KR101481671B1 - Stereoscopy Display Device Using Liquid Crystal Lens Electrically Driven - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display device having a liquid crystal field lens which varies the optical lens effect of a liquid crystal electric lens in accordance with movement information so that a stereoscopic image can be viewed regardless of a motion of a viewer, A liquid crystal display device comprising: a display panel; first and second substrates opposed to each other and defining a plurality of lens regions on the display panel; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; A liquid crystal electric field lens including a plurality of first electrodes formed on the first substrate and a second electrode formed on the second substrate and converting the two dimensional image into a three dimensional image and emitting the three dimensional image; A webcam for reading the movement of the observer, determining the degree of movement at the reference position, calculating the movement information, and receiving movement information from the webcam, And a controller for changing a voltage application sequence applied to the first electrode of the liquid crystal electric field lens in accordance with the movement of the observer.

Eye tracking, stereo display, liquid crystal field lens, 2D / 3D conversion, movement information

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display device using a liquid crystal lens,

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal electric field lens, and more particularly to a liquid crystal electric field lens which varies the optical lens effect of a liquid crystal electric field lens in accordance with movement information so that stereoscopic images can be viewed regardless of a motion of a viewer, .

The services that will be realized for speeding up the information to be constructed based on the high-speed information communication network today are multi-view and listen multi-functions such as the current telephone, centered on digital terminals that process characters, It is expected to evolve into a media-type service, ultimately becoming a real-space, three-dimensional stereoscopic information communication service that transcends time and space, realizes, feels and feels and feels in three dimensions.

In general, stereoscopic images representing three dimensions are made by the principle of stereoscopic vision through two eyes. Since the time difference of the two eyes, that is, the two eyes are separated by about 65 mm, The eyes see slightly different images. Thus, the difference in the image due to the positional difference between the two eyes is referred to as binocular disparity. The three-dimensional image display apparatus uses the binocular parallax to allow the left eye to see only the left eye image and the right eye to see only the right eye image.

In other words, the left and right eyes see different two-dimensional images, and when these two images are transmitted to the brain through the retina, the brain fuses them exactly to reproduce the depth sense and real feeling of the original three-dimensional image. This capability is generally referred to as stereography, and a device using the same as a display device is referred to as a stereoscopic display device.

The above-described technique for displaying three-dimensional stereoscopic images can be classified into a stereoscopic display system using a binocular parallax, and a volume measurement method of recognizing in volume units. Of these, in a stereoscopic display apparatus using a binocular parallax, a system having a lens effect by utilizing the electric field effect of a liquid crystal is referred to as a liquid crystal electric field lens.

That is, the lens controls the path of the incident light by using the difference in refractive index between the material constituting the lens and the air, by the position. In the liquid crystal layer, different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal layer depending on the positions of the electrodes, The incident light incident on the liquid crystal layer experiences a different phase change for each position, and as a result, the liquid crystal layer can control the path of the incident light like an actual lens.

Hereinafter, a conventional liquid crystal electric field lens will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a view showing a display state of each conventional stereoscopic display apparatus in each area.

1, the conventional stereoscopic display apparatus includes a display panel 12 for emitting a two-dimensional left eye image signal L, a right eye image signal R, and a display panel 12 on the display panel 12 And a parallax barrier 11 for selectively blocking or transmitting the left eye image signal L and the right eye image signal R, respectively.

Here, the barrier 11 has a slit and a barrier, and is located between the observer 15 and the display panel 12. The left eye image signal L and the right eye image signal R emitted from the display panel 12 are transmitted through the slit so as to reach the left and right eyes of the observer 15, The right eye image signal R is blocked and the left eye image signal L is blocked for the right eye.

In this case, the display panel 12 emits the left eye image signal L and the right eye image signal R from the left eye pixel and the right eye pixel, which are alternately arranged.

In the parallax barrier 11, when the observer 15 is at the normal position, the left eye image signal L and the right eye image signal R are displayed on the left and right eyes of the observer 15, respectively, A sufficient amount of parallax information is formed between the left eye image signal L and the right eye image signal R by receiving the signal L and the right eye image signal R so that the observer 15 can enjoy the three- . In this case, it is assumed that the observer 15 is located in the stereoscopic viewing area.

However, if the observer 15 is moved from the predetermined position to the right or to the left so that the position is shifted in the stereoscopic viewing area 15a, the light that should enter the left and right eyes of the observer is reflected by the parallax barrier 11, The display is disabled. In this case, it is assumed that the user is located in the inverse stereoscopic area. In this case, it is impossible to view the stereoscopic image (3D image).

When the parallax barrier 11 is provided, the display panel 12 uses the left-eye pixel signal and the right-eye pixel signal in half for the total number of pixels. When the display panel 12 is used for stereoscopic display, There is a problem that the resolution is reduced by half in the actual stereoscopic display as compared with the resolution of the display panel 12. [

Figs. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a method of stereoscopic / inverse stereoscopic conversion in a conventional stereoscopic display apparatus. Fig.

2A shows a state in which the left / right eye image signal L / R of the display panel 12 is inverted compared to FIG. 1 when the observer 15a moves to the inverse stereoscopic area. For example, And is used in the 2-view method in which two pixels of the display panel correspond to one lens area. In this case, the display panel 12 must have a separate driving unit for switching the video signals of the corresponding pixels. However, there is a concern that a speed delay may occur in the video display of the display panel by the provision of the separate driving unit. In this case, the light passing through and passing through the parallax barrier 11 is applied to the left eye image signal and the right eye image signal which are respectively modulated and emitted to the left eye and the right eye moved in the inverse stereo.

2B is a diagram showing a manner in which the parallax barrier 11a moves correspondingly to the movement of the observer 15a when the observer 15a moves to the inverse stereoscopic area. Similar to FIG. 2A, this method is also a 2-view method in which two pixels of the display panel correspond to one lens area. In this case, the parallax barrier 11a moves the parallax barrier 11a so that the left-eye image signal and the right-eye image signal transmitted through the slit correspond to the left and right eyes of the observer respectively.

The conventional stereoscopic display apparatus has the following problems.

First, in general, stereoscopic displays use the binocular disparity of a person, and the binocular disparity interval of a person corresponds to about 65 mm. Therefore, for example, when the stereoscopic display apparatus has a barrier such as a parallax barrier, the observer moves from the predetermined position to the right or to the left so that the position deviates from the binocular disparity interval and is displaced in the stereoscopic viewing region , The light to be incident on the left and right eyes of the observer is blocked by the barrier of the parallax barrier, and stereoscopic display becomes impossible. In this case, it is impossible to view the stereoscopic image (3D image).

Secondly, in the case of having a parallax barrier, the display panel uses the left-eye pixel signal and the right-eye pixel signal by dividing the total number of pixels by half thereof. When the display panel is used for stereoscopic display, There is a problem that the resolution is reduced by half in an actual stereoscopic display.

On the other hand, an alternative of moving the parallax barrier in consideration of the motion of the user has been considered. However, in this case, the problem that the resolution is reduced to half can not be solved.

In this case, it is necessary to change the driving circuit of the display panel. This adjustment is practically difficult. When the driving circuit is changed The speed may be reduced in the video display of the display panel.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal electric field lens in which an optical lens effect of a liquid crystal electric field lens is varied according to movement information, A display device is provided.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stereoscopic display apparatus including a liquid crystal field lens, including: a display panel that emits a two-dimensional image; a display panel on which a plurality of lens regions are defined, A liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; a plurality of first electrodes formed on the respective lens regions on the first substrate; and a second electrode formed on the second substrate, A liquid crystal field lens for converting the two-dimensional image into a three-dimensional image and outputting the three-dimensional image; and a webcam for reading the movement of the observer when the observer looks at the liquid crystal electric field lens, And a control unit that receives the movement information from the webcam and applies the voltage applied to the first electrode of the liquid crystal electric lens in accordance with the movement of the observer As there is the feature comprising an.

The control unit includes a coding control unit for receiving movement information from the web cam, a resistance array for generating different voltages corresponding to the plurality of first electrodes, And a coding unit for changing the voltage application order according to the information.

The liquid crystal electric field lens further includes a number of metal wirings corresponding to a multiple of a plurality of voltages output from the resistance array, and the metal wirings are formed in a direction across the first electrode.

Further, a black matrix layer is further formed on the first substrate at a position corresponding to the metal lines.

The first electrodes are electrically connected to metal wirings to which the same voltage is applied in each lens region.

Here, the coding unit adjusts the order of the voltages applied to the metal wirings according to the movement information provided from the web cam.

The stereoscopic display apparatus having the liquid crystal field lens of the present invention as described above has the following effects.

First, when 3D is implemented with 2 views, the stereoscopic vision area and the inverse stereoscopic vision area are 1: 1, and the area where stereoscopic images can be viewed is very narrow. In order to solve such a problem, the stereoscopic display apparatus of the present invention uses a liquid crystal electric field lens, not a barrier system, to take moving information as it is in correspondence with the movement of an observer even when using a multiview, By applying the voltage information to be applied to each electrode of the lens as shifted information, it becomes possible for the user to move to which position, and corresponding to the stereoscopic display.

Second, by using the eye tracking to track the motion of the pupil by using the web cam, it is not necessary to follow the motion of the observer and convert the stereoscopic image information itself in relation to the actual eye tracking, To change the optical lens effect on the liquid crystal electric field lens side. Therefore, when the time required for changing the image information is long, it is possible to prevent the projection of the stereoscopic image suited to the movement of the observation field from being impossible when the user moves faster, The time required for forming the optical lens can be reduced, and the stereoscopic image display can be appropriately adjusted in accordance with the movement of the observer.

Thirdly, the liquid crystal electric field lens can selectively output a two-dimensional image and a three-dimensional image to a display panel for projecting two-dimensional image information according to the voltage applied thereto. According to the user's choice, Can also be used.

Fourth, unlike the parallax barrier structure, it is possible to improve the resolution and the aperture ratio in accordance with the provision of the barrier by corresponding to the movement of the user by changing the position of the lens.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal field lens of the present invention and a stereoscopic display device using the same will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a block diagram showing a stereoscopic display device including the liquid crystal electric field lens of the present invention.

3, the stereoscopic display apparatus of the present invention includes a pair of substrates facing each other, a liquid crystal electric field lens 100 formed by applying a voltage to electrodes formed on the respective substrates, A control unit 200 for controlling a voltage applying sequence to be applied to the electrodes of the liquid crystal field lens 100 and a web cam 300 for reading the movement of the observer 400 and transmitting the information to the control unit.

The control unit 200 includes a coding control unit 210 connected to the web cap 300 to determine how far the observer 400 is from the normal position and to receive the movement information, A coding unit 220 for changing a condition of a voltage to be applied to the electrodes of the liquid crystal electric lens 100 and a resistance array 230 for generating a voltage at each electrode of the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 .

The web cam 300 may be attached to a display panel for displaying a two-dimensional image by following a movement change of the observer 400. The web cap 300 tracks in real time the motion of the pupil of the observer 400 or the movement of the head of the observer, calculates the movement of the pupil or head of the observer 400, And transmits it to the coding control unit 210 of the control unit 200.

Herein, the resistor array 230 receives the minimum voltage Vmin and the maximum voltage Vmax, distributes the voltage value between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage, and outputs the voltage value.

In the coding unit 220, for example, when four electrodes are formed in each lens area of the liquid crystal electric field lens 100, the four electrodes L1, L2, L3, and L4 are applied (V1, V2, V3, and V4) that are different from each other according to the movement information. If the number of the electrodes is n, the voltages corresponding to n are outputted from the resistance array 230, and in the coding unit 220, The position of the applied position is differently coded according to the information and transmitted to the liquid crystal electric lens 100.

That is, the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 is required to have n electrodes in order to realize a lens for each lens region, and thus n different voltage values are required. In this case, in the stereoscopic display apparatus according to the present invention, the position of the observer is read from the web cap 300, and when n is shifted to the right by "a" or to the left by "b" The electrode position to be applied is changed, and the lens shape corresponding to the movement position of the observer is projected to enable stereoscopic display.

Here, the liquid crystal electric field lens will be described in detail as follows.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a liquid crystal field lens according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I 'of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II' of FIG.

In the liquid crystal electric lens 100 of the stereoscopic display apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of n first electrodes 111 and 112 are formed in a unit lens area. Here, the plurality of first electrodes 111 and 112 are alternately formed in different layers.

The liquid crystal electric field lens 100 according to the present invention receives a two-dimensional image signal from the bottom and applies a voltage to each electrode to give an optical effect to the liquid crystal layer to make the optical path have a lens shape. As shown in Fig. In this case, the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 is located on a display panel (not shown) that realizes the two-dimensional array, and the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 will be described in detail as follows.

The display panel (not shown) is positioned below the liquid crystal field lens 100 and emits two-dimensional image information. A plurality of subpixels are formed in a matrix, and each subpixel has r , g, and b video signals are sequentially applied to the columns (coulmn).

As such a display panel, a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), a plasma display panel (PDP), a field emission display FED) or the like can be used.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 of the present invention includes first and second substrates 110 and 120, which are defined so as to correspond to a plurality of lens regions, A plurality of first electrodes 111 and 112 spaced apart from each other on the first substrate 110, a second electrode 121 formed on the entire surface of the second substrate 120, The metal wiring 133 connected to the voltage sources Vmin, V1, V2, ..., and Vmax that apply different voltages to the first and second substrates 110 and 112, And a liquid crystal layer 130 filled between the pixel electrodes 120.

The first electrodes 111 and 112 and the second electrode 121 are formed of a transparent metal such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), and the loss of transmittance . The first electrodes 111 and 112 are formed at positions alternating with each other with a second insulating film 113 interposed therebetween.

Here, the first electrodes 111 and 112 may be spaced apart from each other or may be formed by further narrowing or widening the distance from the center of the lens region L to be formed to an edge. In this case, a voltage value applied to each of the first electrodes 111 and 112 is applied as a value corresponding to a positive quadratic function increasing gradually from the center to the edge. In addition, the first electrodes 111 and 112 are formed in a long bar shape in one direction, and are shown in a longitudinally long shape in the drawing. In this case, the formed lens is made to have a parabolic optical path effect on each lens region L. [ That is, a plurality of parabolic lenses are formed in a horizontal shape.

A first alignment layer 115 is formed on the first electrodes 112 formed on the second insulating layer 113 and a second alignment layer 122 is formed on the second electrode 121, The liquid crystal alignment in the initial state before the voltage is applied to the first electrodes 111 and 112 and the second electrode 121 is controlled. At this time, the first and second alignment layers 115 and 122 are formed so that the rubbing direction of the first alignment layer 115 is the same as that of the first alignment layer 115 in order that the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 functions as a transparent layer in an initial state of voltage- The direction of the first electrode 111 may be the same as the direction of the first electrode 111 or the direction perpendicular to the direction of the first electrode 111, and the rubbing direction of the second alignment film 122 may be the direction intersecting therewith. Through the liquid crystal field lens 100, which is transmitted from the lower part through the voltage unattended visibility display panel (not shown), to the observer 400 as it is.

The lens region L described above is formed by repeating the shape shown in Fig. 4 in the transverse direction at a periodic pitch.

The width of each of the first electrodes 111 and 112 may be 2 to 10 탆 and the distance between the adjacent first electrodes 111 and 112 Is set to 2 to 10 mu m. For example, the pitch (width) of the lens region L can be variously varied from about 90 to 1000 탆. Depending on the width and spacing of the first electrodes 111 and 112, It can be formed from 10 to 100 or more. In this case, the widths and the spacing of the first electrodes 111 and 112 may be uniform. And have the same value in the range of the above-described numerical value of 2 to 10 mu m.

Although not shown, a seal pattern (not shown) is formed on the outer regions of the first and second substrates 110 and 120 (the non-display region including the pad portion) to form the first and second substrates 110 and 120 . The liquid crystal layer 130 between the first and second substrates 110 and 120 is formed to have a sufficient thickness to correspond to a thickness of about 15 mu m or more for forming a liquid crystal electric lens of a sufficient phase. 130 may be further formed with a ball spacer or a column spacer for supporting a cell gap between the first and second substrates 110, In this case, it is preferable that the included spacer is formed at a position that does not distort the phase of the liquid crystal electric field lens.

The metal interconnection 133 is formed on the lower side of the first electrodes 111 and the first insulating film 109 with a gap between the first electrodes 111 and 112, And is connected through a hole 135. In this case, the metal wiring 133 is connected to a voltage source to which a voltage is applied at an end portion. The voltage source includes a coding unit 220 that adjusts the order of the voltages V1, V2, V3, V4, ... generated by the resistance array 230 of the controller 200 according to the position of the observer, It is connected.

Here, the contact holes 135 may correspond to one first electrode 111 or 112, respectively. In some cases, the line resistance delay of the first electrode 111 or 112 may be considered So as to be connected to two or more lower metal wirings 133. In this case, the metal wiring 133 to which the same voltage is applied and the first electrode 111 or 112 are connected at a plurality of points.

The metal wires 133 are formed in a direction transverse to the first electrodes 111 and 112 so as to prevent optical crosstalk at portions where the metal wires 133 are formed, A black matrix layer (not shown) can be further formed. Alternatively, the metal wiring 133 may be formed of a light shielding metal to obtain the same effect. At least substantially the metal wirings 133 and the first electrodes 111 and 112 are connected to each other in a one-to-one correspondence, and in the case of a large panel depending on the case, two or more metal wirings 133 for applying the same voltage, And the first electrodes 111 and 112 may be connected at other positions.

The side to which the voltage is applied is as follows.

A first voltage having a minimum voltage Vmin substantially equal to the threshold voltage Vth is applied to the center O of the lens region L to be formed and the first voltage of the minimum voltage Vmin is applied to the edge portion E of the lens region L The n-th voltage having the largest maximum voltage Vmax is applied to the first electrodes 111 and 112. In this case, a voltage applied to the first electrodes 111 and 112 positioned between the center O and the edge E of the lens region L is a first voltage V1 corresponding to the threshold voltage of the lens region, (Vmin) to the n-th voltage (Vmax), and the voltage gradually increases as the distance from the center of the lens region (L) increases. When a voltage is applied to the plurality of first electrodes 111 and 112 as described above, a ground voltage is applied to the second electrode 121 so that the plurality of first electrodes 111 and 112, Thereby forming a vertical electric field between the electrodes 121.

The plurality of first electrodes 111 and 112 are formed in the lens region L to be symmetrical with respect to the edge portion E of the lens region. The first electrodes 111 and 112 are connected to corresponding voltage sources Vmin, V1, V2, V3, ..., and Vmax through the metal wires 133, and the corresponding voltages are applied.

(Δε는 액정 유전율 이방성, K1은 액정의 탄성 계수, ε₀은 자유공간 유전율)로 계산된다. 또한, 상기 렌즈 영역(L)의 에지(E)에 대응되어 제 1 전 극(111, 112)에 인가되는 전압 중 가장 큰 고전압은 약 2.5~10V를 피크값으로 하여 인가되는 교류 사각파이다. The first voltage Vmin corresponding to the smallest threshold voltage applied to the first electrodes 111 and 112 formed to correspond to the center O of the lens region L is about 1.4 to 2 V, peak value, and this threshold voltage Vmin)

(Δε is anisotropy of liquid crystal permittivity, K1 is elastic modulus of liquid crystal, and ε ₀ is free space permittivity). The highest voltage among the voltages applied to the first electrodes 111 and 112 corresponding to the edge E of the lens region L is an AC square wave having a peak value of about 2.5 to 10 V. [

On the other hand, a high voltage (2.5 to 10 V) is applied to a plurality of first electrodes 111 and 112 provided in the liquid crystal field lens 100 in the above-described threshold voltage (AC square wave having a peak value of 1.4 to 2 V) And when the ground voltage is applied to the second electrode 121, the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 functions as a lens similar to an optical lens of a parabolic surface.

In the figure, one lens region L of the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 corresponds to the width of two pixels P1 and P2 of a display panel (not shown) located below the liquid crystal electric field lens, A plurality of pixels may be formed corresponding to the one lens region L. [ Also, the lens regions L may be formed in a direction tilted at an angle with respect to the pixels, or may be formed in a stepped shape (the lens arrangement may be a (n + 1) th (Formed by being moved by a constant width on the pixel horizontal line side).

The lens region L is defined to have a width corresponding to one pitch, and the lens region L having the same pitch is periodically repeated in one direction (the lateral direction in FIG. 4). In this case, the pitch P means the width of one lens region L. The lens region does not have the same physical lens shape as the convex lens shown, And a region having one lens function. 4, the distance from the center O of the lens region L to the edge portion E of the lens region L is a distance P / 2, and the edge portion E of the lens region L ) To the center O of each lens region, a symmetrical voltage value is applied to the first electrodes 111 and 112.

5, the initial lens shape and the modified lens shape shown in the figure represent the shape of the lens corresponding to the normal position of the observer and the position at which the lens is moved, respectively, and each of the first electrodes 111, 112 ) Of the power supply voltage.

7 is a simplified circuit diagram showing a driving unit including a liquid crystal field lens according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, a control unit 200 for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal electric lens 100 of the present invention will now be described.

The resistance array unit 230 of the control unit 200 outputs a voltage corresponding to the number of electrodes to electrodes provided in one lens region L and supplies a minimum voltage Vmin and a maximum voltage Vmin from the outside And outputs a plurality of voltages (Vmin, V2, V3, ..., Vn-1, Vmax).

When the first electrodes 111 and 112 of the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 are divided into a plurality of fine electrode types for each lens region, the resistance array unit 230 generates a voltage to be applied to each fine electrode The resistance array unit 230 functioning as a voltage source supplies the maximum voltage Vmax and the minimum voltage application terminal Vmin and the respective voltage signals Vmax and Vmax for distributing the voltage signal between the maximum voltage Vmax and the minimum voltage Vmin. (R1, R2, ..., Rn-1) between the output terminals and the metal wiring (not shown) of the pad region of the fine electrode through the link portion from each voltage signal output terminal, And buffers (B1, B2, ..., Bn) for stabilizing and outputting signals at the ends of the voltage signal output terminals.

The voltage signals Vmin, V2, ..., Vmax output from the resistance array unit 230 are supplied to the n metal wirings L1, L2, L3 of the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 via the coding unit 220 V2, ..., Ln in accordance with the motion information of the observer 400 applied from the web camera 300. In the coding unit 220, the voltage signals Vmin, V2, ..., Vmax) to the corresponding metal wires at a voltage value corresponding to the liquid crystal electric field lens 100 moved to the position where the observer 400 moves.

The metal wiring 133 and the coding part 220 have contacts at the ends of the metal wiring 133.

In this case, the number of voltage signals output from the resistance array unit 230 corresponds to the number of fine electrodes positioned between the edge portion E and the center portion O of each lens region. In this case, the voltage signals output from the resistance array unit 230 correspond to the voltage signals corresponding to the positive and negative quadratic function types, with the center portion or the edge portion as the boundary, between the center portion and the edge portion of each lens region do.

The selection of the appropriate applied voltage is performed by taking, as an example, a table calculated according to the phase difference of the liquid crystal layer when the applied voltage is set to a predetermined power supply voltage, If the shape of the simulation to be implemented is similar to that of the electric field lens, the corresponding table is selected, and the voltage value for each electrode position of the lens region is calculated from the table.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the stereoscopic display apparatus of the present invention will be described.

8 is a diagram showing the light intensity in the stereoscopic display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the correspondence of observers when the lens is moved.

8 shows a stereoscopic display device implemented with two views. When it is assumed that right eye and left eye signals R and L are applied to the respective lens regions of the liquid crystal electric field lens 100, (L / 2) of the lens area when the stereoscopic body 400 is moved from the stereoscopic vision state to the inverse stereoscopic body 400b- > 400a, the voltage is applied to the electrodes 100 ' (L / 2).

In this case, in the stereoscopic vision, the left eye of the observer 400b corresponds to the left eye, the right eye corresponds to the right eye, and the 3D image can be perceived according to the binocular parallax. In this case, when the observer moves to the position of the inverse stereoscopic image 400a, the motion is read through the web camera 300 and the moved lens is applied to the plurality of first electrodes of the lens region corresponding to the moved lens The voltage is applied in order of shifted by L / 2 of the width of the lens area compared to the stereoscopic vision.

9 is a diagram showing the initial state and the change in lens shape upon lens movement in the stereoscopic displaying apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 9, the stereoscopic displaying apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention adjusts the degree of movement more finely compared with the above-described first embodiment, so that the eye- After the movement of the pupil is read and the corresponding movement information is transmitted, the lens shape 165a is shifted correspondingly to the movement of the observer in the lens shape 165 in the initial state, thereby showing the modulated lens shape 165a.

The second embodiment is not limited to the two views. In the stereoscopic display apparatus having the structures shown in Figs. 3 to 7, the voltage application position to the first electrodes 111 and 112 made of the fine division electrodes is shifted by the movement of the observer .

10 and 11 are simulation diagrams showing the electrode arrangement of the liquid crystal electric field lens of the present invention and the electric field effect when the voltage is applied.

10 shows fine divided electrodes corresponding to a substantial width in one lens area, in which a plurality of first electrodes 111 and 112 are formed in different layers.

11 shows the electric field shape when a voltage is applied to the plurality of first electrodes 111 and 112 and a voltage is applied to the opposing second electrode 121. The center of the graph shown in FIG. Wherein the edge of the graph corresponds to the edge of the area, the edge of the edge has the largest electric field intensity, the shortest optical path here serves as the edge of the liquid crystal field lens, Area. ≪ / RTI >

In the case of the liquid crystal electric field lens according to the present invention, when the observer moves in a predetermined direction, the movement is read from the web cam to change the application order of the voltages applied to the first electrodes 111 and 112, Direction can be formed.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.

1 is a view showing a conventional three-dimensional display device

Figs. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a method of stereoscopic / inverse stereoscopic conversion in a stereoscopic display apparatus

3 is a block diagram showing a stereoscopic display device including a liquid crystal field lens of the present invention

4 is a plan view showing the liquid crystal electric field lens of the present invention

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-I '

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II '

7 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a driving unit including a liquid crystal field lens according to the present invention.

8 is a view showing the light intensity in the stereoscopic displaying apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the correspondence of observers when the lens is moved

9 is a diagram showing the initial state and the change of lens shape upon lens movement in the stereoscopic displaying apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention

10 and 11 are simulation diagrams showing the electrode arrangement of the liquid crystal electric field lens of the present invention and the electric field effect when the voltage is applied thereto

Description of the Related Art [0002]

100: liquid crystal field lens 110: first substrate

111, 112: first electrode 109, 113: insulating film

120: second substrate 121: second electrode

115: first alignment layer 122: second alignment layer

130: liquid crystal layer 133: metal wiring

135: contact hole 200:

210: coding control unit 220:

230: Resistor array 300: Webcam

400: observer

Claims (7)

A display panel for emitting a two-dimensional image; A liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates on the first substrate, the first and second substrates facing each other on the display panel, A plurality of first electrodes formed of at least three first layer electrodes and second layer electrodes formed alternately with the first layer electrodes in a second layer and a second electrode formed on the second substrate, A liquid crystal field lens for converting the two-dimensional image into a three-dimensional image and outputting the three-dimensional image; A webcam for reading the movement of the observer, determining the degree of movement at the reference position, and calculating the movement information; And And a control unit for receiving the movement information from the webcam and changing the application order of the voltage applied to the first electrode of the liquid crystal electric lens in accordance with the movement of the observer and shifting the lens areas. And the three-dimensional display device. The method according to claim 1, Wherein, A coding control unit for receiving movement information from the web cam; A resistance array for generating different voltages corresponding to the plurality of first electrodes, And a coding unit for changing a voltage application order of a plurality of voltages output from the resistance array according to the movement information. 3. The method of claim 2, Wherein the liquid crystal electric field lens further comprises a number of metal wirings corresponding to a multiple of a plurality of voltages output from the resistance array and the metal wirings are formed in a direction crossing the first electrode. And the three-dimensional display device. The method of claim 3, And a black matrix layer is further formed on the first substrate at a position corresponding to the metal lines. The method of claim 3, Wherein the first electrodes are electrically connected to metal wirings to which the same voltage is applied in each of the lens regions. The method of claim 3, Wherein the coding unit adjusts the order of voltages applied to the metal wires according to movement information provided from the web cam. The method according to claim 1, Wherein the webcam recognizes the movement of an observer through motion of a pupil of the observer.

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