KR101481628B1 - Organic solar cell and fabrication method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The organic solar cell of the present invention comprises a substrate on which a plurality of convex portions are formed on one surface and a plurality of concave portions are formed on the other surface and an organic solar cell element formed on at least one side of the both surfaces of the substrate, And the efficiency can be improved. In addition, two organic solar cells can be formed on one substrate by forming an organic solar cell device on both sides of the substrate, and furthermore, a multi-layer structure can be formed.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an organic solar cell,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic solar cell, and more particularly, to an organic solar cell which can be formed into a multi-layered structure by forming an organic solar cell in a three- A battery and a manufacturing method thereof.

Organic solar cells are photoelectric conversion devices that convert solar energy directly into electricity. Depending on the materials used, organic solar cells can be largely classified into silicon solar cells and organic solar cells. Silicon solar cells are expensive and have a limited amount of reserves, so they are limited to full-scale solar energy applications. Organic solar cells, however, are low in manufacturing cost due to low cost and ease of manufacturing because they do not require special vacuum equipment. This is very good. In addition, due to the low-temperature process, it can be used for a glass substrate or a flexible substrate, and thus, attention has been focused on the advantages such as the possibility of producing a bendable device.

Such an organic solar cell is formed of a plurality of organic thin film layers such as an anode electrode, a cathode and a hole transporting layer, a photoactive layer, an electron transporting layer, an electron injecting layer and a cathode.

Conventional organic solar cells are disclosed in Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0069947 (Jul. 01, 2009), in which an anode is formed as a first electrode on a transparent substrate and a hole transport layer is formed thereon by spin coating Thereby forming a nano pattern on the upper surface of the rear surface. The nanopattern may be formed as a groove connected to a line in the entire plane, so that the cross-sectional shape of the nanopattern is formed in various patterns such as polygonal, U-shaped, and V-shaped. The nanopattern can be formed by dry, wet etching, lithography, or by a nanoimprinting method using a silicon mold previously made in a nano pattern. An electron transport layer is formed on the hole transport layer on which the nano pattern is formed, and a cathode is formed on the electron transport layer.

In such a conventional organic solar cell, one side of the hole transport layer is formed in the form of a three-dimensional groove to increase the boundary contact surface between the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer, and the charge separation of electrons and holes is enabled and the specific surface area of the organic solar battery is increased The efficiency can be improved.

However, in the conventional organic solar cell, the etching process, the lithography process or the nanoimprinting process must be performed in order to form a three-dimensional groove on one surface of the hole transport layer, so that the manufacturing process becomes complicated, and the electron transport layer and the cathode The thickness of the electron transporting layer or the cathode varies depending on the interval, thereby deteriorating performance.

That is, when the electron transporting layer and the cathode are formed by vacuum deposition or sputtering on the surface of the three-dimensional groove, both side portions of the protruded portion are thinned, and an organic thin film layer having a different thickness is formed for each region. Can be reduced.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0069947 (Jul. 01, 2009)

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an organic solar cell which can form a three-dimensional structure having a plurality of concavities and convexities on a substrate, improve the efficiency by increasing the specific surface area by forming an organic solar cell element on a substrate having a three- And a method for manufacturing the same.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an organic solar cell in which a plurality of organic solar cells are formed on one substrate by forming a three-dimensional structure having a plurality of concavities and convexities on both sides of the substrate, And a method of manufacturing the same.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an organic solar cell that can use a flexible substrate, a substrate having low strength, a substrate having a small thickness, and the like, because the three-dimensional convexo-concave portion formed on the substrate reinforces the strength of the substrate. .

Another object of the present invention is to form an organic thin film layer by spraying a solution by spraying and volatilizing a solvent by spraying a high temperature gas while the solution is flying to thin the organic thin film layer and to control the thickness of the organic thin film layer An organic solar cell capable of forming an organic thin film layer having a uniform thickness on the surface of a substrate having a three-dimensional structure, and a manufacturing method thereof.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. .

In order to achieve the above object, the organic solar battery of the present invention includes a substrate on which a plurality of convex portions are formed on one surface and a plurality of concave portions are formed on the other surface, and an organic solar cell element formed on at least one side of both surfaces of the substrate .

The organic solar cell element may include a first organic solar cell element formed on one surface of the substrate having the convex portion and a second organic solar cell element formed on the other surface of the substrate having the concave portion formed thereon.

The substrate may be a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, or a synthetic resin substrate, and may be formed of a transparent material through which light can pass.

The protruding height H1 of the convex portion and the depth H2 of the concave portion are formed to be the same so that the overall thickness of the substrate can be made uniform.

Wherein the organic solar cell element includes an anode electrode formed on a substrate, a plurality of organic thin film layers formed on the anode electrode, and a cathode electrode formed on the plurality of organic thin film layers, At least one of which is a spraying method for spraying a solution onto a substrate, the spraying method spraying a solution in a spraying unit, spraying a high-temperature gas onto the solution being sprayed from the spraying unit to volatilize the solvent contained in the solution .

A method of manufacturing an organic solar cell according to the present invention includes the steps of preparing a substrate having a convex portion formed on one surface and a concave portion formed on the other surface, forming a first organic solar cell element on one surface of the substrate having the convex portion, And forming a second organic solar cell element on the other surface of the substrate.

The step of forming the first organic solar cell element and the second organic solar cell element of the present invention includes the steps of forming an anode electrode on the substrate, forming a plurality of organic thin film layers on the anode electrode, And forming a cathode electrode.

The step of forming the plurality of organic thin film layers according to the present invention includes the steps of setting the gas pressure and temperature according to the type of the solvent contained in the spraying solution, spraying the solution onto the substrate in the spray unit, And then volatilizing the solvent contained in the solution.

As described above, the organic solar battery of the present invention has a plurality of concavities and convexities formed on one surface of a substrate and a concave portion formed on the other surface of the substrate, and when organic solar cell elements are formed on the surface of the substrate, Is formed in the same concavo-convex shape as the concave portion and the convex portion of the substrate, thereby increasing the surface area and improving the efficiency.

In addition, the organic solar cell of the present invention can form two organic solar cells on one substrate by forming an organic solar cell element on both sides of the substrate, and furthermore, it can be formed into a multi-layer structure.

In addition, the organic solar cell of the present invention is advantageous in that a flexible substrate, a weak substrate, and a thin substrate can be used because the three-dimensional concavo-convex portion formed on the substrate reinforces the strength of the substrate.

In addition, the organic solar cell of the present invention can form an organic thin film layer by spraying a solution by spraying, volatilize a solvent by spraying a high temperature gas while the solution is flying, thereby making the organic thin film layer thinner, And the organic thin film layer having a uniform thickness can be formed on the surface of the substrate having the three-dimensional structure.

1 is a cross-sectional view of an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of an organic solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a process flow chart showing the organic solar cell manufacturing process of the present invention.
5 is a configuration diagram of an organic thin film layer forming apparatus of the present invention.
6 is a process flow chart showing a method of forming an organic thin film layer of the present invention.
7 is a photograph showing the organic thin film produced by Example 1. Fig.
8 is a photograph showing the organic thin film produced in Example 2. Fig.
9 is a photograph showing the organic thin film produced by Example 3. Fig.
10 and 11 are enlarged photographs of the surface of the thin film produced by the organic thin film forming apparatus of the present invention and the thin film produced by the conventional spraying method.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The sizes and shapes of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience. In addition, terms defined in consideration of the configuration and operation of the present invention may be changed according to the intention or custom of the user, the operator. Definitions of these terms should be based on the content of this specification.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The organic solar cell according to one embodiment includes a transparent substrate 10 having a three-dimensional structure and capable of transmitting light, and an organic solar cell element 20 formed on at least one side of both surfaces of the substrate 10.

The substrate 10 may be formed of a transparent substrate such that a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, a synthetic resin substrate, or the like may be used to provide flexibility.

The substrate 10 has concave and convex portions 30 and 32 formed thereon. The concave and convex portions 30 and 32 are in the form of embossing and have convex portions 30 protruding from one surface of the substrate 10 and concave portions 32 concave on the other surface of the substrate 10 . Here, the concave and convex portions 30 and 32 can be manufactured by various methods such as stamper operation, extrusion and injection molding.

The concave and convex portions 30 and 32 are formed in such a manner that a convex portion 30 protrudes on one surface of the substrate 10 and a concave portion is formed on the other surface of the substrate 10 with a height corresponding to the height of the convex portion 30, (10) has a constant thickness.

Here, the concave and convex portions 30 and 32 may be formed in various shapes such as semicircular shape, elliptical shape, and polygonal shape.

The irregularities 30 and 32 may be formed in a shape having a uniform height at regular intervals, and irregular intervals and height may be applied.

As described above, when the concave-convex portions 30 and 32 are formed on the substrate 10, the concave-convex portions 30 and 32 serve to reinforce the strength of the substrate 10, Or the use of a flexible substrate.

Even if the concave and convex portions 30 and 32 are formed on the substrate 10 because the protruding height H1 of the convex portion 30 is equal to the depth H2 in which the concave portion 32 is inserted, The stress can be prevented from being concentrated due to the difference in thickness of the substrate.

2, an organic solar cell element 20 includes an anode electrode 22 formed on one surface of a substrate 10, an organic thin film layer 24 formed on the anode electrode 22, And a cathode electrode 26 formed on the organic thin film layer 24.

The organic thin film layer 24 is composed of a hole transport layer 24a, a photoactive layer 24b, an electron transport layer 24c, an electron injection layer 24d, and the like.

As the anode electrode 22, a metal oxide including indium tin oxide (ITO) can be used and has a transparent shape.

The hole transport layer 24a is formed between the photoactive layer 24b and the anode electrode 24 by injecting holes generated from the anode electrode 22 and transporting the holes to the photoactive layer 24b. The photoactive layer 24b transports and injects electrons and holes from the light energy into the respective electrodes separately.

The electron transport layer 24c is formed on the photoactive layer 24b as a layer for moving electrons injected into the electron injection layer 24d to the photoactive layer 24b and is transported from the hole transport layer 24a to the photoactive layer 24b It serves to block the transported holes.

The electron injection layer 24d is formed between the cathode electrode 26 and the electron transport layer 24c to allow electrons to flow into the organic solar cell from the cathode electrode 26 more effectively.

As described above, the organic solar battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the concave and convex portions 30 and 32 are formed on the substrate 10 and the organic solar battery is formed on the substrate 10 on which the concave and convex portions 30 and 32 are formed. The shape of the organic solar cell is the same as that of the substrate having the concavo-convex portion, so that the specific surface area can be increased and the efficiency of the organic solar battery can be improved.

In addition, the thickness of the organic thin film layer 24 can be made thinner by spraying the solution by spraying to form the organic thin film layer 24, and volatilizing the solvent by spraying the high temperature gas while the solution is flying, And it is possible to form an organic thin film layer having a uniform thickness on the surface of the substrate 10 having the concave and convex portions 30 and 32. [

3 is a cross-sectional view of an organic solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The organic solar cell according to another embodiment includes a transparent substrate 10 having a three-dimensional structure and capable of transmitting light, a first organic solar cell element 50 formed on one surface of the substrate 10, And a second organic solar cell element 52 formed on the other surface of the second organic solar cell element 52.

The structure of the substrate 10 is the same as the structure of the substrate 10 described above in which the convex portion 30 is formed on one surface and the concave portion 32 is formed on the other surface.

The first organic solar cell element 50 is formed on one surface of the substrate 10 on which the convex portion 30 is formed and is formed in the same shape as the convex portion 30, Is formed on the other surface of the substrate 10 on which the part 32 is formed and has the same shape as the shape of the concave part 32.

The first organic solar cell element 50 and the second organic solar cell element 52 are formed in the same structure as that of the organic solar battery element 20 described in the above embodiment and are formed in a transparent form .

That is, in the organic solar cell according to another embodiment, since the organic solar battery element is formed on both surfaces of the substrate 10, the light incident on the first organic solar battery 50 passes through the substrate 10, The substrate 10, the first organic solar cell element 50, and the second organic solar cell element 52 are formed to be transparent so as to allow light to pass therethrough so as to be incident on the battery element 52.

The organic solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention has the first organic solar cell element 50 and the second organic solar cell element 52 formed on both sides of the substrate 10, The organic solar cell can be realized and the cost can be reduced and the efficiency of the organic solar cell can be improved while reducing the installation area.

The organic solar cells can be formed by stacking a plurality of layers of two or more layers. In the organic solar cells 50 and 52 having the organic solar cell elements 50 and 52 formed on both sides of the substrate 10 described in the second embodiment, And a plurality of layers are stacked on the substrate.

The manufacturing process of the organic solar battery of the present invention thus constructed will be described below.

4 is a process flow diagram illustrating a method of fabricating an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, the substrate 10 is prepared (S110). The substrate 10 may be formed of various substrates such as a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, and a synthetic resin substrate so as to have flexibility. A plurality of three-dimensional concave-convex portions are formed and are formed in a transparent form so that light can be transmitted.

Then, an anode electrode 22 is formed on one surface of the substrate 10 (S120). The anode electrode 22 is formed of a light-transmissive material so that light can be transmitted, and a conductive metal material such as a metal oxide such as ITO is used. The anode electrode 22 may be formed by a screen printing method, a sputtering method, a vacuum deposition method, or the like.

Conductive polymeric materials include PEDOT: PSS (dimethyl sulfoxide), PC (polycarbonates), DMF (dimethyl formamide), HMPA (hexamethyl phosphorotriamide), THF (tetrahydrofuran), EG (ethylene glycol), and NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone).

Then, a hole transport layer 24a is formed on the anode electrode 22 (S130). Here, the hole transport layer 24a is formed by an organic thin film forming apparatus using a spray method.

That is, when the solution for forming the hole transporting layer is sprayed by the spray unit and the solvent is volatilized by spraying the hot gas into the solution in flight in the hot gas injection unit, the organic thin film To form the hole transport layer 24a. Here, the thickness of the hole transporting layer is preferably set to 50 to 150 nm.

Then, annealing is performed to volatilize the solvent remaining in the applied organic thin film without being removed by the hot gas injection unit. Here, annealing is preferably carried out at 130 DEG C for about 10 minutes.

Then, a photoactive layer 24b is formed on the hole transport layer 24a (S140). Here, the photoactive layer 24b is formed by an organic thin film forming apparatus using a spray method.

That is, when the solution for forming the photoactive layer 24b is sprayed by the spray unit and the solvent is volatilized by spraying the hot gas to the solution in flight in the hot gas injection unit, the organic thin film Is applied to form a photoactive layer. Here, the thickness of the photoactive layer is preferably set to 100 to 200 nm.

Then, the photoactive layer 24b is annealed. Here, annealing is preferably carried out at 75 DEG C for 24 hours.

Then, the electron transport layer 24c is formed on the photoactive layer 24b (S150). The electron transport layer 24c may be formed by a vacuum deposition method. Then, an electron injection layer is formed by coating and doping an organic ion material on the electron transport layer 24c (S160).

Lastly, when a conductive metal is deposited on the electron source layer 24c to form a cathode electrode 26, the manufacture of the organic solar battery is completed (S170).

When an organic solar cell is formed on both sides of the substrate 10, a first organic solar cell element 50 is formed on one side of the substrate 10 and a second organic solar cell element 52 are formed.

Here, the first organic solar cell element 50 and the second organic solar cell element 52 can be formed on both sides of the substrate 10 at the same time.

5 is a configuration diagram of an organic thin film layer forming apparatus of an organic solar battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5, a first thin film forming apparatus 60 is disposed at a predetermined interval on the upper side of the substrate 10 and a second thin film forming apparatus 70 is disposed at a lower side of the substrate 10 at regular intervals, The first thin film forming apparatus 60 and the second thin film forming apparatus 70 are simultaneously operated so that the organic thin film layer of the first organic solar cell element 50 and the organic thin film layer of the second organic solar cell element 52 A thin film layer is simultaneously formed.

At this time, since the second thin film forming apparatus 70 has to spray the solution upward from the lower side, the injection pressure is larger than that of the first thin film forming apparatus 60.

The first thin film forming apparatus 60 and the second thin film forming apparatus 70 have the same structure and include spray units 62 and 72 for forming a thin film by spraying a solution on one surface and the other surface of the substrate 10, And a high temperature gas injection unit (64, 74) for injecting a high temperature gas into the solution in a flying state to volatilize the solvent contained in the solution.

As described above, the thin film forming apparatuses 60 and 70 are disposed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate 10, respectively, and are simultaneously operated to form the organic thin film layer on both sides of the substrate at the same time. In addition to this structure, It is also possible to arrange organic thin film layer forming devices on the left and right sides of the substrate and then form the organic thin film layer on both sides of the substrate simultaneously.

6 is a process flow chart showing a method of forming an organic thin film layer according to the present invention.

The process of forming the organic thin film layer by the spraying method in the above-described organic solar cell will be described in more detail.

First, the gas pressure and temperature are input (S10). That is, the user inputs the optimal temperature and pressure that can volatilize the solvent depending on the nature of the solution used and the type of solvent.

Here, the pressure of the gas is preferably 0.04 to 0.12 MPa, and the gas temperature is preferably set to 80 to 150 DEG C.

If the gas pressure is 0.06 MPa or less, the gas pressure is too low to volatilize the solvent, and if the gas pressure is 0.12 MPa or more, the gas pressure is too high to prevent the solvent from being sprayed onto the substrate. If the gas temperature is below 80 ° C, the solvent does not volatilize, and if it exceeds 150 ° C, the solute is damaged.

When the pressure and temperature of the gas are inputted, the first spray unit 62 and the second spray unit 72 are operated to spray the solution onto both surfaces of the substrate 10 (S20). At this time, the substrate 10 may be coated with another layer such as an anode electrode or a hole transport layer.

When the spray units 62 and 72 are of the air spray type, air is sprayed to the solution to generate the spray pressure. When the spray unit 62 and 72 is the electric spray type, the high voltage generation unit is turned on to spray the spray units 62 and 72, The solution is charged by applying a high voltage between the electrodes, and when the hybrid method is employed, air is injected and a high voltage is applied to inject the solution.

Here, the applied voltage between the spray units 62 and 72 and the substrate 10 is set to 8 to 14 kV, the distance between the spray unit and the substrate is 6 to 12 cm, and the discharge amount is set to 40 to 1000ul / min.

As described above, in this embodiment, since the organic thin film layer is formed by spraying the solution onto the substrate 10 by the spraying method, the thickness of the organic thin film layer can be made thin and the thickness of the organic thin film layer can be freely adjusted.

When the solution is injected and sprayed from the spray units 62 and 72 before it reaches the substrate 10, the high-temperature gas injection units 64 and 74 inject the high-temperature gas to the solution, The solvent is volatilized (S30).

Then, the substrate 10 is heated to a relatively low temperature to finally evaporate the remaining solvent that can not be removed by the hot gas injection units 64 and 74.

Here, since the heating temperature of the substrate is 70-190 ° C, the substrate can be heated at a relatively low temperature. Therefore, it is possible to use various substrates such as a flexible substrate, a weak substrate and a thin substrate, Thereby preventing damage.

In the conventional organic thin film forming apparatus, when the substrate is heated and the solvent is volatilized, the solvent is volatilized in a state of being coated on the substrate. Therefore, the quality of the organic thin film is lowered and the substrate is heated to a temperature at which the solvent can be volatilized. There was this difficult problem.

In this embodiment, since the solvent applied to the substrate is sprayed with the hot gas directly by spraying in the spray unit, the solvent is almost removed from the solution applied to the substrate, so that the surface precision of the organic thin film is improved, Quality can be improved.

Further, since it is not necessary to heat the substrate, it is possible to use a substrate which is weak against heat. Even if the substrate is heated to volatilize the solvent remaining in the solution coated on the substrate, since the remaining solvent is volatilized, it is not necessary to set the heating temperature at a high temperature, so that it is possible to use a substrate which is weak against heat.

Here, since the heating temperature of the substrate is 70-190 ° C, the substrate can be heated at a relatively low temperature. Therefore, it is possible to use various substrates such as a flexible substrate, a weak substrate and a thin substrate, Thereby preventing damage.

As described above, in this embodiment, since the organic thin film is formed by spraying the solution onto the substrate by the spraying method, the thickness of the organic thin film can be made thin and the thickness of the organic thin film can be freely adjusted.

In addition, in this embodiment, since the solution is sprayed by the spraying method, the surface of the substrate 10 having the three-dimensional curvature can be evenly coated on the entire surface.

Example 1

First, Orgacon.TM (Agfa, PEDOT: PSS) was dissolved as 0.8wt% in water as a conductive polymer and filtered with 6um and 0.8um syringe filters to prepare a spray solution. Then, a substrate having a three-dimensional curvature on its surface was prepared.

Nanostructured membranes were prepared by using hybrid spray - type organic thin - film forming apparatus in which the sprayed solution was mixed with electric spraying and air spraying.

That is, it is set so that the applied voltage is 12 kV, the nitrogen pressure is 0.1 Mpa, the distance between the injection nozzle and the substrate is 6 cm, the discharge amount is 700 / / min, the temperature of the substrate is 130 캜 and the gas temperature is 100 캜. A nano organic thin film was formed on the surface of the substrate having three-dimensional curvature by spraying hot gas to the solution in flight in the injection unit.

As shown in the photograph of FIG. 7, when the thickness of the nano organic thin film was measured by scanning electron microscope, the thickness of the top organic thin film was 437 nm, Side) thickness was 421 nm, and the bottom thickness was 433 nm. Thus, the ratio of top / bottom was close to 1 and the ratio of side / bottom was 0.97.

When an organic thin film forming apparatus using the spraying method of the present invention is formed on the surface of a substrate having three-dimensional curvature as in Embodiment 1, an organic thin film having a uniform overall thickness can be obtained and the heating temperature of the substrate can be lowered Can be confirmed.

Example 2

The OPV photoactive layer was prepared by mixing PCBM (1- (3-Methoxycarbonyl) -Propyl-1-phenyl = (6,6) C61) with P3HT (Poly (3-hexylthiophene) in a ratio of 1: 1 to obtain monochlorobenzene ) At a ratio of 0.2 wt%, respectively.

The solution thus prepared was filtered using a 6-μm, 0.4-μm syringe filter, and then a nano-envelope was prepared using a hybrid spray-type organic thin-film forming apparatus in which electric spraying and air jetting were mixed.

That is, after setting the applied voltage to 10 kV, the nitrogen pressure to 0.06 Mpa, the distance between the injection nozzle and the substrate to 6 cm, the discharge amount to 350 μl / min, the substrate temperature to 130 ° C. and the gas temperature to 120 ° C., The nano organic thin film was formed on the surface of the substrate having the three-dimensional curvature by spraying hot gas (120 ° C) into the solution flying in the injection unit. Then, the organic thin film sprayed on the substrate was treated with a drying furnace at 75 캜 for 24 hours to perform crosslinking.

As shown in the photograph of FIG. 8, when the thickness of the nano organic thin film was measured by a scanning electron microscope, the thickness of the nano organic thin film was 595 nm, Side) thickness was 560 nm, and the bottom thickness was 551 nm. Therefore, the ratio of the top / bottom was 1.07 and the ratio of the side / bottom was 1.02.

When an organic thin film forming apparatus using the spraying method of the present invention is formed on the surface of a substrate having a three-dimensional curvature as in Embodiment 2, an organic thin film having a uniform thickness as a whole can be obtained, .

Example 3

The OPV photoactive layer was prepared by mixing PCBM (1- (3-Methoxycarbonyl) -Propyl-1-phenyl = (6,6) C61) with P3HT (poly (3-hexylthiophene) in a ratio of 1: 1 and adding chloroform And 0.15 wt%, respectively.

The solution thus prepared was filtered using a 6-μm, 0.4-μm syringe filter, and then a nano-envelope was prepared using a hybrid spray-type organic thin-film forming apparatus in which electric spraying and air jetting were mixed.

That is, the spraying unit is sprayed in the spray unit, and the high-temperature gas is injected from the spray unit at a rate of 10 kV, a nitrogen pressure of 0.06 MPa, a distance of 6 cm between the injection nozzle and the substrate, The nano organic thin film was formed on the surface of the substrate having the three-dimensional curvature by spraying high-temperature gas (90 ° C) into the solution flying in the injection unit. Then, the organic thin film sprayed on the substrate was treated with a drying furnace at 75 캜 for 24 hours to perform crosslinking.

As shown in the photograph of FIG. 9, when the thickness of the nano organic thin film was measured by a scanning electron microscope, the thickness of the top organic thin film was 130 nm, Side) thickness was 145 nm, and the bottom thickness was 144 nm. Thus, the ratio of Top / Bottom was 0.90 and the ratio of Side / Bottom was 1.01.

When the organic thin film forming apparatus using the spraying method of the present invention is formed on the surface of the substrate having the three-dimensional curvature as in Embodiment 3, an organic thin film having a uniform thickness as a whole can be obtained, .

10 and 11 are enlarged photographs of the surface of the thin film produced by the organic thin film forming apparatus of the present invention and the thin film produced by the conventional spraying method.

As shown in FIG. 10, when a thin film is formed by spraying a solution onto the surface of a substrate using a conventional spraying method, and the solvent contained in the solution is volatilized by heating the substrate to 200 ° C, State, and heat damage to the solute can be confirmed.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the solvent is volatilized using the high-temperature gas, the temperature of the substrate can be relatively low, such as about 130 ° C., so that the surface of the substrate is smoothly formed, .

 While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art.

10: substrate 20: organic solar cell element
22: anode electrode 24: organic thin film layer
26: cathode electrode 30:
32: concave portion 24a: positive hole transport layer
24b: photoactive layer 24c: electron transporting layer
24d: electron injection layer

Claims (14)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete Preparing a substrate on which a convex portion is formed on one surface and a concave portion is formed on the other surface;
Forming a first organic solar cell element on one surface of the substrate on which the convex portion is formed; And
And forming a second organic solar cell element on the other surface of the substrate having the concave portion formed thereon, the method comprising the steps of:
The step of forming the first organic solar cell element and the second organic solar cell element
Forming an anode electrode on the substrate; Forming a plurality of organic thin film layers on the anode electrode; And forming a cathode electrode on the organic thin film layer,
The step of forming the plurality of organic thin film layers
Setting the pressure and temperature of the gas according to the type of the solvent contained in the spraying solution; Spraying a solution onto a substrate in a spray unit; And volatilizing a solvent contained in the solution by spraying a high temperature gas of 80 to 150 DEG C onto the solution being sprayed and flying. delete delete 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the organic thin film layer of the first organic solar cell element and the organic thin film layer of the second organic solar cell element are simultaneously formed on one surface and the other surface of the substrate. 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the gas pressure is 0.06 to 0.12 MPa. 10. The method of claim 9,
Further comprising the step of spraying the solution onto a substrate and then heating the substrate to volatilize the solvent remaining in the solution.

Images