KR101504652B1 - Mobile terminal and method for changing display mode based on the device wobbles thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a mobile terminal including a sensing unit for sensing a shake of the mobile terminal, a controller for determining whether the screen is corrected by determining the strength and duration of the shake, and a display unit for changing and displaying the screen, And a screen automatic correction method according to the shaking of the mobile terminal.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a mobile terminal and a method for automatically correcting a screen according to shaking of a mobile terminal,

The present invention relates to a mobile terminal, and more particularly, to a method of automatically increasing a readability by automatically correcting a screen display method according to a screen shake in the mobile terminal.

A terminal such as a personal computer, a notebook computer, or a mobile phone has various functions, for example, a multimedia device having a complex function such as photographing or photographing of a moving picture, reproduction of music or a moving picture file, (Multimedia player).

The terminal can move And may be divided into a mobile terminal and a stationary terminal depending on whether the mobile terminal is a mobile terminal or a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal can be divided into a handheld terminal and a vehicle mount terminal according to whether the user can directly carry the mobile terminal.

In order to support and enhance the functionality of the terminal, it is contemplated to improve the structural and / or software portion of the terminal.

Due to the nature of the mobile terminal, the user often watches the screen while moving. However, there are many cases where it is difficult to identify the contents of the screen due to shaking due to movement.

In addition, in this case, there is an inconvenience that the fonts or the like must be enlarged or enlarged every time in order to improve the readability of the screen.

The present invention provides a mobile terminal capable of automatically adjusting a size of a font or an image displayed on a screen in response to a shake of a screen of the mobile terminal, and a method of automatically correcting a screen according to shaking in the mobile terminal.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mobile terminal comprising: a sensing unit for sensing a shake of a mobile terminal; a controller for determining whether the screen is corrected by determining strength and duration of the shake; and a display unit for changing and displaying the screen, Is provided.

Here, at least one of the gyroscope sensor, the acceleration sensor, and the compass sensor may be used as the sensing unit.

Here, the controller may determine whether to calibrate the screen by calculating an average vibration value for a preset time on the basis of the time when the shaking exceeding a predetermined threshold strength is recognized.

Here, the controller may determine whether or not the screen is corrected by counting the number of times of occurrence of the shaking more than a predetermined threshold strength within a predetermined time.

Here, the controller may change the corrected screen to the state before the correction if the shaking does not occur over a predetermined threshold strength for a predetermined time after the screen is corrected.

Here, the screen correction may change the size of the text font displayed on the screen.

Here, the screen correction may be to enlarge and display the image displayed on the screen.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of automatically correcting a screen according to a shake of a mobile terminal, the method comprising: recognizing a shake greater than a predetermined threshold strength; determining a type of a screen to be corrected; And a step of changing and displaying the correction target screen according to a method of automatically correcting a screen according to a shake.

Here, the automatic screen correction method according to the shaking motion of the mobile terminal may further include a step of re-changing the correction target screen to a state before the change, when there is no fluctuation of the threshold strength for a preset time after the change of the correction target screen .

The step of selecting the correction method may include a step of increasing the size of the text font when the type of the correction target screen is text and enlarging and displaying the image when the type of the correction target screen is an image Lt; / RTI >

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a recording medium on which a program for executing the above-described automatic screen correction method is recorded and read by the mobile terminal.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a mobile terminal capable of correcting readability by largely adjusting a font of a screen to be automatically displayed even when the readability of the screen is lowered due to shaking of the screen of the mobile terminal while the mobile terminal is moving, The automatic screen correction method according to the present invention is provided.

1 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal to which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied.
2 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a mobile terminal to which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied;
3 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method of automatically correcting a screen according to a shake of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

While the present invention has been described in connection with certain exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and similarities. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, numerals (e.g., first, second, etc.) used in the description of the present invention are merely an identifier for distinguishing one component from another.

Also, in this specification, when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" with another element, the element may be directly connected or directly connected to the other element, It should be understood that, unless an opposite description is present, it may be connected or connected via another element in the middle.

Hereinafter, a mobile terminal related to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The suffix "module" and " part "for the components used in the following description are given or mixed in consideration of ease of specification, and do not have their own meaning or role.

The mobile terminal described in this specification may include a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistants), a PMP (Portable Multimedia Player), navigation and the like.

1 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a mobile terminal to which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied.

The mobile terminal 100 includes a wireless communication unit 110, an audio / video input unit 120, a user input unit 130, a sensing unit 140, an output unit 150, a memory unit 160, A controller 170, a controller 180, a power supply 190, and the like. The components shown in FIG. 1 are not essential, and a mobile terminal having more or fewer components may be implemented.

Hereinafter, the components will be described in order.

The wireless communication unit 110 may include one or more modules for enabling wireless communication between the mobile terminal 100 and the wireless communication system or between the mobile terminal 100 and the network in which the mobile terminal 100 is located. For example, the wireless communication unit 110 may include a broadcast receiving module 111, a mobile communication module 112, a wireless Internet module 113, a short range communication module 114, and a location information module 115 .

The broadcast receiving module 111 receives broadcast signals and / or broadcast related information from an external broadcast management server through a broadcast channel.

The broadcast channel may include a satellite channel and a terrestrial channel. The broadcast management server may refer to a server for generating and transmitting broadcast signals and / or broadcast related information, or a server for receiving broadcast signals and / or broadcast related information generated by the broadcast management server and transmitting the generated broadcast signals and / or broadcast related information. The broadcast signal may include a TV broadcast signal, a radio broadcast signal, a data broadcast signal, and a broadcast signal in which a data broadcast signal is combined with a TV broadcast signal or a radio broadcast signal.

The broadcast-related information may refer to a broadcast channel, a broadcast program, or information related to a broadcast service provider. The broadcast-related information may also be provided through a mobile communication network. In this case, it may be received by the mobile communication module 112.

The broadcast-related information may exist in various forms. For example, an EPG (Electronic Program Guide) of DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) or an ESG (Electronic Service Guide) of Digital Video Broadcast-Handheld (DVB-H).

The broadcast receiving module 111 receives broadcasting signals using various broadcasting systems. In particular, the broadcasting receiving module 111 may be a Digital Multimedia Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DMB-T), a Digital Multimedia Broadcasting-Satellite (DMB-S) Only Digital Broadcast-Handheld (DVB-H), Integrated Services Digital Broadcast-Terrestrial (ISDB-T), and the like. Of course, the broadcast receiving module 111 may be adapted to other broadcasting systems that provide broadcast signals as well as the digital broadcasting system described above.

The broadcast signal and / or broadcast related information received through the broadcast receiving module 111 may be stored in the memory unit 160.

The mobile communication module 112 transmits and receives radio signals to at least one of a base station, an external terminal, and a server on a mobile communication network. The wireless signal may include various types of data depending on a voice call signal, a video call signal or a text / multimedia message transmission / reception.

The wireless Internet module 113 refers to a module for wireless Internet access, and the wireless Internet module 113 can be embedded in the mobile terminal 100 or externally. WLAN (Wi-Fi), Wibro (Wireless broadband), Wimax (World Interoperability for Microwave Access), HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) and the like can be used as wireless Internet technologies.

The short-range communication module 114 refers to a module for short-range communication. Bluetooth, RFID, IrDA, Ultra Wideband (UWB), ZigBee, Near Field Communication (NFC), and the like can be used as the short range communication technology.

The location information module 115 is a module for confirming or obtaining the location of the mobile terminal. A typical example of the location information module is a GPS (Global Position System) module. According to the current technology, the GPS module 115 calculates information on a distance (distance) from three or more satellites to one point (entity), information on the time when the distance information is measured, It is possible to calculate three-dimensional position information according to latitude, longitude, and altitude with respect to one point in one hour. Further, a method of calculating position and time information using three satellites and correcting the error of the calculated position and time information using another satellite is also used. The GPS module 115 continues to calculate the current position in real time and uses it to calculate speed information.

Referring to FIG. 1, an A / V (Audio / Video) input unit 120 is for inputting an audio signal or a video signal, and may include a camera 121 and a microphone 122. The camera 121 processes image frames such as still images or moving images obtained by the image sensor in the video communication mode or the photographing mode. The processed image frame can be displayed on the display unit 151. [

The image frame processed by the camera 121 may be stored in the memory unit 160 or may be transmitted to the outside through the wireless communication unit 110. [ The camera 121 may be equipped with two or more cameras according to the configuration of the terminal.

The microphone 122 receives an external sound signal through a microphone in a communication mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, or the like, and processes it as electrical voice data. The processed voice data can be converted into a form that can be transmitted to the mobile communication base station through the mobile communication module 112 when the voice data is in the call mode, and output. Various noise reduction algorithms may be implemented in the microphone 122 to remove noise generated in receiving an external sound signal.

The user input unit 130 is a user interface for receiving various commands from a user, and there is no particular limitation on the implementation method thereof. For example, the input unit 130 may include a plurality of operation units (see 131 and 132 in FIG. 2) as shown in FIG. 2, and these operation units may include a key pad, a touch pad Static pressure / static electricity), a wheel key, a jog switch, and the like.

In this case, the user input unit 130 may be integrated with the display unit 151, which will be described later, so that the display screen 151 is displayed on the display unit 151. In this case, May be implemented in a sort-f key manner through the entire surface of the memory card.

The sensing unit 140 senses the current state of the mobile terminal 100 such as the open / close state of the mobile terminal 100, the position of the mobile terminal 100, the presence or absence of user contact, the orientation of the mobile terminal, And generates a sensing signal for controlling the operation of the mobile terminal 100. For example, when the mobile terminal 100 is in the form of a slide phone, it is possible to sense whether the slide phone is opened or closed. In addition, it may be responsible for a sensing function related to whether the power supply unit 190 is powered on, whether the interface unit 170 is connected to an external device, and the like.

The sensing unit 140 senses the shaking motion of the mobile terminal 100 and informs the control unit 180 to detect a shaking motion. Specifically, the sensing unit 140 may measure the intensity of the shaking motion of the mobile terminal 100 and the duration of the shaking motion using a sensor capable of sensing motion. For example, the sensing unit 140 may sense the shaking of the mobile terminal 100 using a gyroscope sensor, an acceleration sensor, a gravity sensor, a compass sensor, or the like.

The output unit 150 may include a display unit 151, an audio output module 152, an alarm unit 153, a haptic module 154, and the like, for generating output related to visual, auditory, have.

The display unit 151 displays and outputs information processed by the mobile terminal 100. For example, when the mobile terminal is in the call mode, a UI (User Interface) or a GUI (Graphic User Interface) associated with a call is displayed. When the mobile terminal 100 is in the video communication mode or the photographing mode, the photographed and / or received video or UI and GUI are displayed.

The display unit 151 changes the display format of the content displayed on the screen in response to the screen correction instruction of the control unit 180, which will be described later. Specifically, upon receipt of the screen correction instruction, the display unit 151 changes the display format of the content according to the type of the content displayed on the screen. For example, if the content displayed on the screen is a text page, the size of the text font of the page can be increased. If the content displayed on the screen is an image file, the display magnification of the image file is increased, can do.

The text page that can change the size of the text font on the display unit 151 may be, for example, a text message window, a web page, a memo, a calendar, an address book, and the like. In addition, the size change of the text font can be applied to only one text page, and the font size can be configured to be changed for all the text pages displayed for a predetermined time.

The display unit 151 may be a liquid crystal display, a thin film transistor-liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, a flexible display, a three-dimensional display 3D display) or the like.

Some of the display portions 151 may be transparent or light transmissive so that the display portion 151 can see the outside through it. This may be referred to as a transparent display. A typical example of the transparent display is a transparent LCD or the like. The rear structure of the display unit 151 may also be of a light transmission type. With this structure, the user can see an object located behind the terminal body through the area occupied by the display unit 151 of the terminal body.

There may be two or more display units 151 according to the embodiment of the mobile terminal 100. [ For example, in the mobile terminal 100, a plurality of display portions may be spaced apart from one another or may be disposed integrally with each other, or may be disposed on different surfaces.

The display unit 151 is connected to a display unit 151 and a sensor for sensing a touch operation (hereinafter, referred to as 'touch sensor') having a mutual layer structure It can also be used as an input device. The touch sensor may have the form of, for example, a touch film, a touch sheet, a touch pad, or the like.

The touch sensor may be configured to convert a change in a pressure applied to a specific portion of the display unit 151 or a capacitance generated in a specific portion of the display unit 151 into an electrical input signal. The touch sensor can be configured to detect not only the position and area to be touched but also pressure and directionality at the time of touch.

If there is a touch input to the touch sensor, the corresponding signal (s) is sent to the touch controller. The touch controller processes the signal (s) and transmits the corresponding data to the controller 180. Thus, the control unit 180 can know which area of the display unit 151 is touched or the like.

At this time, the proximity sensor may be disposed in the inner region of the mobile terminal or in the vicinity of the touch screen, which is wrapped by the touch screen. The proximity sensor refers to a sensor that detects the presence of an object approaching a predetermined detection surface or an object existing in the vicinity of the detection surface without physical contact by using electromagnetic force or infrared rays. The proximity sensor has a longer life span than the contact sensor and its utilization is also high.

Examples of the proximity sensor include a transmission type photoelectric sensor, a direct reflection type photoelectric sensor, a mirror reflection type photoelectric sensor, a high frequency oscillation type proximity sensor, a capacitive proximity sensor, and a magnetic proximity sensor.

And to detect the proximity of the pointer by the change of the electric field along the proximity of the pointer when the touch screen is electrostatic. In this case, the touch screen (touch sensor) may be classified as a proximity sensor.

The proximity sensor detects a proximity touch and a proximity touch pattern (e.g., a proximity touch distance, a proximity touch direction, a proximity touch speed, a proximity touch time, a proximity touch position, a proximity touch movement state, and the like). Information corresponding to the detected proximity touch operation and the proximity touch pattern may be output on the touch screen.

The audio output module 152 may output audio data received from the wireless communication unit 110 or stored in the memory unit 160 in a call signal reception mode, a call mode or a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, a broadcast reception mode, The sound output module 152 may output an acoustic signal related to a function (e.g., a call signal reception sound, a message reception sound, etc.) performed in the mobile terminal 100. [ The audio output module 152 may include a receiver, a speaker, a buzzer, and the like.

The alarm unit 153 outputs a signal for notifying the occurrence of an event of the mobile terminal 100. Examples of events that occur in the mobile terminal include call signal reception, message reception, key signal input, touch input, and the like. The alarm unit 153 may output a signal for notifying the occurrence of an event in a form other than the video signal or the audio signal, for example, vibration. The video signal or the audio signal may also be output through the display unit 151 or the audio output module 152.

The haptic module 154 generates various tactile effects that the user can feel. A typical example of the haptic effect generated by the haptic module 154 is vibration. The intensity and pattern of the vibration generated by the hit module 154 can be controlled. For example, different vibrations may be synthesized and output or sequentially output.

In addition to the vibration, the haptic module 154 may be configured to perform various functions such as an effect of stimulation by a pin arrangement vertically moving with respect to a contact skin surface, an effect of stimulation by air spraying force or suction force through a jet opening or a suction opening, A variety of tactile effects such as an effect of stimulation through contact of an electrode, an effect of stimulation by an electrostatic force, and an effect of reproducing a cold sensation using a heat absorbing or exothermic element can be generated.

The haptic module 154 can transmit the tactile effect through the direct contact and can also be implemented to feel the tactile effect through the muscular sense of the user's finger or arm. The haptic module 154 may include two or more haptic modules 154 according to the configuration of the portable terminal 100.

The memory unit 160 may store a program for the operation of the controller 180 and may store input / output data (e.g., a phone book, a message, a still image, a moving picture, etc.). The memory unit 160 may store data related to vibration and sound of various patterns outputted when a touch is input on the touch screen.

The memory unit 160 may be a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a multimedia card micro type, a card type memory (for example, SD or XD memory) (Random Access Memory), SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), PROM A disk, and / or an optical disk. The mobile terminal 100 may operate in association with a web storage that performs a storage function of the memory unit 160 on the Internet.

The interface unit 170 serves as a path for communication with all external devices connected to the mobile terminal 100. The interface unit 170 receives data from an external device or receives power from the external device to transfer the data to each component in the mobile terminal 100 or to transmit data in the mobile terminal 100 to an external device. For example, a wired / wireless headset port, an external charger port, a wired / wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device having an identification module, an audio I / O port, A video input / output (I / O) port, an earphone port, and the like may be included in the interface unit 170.

The identification module is a chip for storing various information for authenticating the use right of the mobile terminal 100 and includes a user identification module (UIM), a subscriber identity module (SIM), a general user authentication module A Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM), and the like. Devices with identification modules (hereinafter referred to as "identification devices") can be manufactured in a smart card format. Accordingly, the identification device can be connected to the terminal 100 through the port.

The interface unit 170 may be a path through which power from the cradle is supplied to the mobile terminal 100 when the mobile terminal 100 is connected to an external cradle, May be a pathway to the mobile terminal. The various command signals or the power source input from the cradle may be operated as a signal for recognizing that the mobile terminal is correctly mounted on the cradle.

The control unit 180 typically controls the overall operation of the mobile terminal. For example, voice communication, data communication, video communication, and the like. The control unit 180 may include a multimedia module 181 for multimedia playback. The multimedia module 181 may be implemented in the control unit 180 or may be implemented separately from the control unit 180. [

The control unit 180 determines the strength and duration of the shaking using the shaking data of the mobile terminal 100 measured by the sensing unit 140. Specifically, the controller 180 calculates the intensity and duration of the shaking using the shaking data, and calculates an average vibration value for a predetermined time. In addition, the controller 180 may determine whether the screen is corrected based on the number of times the shaking has occurred over the threshold strength for a predetermined period of time. In addition, the controller 180 may determine whether the screen is corrected on the basis of the number of vibrations or the average vibration value that is greater than a threshold intensity occurring within a predetermined time based on a time when a shaking over a certain threshold intensity occurs.

After the screen is corrected by the screen correction determination, the control unit 180 can re-adjust the corrected screen to the original state if the shaking does not occur beyond the threshold strength for a predetermined period of time.

The control unit 180 can increase the font size of the text page as the screen correction method, and enlarge and display the image file.

The controller 180 may perform a pattern recognition process for recognizing handwriting input or drawing input performed on the touch screen as characters and images, respectively.

The power supply unit 190 receives external power and internal power under the control of the controller 180 and supplies power necessary for operation of the respective components.

The various embodiments described herein may be embodied in a recording medium readable by a computer or similar device using, for example, software, hardware, or a combination thereof.

According to a hardware implementation, the embodiments described herein may be implemented as application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays May be implemented using at least one of processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, and electrical units for performing functions. In some cases, And may be implemented by the control unit 180.

According to a software implementation, embodiments such as procedures or functions may be implemented with separate software modules that perform at least one function or operation. The software code may be implemented by a software application written in a suitable programming language. Also, the software codes may be stored in the memory unit 160 and executed by the control unit 180. [

3 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, a screen automatic correction method according to a shake of a mobile terminal Will be described.

3 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method of automatically correcting a screen according to a shake of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In step S310, the sensing unit 140 senses the shaking of the mobile terminal 100 through the sensor. The sensing unit 140 calculates the number of times that the shaking more than the threshold strength is generated for a predetermined time, and transmits the calculated number of times to the control unit 180.

Here, the threshold intensity is the reference intensity of the shake required to perform the screen correction. The threshold strength may be arbitrarily changed using a UI (User Interface) or a GUI (Graphical UI) provided on the system mobile terminal 100.

At this time, the UI screen for threshold intensity input may be configured such that the user can directly input a specific threshold strength value, but it may be configured so that the user can input the threshold strength more conveniently and intuitively. For example, it may be configured to select one of a plurality of predefined selection values, or to allow a user to directly determine the value by shaking the mobile terminal without expressing the threshold strength as a numerical value.

In step S320, the type of content displayed on the screen is checked for screen correction.

If the content displayed on the screen is a text page, the font size of the text page may be increased (S330). If the content is an image, the font may be enlarged and displayed on the screen (340).

In step S350, after the screen is changed, the screen correction can be continued according to the font size or the enlargement ratio changed for a predetermined period of time. If the shake of the mobile terminal 100 continues after the screen correction, the screen display is continued in the changed state.

In step S360, if there is no shake or the intensity of the shake does not exceed the threshold value for a predetermined period of time, the screen display format can be returned to the state before the screen correction.

With this configuration, even if the user uses the mobile terminal while walking or running, the user can automatically enlarge the font of the text displayed on the screen or display the enlarged image when the shake of the screen becomes more than a certain level, The screen readability can be increased. In addition, when the shaking of the screen is reduced to a normal state, the screen is displayed again according to the original display method, thereby maximizing the user's convenience.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following claims And changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

100: mobile terminal 120: A / V input unit
121: camera 140: sensing unit
151: display unit 180:

Claims (11)

A sensing unit for sensing a shake of the mobile terminal;
A controller for determining whether the screen is corrected by determining the intensity and duration of the shake; And
A display unit for changing and displaying a screen according to whether the screen is corrected,
, ≪ / RTI &
Wherein the controller determines whether or not to correct the screen by calculating an average vibration value for a predetermined time based on a time point at which a shake exceeding a predetermined threshold strength is recognized. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein at least one of a gyroscope sensor, an acceleration sensor, a gravity sensor, and a compass sensor is used as the sensing unit. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the controller changes the corrected screen to a state before the correction if the shaking does not occur over a predetermined threshold strength for a predetermined time after the screen is corrected. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the screen correction changes the size of the text font displayed on the screen. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the screen correction is to enlarge and display the image displayed on the screen. A method of automatically correcting a screen according to shaking of a mobile terminal,
Recognizing a shaking more than a predetermined threshold strength;
Calculating an average vibration value for a preset time period based on a time point at which a shaking exceeding a preset threshold strength is recognized to determine whether or not the screen is corrected;
Determining a type of a correction target screen and selecting a corresponding correction method; And
Changing and displaying the correction target screen according to the correction method;
Wherein the automatic correction method comprises: 9. The method of claim 8,
Further comprising the step of re-changing the correction target screen to a state before the change after the change of the correction target screen when there is no blur more than the threshold strength for a predetermined time,
A method of automatic correction of screen according to shaking. 9. The method of claim 8,
The method of claim 1,
When the type of the screen to be corrected is text, the size of the text font is increased,
And enlarging and displaying the image when the type of the correction target screen is an image,
A method of automatic correction of screen according to shaking. A recording medium on which a program for executing an automatic picture correction method according to any one of claims 8 to 10 is recorded and read by a mobile terminal.

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