KR101510682B1 - Release detection apparatus for bolt and nut using washer - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a bolt and nut loosening state detecting device using a detachable washer having a spring, And a data analysis means for determining that the bolt and the nut have been released by the detection signal signal measured through the release detection means, to detect a released state of the bolt and the nut, The detachment detecting means includes a detachable washer including first and second bodies formed with first and second bolt grooves forming a bolt through hole through which a bolt body passes, A micro switch provided so as to be able to contact the body of the bolt passing through the bolt through-hole, and a spring for pressing the first and second bodies to open.
According to the present invention, the release state of the bolt and the nut can be detected and detected by the detachable washer and the microswitch, and the position of the bolt and the nut where the loosening occurs can also be accurately detected. Particularly, according to the present invention, the loosening state of the bolt and the nut at the portion where the naked eye is difficult to detect can be accurately detected at a remote place.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a release detecting apparatus for bolt and nut using washer,

The present invention relates to a bolt and nut loosening detection device using a spring-loaded detachable washer, and more particularly, to a bolt and nut loosening detection device using a detachable washer and a micro switch And a bolt and nut releasing position of the bolt and nut can be precisely detected.

In general, the finished products, which are assembled by assembling a plurality of parts, use bolts and nuts as joining means for assembling and joining between parts.

Such reliability of the bolt and nut tightness is a very important part in various industrial fields. If the reliability is not guaranteed, the malfunction of the system and the performance of the system may be problematic.

For example, many parts are used for railway vehicles, and a large number of bolts and nuts are used for connection between parts. In the railway sector, the part where the mechanical fastening takes place is the part for the bogie, and the effective detection of the unbuckling condition for various mechanical fastening of the bogie is directly related to the safety of the bogie and the maintenance efficiency. That is, for the safe operation of the railway vehicle, the initial connection state of the bolts and the nuts should be maintained without releasing the connection state.

However, due to factors such as vibration during the operation of the railway vehicle, the connection state between the bolts and the nuts at the connection parts between the parts can not be maintained at the initial state, and the bolts and nuts And a series of confirmation tasks are performed to confirm the state directly with the naked eye and to touch with the hand.

Of course, in order to solve such a problem, in order to visually confirm the loosened state of the bolt nut at the time of factory shipment for the finished product currently shipped from the factory, as shown in Fig. 1, between the bolt 1 and the nut 2 The color mark 3 is added.

  Such a method of confirming the loosening state of the bolts 1 and the nuts 2 can be visually confirmed, but it is difficult to add the color mark 3 to the parts which are hard to be visually recognized, Even if the mark (3) is added, it is often difficult to perform visual inspection at the time of maintenance work.

Also, if the product is operated for a long period of time after shipment from the factory, the marked color mark (3) to avoid loosening of the bolt (1) and nut (2) due to various pollutants such as dust or oil, It is impossible to confirm the loosened state of the bolt 1 and the nut 2 with the naked eye.

In order to overcome such a problem, the loosening state of the bolt 1 and the nut 2 is confirmed by using a hammer (hammer) in a method used in parallel with the current color mark, but this requires a high degree of proficiency The accuracy is lowered and it is also difficult to accurately locate the loosening position of the bolt (1) and the nut (2).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for detecting the state of a bolt and a nut used for assembling a finished product of a railway car or the like using a detachable washer and a micro switch, And an object of the present invention is to provide a detachment state detecting device for a bolt and a nut by using a detachable washer having a spring.

In addition, the present invention detects a release state of a bolt and a nut by using a detachable washer and a micro switch, collects the detected signal, and separates the washer equipped with a spring so as to facilitate the management of the history according to the position of the bolt and the nut. And an object thereof is to provide a bolt and nut loosening state detecting device.

In order to solve such a technical problem,

And a data analyzing means for determining that the bolt and the nut have been released by the detection signal measured through the release detecting means, and a releasing state detecting means for detecting a released state of the bolt and the nut, In the apparatus, the release detecting means includes a detachable washer comprising first and second bodies formed with first and second bolt grooves forming a bolt through hole through which a bolt body passes, And a spring for pressing the first and second bodies so as to open the bolt through the bolt through the bolt through the bolt through hole. And a releasing state detecting device for the nut.

In this case, when the other ends of the first and second bodies are not in contact with each other, the microswitch intercepts the detection signal output to the data analyzing means.

The first and second bodies are separated from each other by the washer support pin.

At this time, one end of the washer support pin is integrally fixed to the first body, and a guide hole for moving the washer support pin is formed on the second body.

The first body is provided with a first support for fixing one end of the spring, and the second body is provided with a second support for fixing the other end of the spring.

In addition, first and second supports are provided on the side surfaces of the first and second bodies to fix both ends of the spring, one end of the washer support pin is integrally fixed to the first support, A guide hole through which the washer support pin is guided is formed.

The data analyzing unit determines that the bolts and nuts are loosened when the detection signal is not input from the loosening detecting unit, and generates the abnormal information and transmits the abnormal information to the central server of the remote location.

In this case, the data analyzing means receives the detection signal from the plurality of release detecting means, and the abnormal information includes the position data of the release detecting means.

The data analyzing means includes: A signal input unit for receiving a detection signal from the release detecting unit; and a control unit for generating an abnormal information including positional data of the release detecting unit when it is determined that the bolt and nut have been released when the detection signal is not input through the signal input unit And a wireless communication unit for wirelessly transmitting the abnormal information generated by the comparison control unit.

At this time, the abnormal information transmitted through the wireless communication unit is wirelessly received by the repeater and transmitted to the central server.

According to the present invention, it is possible to determine whether a bolt and a nut are loosened by using a detachable washer and a micro switch by breaking the conventional state of a bolt and a nut by visual inspection or the like, can do. Particularly, according to the present invention, the loosened state of the bolt and the nut at the portion which is hard to be visually detected can be accurately detected.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately detect an abnormal point in maintenance by transmitting abnormality information due to loosening of a bolt and a nut from a central server and managing it in a control room in a comprehensive manner, thereby achieving economical efficiency such as shortening time for maintenance It is also possible to manage the position of each bolt and nut.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing an addition state of a color mark for detecting a released state of a conventional bolt and nut. FIG.
FIG. 2 is an installation view of a release detecting means including a detachable washer and a micro switch according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state before the fastening of the release detecting means including the detachable washer and the micro switch according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state before the fastening detecting means including the detachable washer and the micro switch according to the embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a control block diagram of a bolt and nut loosening state detecting device using a detachable washer equipped with a spring according to the present invention.
6 is a detailed block diagram of the data analyzing means of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state before the fastening of the release detecting means including the detachable washer and the micro switch according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a state before the fastening of the release detecting means including the detachable washer and the micro switch according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bolt and a nut of a detachable washer according to the present invention;

Prior to this, terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms, and the inventor should appropriately interpret the concepts of the terms appropriately It should be interpreted in accordance with the meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that it can be defined.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the technical ideas of the present invention are described. Therefore, It should be understood that various equivalents and modifications may be present.

2 to 6, the detachment state detecting device for a bolt and a nut using a detachable washer having a spring according to the present invention includes a bolt 20 for fastening the fastening object 10 and a fastening state of the nut 30 It can be detected more scientifically by information technology without performing visual inspection and sound inspection using a hammer.

Particularly, in the case of the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 which are difficult to visually recognize, the detection of the released state is performed by information technology, and the position of the bolts 20 and the nuts 30, Can be accurately detected.

The detachment state detecting device for a bolt and a nut using the detachable washer according to the present invention employs a system capable of automatically detecting the state of engagement between the bolt 20 and the nut 30, A plurality of loosening detecting means 100 for detecting the loosened state of the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 and measuring the loosened state of the bolts 20 and the nuts 30, And data analyzing means 200 for analyzing the detection signal to determine whether the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 are loosened.

The release detecting means 100 includes a micro switch 120 on the detachable washer 110 and a bolt 20 for pressing the detachable washer 110 when the bolt 20 and the nut 30 are unfastened. And the nut 30 are loosened and the detachable washer 110 is opened by the elastic force of the spring 130 so that the detection signal of the micro switch 120 is shut off. Is monitored.

The data analyzing means 200 analyzes the sensed signal measured by the decoupling detecting means 100 and generates abnormal information including the position data of the detecting means when it is determined that the unlocking has occurred, 300).

The abnormal information collected and stored in the central server 300 is stored in a database and managed as maintenance data.

Hereinafter, the constitution of each part of the present invention will be described in detail.

First, the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 are tightly fastened in a screw-type manner, and the release detecting means 100 senses the loosened state of the bolts 20 and the nuts 30.

The first and second bolt grooves 113a and 113b are formed at the center of the bolt through hole 113 to allow the body 21 of the bolt 20 to pass therethrough. A detachable washer 110 made up of a second body 111 and a second body 112 and a bolt 20 provided in the second body 112 so as to be able to contact the body 21 of the bolt 20 passing through the bolt through hole 113 And a spring 130 for pressing the micro switch 120 and the first and second bodies 111 and 112 to open.

At this time, the body 21 of the bolt 20 is fastened to the nut 30 through the bolt through-hole 113 formed at the center of the detachable washer 110 composed of the first and second bodies 111 and 112 The head 22 of the bolt 20 presses the surfaces of the first and second bodies 111 and 112 of the detachable washer 110 and fixes them integrally.

More specifically, the detachable washer 110 is composed of first and second bodies 111 and 112, which are formed in a shape in which a washer having a circular bolt through- The first and second bodies 111 and 112 are prevented from being separated by the washer support pin 114.

One end of the washer support pin 114 is integrally formed with the first body 111 and a guide hole 115 is formed in the second body 112. The washer support pin 114 is guided by a guide And moves along the hole 115.

 At this time, at least one or more than one of the washer support pins 114 and the guide holes 115 are provided in the first and second bodies 111 and 112 to stably guide the first and second bodies 111 and 112 .

The first body 111 has a first support 116 for fixing one end of the spring 130 and a second support 116 for fixing the other end of the spring 130 to the second body 112. [ 2 supporting table 117 is provided.

In this case, when the first and second bodies 111 and 112 are brought into contact with each other by installing the second support 117 on the guide hole 115 of the second body 112, when the spring 130 is compressed, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 115 < / RTI >

At least one spring 130 is installed on the first body 111 to increase the compressive force of the spring 130 so that the bolts 20 and the nut 30 are loosened The first and second bodies 111 and 112 can be quickly separated so that the fastened state can be detected quickly.

When the micro switch 120 is installed in the second body 112 so that the first and second bodies 111 and 112 are in contact with each other and the micro switch 120 is installed on the body 21 of the bolt 20 It can be determined that the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 are firmly fastened to each other by generating a sensing signal and when the first and second bodies 111 and 112 are opened to be in a noncontact state The microswitch 120 may determine that the measurement of the sensing signal is interrupted and the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 are in a released state.

At this time, the sensing signal of the micro switch 120 is output to the data analysis unit 200.

The first and second bodies 111 and 112 are brought into contact with each other so that the microswitch 120 is inserted into the body 20 of the bolt 20, The sensing signal measured by the micro switch 120 is continuously input to the data analysis means 200. When the bolts 20 and the nut 30 are loosened, The micro switch 120 and the body 112 of the bolt 21 are not in contact with each other as the first and second bodies 111 and 112 are opened so that the flow of electricity is blocked thereby preventing the monitoring signal from being input to the data analysis means 200 do.

The micro switch 120 is mounted on the first body 112 of the detachable washer 110 but may be mounted on the first body 111. [

The sensed signal measured by the relief detecting means 100 is input to the data analyzing means 200.

Since the data analyzing means 200 receives the sensing signal from the plurality of sensing means 100, it stores the position data of the sensing means 100 for discrimination. And transmits the abnormal information including the positional data of the release detecting means 100 to the central server 300 of the remote location.

More specifically, the data analysis unit 200 includes a signal input unit 210 receiving a detection signal from a plurality of release detection units 100, and a signal input unit 210 receiving a detection signal through the signal input unit 210, And a wireless communication unit 230 for wirelessly transmitting the abnormal information generated by the comparison control unit 220. The wireless communication unit 230 wirelessly transmits the abnormal information generated by the comparison control unit 220 .

In this case, the data analyzing means 200 receives the detection signals from the plurality of unloading detecting means 100, and the central server 300 also receives the abnormal information from the plurality of data analyzing means 200.

The data analyzing means 200 transmits the abnormal information to the repeater 400 functioning as a connection unit of the central server 300 and the repeater 400 transmits the abnormal information received from the plurality of data analyzing means 200 To the central server 300 at the remote site.

The wireless communication unit 230 may include a short-range communication module such as Bluetooth or ZigBee capable of short-range communication, and may be a known gateway functioning as a gateway for performing data communication with the central server 300. [ The relay device 400 transmits the abnormal information to the central server 300 at the remote site.

Of course, the central server 300 may further include a wireless transceiver (not shown) to replace the function of the repeater 400. [

The data analysis unit 200 may transmit the abnormal information to the central server 300 in real time if there is no input of the detection signal from the release detection unit 100.

The central server 300 collects and records the abnormality information related to the released state of the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 generated by the plurality of data analysis means 200, It is possible to accurately determine the loosened state of the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 and to accurately detect the position of the abnormal state and to manage the history of each module in accordance with the accurate position detection.

7 and 8 are views showing another example of the release detecting means 100 according to the present invention. The release detecting means 100 includes the washer 110, the micro switch 120 and the spring 130, but the structure and the installation form of the washer 110 and the spring 130 are modified.

That is, the first and second supports 116 and 117 are provided on the sides of the first and second bodies 111 and 112 constituting the washer 110, and both ends of the spring 130 such as a coil spring are fixed.

The first and second bodies 111 and 112 can be quickly separated by the compression force of the spring 130 when the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 are loosened. In this case, the first and second support rods 116 and 117 and the spring 130 are preferably installed on both sides of the first and second bodies 111 and 112.

One end of the washer support pin 114 is integrally fixed to the first support 116 of the first body 111 and the second support 117 of the second body 112 is fixed to the second support 117 of the second body 112, And the washer support pin 114 is moved along the guide hole 117a.

 At this time, the washer support pin 114 and the guide hole 117a are formed on both sides of the first and second bodies 111 and 112 so that the first and second bodies 111 and 112 can be stably guided .

Accordingly, when the bolt 20 and the nut 30 are loosened, the spring 130 presses the first and second bodies 111 and 112 to open the micro switch 120 and the body 112 of the bolt 21 It is possible to determine that the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 are in a released state because the monitoring signal is not inputted to the data analysis means 200 because the electric current is blocked.

Hereinafter, an operation example of a bolt and nut loosening state detecting device using a detachable washer equipped with a spring according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8. FIG.

When the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 are fastened to each other to assemble the parts for assembly of finished products such as railroad cars, a loosening detecting means 100 is provided between the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 to detect the loosened state Install it.

That is, when the detachable washer 110 with the micro switch 120 is inserted into the bolt 20 and the other ends of the first and second bodies 111 and 112 of the detachable washer 110 are pressed to be in contact with each other, (30) to the bolt (20).

At this time, the release detecting means 100 is essential for installing and monitoring the bolts 20 and the nuts 30, which are important for the operation or use of the finished product.

The plurality of loosening detecting means 100 is connected to the data analyzing means 200 and receives the detection signal by the detachable washer 110 and the micro switch 120 installed between the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 do.

The data analyzing means 200 determines whether the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 are loosened according to the presence or absence of a sensing signal input. When the bolt 20 and the nut 30 are in the monitoring state through the loosening detecting means 100 and the detection signal is not inputted by the loosening detecting means 100, the loosening of the bolt 20 and the nut 30 occurs And generates abnormal information including the positional data of the release detecting means 100 and transmits the abnormal information to the central server 300.

Accordingly, the central server 300 can accurately confirm whether the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 are loosened or not and their positions.

Particularly, it is possible to accurately detect the loosened state of the bolt 20 and the nut 30 at the portion where the detection is visually difficult.

In addition, the data analysis means 200 transmits information on the unloading state of the bolts 20 and the nuts 30 to the central server 300, so that comprehensive and efficient management of information is possible.

Especially, since it is possible to accurately detect an abnormal point in maintenance of the finished product, economic efficiency such as shortening time for maintenance can be achieved and it is advantageous to manage the history according to the position of each bolt (20) nut (30).

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

10: fastening object 20: bolt
30: Nut 100: Release detecting means
110: detachable washer 120: micro switch
130: spring 200: data analysis means
210: signal input unit 220: comparison control unit
230: wireless communication unit 300: central server
400: repeater

Claims (10)

And a data analysis means for determining that the bolt and the nut have been released by the detection signal signal measured through the release detection means, to detect a released state of the bolt and the nut, In the apparatus,
The detachment detecting means includes a detachable washer having first and second bodies formed with first and second bolt grooves forming a bolt through hole through which a bolt body passes, And a spring for pressing the first and second bodies to open the bolt and the nut using the detachable washer having the spring. State detecting device.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the microswitch interrupts the sensing signal output to the data analyzing means when the other end of the first body and the second body are not in contact with each other, using the separated washer.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first and second bodies are prevented from being separated by a washer support pin.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein one end of the washer support pin is integrally fixed to the first body and a guide hole through which the washer support pin moves is formed in the second body. State detecting device.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first body is provided with a first support for fixing one end of the spring and the second body is provided with a second support for fixing the other end of the spring to the second body. A bolt and nut loosening condition detector.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein one end of the washer support pin is integrally fixed to the first support and the second support is integrally fixed to the first support and the second support is integrally fixed to the first and second supports, And a guide hole for guiding the washer support pin is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the bolt and the nut.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the data analyzing unit determines that the bolt and the nut are loosened when the detection signal is not input from the loosening detecting unit and generates the abnormal information and transmits the abnormal information to the central server of the remote location. A bolt and nut loosening condition detector.
8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the data analyzing means receives a sense signal from a plurality of release detecting means and the abnormal information includes position data of the release detecting means. Device.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the data analysis means comprises:
A signal input unit for receiving a detection signal from the release detecting unit; and a control unit for generating an abnormal information including positional data of the release detecting unit when it is determined that the bolt and nut have been released when the detection signal is not input through the signal input unit And a wireless communication unit for wirelessly transmitting the abnormality information generated by the comparison control unit. The apparatus for detecting the released state of a bolt and a nut using the detachable washer.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the abnormality information transmitted through the wireless communication unit is wirelessly received by a repeater and transmitted to a central server.

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