KR101481894B1 - Foward osmosis desalination unit easy cleaning filtration module - Google Patents

Foward osmosis desalination unit easy cleaning filtration module Download PDF

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KR101481894B1
KR101481894B1 KR20130061120A KR20130061120A KR101481894B1 KR 101481894 B1 KR101481894 B1 KR 101481894B1 KR 20130061120 A KR20130061120 A KR 20130061120A KR 20130061120 A KR20130061120 A KR 20130061120A KR 101481894 B1 KR101481894 B1 KR 101481894B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
filtration module
osmosis
induction
solution
supply unit
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KR20130061120A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20140140362A (en
Inventor
장암
김성민
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성균관대학교산학협력단
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Priority to KR20130061120A priority Critical patent/KR101481894B1/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/144—Wave energy

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for desalinating seawater by separating an inducing solute and fresh water from an induction solution by using a quasi-osmosis filtration module and waste heat of a ship, comprising: a reservoir capable of temporarily storing the induced solute; Osmosis filtration module, which is capable of facilitating cleaning of the osmosis filtration module without using additional energy by cleaning the osmosis filtration module using the osmosis filtration module.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an osmosis desalination unit easy cleaning filtration module for cleaning a filtration module,

The present invention relates to an apparatus for desalinating seawater by separating an inducing solute and fresh water from an induction solution by using a forward osmosis filtration module and waste heat of a ship, Osmosis desalination apparatus capable of adding a device to facilitate cleaning of the osmosis filtration module without using additional energy.

There is a technology to desalinate seawater. In the case of existing ship, there is a technology to evaporate seawater and desalinate using seawater. In this case, the waste heat generated from the ship is used as the heat source, but the boiling point of the water is lowered to facilitate the evaporation if the pressure is lowered or the vacuum state is made.

However, there is a disadvantage that additional cost is required to install the pressure reducing process, and energy supply is required to lower the pressure.

 In another desalination technique, there is a technique of desalination by passing seawater through a membrane through a membrane filtration reverse osmosis process at a pressure higher than osmotic pressure of seawater.

However, since a high pressure is required, a large amount of energy is consumed, and as the fouling phenomenon of the membrane progresses over time, there is a disadvantage that a higher pressure is required to produce the same flow rate. Accordingly, Physical and chemical cleaning is required, and the recovery rate of the reverse osmosis process is not as high as about 40 to 50%.

In another desalination technology, there is a positive osmosis desalination technology using the waste heat of a ship to minimize the energy used to produce freshwater.

Patent Document No. 2012-0095198 can be referred to regarding the osmosis desalination apparatus using ship waste heat. In this regard, referring to Fig. 1, the osmosis desalination apparatus using ship waste heat will be described.

In the osmosis filtration module 10, which is supplied with the induction solution having a concentration higher than the salt concentration of the seawater from the induction solution supply part 20, the seawater flowing through the osmosis membrane and the induction solution In this state, the freshwater in the seawater is moved from the seawater to the induction solution side through the osmosis membrane, and the induction solution flowing on the induction solution side is diluted so that an induction solution having a concentration lower than the concentration of the induction solution is generated do.

The diluted induction solution thus produced is supplied to the induction solution supply part 20 by a predetermined amount of the induction solution by the induction solution distribution part 50, and the remainder is supplied to the induction solute separation part 30.

In the induced solute separation unit 30, the supplied induction solution is separated into induced solute and fresh water by the heat supplied from the heat supply unit 400. The separated induced solute is again supplied to the induction solution supply unit 20, do.

The induction solution supply unit 20 supplied with the induction solution in the induction solution distributor 50 supplies the induction solution in which the induced solute supplied from the induction solute separation unit 30 is dissolved to the purified osmosis filtration module 100 do.

This technique of osmosis desalination using ship waste heat can extract fresh water from the seawater by the concentration difference without additional energy supply, and it is possible to produce fresh water with minimum energy by separating the induced solute and fresh water using the waste heat of the ship .

However, there is a disadvantage in that the forward osmosis process using the waste heat of the ship also causes a fouling phenomenon of the membrane over time, and thus it is necessary to periodically clean the membrane in order to produce the same fresh water irrespective of time . Further, the disadvantage of requiring additional energy and time for cleaning the film as described above remains.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a clean osmosis desalination apparatus that is physically cleaned by natural osmosis in cleaning of the osmosis filtration module and requires no additional energy and time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a purified osmosis desalination device capable of using fresh water generated from the osmosis desalination device itself and using fresh water without using a separate solvent for cleaning the filtration module.

In addition, it can be easily added to the existing osmosis desalination apparatus, thereby achieving a cleaning effect with high cost.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an osmosis filtration module comprising: a forward osmosis filtration module; An induction solution supply unit 200 for supplying an induction solution to the osmosis filtration module 100; An induction solute separation unit 300 for separating the induction solute and the fresh water from the induction solution supplied from the osmosis filtration module 100; And an induced solute reservoir (320) connected to the induced solute separator (300) to store the induced solute when the purified osmosis filtration module (100) is cleaned.

The purified osmosis desalination apparatus may further include a solvent supply unit 240 for supplying a solvent to the inductive solution supply unit 200 when the osmosis filtration module 100 is cleaned.

Preferably, the osmosis desalination apparatus supplies the fresh water to the inductive solution supply unit 200 when the osmosis filtration module 100 is cleaned.

Preferably, the osmosis desalination apparatus supplies the fresh water to the solvent supply unit 240 when the osmosis filtration module 100 is cleaned.

The purified osmotic desalination apparatus may further include a predetermined amount of the inductive solution supplied from the purified osmotic filtration module 100 to the inductive solute separation unit 300 and the remainder may be supplied to the inductive solution supply unit 200 And an induction solution distributor 500 for supplying the induction solution.

Preferably, the osmosis desalination apparatus includes a heat supply unit 400 for supplying heat to the induced solute separation unit 300, and the desalination unit is installed on a ship, Is supplied from the waste heat source.

The method for cleaning the filtration module in the osmosis desalination apparatus may further include the steps of: distributing the inductive solution from the osmotic filtration module 100 to the inductive solution supply unit 200 and the inductive solution separation unit 300; Storing the induced solute separated in the induced solute separation unit (300) in the induced solute reservoir (320); Supplying fresh water to the inductive solution supply unit 200; And supplying the inductive solution from the inductive solution supply unit 200 to the osmosis filtration module 100.

If the flux is reduced and cleaning of the osmosis filtration module is required, the induced solute separated from the induced solute separation part is temporarily stored in the induced solute reservoir, thereby stopping the supply of the induced solute to the induction solution supply part. As the concentration of inducing solution becomes equal to the salt concentration of seawater or becomes lower than the salt concentration of seawater, physical cleansing by natural osmosis occurs naturally and there is no additional energy consumption.

In addition, when the induction solute supply to the induction solution supply part is stopped, a solvent is added to the induction solution supply part to perform physical cleansing by natural osmosis as an induction solution having a concentration lower than the salt concentration of the seawater, .

Further, in the cleaning of the filtration module, fresh water separated from the induced solute separation part is supplied to the inductive solution supply part without supplying any solvent, so that natural cleansing by natural osmosis can be performed as an induction solution having a concentration lower than the salt concentration of seawater, Is high.

FIG. 1 illustrates a fresh water generation process in a conventional osmosis desalination apparatus.
FIG. 2 illustrates a filtration module cleaning process in the osmosis desalination apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 illustrates a desalination process after the filtration module is cleaned in the osmosis desalination apparatus according to the present invention.

The present invention discloses a hydro-osmosis desalination apparatus for cleaning a filtration module in a hydro-osmosis desalination apparatus using ship waste heat. However, this embodiment is merely intended to explain advantages, It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is applicable to processing and reuse processes.

In the present invention, the "positive osmotic action" of the positive osmosis filtration module means that when a positive osmosis membrane is placed between a low concentration solution and a high concentration solution, pure water in a low concentration solution is caused to flow through the osmosis membrane To the solution of the concentration.

In the present invention, the term " inducing solution "refers to a solution used for the positive osmosis effect, and when applied to desalination, a solute provided to a solvent for producing an inductive solution at a concentration higher than the salt concentration of seawater is referred to as an & .

In the present invention, "cleansing the osmosis filtration module" means that when a cleansing membrane is placed between an induction solution having a concentration lower than the salt concentration of seawater and seawater, fresh water in the inducing solution is caused to flow through the cleansing membrane Which means that it is possible to remove the fouling phenomenon of the osmosis membrane that can occur in the conventional desalination process by utilizing the movement toward higher concentration of seawater. That is, when the filtration module is cleaned, the flow of the fresh water in the osmosis membrane is reversed to the flow of fresh water in the osmosis membrane at the time of desalination, thereby removing the fouling phenomenon of the osmosis membrane.

In the present invention, the term "induction solution concentration" means that when a positive osmosis membrane is placed between an induction solution having a concentration lower than the salt concentration of seawater and seawater in the osmosis filtration module, fresh water in the induction solution is induced in the induction solution through the osmosis membrane And the concentration of the inducing solution is concentrated by moving to a higher concentration of seawater than the concentration of the solution.

In the present invention, "induction solution dilution" means that when a positive osmosis membrane is placed between an induction solution having a concentration higher than the salt concentration of seawater and seawater in the osmosis filtration module, the freshwater in the seawater is permeated through the osmosis membrane Which means that the induction solution is diluted by moving to a higher concentration of the induction solution.

1. Structure description

The present invention includes a normal osmosis filtration module 100, an inductive solution supply unit 200, an induced solute separation unit 300, and an induced solute reservoir 320.

In the osmosis filtration module 100, the induction solution is concentrated when the osmosis filtration module 100 is cleaned.

In the drawing, "FO" is an abbreviation of forward osmosis, and means a positive osmosis.

The induction solution supply unit 200 does not receive the induction solute in the induction solute separation unit 300 during the cleansing operation of the osmosis filtration module 100 and the fresh water or solvent supply unit 240 separated from the induction solute separation unit 300, And supplies an inductive solution having a concentration lower than the salt concentration of seawater to the osmosis filtration module 100. [

In the induced solute separation unit 300, the inductive solution supplied from the osmosis filtration module 100 is separated into an induction solute and a fresh water.

The induced solute reservoir 320 temporarily stores the induced solute separated from the induced solute separator 300 during the cleansing operation of the osmosis filtration module 100.

Specifically, the induction solute separated during the cleaning of the osmosis filtration module 100 is temporarily stored in the induction solute reservoir 320 and is not supplied to the induction solution supply unit 200.

Accordingly, the induction solution of the induction solution supply part 200 in the state where the induction solute is not added is again supplied to the positive osmosis filtration module 100 through the circulation process, Resulting in a low concentration of inducing solution.

As the induction solution of such low concentration passes through the osmosis filtration module 100, the induction solution is concentrated, and the fouling phenomenon of the osmosis membrane is removed, so that the physical cleaning is performed naturally, so there is no additional energy consumption.

The present invention may further include a solvent supply part 240 for supplying a solvent to the induction solution supply part 200 when cleaning the osmosis filtration module 100.

When the concentration of the inducing solution is lowered by storing the induced solute separated in the induced solute separator 300 in the induced solute reservoir 320, the induction solution having a concentration similar to the salt concentration of the seawater can be achieved. However, It is not effective for cleaning.

Therefore, in order to make the concentration of the inducing solution supplied from the inducing solution supplying part 200 lower than the salt concentration of the seawater, it is necessary to provide an additional solvent to the inducing solution as well as stop inducing the solute supply. Here the solvent can be fresh water. According to the present invention, a solvent supply part 240 for supplying a solvent to the induction solution supply part 200 may be added.

That is, by adding a solvent in the solvent supply unit 240, the cleaning effect of the osmosis filtration module 100 can be enhanced.

The present invention can supply fresh water separated by the induction solute separation unit 320 to the inductive solution supply unit 200 when cleaning the osmotic filtration module 100.

In order to lower the concentration of the inductive solution in the induction solution supply part 200 during the cleansing operation of the osmosis filtration module 100, fresh water separated from the induced solute separation part 300 may be supplied. Therefore, it is possible to reuse fresh water by washing the osmosis filtration module 100 using self-generated fresh water without supplying solvent from the outside.

The present invention can supply the fresh water separated from the induced solute separation part (300) to the solvent supply part (240) when cleaning the osmosis filtration module (100).

Fresh water separated from the induced solute separator 300 may be supplied to the solvent supply unit 240 and fresh water may be supplied to the induction solution supply unit 200 from the solvent supply unit 240 to which the fresh water is supplied. Therefore, the fresh water can be used for cleaning the osmotic filtration module 100 in a state where only the connecting means for supplying fresh water separated from the induced solute separation unit 300 to the existing solvent supply unit 240 is provided, have.

The present invention includes an inductive solution dispensing part 500 for supplying a predetermined amount of the inductive solution from the osmotic filtration module 100 to the induced solute separation part 300 and supplying the remainder to the inductive solution supply part 200 .

The induction solution distributor 500 supplies a predetermined amount of the induction solution concentrated in the induction solution concentrator 100 to the induction solution supply unit 200 in the osmotic filtration module 100 when cleaning the osmotic filtration module 100, (300).

Accordingly, the solvent is further supplied to the inductive solution supplied to the inductive solution supplying part 200 from the inductive solution dispensing part 500 during the cleaning of the osmosis filtration module 100 to be maintained as an induction solution having a concentration lower than the salt concentration of the seawater There is a need. Here the solvent can be fresh water.

The present invention may include a thermal supply unit 400 for supplying heat to the induced solute separation unit 300. The desalination unit may be installed on the ship and the thermal supply unit 400 may be supplied with waste heat have.

In one embodiment of the heat supply unit 400, a heat exchanger including a pipe may be installed where the ship waste heat is generated, thereby supplying heat to the induced solute separation unit 300. Specifically, the heat supply unit 400 including the piping positioned at the place where the waste heat of the ship is generated may be a heat exchanger, and such a heat exchanger may supply heat to the induced solute separation unit 300 using heated water . By these means, seawater can be desalinated using waste heat of ship without using any energy.

These examples are illustrative of the thermal cavity 300, and the thermal cavity 300 of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

2. Operation description

Referring to FIG. 2, the operation of the osmosis desalination apparatus during cleaning of the osmosis filtration module 100 will be described.

In the osmosis desalination apparatus, the inductive solution from the osmosis filtration module 100 is distributed to the inductive solution supply unit 200 and the inductive solution separation unit 300.

The induced solute separated from the induced solute separator 300 during the cleansing operation of the osmotic filtration module 100 is temporarily stored in the induced solute reservoir 320 without being supplied to the inductive solution supply unit 200. Thus, the inductive solution having the concentration not supplied with the induction solute to the induction solution supply unit 200 is supplied to the positive osmosis filtration module 100 again.

As a result, the concentration of the inductive solution supplied from the inductive solution supply unit 200 to the osmotic filtration module 100 becomes an inductive solution having a concentration similar to that of the sea water or a salt concentration lower than that of the sea water. The fouling phenomenon of the positive osmosis membrane can be removed.

The concentration of the inducing solution can not be effectively lowered only by the induced solute storage separated in the induced solute separation section 300. Therefore, in order to enhance the cleaning effect, fresh water is further supplied to the inductive solution supply unit 200 from the solvent supply unit 240 to lower the concentration of the inducing solution than the salt concentration of the seawater. In this situation, The fouling phenomenon of the film can be removed.

Fresh water supplied to the inductive solution supply unit 200 may be supplied with fresh water separated from the induced solute separation unit 300. The induction solute is temporarily stored in the induction solute reservoir 320 and only the separated fresh water is supplied to the induction solution supply unit 200 so that the concentration of the induction solution in the induction solution supply unit 200 becomes lower than the salt concentration of the seawater, The induction solution is concentrated in the osmosis filtration module 100, and the fouling phenomenon of the osmosis membrane can be removed.

The fresh water separated by the induced solute separation unit 300 may be supplied to the solvent supply unit 240 without being directly supplied to the induction solution supply unit 200. That is, the fresh water separated from the induced solute separation unit 300 is supplied to the solvent supply unit 240, and the solvent supply unit 240 supplies the supplied fresh water to the inductive solution supply unit 200 when cleaning the osmosis filtration module 100 .

Referring to FIG. 3, the desalination process of the osmosis desalination device after cleaning the osmosis filtration module 100 will be described.

The induced solute stored in the induction solute reservoir 320 is supplied again to the induction solution supply unit 200.

The induction solute separated from the induced solute separator 300 during the cleansing operation of the osmosis filtration module 100 is temporarily stored, but the induced solute separated at the desalination is supplied to the inductive solution supply unit 200, The inductive solution reservoir 320 may be connected to the induction solution supply unit 200 so that the induced solute stored in the induction solution supply unit 200 may be supplied to the induction solution supply unit 200, (200).

The induction solution supply unit 200 may include an induction solute supplement unit 220 that replenishes the induction solute and may be connected to the induction solution supply unit 200 through the induction solute supplement unit 220, Can be supplied.

An inductive solution having a concentration higher than the salt concentration of the seawater is required at the desalination, so that the diluted induction solution supplied to the induction solution supply unit 200 from the osmosis filtration module 100 must be supplemented with the induced solute. The induction solute replenishing unit 220 can replenish the induced solute if necessary in the inducing solution supplying unit 200 and further the induction solute stored in the induction solute reservoir 320 separated from the induced solute separating unit 300, And may be supplied to the inductive solution supplying unit 200 through the solute replenishing unit 220.

100: Fixed osmosis filtration module
200: induction solution supply part
220: solute supplement
240: solvent supply unit
300: Induced solute separation unit
320: Induced solute storage
340: Freshwater distribution part
400: Thermal treatment
500: induction solution distributor

Claims (7)

A normal osmosis filtration module 100;
An induction solution supply unit 200 for supplying an induction solution to the osmosis filtration module 100;
An induction solute separation unit 300 which is supplied with the induction solution from the osmosis filtration module 100 to separate the induction solute and the fresh water;
An induced solute reservoir (320) connected to the induced solute separation unit (300) to store the induced solute when the purified osmosis filtration module (100) is cleaned;
A solvent supply unit 240 for supplying a solvent to the inductive solution supply unit 200; And
An induction solution distributor (500) for supplying a predetermined amount of the induction solution from the osmosis filtration module (100) to the induced solute separator (300) and supplying the remainder to the induction solution supplier (200); / RTI >
The purified water separated from the induced solute separator 300 is supplied to the inductive solution supply unit 200 through the solvent supply unit 240 and then supplied to the inductive solution supply unit 200 200 is supplied to the purified osmosis filtration module 100 and then supplied to the inductive solution distributor 500 from the osmosis filtration module 100 and then supplied to the induced solute separator 300 Characterized in that the < RTI ID = 0.0 >
The osmosis desalination device for cleaning the filtration module.
delete delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The purified osmosis desalination apparatus includes a heat supply unit 400 for supplying heat to the induced solute separation unit 300,
Characterized in that the desalination apparatus is installed in a ship and waste heat of the ship is supplied to the thermal supply unit (400)
The osmosis desalination device for cleaning the filtration module.
A method of cleaning a filtration module in a hydro-osmosis desalination device according to claim 1,
Distributing the inductive solution to the inductive solution supply part (200) and the induced solute separation part (300) in the normal osmosis filtration module (100);
Storing the induced solute separated in the induced solute separation unit (300) in the induced solute reservoir (320);
Supplying fresh water to the inductive solution supply unit 200; And
And supplying the inductive solution from the inductive solution supply unit (200) to the osmosis filtration module (100).
A method for cleaning a filtration module in a cleansing desalination device.

KR20130061120A 2013-05-29 2013-05-29 Foward osmosis desalination unit easy cleaning filtration module KR101481894B1 (en)

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KR102251254B1 (en) * 2019-11-22 2021-05-11 세종대학교산학협력단 Intermittent forward osmosis method and osmosis device for wastewater treatment

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110030044A (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-23 대우조선해양 주식회사 The generating method and apparatus of fresh water
KR20120095198A (en) * 2011-02-18 2012-08-28 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 Sea water desalination system using waste heat from power plant
JP2012250200A (en) * 2011-06-06 2012-12-20 Hitachi Ltd Saline water conversion system using forward osmosis membrane

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110030044A (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-23 대우조선해양 주식회사 The generating method and apparatus of fresh water
KR20120095198A (en) * 2011-02-18 2012-08-28 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 Sea water desalination system using waste heat from power plant
JP2012250200A (en) * 2011-06-06 2012-12-20 Hitachi Ltd Saline water conversion system using forward osmosis membrane

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