100 through the DC / DC converter as described in the description of FIG.

Thereafter, when the operation ends, the operation is terminated. If not, the operation proceeds to step S600, where the operation of controlling the power of the battery is performed in consideration of the voltage of the ultracapacitor 110.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, You will understand.

Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are provided so that those skilled in the art can fully understand the scope of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, The invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

1 is a configuration diagram of a battery power control apparatus according to an operation mode in a hybrid industrial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a process of controlling battery power according to an operation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a graph for explaining battery power control according to an operation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention,

4 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a method for calculating an average value of a workload according to another embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a graph for explaining battery power control considering voltage of an ultracapacitor according to another embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a flowchart illustrating a process of controlling power of a battery in consideration of a voltage of an ultracapacitor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS OF THE DRAWINGS

100: control unit 102: battery

104: DC / DC converter 106: Inverter

108: motor 110: ultracapacitor

112: vehicle operation unit 120:

Claims (5)

A power supply unit including a battery and an ultracapacitor, The battery output control value corresponding to the operation mode selected when the initial operation mode is selected and the battery output control value corresponding to the previous operation mode from the battery output control value corresponding to the operation mode changed when the operation mode is changed, And a control unit for controlling the output of the battery with the compensated battery output control value by applying a calculated compensation value to the current battery output control value. The battery power control according to the operation mode in the hybrid industrial vehicle Device. The battery control apparatus according to claim 1, Wherein the average value of the work load is a mean value of a work load in a standard work pattern of the corresponding work vehicle in each mode. The method according to claim 1, Further comprising a DC / DC converter for converting a direct current (DC) voltage output from the battery into a DC voltage controlled by the control unit, Wherein the control unit adjusts a DC value to be converted by the DC / DC converter so that the battery output is adjusted to a target control value of the battery. 4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Calculating a workload average value for a predetermined time and correcting the current workload average value by a predetermined load value when the ultracapacitor voltage value is out of a preset allowable voltage range so that the voltage of the ultracapacitor falls within the allowable voltage range And the output of the battery is controlled by using the corrected work load value as a target control value of the battery. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, Calculating a work load average value by measuring a work load at every predetermined measurement period for a predetermined time,  The allowable voltage range is a range in which the minimum allowable voltage value is the lower limit value and the maximum allowable voltage value is the upper limit value, Wherein, If the voltage value of the ultracapacitor is equal to or greater than the maximum allowable voltage value, negative correction is performed by a preset load value to the current work load average value. If the voltage value is below the minimum allowable voltage value, Wherein the hybrid vehicle is a hybrid vehicle.

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