KR101523211B1 - Method and apparatus for identifying crime vulnerable road using digital map - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for extracting a vulnerable road using a digital map and a device therefor. Although numerical maps have various layers, it is possible to use a road center line and a location and attribute information of a building layer to predict a road vulnerable to crime, In order to classify roads and to identify roads that are vulnerable to crime, color or pattern may be assigned to the map according to the degree of risk, taking into account the risk score and the severity rate. In addition, it is possible to additionally consider the crossing angle at which the road center line intersects with the road center line to additionally consider the visibility at the time of pedestrian passage, thereby identifying not only roads vulnerable to crime but also road crossing points vulnerable to crime, Crime susceptible roads may be additionally equipped with road facilities necessary for the prevention of crime including CCTV or street light. In addition, the server on the network uses software to construct a device using a digital map, and then transmits it to an individual terminal (eg, a smartphone) through a wired / wireless communication commission, so that a pedestrian The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting vulnerable roads using a digital map capable of reducing the risk of crime by sending a warning message in advance.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting a criminal vulnerable road using a digital map,

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for extracting fragile vulnerable roads using a digital map, and more particularly, to a method of extracting fragile roads using a feature layer, attribute information, and location information of a digital map , Which can predict roads vulnerable to crime and reduce the risk of crime by additionally installing road facilities for the prevention of crime including closed circuit television (CCTV) or street light on roads expected to be vulnerable to crime The present invention relates to a method of extracting a vulnerable road using a digital map and a device therefor.

In the daily life of modern society, there are still situations in which people's safety is threatened from various risks including sexual violence, school violence or harmful food. In particular, the number of sexual violence crimes targeting children and women increased from 15,970 in 2008 to 22,935 in 2012. In order to prevent such sexual assault related crimes, it is essential to predict the risk areas of sex crimes through a scientific approach.

Most of the crime areas are located in areas where there are insufficient security facilities such as streetlight or CCTV. The existing research trends related to crime prevention are mainly applied to methods such as crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) or spatial syntax. The basic research on the possibility of GIS application of CPTED element (October, 2012) in the above mentioned crime prevention preliminary literature was proposed. The preceding literature analyzes CPTED items for apartment complexes and derives items that can be objectified and quantified so as to match GIS (Geographic Information System) data characteristics. However, geometric analysis on roads mainly used by pedestrians There is a problem that the careful consideration of the attribute information of the road is not reflected.

In addition, as another prior literature, "A Study on the Method of CCTV Arrangement for Urban Residential Areas Using Space Syntax (September, 2012)" and "Crime Prevention Policy Strategies of WWII through CPTED" ) Was proposed. The above mentioned documents propose CCTV deployment methodology considering the spatial structure of urban settlements, CPTED principle, potential criminals and victims' gait pattern, or derived the crime prevention policy of temporal and spatial correlation (or occurrence) Also, there is a problem that geometric analysis and careful consideration of road attribute information are not reflected on the roads mainly used by pedestrians.

Most of the studies related to crime are based on the crime scene. In addition, research and development that can provide road information with low crime to ordinary citizens from the viewpoint of crime prevention is not yet available.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology for extracting and expressing road information which is vulnerable to crime by using road and building information in digital map.

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for extracting roads vulnerable to the occurrence of crime using the road center line, the position and attribute information of the building layer among the main features of the digital map, .

In addition, the present invention can assign a risk score according to the property of the road center line and the building layer, give a risk score in consideration of the severity rate, further assign a risk sum score to the road intersection and the road center line, And a method of displaying the intersection with a dangerous road and a road center line when the threshold value is exceeded.

The method for extracting fragile roads using a digital map according to an embodiment of the present invention generates a road center line formed in a linear shape by using road intersection points, packing materials, road widths, road center line buffering or equivalent information of a digital map ; Calculating an angle at which the road center line and the road center line intersect with each other to determine a danger according to the intersection angle; And searching for buildings existing within a certain range through buffering at the generated road center line. The step of generating the road center line may further include using location information for extracting attribute information including a package material and a road width and a road intersection point to generate an intersection point and calculating an intersection angle of the generated intersection point, The step of determining the danger according to the crossing angle further includes that the view angle for the other road is not secured in one road when the crossing angle between the road center line and the road center line is 45 ° ± 15 ° or 135 ° ± 15 ° Wherein the step of determining a risk according to the crossing angle further includes assigning a risk score to the road crossing point in consideration of the material of the road crossing, the road width, the crossing angle or the equivalent information, In the step, a road center line existing within a certain range through buffering is searched for and selected, and then a search is made using the building type as the property information of the building Wherein the step of searching for the building further includes assigning a risk score to the road center line in consideration of the material of the road center line, the road width, the type of building, or equivalent information, The intersection point is given a risk score by multiplying the center line of each road by the property information of the building and the severity rate and gives the risk sum score by summing the risk score and the risk sum score exceeds the set threshold The road is marked by a dangerous road center line and road intersection.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a criminal vulnerable road extracting apparatus includes a road center line formed in a linear shape by utilizing a road intersection of a digital map, a packing material, a road width, a road center line buffering or equivalent information Means for generating; Means for calculating an angle at which the road center line and the road center line intersect with each other to determine a danger according to the intersection angle; And means for searching for buildings existing within a certain range through buffering at the generated road center line.

The present invention predicts roads that are dangerous to crime by using the road center line and building information of the digital map and predicts the optimal roads to install the urban safety facilities necessary for crime prevention including the CCTV or the streetlight in the future And it is possible to provide information that can be bypassed to roads other than the predicted dangerous area when pedestrians, including children and women, pass the roads.

In addition, the present invention can be implemented in a server on a network by configuring a device with software using a method of extracting fragile roads using a digital map using a digital map, and then transmitting it to an individual terminal (e.g., a smart phone) A warning message is sent to the pedestrian passing through the passenger in advance so that the pedestrian can be safely walked.

1 is a flowchart showing a procedure for extracting a fragile road in a digital map according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of a risk according to an intersection angle of a road center line according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary view showing a building found through buffering at a road center line according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a danger level is assigned to a road center line according to a building type according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 5 is an exemplary view showing a result of a crime-susceptible road extraction using a road center line and a building of a digital map according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
6 is a block diagram illustrating a criminal vulnerable road extracting apparatus using a digital map according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a procedure for extracting a crime susceptibility road in a digital map according to an embodiment of the present invention. The digital map includes a road center line layer and a building layer.

First, the digital map refers to the geographical information such as terrain, underground, underwater, and space, and topographic, spatial, and geographical information in a digital form by using a computerized system. The digital map can be easily used to extract areas vulnerable to crime, and can provide information such as roads, buildings, facilities, administrative boundaries, or periods. At this time, the numerical map is provided at a scale of 1 / 5,000 nationwide, and the urban area is provided at a scale of 1 / 1,000, and the map maker can arbitrarily produce and provide the accumulation of the map. Also, there are two kinds of digital maps: version 1.0, which mainly represents location information, and version 2.0, which can perform various spatial analysis with both location information and attribute information. The numerical map of the present invention will be described mainly with respect to version 2.0 having both location information and attribute information.

In the numerical map 2.0, the features that can be mainly used for extracting roads vulnerable to crime are road center lines and buildings. The center of the road is the center line of a wide road, which means a relatively large road where humans or cars are traveling. The building is fixed on the land and is made up of roofs, pillars, walls, windows and floors, A house built to work or leave things.

Whether or not it is possible to identify dangerous persons or dangerous goods on adjacent roads can be determined by the intersection angle between the center line of the road and the center line of the road, assuming that there are dangerous persons or dangerous goods on the road. Also, roads that are rarely human are mainly buildings that are mostly under construction, rather than a tenement house or apartment, or they are often tent buildings. In this way, it is possible to identify roads that are vulnerable to crime by searching for buildings within a certain radius from the road center line and assigning property information of the building to the road center line.

According to the purpose of the present invention described above, in order to extract vulnerable roads in the digital map 2.0, it is necessary to utilize the road center line and the location information and attribute information of the building. The overall working procedure and method for data processing are shown in Fig.

In the digital map version 2.0 (S101), the roadside center line layer and the building layer are selected (S102). The selected road centerline layer has packing material and road width including the property information, additionally extracts road intersections to generate intersections containing the location information, and calculates intersection angles including the property information through the generated intersections , And buffers the road center line (S103). In addition, the road center line existing within a certain range is buffered or searched for in the building layer, and the building type is used as property information of the building (S104). It is possible to assign a risk score according to the center line of the road and the property of the building, and to give the risk score by considering the severity rate. In this case, the risk score is given from 1 point to 10 points according to the risk level, and the closer the score is to 10, the higher the risk. Then, a risk sum score is given to the road intersection and the road center line, and if the value exceeds the set threshold value, it is displayed as a dangerous road intersection and a road center line (S105). At this time, the threshold value can be arbitrarily adjusted by the user with a predetermined average risk score.

The procedure for extracting the vulnerable road shown in FIG. 1 will be described in more detail as follows.

First, the intersection angle between the road center line and the road center line is calculated through the road center line. In addition, the analysis of the roads that are vulnerable to crime is conducted by extracting information about the material and road width of the road. Table 1 shows the shape and attribute information of the road center line layer of the digital map 2.0. The road center line layer of the digital map 2.0 is provided with the road number, the name, the road classification, the material of the package, the number of lanes, the road width or the property information for one-

At this time, the form and attribute information of the road center line layer can provide various road center line shapes and attribute information as desired by the digital map creator, so that there is no limit to the shape and number of the road center line. Particularly, the packing material of the road center line layer is provided with property information such as 'asphalt', 'asphalt concrete', 'concrete', 'block', 'unpacked' If you have 'unpaved' or 'other' attributes, a high risk score can be given since pedestrian traffic can be given priority over vehicles. Also, the road width can be graded by giving a high risk score as the road width becomes narrower based on 8m that the vehicle can pass in both directions.

Next, Table 2 shows the shape and attribute information of the building layer of the digital map 2.0. The building layer includes attribute information on a name, a type, an application, an annotation or the number of layers as shown in Table 2. In order to find roads that are vulnerable to crime, these property information can be judged as pedestrians' passages vary depending on the type of building. In other words, when the type of the building is a 'building other than a house' rather than a 'building other than a house', it is determined that the building is dangerous in terms of pedestrians, can do.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a risk according to an intersection angle of a road center line according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the road center line 100 is shown in a linear form, and the illustrated points represent an intersection 200 where the road center line 100 and the road center line 100 intersect each other. The area of the center line of the road where the crossing angle is within ± 15 ° around 45 ° and 135 ° is shown.

Here, when a pedestrian or a vehicle is walking or running on a road in which the center line and the center line of the road are arranged in parallel to each other, the pedestrian and the vehicle can sufficiently secure the view of the road. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, when the intersection angle of the road center line and the center line intersects the acute angle and obtuse angle such as 45 ° ± 15 ° or 135 ° ± 15 °, when the pedestrian or the vehicle moves on one road, In this case, the risk of crime is considered to be vulnerable and the risk score can be given. In this case, when the crossing angle between the center line of the road and the center line of the road is 45 ° ± 15 °, it is difficult for the pedestrian or the vehicle proceeding from the left direction to the right direction to have a view angle with respect to the other road, In the case of ± 15 °, it can be judged that a pedestrian or vehicle traveling from the right direction to the left direction is vulnerable to the occurrence of crime because it is difficult to obtain visibility for the other roads.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary view showing a building found through buffering at a road center line according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

As shown in Equation (1), the risk score is given to the intersection where the road center line and the road center line intersect with each other, taking the severity rate into consideration. Each risk level score is summed up. Based on a certain threshold value, if the risk sum score is high, it can be judged as a road vulnerable to crime. If the risk sum score is low, it can be judged as a safe road.

는 범죄 발생에 취약한 도로를 추출하기 위해서 도로중심선과 건물 레이어에서 사용한 속성정보(예: 포장재질, 도로폭 및 건물종류 또는 포장재질, 도로폭 및 교차각)를 나타내며,

는 자료처리를 정규화하기 위해서 설정한 경중률을 나타낸다.Here, n represents the packing material and road width of the road center line layer and the building type (n = 3) of the building layer,

(Eg, pavement material, road width and building type or pavement material, road width and crossing angle) used in the road center line and the building layer to extract vulnerable roads,

Represents the set heaviness to normalize the data processing.

In addition, the road center line can be expressed by using Equation 1, considering the package material, the road width, and the type of building, and the road intersection can be expressed by Equation 1 using the material, road width and crossing angle.

As shown in FIG. 3, the building 300 existing within a certain range can be found through the buffering 400 at the road center line 100. Here, a region having a specific width surrounding a space object is called a buffer, and a process of generating a buffer is called buffering. In order to perform the buffering function, the user must set appropriate parameter values. The parameter values refer to the values of the property information used in the road center line and the building layer (for example, the material of the package, the road width and the type of the building or the material of the package, the road width and the crossing angle). As shown in FIG. 3, the parameter value is set as a value of property information (eg, packing material, road width, and building type) of the road center line to buffer a zone having a specific packing material, road width, Can be performed.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of assigning a danger level to a road center line according to a building type according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a building type in the building 300 retrieved through the buffering of FIG. 3 and assigning a risk score to the road center line 100. The types of buildings including the 'general house (A)', 'out-of-home building (B)', 'no-wall building (C)' and ' It is possible to assign a high risk score to a pedestrian without a manager or a man-made building, such as a walled building or a flat building, rather than a manager or a person with a lot of human resources.

In this case, the roads around the municipal buildings and temporary buildings are judged to be risky and represented by thick dashed lines, and the surrounding roads of the general houses and the buildings other than the houses can be indicated as solid lines by judging that the dangerous roads and dangerous buildings are safer. As shown in FIG. 4, dangerous, dangerous buildings, safety roads and safety buildings can be displayed together with symbols, colors or patterns according to the risk score. Walls, tall buildings and surrounding roads are marked in red, which means danger, and general houses, out-of-home buildings and their surrounding roads can be marked green, which means safety. This can set the color corresponding to the divided area including each road and the building, and can be displayed differently by using the same symbol, color or pattern (door, pattern, pattern, etc.) for each classification item.

In other words, it is possible to identify the roads vulnerable to crime by assigning a danger level to the road center line depending on the type of the building, and since the types of surrounding buildings are visualized in detail, pedestrians intuitively understand the road information vulnerable to crime .

FIG. 5 is an exemplary view showing the result of the crime-susceptible road extraction using a road center line and a building of a digital map according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, in order to express a road center line and a road intersection vulnerable to the occurrence of crime, the risk score and the severity rate of the road center line and the road intersection are respectively given. Table 3 summarizes the risk score and the severity rate of the road center line and road crossing points in the digital map 2.0. The sum of the risk sum given on the center line of the road can be summed up with each risk score for 'packing material', 'road width' and 'building type'. In addition, the risk sum score of the road intersection can be summed up with the respective risk score for 'packing material', 'road width' and 'crossing angle'.

For example, if the hazard score of the roadway center line is 4 points, the road width is 5 points, and the building type is 4 points, each risk score is multiplied by the respective severity rates, The risk sum score of the road center line can be expressed as (6 × 0.2) + (5 × 0.5) + (4 × 0.3) = 4.9. In case of a road intersection, the risk sum score may be expressed in the same manner as the road center line.

The following is a description of how to display crime-prone roads using the road center line and building layer of Digital Map 2.0. Table 4 shows the color charts for crime-susceptible roads. In order to express the vulnerable roads on the map, the method of expressing them as green according to the risk sum score, yellow as normal, and red as danger are shown in Table 4. Since general pedestrians are familiar with the colors of traffic lights, it is clear that the visual reading effect is clear when these colors are introduced and displayed on a map. In this case, the color and shape can be set according to each divided area. The weight of the color and the pattern can be determined by applying the RGB color code of the three primary colors or each primary color, that is, the RGB color table from 0 to 255, Can be displayed differently by using patterns (doorposts, patterns, patterns, etc.). In other words, it is possible to generate a pattern distinguishable from each other through a combination of the hue and the pattern, to allocate RGB colors of 8 bits or more, and to use another color table such as YUV.

FIG. 5 is a map showing a road center line and a road intersection point vulnerable to the occurrence of crime by applying the expression methods shown in Tables 3 and 4. As shown in FIG. 5, as the road width becomes narrower on the basis of the road width of 8 m, a higher risk score can be given and graded. Roads having a wide road width are indicated by a thick solid line to indicate a state of safety in the occurrence of crime and roads narrower than the safety state are indicated with a white line to indicate a normal state of occurrence of crime, And it is possible to identify roads that are vulnerable to the occurrence of crime. In addition, it is possible to identify a pedestrian or a vehicle on the opposite side due to the crossing angle of the road, and the area having a wide road width is displayed as a circle to indicate a state of safety in the occurrence of a crime and the pedestrian or vehicle on the opposite side can not be identified due to the crossing angle Since the area with a narrow road width is represented by a triangle or a star, it indicates a normal state or a dangerous state in the occurrence of a crime, so that a road which a pedestrian should bear in the occurrence of a crime can be easily identified through a map.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for extracting fragile roads using a digital map according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

FIG. 6 shows a device for extracting roads vulnerable to crime by using a digital map. The device for extracting roads vulnerable to crime includes user interface, road center line generation, crossing risk determination, An interface, a communication interface, and a database.

The user interface can identify vulnerable roads using a digital map version 2.0 previously stored in a database to extract roads vulnerable to crime by the user. At this time, the digital map is stored in the database, and the information of the crime susceptibility road extracted from the crime susceptibility road extracting device can be stored.

The road center line creation is to create a road center line formed in a linear shape by utilizing the road intersection of the digital map, the packing material, the road width, the road center line buffering, or the equivalent information. At this time, the center line of the road can be generated by extracting the property information including the packing material and the road width and the road intersection point, generating the intersection point, and using the position information for calculating the intersection angle of the generated intersection point.

The risk of crossing risk can be determined by calculating the angle at which the road center line and the road center line intersect with each other. In this case, when the crossing angle between the center line of the road and the center line crosses 45 ° ± 15 ° or 135 ° ± 15 °, when the pedestrian moves, it is judged as vulnerable to the occurrence of crime Scoring can be used to extract intersections that are vulnerable to crime.

The building search around the road center line can find buildings existing within a certain range through buffering at the generated road center line. According to the type of the building, which is the property information of the building in the building retrieved through the buffering, a road center line vulnerable to crime can be extracted by assigning a risk score to the road center line. At this time, the building search can display the risk score considering the information including the packing material, road width or building type of the center line of the road.

The storage interface stores road information that is vulnerable to crime that was extracted using a digital map. The stored information is transmitted to a client terminal including a smart phone, a PDA, or a tablet PC through a wired / wireless communication interface, A warning message can be sent to the pedestrian passing the road in advance.

In this way, the method of extracting vulnerable roads using the digital map and the device extract the packing material and road width information from the road center line layer by using the road center line and the location and property information of the building layer, In order to identify roads that are vulnerable to crime, color or pattern can be assigned to the map according to the risk level, considering the risk score and the severity rate. In addition, it is possible to additionally consider the crossing angle at which the road center line intersects with the road center line to additionally consider the visibility at the time of pedestrian passage, thereby identifying not only roads vulnerable to crime but also road crossing points vulnerable to crime, There is an advantage that crime prevention risks can be lowered by additionally installing crime prevention road facilities including CCTV or street lamps in the National Police Agency and local governments in the future. Furthermore, the present invention can be realized by a software server using a numerical map using a computer-readable method of extracting fragile roads using a digital network, and then transmitting it to an individual terminal (for example, a smart phone) through wired / By sending a warning message in advance to the pedestrian passing through the vehicle.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. .

100: Road center line 200: Intersection
300: Building 400: Buffering
500: crime susceptibility road extracting apparatus 510: user interface
520: Creation of road center line 530: Determination of crossing risk
540: Building search around the road centerline 550: Storage interface
560: Communication interface 570: Database

Claims (14)

A method for extracting fragile vulnerable roads using digital map in criminal vulnerable road extraction system using digital map,
Generating a road center line formed in a linear shape using the information including the road intersection of the digital map, the packing material, the road width, the road center line buffering, or a combination thereof;
Calculating an angle at which the crime-faltering road extracting device intersects the road center line and the road center line, and determining a risk according to the crossing angle; And
And searching for a building within a certain range through buffering at the road center line generated by the crime-fragile road extracting apparatus. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the step of creating the road centerline comprises:
Wherein the location information is used for extracting the property information including the roadway material and the roadway width and the road intersection point to generate an intersection point and calculating an intersection angle of the intersection point generated. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the step of determining the risk according to the crossing angle comprises:
Wherein when the crossing angle between the center line of the road and the center line of the road is 45 or 135, it is determined that the view of one road is not secured for another road. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the step of determining the risk according to the crossing angle comprises:
Wherein the risk score is given to the road intersection in consideration of information including the material of the road crossing, the road width, the crossing angle, or a combination thereof. The method according to claim 1,
The step of searching for the building comprises:
A building near the road center line is searched by spatial search of a road center line existing in a predetermined range through buffering, and a building is searched using a building type as a property information of the building. Way. The method of claim 5,
The step of searching for the building comprises:
Wherein a risk score is assigned to the road center line in consideration of information including a packing material, a road width, a building type, or a combination thereof in the center line of the road. The method according to claim 1,
The crime susceptibility road extracting method includes:
A risk score is given by multiplying a risk score and a heavy rate according to property information of each road center line and a building to give a risk total score by adding the risk score and if the risk total score exceeds a set threshold, A road center line and a road intersection; and displaying the road center line and the road intersection. Means for creating a road centerline formed in a linear shape by utilizing information including a road intersection of a digital map, a packaging material, a road width, a road center line buffering, or a combination thereof;
Means for calculating an angle at which the road center line and the road center line intersect with each other to determine a danger according to the intersection angle; And
And means for searching for a building existing within a certain range through buffering at the generated road center line. The method of claim 8,
The means for generating the road centerline may include:
Wherein the location information is used to extract the property information including the roadway material and the roadway width and the road intersection point to generate an intersection point and to calculate an intersection angle of the generated intersection point. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the means for determining a risk according to the crossing angle comprises:
Wherein when the crossing angle between the center line of the road and the center line of the road crosses 45 or 135, it is judged that the view of one road is not secured for the other road. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the means for determining a risk according to the crossing angle comprises:
Wherein the risk point is given to the road crossing point in consideration of information including the material of the road crossing, the road width, the crossing angle, or a combination thereof. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the means for searching for the building comprises:
A building near the road center line is searched by spatial search of a road center line existing in a predetermined range through buffering, and a building is searched using a building type as a property information of the building. Device. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the means for searching for the building comprises:
Wherein the risk score is assigned to the road center line in consideration of information including the packing material of the road center line, the road width, the type of the building, or a combination thereof. The method of claim 8,
The crime susceptibility road extracting apparatus includes:
A risk score is given by multiplying a risk score and a heavy rate according to property information of each road center line and a building to give a risk total score by adding the risk score and if the risk total score exceeds a set threshold, And means for displaying the road center line and the intersection of roads.

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