KR101485939B1 - Method and device for controlling walking of robot - Google Patents
Method and device for controlling walking of robot Download PDFInfo
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- KR101485939B1 KR101485939B1 KR20140057827A KR20140057827A KR101485939B1 KR 101485939 B1 KR101485939 B1 KR 101485939B1 KR 20140057827 A KR20140057827 A KR 20140057827A KR 20140057827 A KR20140057827 A KR 20140057827A KR 101485939 B1 KR101485939 B1 KR 101485939B1
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- Prior art keywords
- robot
- walking
- slope
- angle
- controller
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005021 gait Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012636 effector Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J13/00—Controls for manipulators
- B25J13/08—Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/02—Sensing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1628—Programme controls characterised by the control loop
- B25J9/1633—Programme controls characterised by the control loop compliant, force, torque control, e.g. combined with position control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D57/00—Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground- engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track
- B62D57/02—Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground- engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track with ground-engaging propulsion means, e.g. walking members
- B62D57/032—Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground- engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track with ground-engaging propulsion means, e.g. walking members with alternately or sequentially lifted supporting base and legs; with alternately or sequentially lifted feet or skid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/08—Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S901/00—Robots
- Y10S901/01—Mobile robot
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
Abstract
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a robot control method and apparatus, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for controlling the walking of a robot on an inclined plane or an inclination change period (operation transition period).
In general, a four-legged walking robot that does not have visual information called a vision needs to generate a rotated foot path that coincides with the angle of the inclined surface only by the angle information obtained by the sensor in order to pass the inclined surface. Furthermore, in order for a quadruped robot to move smoothly from a flat surface to a sloped surface or from a sloping surface, it is necessary to perform a motion transition.
In order for the robot to move the slope, it is necessary to rotate the footprint at an angle of the slope. However, in most cases, the angle detected by the sensor attached to the robot is different from the angle of the actual slope, including the angle of the slope, as well as the motion of the robot's body or foot.
Accordingly, the inclined plane can not be walked with the turned footprint. In addition, in order to move the flat land from the flat land to the slope or the slope, it is very difficult for the robot to make the transition motion smooth without stopping the walking.
Related Prior Art Patent Publication No. 2009-0128766 (entitled " a walking robot and its control method, public date: December 16, 2009) is known.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a robot walking control method and apparatus that can smoothly perform a transition operation without stopping walking when the walking gradient changes.
The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problem (s), and another problem (s) not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.
The robot walking control method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of sensing an entrance of a slope of the robot through a sensor installed on the robot when the robot is walking; Bending the front leg of the robot gradually while maintaining the walking of the robot when the inclination of the robot is detected; And gradually moving the rear leg of the robot backward while maintaining the walking of the robot.
The step of detecting the inclination of the robot may include sensing the inclination of the robot in real time using a gyro sensor.
Wherein the sensing of the inclination of the robot includes calculating a pitch angle of the robot body by analyzing the attitude of the robot body through the sensed value of the gyro sensor; And comparing the calculated pitch angle with a preset reference pitch angle to detect entry of the slope of the robot.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a robot walking control method comprising: matching a degree of bending of a front leg of a robot with an inclination angle and storing the same in a memory mounted on the robot; And calculating an inclination angle of the slope based on a pitch angle of the robot body calculated through the sensor and an angle difference between a preset reference pitch angle, wherein the step of gradually bending the front leg of the robot comprises: Extracting a degree of bending of the robot front leg matching the inclined angle from the memory; And gradually bending the forelegs of the robot based on the extracted degree of bending.
The robot walking control method according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a step of matching the degree of the displacement of the robot rear leg by the angle of inclination and storing the same in the memory, and the step of gradually moving the rear leg of the robot backward Extracting a degree of displacement of the rear leg of the robot matching the inclined angle from the memory; And a step of gradually moving the rear leg of the robot backward based on the extracted moving displacement degree.
The robot walking control method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of: obtaining a force generated from the foot of the robot based on at least one of a mass, a damping ratio, and an intensity of the robot when walking on the slope; Generating a position offset based on a current foot position of the robot through impedance control using the obtained force; And correcting a walking trajectory on the slope using the generated position offset.
The step of generating the position offset may include calculating an impedance parameter including a damping ratio and a strength of the robot using a force generated from the foot of the robot according to a yaw angle and a roll angle of the robot body And generating the position offset by varying impedance control.
The step of correcting the gait locus on the slope may include applying a value obtained by differentiating the position offset twice to the gait locus of the robot to correct the gait locus on the slope.
The robot walking control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a sensor sensing unit for sensing the inclination of the robot through a sensor installed on the robot when the robot is walking; And a walking motion controller for gradually bending the front leg of the robot while gradually moving the robot, and gradually moving the rear leg of the robot backward when the inclination of the robot is detected.
The robot walking control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention obtains a force generated from the foot of the robot based on at least one of the mass, the damping ratio, and the strength of the robot at the time of walking on the slope, And an impedance controller for generating a position offset based on the current foot position of the robot through impedance control using the obtained force and correcting a walking trajectory on the slope using the generated position offset .
The details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method of moving the center of gravity of the robot body and the impedance control method are fused to gradually bend the front leg of the robot using a function, and at the same time, moving the rear leg backward, And the disturbance (inclined plane) can be overcome by using the impedance control.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the robot can stably and smoothly walk without needing to rotate the foot path on the inclined surface or the operation transition section.
1 and 2 are views showing an example of walking on an inclined surface of a robot according to the related art.
3 to 6 are flowcharts illustrating a robot walking control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 to FIG. 8 are diagrams showing examples of a walking posture of a robot walking on a slope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a flowchart illustrating a method of compensating a foot path on an inclined plane through impedance control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a diagram showing an example of compensating the foot path of the robot when disturbance occurs.
11 is a block diagram illustrating a robot walking control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and / or features of the present invention, and how to accomplish them, will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but is capable of many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, To fully disclose the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 and 2 are views showing an example of walking on an inclined surface of a robot according to the related art.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, when the robot tilts on an inclined surface, the robot on the inclined surface bends the front leg so that the center of gravity of the robot body exists in the front leg and the back leg.
Since the center of gravity of the robot body is located in the middle of the forelegs and hind legs, the robot can stably walk on the slope. However, a rotated foot path that always coincides with the angle of the inclined surface is required, otherwise the foot path is completely clogged with the inclined surface, and stable walking can not be performed.
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, at the time of walking on the slope of the robot, the robot on the inclined surface simultaneously moves the forelegs and the rear legs back so that the center of gravity of the robot body exists between the forelegs and the hind legs.
Since the center of gravity of the robot body is located in the middle of the forelegs and hind legs, the robot can stably walk on the slope. However, since there is a fear that the stride may be very small by moving both the forelegs and the hind legs in the direction opposite to the walking direction, as shown in Fig. 1, there is no need for a rotated foot path coinciding with the angle of the slope. The crowd follows.
Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, the two methods described above are fused so that the robot can stably walk on an inclined plane.
3 to 6 are flowcharts illustrating a robot walking control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. 7 to 8 are illustrations showing a walking posture of a robot walking on a slope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Particularly, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example where a transition section is naturally walked without stopping by a gait control at a portion where a flat surface and a slope meet, and FIG. 8 is a view showing an example in which a stable walking is performed through a gait control .
For reference, the robot walking control method may be performed by the robot
Referring to FIG. 3, in
Hereinafter, the
Referring to FIG. 4, in
Thereafter, in
Thereafter, in
As a result of the comparison, if the pitch angle P1 is larger than the reference pitch angle P2 (the "yes" direction of 440), the robot walking control device can detect the entry of the slope of the robot in
On the other hand, if the pitch angle P1 is less than or equal to the reference pitch angle P2 (the "no" direction of 440), the robot walking control device returns to
Referring again to FIG. 3, when the inclination of the robot is detected through the step 310 (Yes in step 320), in
Hereinafter, the
5, 7 and 8, in
Next, in
Next, in
Next, in
Referring again to FIG. 3, in
Hereinafter, the step (340) will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
Referring to FIGS. 6 to 8, in
Next, in
Next, in
In the present embodiment, the front legs are gradually bent when the robot enters the inclined surface, and the rear legs are gradually moved backward so that the center of gravity of the robot is positioned within the polygon generated by the connection of the front legs and the end effectors of the rear legs , It is possible to move the center of gravity of the robot on an inclined plane or a transition section (a flat plane on an inclined plane, or an inclined plane on a flat plane) so as to naturally and stably walk.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method of compensating a foot path on an inclined plane through impedance control according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a view illustrating an example of compensating a foot path of a robot when disturbance occurs to be.
As shown in FIG. 10, when the disturbance occurs, the robot walking control apparatus can compensate for the foot trajectory of the robot in consideration of disturbance. At this time, the robot walking control apparatus can compensate the foot trajectory of the robot using an impedance control method.
In this embodiment, the foot path of the robot can be compensated by considering the inclined plane as a disturbance as shown in Fig. In other words, as shown in the dotted arrows of the footprint in FIGS. 7 and 8, the footprint may not be fully generated.
In this case, in this embodiment, the foot trajectory on the inclined plane can be compensated in the same manner as in FIG.
That is, referring to FIG. 9, in
Next, in
That is, the robot walking control device calculates an impedance parameter including the damping ratio and the strength of the robot using a force generated from the foot of the robot according to a yaw angle and a roll angle of the robot body The position offset can be generated through impedance control which changes the position offset.
Next, in
That is, the robot walking control apparatus can correct the walking trajectory on the slope by applying a value obtained by differentiating the position offset twice to the walking trajectory of the robot. At this time, the robot walking control device can correct the walking trajectory on the inclined plane by adjusting the joint displacement of the robot through the position offset.
11 is a block diagram illustrating a robot walking control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
11, a robot
The
That is, the
When the inclination of the robot is detected, the
For this purpose, the
The
The
For this purpose, the
The
The
At this time, the
The
The
As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, by combining the method of moving the center of gravity of the robot body and the impedance control method, the forelegs of the robot are gradually bent by using the function and at the same time, the rear legs are moved backward, And the disturbance (slope) can be overcome by using the impedance control.
Thus, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the robot can stably and smoothly walk without needing to rotate the foot trajectory in the inclined plane or the motion transition section.
Embodiments of the present invention include computer readable media including program instructions for performing various computer implemented operations. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, local data files, local data structures, etc., alone or in combination. The media may be those specially designed and constructed for the present invention or may be those known to those skilled in the computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape, optical recording media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, magneto-optical media such as floppy disks, and ROMs, And hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute the same program instructions. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like.
While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be determined by the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, Modification is possible. Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should be understood only in accordance with the following claims, and all equivalents or equivalent variations thereof are included in the scope of the present invention.
1100: Robot walking control device
1110:
1120: Walking motion controller
1130: Impedance control section
1140:
Claims (10)
Acquiring a force generated from the foot of the robot based on at least one of a mass, a damping ratio, and an intensity of the robot when the inclination of the robot is detected;
Generating a position offset based on a current foot position of the robot through impedance control using the obtained force;
Correcting a walking locus on the inclined plane by adjusting a joint displacement of the robot using the generated position offset;
Bending the front leg of the robot gradually while maintaining the walking of the robot based on the corrected walking trajectory; And
A step of gradually moving the rear leg of the robot backward while maintaining the walking of the robot on the basis of the corrected walking trajectory
Lt; / RTI >
The step of gradually moving the rear leg of the robot backward
The center of gravity of the robot is positioned within a polygon generated by the connection of the front leg and the end effector of the hind leg so that the weight of the robot at the slope or transition section (slope -> flat, flat -> slope) Moving the center
And a controller for controlling the robot.
The step of sensing the inclination of the robot
Detecting a slope entrance of the robot in real time using a gyro sensor
And a controller for controlling the robot.
The step of sensing the inclination of the robot
Analyzing a posture of the robot body through a sensing value of the gyro sensor and calculating a pitch angle of the robot body; And
Comparing the calculated pitch angle with a predetermined reference pitch angle to detect the entry of the slope of the robot
And a controller for controlling the robot.
Matching the degree of bending of the front leg of the robot with the angle of inclination and storing the same in a memory mounted on the robot; And
Calculating a tilt angle of the inclined surface based on a pitch angle of the robot body calculated through the sensor and an angle difference between a preset reference pitch angle
Further comprising:
The step of gradually bending the front leg of the robot
Extracting a bending degree of the robot forele that matches the calculated tilt angle from the memory; And
Bending the front leg of the robot gradually based on the extracted degree of bending
And a controller for controlling the robot.
Matching the degree of movement displacement of the rear leg of the robot with the inclination angle and storing the same in the memory
Further comprising:
The step of gradually moving the rear leg of the robot backward
Extracting a degree of displacement of the rear leg of the robot matching the calculated inclination angle from the memory; And
A step of gradually moving the rear leg of the robot backward based on the extracted degree of the moving displacement
And a controller for controlling the robot.
The step of generating the position offset
The impedance of the robot is controlled by changing the impedance parameter including the damping ratio and the strength of the robot using a force generated from the foot of the robot according to a yaw angle and a roll angle of the robot body. Step of generating offset
And a controller for controlling the robot.
The step of correcting the walking locus on the inclined plane
Applying a value obtained by differentiating the position offset twice to a walking trajectory of the robot to correct a walking trajectory on the inclined surface
And a controller for controlling the robot.
Wherein when the inclination of the robot is detected, a force generated from the foot of the robot is acquired based on at least one of a mass, a damping ratio, and an intensity of the robot, An impedance controller for generating a position offset based on a current foot position of the robot and correcting a walking locus on the slope by adjusting a joint displacement of the robot using the generated position offset; And
And a step of gradually bending the front leg of the robot while maintaining the walking of the robot on the basis of the corrected gait locus and moving the back leg of the robot gradually backward while maintaining the gait of the robot based on the corrected gait locus The motion controller
Lt; / RTI >
The walking motion controller
The center of gravity of the robot is positioned within a polygon generated by the connection of the front leg and the end effector of the hind leg so that the weight of the robot at the slope or transition section (slope -> flat, flat -> slope) Thereby moving the center of gravity of the robot.
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KR20140057827A KR101485939B1 (en) | 2014-05-14 | 2014-05-14 | Method and device for controlling walking of robot |
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KR20140057827A KR101485939B1 (en) | 2014-05-14 | 2014-05-14 | Method and device for controlling walking of robot |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2536553A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-09-21 | Harris Corp | Unmanned ground vehicle stability control |
KR20180087521A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-08-02 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Method for controlling of walking robot having four legs |
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KR20030067023A (en) * | 2002-02-06 | 2003-08-14 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Walking control method for robot |
JP2011093093A (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2011-05-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Gait generation device of leg-type mobile robot |
KR20120137229A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-20 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Balancing control apparatus of robot and method for controlling the same |
JP2013237126A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-28 | Nsk Ltd | Device and method for generating gait data |
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2014
- 2014-05-14 KR KR20140057827A patent/KR101485939B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
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KR20030067023A (en) * | 2002-02-06 | 2003-08-14 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Walking control method for robot |
JP2011093093A (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2011-05-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Gait generation device of leg-type mobile robot |
KR20120137229A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-20 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Balancing control apparatus of robot and method for controlling the same |
JP2013237126A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-28 | Nsk Ltd | Device and method for generating gait data |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2536553A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-09-21 | Harris Corp | Unmanned ground vehicle stability control |
GB2536553B (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2018-12-12 | Harris Corp | Unmanned ground vehicle stability control |
KR20180087521A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-08-02 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Method for controlling of walking robot having four legs |
KR101908215B1 (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-10-16 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Method for controlling of walking robot having four legs |
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