KR101485504B1 - Cold Thermal Energy Storage PCM(Phase Change Material) Pack Added with Nucleator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a phase transition material pack comprising a nucleating agent and n-tetradecane. More specifically, the present invention relates to a process for producing a phase transition material, which comprises a body part sealed by adding a nucleating agent to a paraffinic hydrocarbon n-tetradecane which is an organic phase change material (PCM: Phase Change Material) and preventing the liquid- Lt; / RTI > In the case of the n-tetradecane phase transition material pack to which the nucleating agent is added, the freezing time is much shorter than that of the conventional phase transition material pack which does not contain the nucleating agent, and the cost competitiveness of the product is improved by reducing the power consumption. Also, when a large amount of the phase change material pack is frozen or when the same phase change material pack is reused, the reproducibility of freezing at the same temperature is significantly improved as compared with a conventional phase change material pack to which no nucleating agent is added.

Description

{Cold Thermal Energy Storage Phase Change Material (PCM) Pack Added with Nucleator}

The present invention relates to a phase transition material pack comprising a nucleating agent and n-tetradecane. More specifically, the present invention relates to a process for producing a phase transition material, which comprises a body part sealed by adding a nucleating agent to a paraffinic hydrocarbon n-tetradecane which is an organic phase change material (PCM: Phase Change Material) and preventing the liquid- Lt; / RTI > In the case of the n-tetradecane phase transition material pack to which the nucleating agent is added, the freezing time is much shorter than that of the conventional phase transition material pack which does not contain the nucleating agent, and the cost competitiveness of the product is improved by reducing the power consumption. Also, when a large amount of the phase change material pack is frozen or when the same phase change material pack is reused, the reproducibility of freezing at the same temperature is significantly improved as compared with a conventional phase change material pack to which no nucleating agent is added.

The 'cold chain', a low-temperature distribution system used to maintain the temperature of temperature-sensitive bioproducts and special medicines (hereinafter referred to as 'temperature-sensitive drugs'), is an 'active cold' Passive cold chain "using only insulated packaging consisting of a pack containing a heat insulating box and a phase transition material without using an external electrical and mechanical engine means. Respectively. The phase change material, which is a component of the heat-insulating packaging system used in the passive cold chain transportation and storage, is a latent heat, which is a phase change, generally a solid-liquid phase change, Thereby maintaining the temperature of the surroundings constant within a certain range based on the phase transition temperature. In general, phase transition materials are largely classified into PCMs other than water or water, and organic, inorganic, and eutectic PCMs.

Temperature-sensitive medicines are generally required to maintain a refrigerated storage temperature (2 to 8 ° C), which is classified by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP), when transporting, storing and handling cold chains, Tetradecane is mainly used. This is because the phase change temperature of n-tetradecane is 5 to 6 占 폚, so the temperature sensitive drug loaded in the heat insulating box is kept at a constant temperature even in the change of the external environment temperature.

In particular, vaccines, which are representative of temperature-sensitive drugs, can cause serious problems on the safety of patients related to the loss of medicines as well as economic problems due to the decrease and deterioration of efficacy due to high temperature and freezing. In other words, vaccine production from end-customers involved cold chain transportation, storage and handling of a controlled vaccine if the vaccine can be enough to achieve the effect of one dose, but due to the loss of cold due to the loss of vaccine in several major vaccination It has been the cause.

Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that all UN (United Nations) procurement departments create "Guidelines on the international packaging and shipping of vaccines" and include them in the bidding request's technical specifications and requirements. In particular, WHO categorized the vaccine into individual areas and specified the minimum and maximum allowable temperatures that could be exposed for at least 48 hours of international logistics transport time. Therefore, all vaccine producers must ensure that the packaging materials used meet the following criteria: ("Guidelines on the International Packaging and Shipping of Vaccines", 2005, WHO / IVB / 05.23.)

- Class A: Prior to packaging, vaccines should be kept within the storage temperature range as requested by the manufacturer, and ensure that the internal vaccine does not rise above + 8 ° C even after exposure to external temperature + 43 ° C for at least 48 hours during packaging. Insulation packing

- Class B: Prior to packaging, vaccines should be kept within the storage temperature range as requested by the manufacturer, and ensure that the internal vaccine does not rise above + 30 ° C even after exposure to external temperature + 43 ° C for at least 48 hours during packaging. Insulation packing

- Class C: Prior to packaging, vaccines must be kept within the storage temperature range as requested by the manufacturer and, if transported after packaging, exposed to an external temperature of + 43 ° C, the internal vaccine will rise above + 30 ° C for at least 48 hours Insulated packaging that prevents the internal vaccine from falling below + 2 ° C for at least 48 hours when exposed to an external temperature of 5 ° C

WHO classification and temperature standard for vaccine transport (for at least 48 hours) (℃) Flow Type of vaccine External temperature Minimum allowable temperature Maximum allowable temperature A OPV + 43 No limit +8


B


BCG
Hib (freeze drying)
Measles
MR
MMR
Meningococcal A & G
yellow fever


+ 43





No limit





+ 30






C



DTP
DTP-HepB
DTP-Hib (liquid phase)
DT
IPV
HepB
Hib (liquid)
Td
TT
+ 43


+ 2


+ 30


- 5



+ 2



+ 30

Table 1 above shows the classification of vaccines based on the thermal stability of each vaccine as a guideline for international logistics packaging.

Generally, one n-tetradecane phase transition material pack contains 400 to 1,900 g of n-tetradecane, and the prepared phase transition material pack is packed five times in one carton box for freezing. Packed carton boxes are also stacked at least three boxes depending on the size of the refrigerator or freezer / container when the load is large. Therefore, when the prepared n-tetradecane phase transition material packs are frozen, it takes a long time to completely freeze the phase change material packs in the box located in the middle of the stacked boxes, and power consumption is also excessively increased .

Korean Patent No. 758655 discloses a topical foreign body pack using water as a top-up foreign matter. However, a special medicine such as a vaccine has a loss of activity due to freezing at 0 ° C and, as described above, , There is a problem that the reproducibility of the freezing temperature is deteriorated.

KR 10-0758655 (Taps International) 2007. 09. 07.

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a phase change material pack which can use n-tetradecane as a phase change material,

Another object of the present invention is to provide a phase change material pack which has a short freezing time and hardly changes its outer shape due to its own weight.

The phase change material pack of the present invention, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object,

Stearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, eicosanol, myristic acid, palmitic acid, behenic acid, stearic acid amide, ethylenebisoleic acid amide, methylolbehenic acid amide, and N N-tetradecane comprising at least one selected nucleating agent selected from the group consisting of N-phenyl-N'-stearylurea,

And a body portion sealed to prevent the n-tetradecane from leaking to the outside.

Further, the phase change material pack of the present invention may further include an absorber accommodated in the main body portion and absorbing the n-tetradecane.

Further, the main body portion may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the absorber.

In addition, the main body may be formed with an injection part for injecting the n-tetradecane.

The injection unit may further include an opening / closing unit.

In addition, the absorber may comprise a plurality of absorbers, and the main body may be a cell to accommodate each of the absorbers.

In addition, the absorber may further include a stiffener for reinforcing the shape.

In addition, the weight ratio of the n-tetradecane: nucleating agent may be 60 to 99.9 wt%: 0.1 to 40 wt%, preferably 90 to 99.5 wt%: 0.5 to 10 wt%.

The n-tetradecane phase transition material pack to which the nucleophilic agent of the present invention is added has the advantage that the freezing time is much shorter than that of the conventional phase transition material pack to which the nucleating agent is not added and the price competitiveness of the product is improved through reduction of power consumption. Furthermore, since the reproducibility of the freezing time is improved, all the phase change material packs are frozen after a certain time, so that the user can freely transport, store and use the medicine. The phase change material pack according to the present invention may further include an absorber for a conventional phase change material pack which is difficult to have a certain shape due to the fluidity of a liquid material such as n-tetradecane, There is an advantage. In addition, since the phase change material pack according to the present invention further includes an absorber capable of maintaining a predetermined shape, it is advantageous in that it can be easily installed in a heat insulating packaging product or the like.

1 is a perspective view of a phase change material pack according to the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of the phase change material pack of FIG.
3A to 3C are process diagrams showing a process of manufacturing the phase change material pack of FIG.
4 and 5 are a perspective view and a plan view showing a state in which the phase change material pack of FIG. 1 is mounted on the heat insulation box.
6 is a perspective view showing a phase change material pack according to the present invention having a plurality of absorbers.
FIG. 7 is a photograph showing a method of confirming the degree of freezing of a phase foreign matter pack.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In the following description, numerous specific details, such as specific elements, are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it is to be understood that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details, It will be obvious to those who have knowledge of. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

The phase change material pack of the present invention is characterized by including n-tetradecane containing a nucleating agent and a main body for containing the n-tetradecane. As described above, n-tetradecane, which is a freezing point at which freezing does not occur due to freezing of water, is a top-level foreign substance for storing temperature-sensitive drugs. However, when n-tetradecane is injected into the phase change material pack, it has been pointed out that unnecessary time and cost are unnecessarily consumed for cooling. This is because, depending on the stacking position of the carton box, even if the carton box is the same carton box, depending on the stacking position of the upper and lower foreign object packs in the box This is because there is a considerable difference in freezing time.

Since the supercooling or subcooling phenomenon which is observed in a general inorganic substance phase foreign matter rarely occurs in the bulk n-tetradecane phase foreign material used in the passive cold chain insulation packing in the related art, the supercooling phenomenon in the bulk state is suppressed But does not add a nucleator that plays a role. However, U.S. Patent No. 5,456,852 discloses the use of nucleating agents to inhibit the supercooling phenomenon in the case of n-tetradecane, which is used as a core material of a microencapsulated phase-change foreign material, have. The above-mentioned supercooling means that the microencapsulated phase-change foreign matter core contains a very small amount of the phase transition material, which means that the freezing point is lower by about 10 to 25 ° C than the freezing point due to the reduction of the condensation nucleus, unlike in the bulk state.

Therefore, when the paraffinic hydrocarbon top-debris is used in a bulk state instead of being microencapsulated, no nucleating agent is added since the supercooling phenomenon is not considered.

The present invention is characterized in that the freezing time is shortened and the reproducibility is improved by adding a nucleating agent in spite of being in a microcapsulated state but in a bulk state.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a process for producing a polylactic acid composition comprising cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, eicosanol, myristic acid, palmitic acid, behenic acid, stearic acid amide, ethylenebisoleic acid amide, One or more nucleating agents are selected from the group consisting of methylolbehenic acid amide and N-phenyl-N'-stearylurea and mixed with the n-tetradecane .

The addition of such a nucleating agent facilitates the freezing initiation of n-tetradecane, shortening the freezing time, and furthermore, the advantage of the present invention that freezing is initiated at an accurate temperature and reproducibility is improved.

The phase change material pack according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the phase change material pack 10 according to the present invention includes n-tetradecane 300 containing a nucleating agent and n-tetradecane 300, (Not shown).

The n-tetradecane 300 is cooled or frozen by a freezing device (not shown), and functions to lower the temperature around the phase change material pack 10 accommodating the n-tetradecane 300.

The n-tetradecane (300) may be added with an additive such as n-decane, n-dodecane, or n-decane and n-dodecane for realizing a freezing point lowering function in addition to the nucleating agent.

In addition, the phase change material pack 10 of the present invention may further include an absorber 200 that absorbs n-tetradecane 300. The absorber 200 is a component for absorbing n-tetradecane 300 in a liquid state, and a material which can easily absorb n-tetradecane 300 is used.

As the material of the absorber 200, a nonwoven fabric, a porous member, a sponge or the like may be used, and it is preferable that the absorber 200 is formed in a block shape having a predetermined thickness so as to maintain a constant shape. Here, sponge refers to a sponge made of natural rubber or synthetic resin.

Conventional phase change material packs contain internal materials that form a liquid phase at room temperature. However, there is a problem in that the current phase shifts to one side due to its own weight in a fully defrosted state or in a partially defrosted state.

Particularly, when the phase-change material pack is cooled for reuse of the phase-change material pack, a part of the phase-change material is bulged due to the stacking state and the like, and when the phase-change material pack is used in an insulation box or the like, . Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, there is a problem that it is impossible to insert the phase change material pack into a narrow gap in the case of a heat insulation box having a double insulation structure.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the absorber 200 absorbs the n-tetradecane 300 having fluidity, thereby inhibiting the fluidity of the n-tetradecane 300, and depending on the loading state of the phase change material pack 10, It is possible to prevent the phenomenon of sagging to one side. Further, the absorber 200 can be processed into a rectangular parallelepiped or other various shapes, thereby making it possible to manufacture the phase change material pack 10 having various shapes. Meanwhile, the absorber 200 may further include a reinforcing material (not shown) such as a wire for reinforcing the shape.

Further, the absorber 200 may have a plurality of layers, and may have a plurality of layers. At this time, the absorber 300 constituting the plurality of layers may be composed of materials having different materials and properties.

The main body 100 is sealed to prevent the n-tetradecane 300 from leaking to the outside by receiving the n-tetradecane 300 itself or the absorber 200 in which the n-tetradecane 300 is absorbed .

The main body 100 is preferably made of a hard synthetic resin material having a fixed shape when the n-tetradecane 300 containing the nucleating agent is accommodated without the absorber 200.

When the main body 100 receives the absorber 200, it is configured to have a shape corresponding to the shape of the absorber 200. The material of the absorber 200 is a synthetic resin film such as nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, or vinyl do. Furthermore, by using a nonwoven fabric or the like outside thereof, it is preferable to prevent sticking of the upstream foreign material packs of the present invention to each other during freezing.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3C, the main body 100 may include an injection unit 130 to inject n-tetradecane 300 therein. At this time, the injection unit 130 may further include an opening / closing unit 131 such as a check valve or a lid for preventing the n-tetradecane 300 from flowing into the inside and draining to the outside. The injection unit 130 may be sealed after the n-tetradecane 300 is injected.

Meanwhile, the main body 100 is composed of a pair of membranes 110 and 120, and the rim portion can be sealed by thermal bonding or the like in a state where the absorber 200 is interposed.

The phase change material pack 10 according to the present invention having the above-described structure is frozen by a cooling device or the like, and then installed in a heat insulating box to cool the closed space. 4 is a perspective view showing a process of installing the phase change material pack 10 of the present invention between the inner box 20 and the outer box 30 and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which such installation is completed There is shown an embodiment of a system in which a sufficient space is ensured in the inner box 20 and both the heat insulation by the foamed material and the cold storage and heat by the phase foreign matter are provided together.

Meanwhile, the phase change material pack according to the present invention may include a plurality of absorbers 200 as shown in FIG. The plurality of absorbers 200 may be accommodated in one cell formed in the main body 100 or the main body 100 may be configured to form a plurality of cells 101 to accommodate the respective absorbers 200 have.

A method of manufacturing the phase change material pack having the above structure will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3C.

3A to 3C are process diagrams showing a process of manufacturing the phase change material pack of the present invention. Particularly a phase change material pack having an injection part 130 shown in FIG. 3C.

First, as shown in FIG. 3A, an absorber 200 having a nonwoven fabric, a porous member, a sponge or the like is processed to have a shape according to design or design purpose.

After the absorber 200 is processed, as shown in Fig. 3B, the main body 100 is sealed so that the n-tetradecane 300 does not leak to the outside in a state in which the absorber 200 is interposed, , The phase change material pack 10 is produced. When the absorber 200 does not absorb the n-tetradecane 300, the injection unit 130 for injecting the n-tetradecane 300 into the main body 100 may be formed.

3B, the main body 100 may include a pair of membranes 110 and 120, and may be sealed by thermal bonding or the like while the main body 100 is interposed therebetween .

Meanwhile, the phase change material pack 10 according to the present invention can be processed into a state in which the injection part 130 is formed without injecting n-tetradecane 300 according to the method of use. At this time, the user injects the n-tetradecane 300 through the injection unit 130, and then the injection unit 130 is sealed.

The phase change material pack 10 according to the present invention may be formed by injecting n-tetradecane 300 through an injection unit 130 and using it when the injection unit 130 is formed. The n-tetradecane 300 may be opened by opening the n-tetradecane 300 to the outside. At this time, by reducing the weight of n-tetradecane 300, there is a convenient advantage in storage.

In addition, the weight ratio of the n-tetradecane: nucleating agent may be 60 to 99.9 wt%: 0.1 to 40 wt%, preferably 90 to 99.5 wt%: 0.5 to 10 wt%. If the amount of nucleating agent is smaller than the above range, the advantage of the present invention such as shortening of freezing time and improvement of freezing reproducibility can not be sufficiently manifested. On the contrary, when the amount of nucleating agent is larger, May result in degradation of the insulation packaging system associated with the storage of sensitive products.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

Example

Example  One

After 13 g of myristic acid was completely dissolved in 987 g of n-tetradecane to prepare a solution having a weight ratio of 1.3 (wt / wt) to n-tetradecane, a nylon film containing a flexible polyurethane foam (PU Foam) 1000 g of the solution was poured. The purity of n-tetradecane used in the present invention is 98% or more and contains dodecane (? 0.5%), tridecane (? 1.0%), and pentadecane (? 0.5%). The opening and closing portions of the film were heated and fused by using a heat fusion machine (Packplaza, Korea), and one end of the heat fusion bonded part was partially opened to remove the air inside the phase change material pack as much as possible, And fused to produce a final phase change material pack.

Example  2

The procedure was the same as in Example 1 except that stearyl alcohol was used instead of styric acid.

Comparative Example

The same procedures as in Example 1 were carried out, and no sticky acid was added.

Test Example

Table 1 shows the results of freezing the samples of Example 1 and Comparative Examples for 24, 48 and 72 hours, and Table 2 shows the results of freezing the samples of Example 2 and Comparative Examples for 24, 48 and 72 hours.

As shown in FIG. 7, the degree of freezing of the phase change material pack is 'not frozen' when the phase-foreign material pack is completely bent as shown in A or B in FIG. 7 when one edge of the phase- And if the upper foreign matter pack is not bent at all, it is classified as 'steel'. The degree of freezing refers to a state in which the edges of the upper side foreign matter pack are frozen firmly but the central part is not frozen, and the degree of freezing 'about' indicates that only the surface is frozen.

The set temperature of the constant temperature chamber used for the freezing degree test was 5 ° C (the actual temperature in the chamber was 4.5 to 4.7 ° C), and the chamber was operated at the set temperature of 5 ° C before the test to stabilize the temperature inside the chamber. The actual temperature mapping test in the chamber was performed using the Data Logger (Madgetech, MicroTemp and Temp101A, USA), which is a temperature recorder with valid calibration and calibration period in Korea Instrumentation Research Association (KOLAS) The temperature inside the constant temperature chamber was continuously observed.

Number of floors Sample Lamination position Cooling time (hours) Degree of freezing




2nd stage Comparative Example
Top
24 about lower Do not freeze Example 1
Top River lower River Comparative Example
Top
48 River lower Do not freeze Example 1
Top River lower River Comparative Example
Top
72 River lower Do not freeze Example 1
Top River lower River







3rd stage Comparative Example

Top

24 about stop Do not freeze lower Do not freeze Example 1

Top River stop medium lower River Comparative Example

Top

48 River stop Do not freeze lower Do not freeze Example 1

Top River stop River lower River Comparative Example

Top

72 River stop Do not freeze lower Do not freeze Example 1

Top River stop River lower River

Number of floors Sample Lamination position Cooling time (hours) Degree of freezing




2nd stage Comparative Example
Top
24 about lower Do not freeze Example 2
Top River lower River Comparative Example
Top
48 River lower Do not freeze Example 2
Top River lower River Comparative Example
Top
72 River lower Do not freeze Example 2
Top River lower River







3rd stage Comparative Example

Top

24 about stop Do not freeze lower Do not freeze Example 2

Top River stop medium lower River Comparative Example

Top

48 River stop Do not freeze lower Do not freeze Example 2

Top River stop River lower River Comparative Example

Top

72 River stop Do not freeze lower Do not freeze Example 2

Top River stop River lower River

As can be seen from the results of the degree of freezing of Table 2 and Table 3, for the phase change material packs stacked in the center and the bottom in the two-stage and three-stage stacking, the freezing time of the embodiment is different by at least 48 hours , And these observations show that the small amount (1.3 wt%) added nucleating agent can significantly shorten the freezing time of n-tetraheptane as a freezing accelerator. The shortening of the freezing time of these phase change material packs is achieved by freezing the n-tetra-tertane, which is essential for most temperature sensitive biologics and specialty pharmaceutical passive cold chain insulation packages, which require transport and storage at refrigeration temperature (2 to 8 ° C) The required power consumption can be greatly reduced, and a great need will arise in developing and developing countries, especially where cold chain transportation and storage infrastructure and management systems are lacking.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, Of course it is possible. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the above-described embodiments, but should be determined by equivalents to the appended claims, as well as the following claims.

10: phase change material pack 20: inner box
30: outer box 100:
130: injection unit 131:
200: absorber 300: n-tetradecane

Claims (8)

Stearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, eicosanol, myristic acid, palmitic acid, behenic acid, stearic acid amide, ethylenebisoleic acid amide, methylolbehenic acid amide, and N N-tetradecane containing at least one selected nucleating agent in the group consisting of N-phenyl-N'-stearylurea, and
And a body sealed to receive the n-tetradecane and prevent leakage to the outside,
Wherein the weight ratio of the n-tetradecane: nucleating agent is 60 to 99.9 wt%: 0.1 to 40 wt%. The method according to claim 1,
And an absorber accommodated in the main body and absorbing the n-tetradecane. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the body portion has a shape corresponding to a shape of the absorber. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Wherein the main body portion is formed with an injection portion for injecting the n-tetradecane. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the injection unit is further provided with an opening / closing unit. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Wherein the absorber is constituted by a plurality of absorbers, and the main body part forms a cell and accommodates each of the absorbers. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Wherein the absorber further comprises a type reinforcement for shape reinforcement. delete

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