KR101518603B1 - Apparatus for deep drawing - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for deep drawing according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a body frame; a die unit including a lower die in which an object is installed and an upper die compressed to the lower die and fixing the upper die, and provided to the body frame; a punch unit inserted into process holes formed on the lower die and the upper die, and provided to the body frame to press and form the object; and a vibration unit providing a contact part contacting with the die unit to supply uniform vibration to entire die unit, and provided with a fixed part which is a part without amplitude caused by vibration coupled with the body frame.

Description

Apparatus for deep drawing < RTI ID = 0.0 >

The present invention relates to a deep drawing device, and more particularly, to a deep drawing device which is provided with a vibration unit for imparting vibration to a die unit for press forming, And the vibration is added to the entirety of the die unit.

In general, a process that can uniformly produce a product while maintaining the same quality is a press process, a forging process, a casting process, an injection process, and a powder metallurgy process using the plastic deformation property of a material.

Of these, most parts such as automobile body and chassis are manufactured by pressing process. Particularly, a deep drawing method is used during the pressing process.

The deep drawing method refers to a method of reducing the diameter of an article to be formed or molding the article by narrowing the peripheral portion of the article to the center.

In other words, the deep drawing method is as shown in Fig. 1, and presses the lower die 21 'on which the workpiece 2 is seated and the lower die 21' to fix the workpiece 2 The die unit 20 'including the upper die 22' to be fixed and the punch unit 30 'for pressing the molded article 2 to form the product.

In the case of such press processing, satisfactory molding may not be achieved depending on the elastic modulus of the material and the molding shape.

In other words, there is a problem that molding defects occur due to the frictional force between the die unit 20 'and the object 2' during the process of pressing and forming the object 2 '.

In order to solve this problem, the shape of the die unit 20 'has to be adjusted. However, it is difficult to adjust the dimension of the die unit 20' in relation to the product shape.

In addition, a material having good moldability may be used. In such a case, the cost of the product is increased.

The most widely applied method is to apply a lubricating oil having a high viscosity to the die unit 20 'to reduce frictional force. This is because a process for applying lubricating oil must be added before processing, and a process for removing lubricating oil after processing There is a problem in that the production cost is increased due to the addition of the catalyst.

Therefore, there is a need for research into a deep drawing apparatus for solving the above-mentioned problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a deep drawing apparatus for efficiently preventing a molding defect caused by a frictional force between die pieces during press working.

A deep drawing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a body frame, a lower die on which the molding is placed, and an upper die pressed by the lower die to fix the molding, wherein the die unit, A punch unit inserted into the lower die and a machining hole formed in the upper die to be provided in the body frame so as to press and form the workpiece and a contact portion contacting the die unit to impart a constant vibration to the entire die unit, And a vibration unit in which a fixing part, which is a part without amplitude by vibration, is provided coupled to the body frame.

Further, the vibration unit of the deep drawing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is coupled to the body frame so as to contact the die unit in a direction horizontal to the direction in which the punch unit is pressed, A plurality may be provided at regular intervals.

The vibrating unit of the deep drawing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is coupled to the body frame so as to contact the die unit in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the punch unit is pressed, A plurality may be provided at regular intervals.

Further, the vibration unit of the deep drawing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a vibrator connected to an external power source to convert electrical energy into vibrational energy, and the fixed portion has a ratio of (E /?) ^0.5 = f? , L = (lambda x n) / 2 + lambda / 4, n = 0, 1, 2, 3 ... Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > L < / RTI >

Here, E is the elastic modulus of the vibrator, p is the density of the vibrator, f is the oscillation frequency of the oscillator, and lambda is the oscillation wavelength of the oscillator.

The deep drawing apparatus of the present invention has the effect that vibration is added to the entire die unit for press working, and a fixing portion, which is a portion having no amplitude separately from the die unit, is fixed to the body frame.

Thereby, vibration is uniformly applied to the entirety of the die unit, thereby reducing the frictional force between the die unit and the molded article.

In addition, since the fixing portion is fixed to the body frame and functions as a fulcrum, there is an advantage that the effect of reducing the frictional force can be enhanced even with a small vibration energy.

Therefore, defective product formation caused by the frictional force between the die unit and the molded article can be reduced, and product productivity can be improved.

1 is a view showing a conventional deep drawing apparatus.
2A is a perspective view showing that a vibration unit is horizontally provided in the deep drawing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2B is a plan view showing a plurality of horizontally provided vibration units of the deep drawing apparatus of the present invention. FIG.
3A is a perspective view showing that a vibration unit is provided vertically in the deep drawing apparatus of the present invention.
3B is a plan view showing a plurality of vertically provided vibration units of the deep drawing apparatus of the present invention.
4 is an exploded perspective view showing the vibration unit in the deep drawing apparatus of the present invention.
5 is a front view showing the position of the fixing portion in the vibration unit of the deep drawing device of the present invention corresponding to the amplitude graph of the vibration.
Fig. 6 shows a simulation result when vibration is applied to the die unit in the deep drawing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing a comparison between the conventional and the friction force according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventive concept. Other embodiments falling within the scope of the inventive concept may readily be suggested, but are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

The same reference numerals are used to designate the same components in the same reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments.

The deep drawing apparatus 1 of the present invention further includes a vibration unit 40 for imparting vibration to the die unit 20 for press forming, (41) is fixed to the body frame (10), and vibration is added to the entire die unit (20).

This makes it possible to evenly add vibration to the entirety of the die unit 20, thereby reducing the frictional force between the die unit 20 and the workpiece 2. [

In addition, since the fixing portion 41 is fixed to the body frame 10 and functions as a supporting point, it is possible to increase the frictional force reducing effect even with a small vibration energy.

Therefore, defective product forming caused by the frictional force between the die unit 20 and the molded article 2 can be reduced, and the productivity of the product can be improved.

2A is a perspective view showing that the vibration unit 40 is horizontally provided in the deep drawing apparatus 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing the vibration unit 40 in the deep drawing apparatus 1 of the present invention. Is provided vertically.

4 is an exploded perspective view showing the vibration unit 40 in the deep drawing apparatus 1 of the present invention and FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the vibration unit 40 in the deep drawing apparatus 1 of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a graph showing a comparison between the conventional and the friction force according to the present invention. FIG.

Referring to FIGS. 2A, 3A, 4, 6 and 7, a deep drawing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a body frame 10, a lower die And an upper die 22 which is pressed by the lower die 21 to fix the molding 2 and is provided with a die unit 20 provided on the body frame 10, 21 and a punch unit 30 which is inserted into a machining hole H formed in the upper die 22 and provided to the body frame 10 so as to press and form the to-be-molded article 2, The fixing unit 41 is provided with a fixing portion 41 which is a portion having no amplitude due to vibration and is engaged with the body frame 10 to provide a contact portion 44 contacting the die unit 20, And a vibrating unit 40 that vibrates.

That is, the vibration unit 40 can provide the contact portion 44 to provide the fixing portion 41 for efficiently transmitting the vibration energy and at the same time to distribute the vibration energy evenly.

The body frame 10 may serve as a basic support of the apparatus and may be provided with a die unit 20, a punch unit 30, a vibration unit 40, or the like to be described later.

In particular, it is possible to provide a vibrating-unit connecting portion 10a, which is a portion to which a fixed portion 41 of a vibrating unit 40 to be described later is engaged.

The die unit 20 can serve to mold the to-be-molded article 2 in press working. Particularly, in press working, it also serves to fix the to-be-molded article 2 in deep-drawing processing, and cooperates with a punch unit 30 to be described later to form the to-be-molded article 2 into a product shape.

To this end, the die unit 20 may provide an upper die 22, a lower die 21.

The lower die 21 may be provided on the lower side of the body frame 10 as a portion on which the molded article 2 is seated.

The lower die 21 may be formed with a machining hole H into which the punch unit 30 can be inserted. The processing hole H may be formed differently depending on the shape of the product to be formed.

The upper die 22 may serve to press and fix the to-be-molded article 2 placed on the lower die 21. That is, the upper die 22 moves in close contact with the lower die 21 in which the workpiece 2 is seated, so that the workpiece 2 can be fixed.

Here, it is preferable that the pressure that the upper die 22 presses in the direction of the lower die 21 is pressurized so as to withstand the pressure at the time of deep drawing by the punch unit 30.

That is, when one side of the molded article 2 fixed by the upper die 22 is not fixed at the time of molding the product shape by the plastic deformation of the molded article 2, it is molded into an unintended shape This is because defective molding of the product occurs.

Particularly, the upper die 22 may be divided into a plurality of parts, which may be separately provided according to the shape of the product to be molded.

The punch unit 30 may function to cooperate with the die unit 20 to mold the to-be-molded article 2 into a product. That is, the punch unit 30 is capable of deep drawing the to-be-molded article 2 by being pressed into the processing hole H formed in the die unit 20.

To this end, the punch unit 30 may be provided at the lower end of the body frame 10 and may be provided with a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and depending on the shape of the product to be molded, the punch unit 30 may be provided on the upper and side portions of the body frame 10.

The vibrating unit 40 applies vibration to the die unit 20 to reduce the frictional force between the die unit 20 and the punch unit 30 and the to-be-molded article 2 during product molding, Height can play a role. For this purpose, the vibration unit 40 may include a fixing part 41, a vibrator 42, a booster 43, a contact part 44, and the like.

Here, by providing the vibration unit 40 fixed to the body frame 10, it is possible to provide a support point at the time of vibration addition, thereby preventing airborne vibration and maximizing the vibration energy.

In particular, a plurality of vibrating units 40 are provided at predetermined intervals in the die unit 20 to increase the effect of reducing the frictional force by adding a constant vibration to the entirety of the die unit 20. The description will be given later with reference to Figs. 2B and 3B.

That is, a plurality of the vibration units 40 may be provided at regular intervals in a direction parallel to the direction in which the punch unit 30 is pressed, or a plurality of the vibration units 40 may be provided at regular intervals in the vertical direction.

The effect of reducing the frictional force due to the addition of the vibration unit 40 can be seen in Table 1 below, which was conducted in accordance with the object 2 having the plated layer (EG, GI, GA, black resin or the like).

That is, although there is a difference depending on the kind of the plated layer, it can be seen that the coefficient of friction when vibration is applied is reduced to 1/10 level as compared with the coefficient of friction when there is no vibration.

division EG GI GA Black resin Non-vibration 0.1386 0.1988 0.1328 0.2245 Ultrasonic vibration (upper and lower) 0.0273 0.0233 0.0248 0.0264 Ultrasonic vibration (before and after) 0.0041 0.0107 0.0235 0.0105

This can be confirmed from the graph shown in Fig. 8 that the pumping load by the punch unit 30 at the time of ultrasonic vibration is reduced to half compared with the case where there is no ultrasonic vibration.

6 shows a state in which when the vibration unit 40 is horizontally coupled to the pressing direction of the punch unit 30 when the frequency of the vibrator 42 is 20 kHz, As a result of the expansion and contraction of the die unit 20, it is possible to reduce the frictional force by forming a certain gap between the molding 2 and the die unit 20 due to such expansion and contraction.

The fixing portion 41 is a portion of the vibration unit 40 fixed to the body frame 10 and has no amplitude of vibration caused by the vibrator 42. A detailed description thereof is shown in FIG. Will be described later.

The vibrator 42 is a part that generates vibration and can receive electrical energy and convert it into vibration energy.

That is, the vibrator 42 may be connected to an external power source to provide the piezoelectric element with vibration, or may be provided with vibration using magnetostriction.

The vibration frequency using the vibrator 42 generates a constant frequency of 14 kHz, 20 kHz or the like, and this frequency is generated at a frequency included in the vibration classified by the ultrasonic wave.

In other words, ultrasound means a wave in which a vibration of more than 200,000 times per second is generated at a rate of 20kHz or more per second, but even when the frequency is higher than 14kHz, ultrasound is commonly used.

The booster 43 may amplify the vibration generated in the upper vibrator 42. The booster 43 may be constructed by mechanical construction, and the booster 43 may be provided to amplify vibration by an electrical method based on the circuit configuration.

The contact unit 44 may transmit the vibration generated in the vibrator 42 to the die unit 20. The contact portion 44 may be provided in contact with the die unit 20 and may be provided in combination with the die unit 20 in order to reliably provide vibration to the die unit 20 .

In particular, as described later with reference to FIGS. 2B and 3B, the contact portions 44 are provided in the die unit 20 at regular intervals in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, so that the uniform vibration portions can effectively reduce the frictional force As shown in FIG.

FIG. 2B is a plan view showing the provision of a plurality of horizontally provided vibration units 40 of the deep drawing apparatus 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a plan view of the vertically provided deep drawing apparatus 1 of the present invention A plurality of vibration units 40 are provided.

2B and 3B, the vibration unit 40 of the deep drawing device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is mounted on the die unit (not shown) in a direction parallel to the direction in which the punch unit 30 is pressed 20, and a plurality of teeth may be provided on the outer surface of the die unit 20 at regular intervals.

The vibrating unit 40 of the deep drawing device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is arranged to contact the die unit 20 in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the punch unit 30 is pressed, And may be provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the die unit 20 at a predetermined interval.

That is, a plurality of vibration units 40 are provided in the die unit 20 at regular intervals, so that a constant vibration is applied to the entire die unit 20, thereby enhancing the effect of reducing the friction force.

In other words, when the vibration unit 40 is provided in a direction horizontal to the direction in which the punch unit 30 is pressed, the frictional force with the to-be-molded article 2 at the time of pressing the punch unit 30 So that the punch unit 30 can be easily introduced.

In this way, the product quality of the molded article 2 can be improved. The effect of reducing the frictional force is large when a constant vibration is applied to the entirety of the die unit 20, and the die unit 20 The vibration unit 40 is provided so that the contact portion 44 is engaged with the contact portion 44 at regular intervals.

Even when a plurality of vibrating units 40 are provided at regular intervals in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the vibrating unit 40 is pressed by the punching unit 30, the magnitude of the effect is not greater than the above-described horizontal direction, Can be expected.

Further, when the vibration unit 40 is provided in the vertical direction, it is possible to prevent the springback (which may occur at the time of molding) to coincide with the bending direction of the object 2 due to the deep drawing by the punch unit 30 there is an additional benefit of reducing spring back.

That is, the to-be-molded article 2 is bent in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the punch unit 30 is pressed. When vibration is applied by the vibration unit 40 in this direction, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > bending < / RTI >

5 is a front view of the vibration unit 40 of the deep drawing apparatus 1 according to the present invention, in which the position of the fixing unit corresponds to the amplitude graph of the vibration. Referring to FIG. 5, the vibration unit 40 of the device (1) is connected to the external power source and the electrical energy for containing the transducer 42 which converts the vibration energy further, the fixing section 41 (E / ρ) ^0.5 = f?, L = (? xn) / 2 +? / 4, n = 0, 1, 2, 3 ... Of the vibrator 42 by a distance of L calculated in the following equation.

Here, E is the elastic modulus of the vibrator 42, p is the density of the vibrator 42, f is the vibration frequency of the vibrator 42, and? Is the vibration wavelength of the vibrator 42. [

That is, the vibration unit 40 provides the fixed portion 41, which is a portion without amplitude, to the body frame 10, and acts as a supporting point, thereby providing more vibration energy, Can be controlled easily.

In other words, in the case of vibrational energy, it is the same as transmitting a certain wave by transmitting a force to a specific action. Like transmitting a force in the air, transmitting a force without a support point prevents the force from being transmitted .

This is a phenomenon that occurs when the action point and the support point are present on the same object. If the vibration unit 40 is supported only on the die unit 20, vibration energy can not be properly transmitted.

However, since the vibrating unit 40 of the present invention is supported by the body frame 10 and the point of action is provided to the die unit 20, it is possible to provide more vibration energy, It is.

The fixing unit 41, to which the vibration unit 40 and the body frame 10 are coupled, is fixed to the vibrator unit 40 so that an influence of vibration generated in the vibration unit 40 does not act on the body frame 10, It is preferable to provide a portion having no amplitude by the light source 42.

This can be derived from a specific formula. That is, it can be provided with a separation distance L provided by the following equation.

The speed C of the vibration wave can be determined by the elastic modulus and density of the vibrator 42. [ That is, it can be expressed by the equation C = (E / rho) ^0.5 . The speed C of the vibration wave can also be expressed by the formula of C = f? By the frequency and wavelength of the vibrator 42. [ As a result, the equation (E / ρ) ^0.5 = fλ can be established. Here, E is the elastic modulus of the vibrator 42, p is the density of the vibrator 42, f is the vibration frequency of the vibrator 42, and? Is the vibration wavelength of the vibrator 42. [

L = (lambda x n) / 2 + lambda / (lambda lambda lambda lambda lambda lambda lambda lambda lambda lambda lambda) 4, n = 0, 1, 2, 3 ... . That is, since the frequency provided by the fixing portion 41 forms a waveform such as a cosine wave, the portion without vibration becomes a value obtained by adding / subtracting? / 4 to the half wavelength? / 2.

1: deep drawing device 2: molded article
10: Body frame 20: Die unit
21: Lower die 22: Upper die
30: punch unit 40: vibration unit
41: fixing part 42: vibrator
43: Booster 44: Contact

Claims (4)

Body frame;
A die unit comprising a lower die on which an object is placed and an upper die pressed by the lower die to fix the object, wherein the die unit is provided on the body frame;
A punch unit inserted into the lower die and a machining hole formed in the upper die, the punch unit being provided in the body frame to press and form the molding; And
A vibrating unit provided with a contact portion contacting the die unit to give a constant vibration to the whole of the die unit and serving as a point of action;
/ RTI >
The vibrating unit includes: a vibrator connected to an external power source to convert electrical energy into vibrational energy;
Further comprising:
Wherein the fixing portion is provided at a position spaced apart from the vibrator by a distance L of the following equation.
(E /?) ^0.5 = f ?, L = (? Xn) / 2 +? / 4, n = 0, 1, 2, 3 ...
Here, E is the elastic modulus of the vibrator, p is the density of the vibrator, f is the oscillation frequency of the oscillator, lambda is the oscillation wavelength of the oscillator The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the vibrating unit is coupled to the body frame so as to be in contact with the die unit in a direction parallel to a direction in which the punch unit is pressed, and a plurality of the vibrating units are provided on the outer surface of the die unit at regular intervals. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the vibration unit is coupled to the body frame so as to contact the die unit in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the punch unit is pressed, and a plurality of the vibration units are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the die unit at regular intervals. delete

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