KR101474978B1 - Evaporator and burner using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the present invention is to provide an evaporator evaporating and cracking liquid (fuel) at the same time, and secondarily atomizing the primarily-atomized liquid (fuel). According to an embodiment of the present invention, an evaporator includes a first pipe expanding unit introducing electrically-discharged gas; a second pipe expanding unit supplying fuel-air mixture of atomized liquid to the electrically-discharged gas; a neck portion electrically grounded by connecting the first pipe expanding unit to the second pipe expanding unit with a minimum passage; and an electrode nozzle forming an electrically-discharged gap at a gap with the neck portion to generate arc with applied voltage, and supplying primarily-atomized liquid to an arcjet caused by the arc to secondarily atomize the primarily-atomized liquid by the arcjet.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to an evaporator,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an evaporator for atomizing a liquid primarily atomized by an arc jet, and a combustion apparatus using the evaporator.

Generally, a plasma burner is provided with an electrode inside a housing, and a gap is formed between the housing and the electrode, and a high voltage is applied to generate a plasma from a gap between the discharge gas and the fuel.

In the case of using a generator with a discharger sieve, a compressor is used to supply the generator into the inside of the plasma burner. In addition, a structure for rotating and supplying the fuel is required for uniform mixing of the fuel with the fresh fuel.

As described above, the use of the compressor increases the price of the plasma burner, and the structure of the plasma burner can be complicated due to the rotation supply of the fuel.

In addition, in the case of using exhaust gas while eliminating the wearing-in, the stable operation region of the plasma burner is reduced. Since the exhaust gas is used, the structure of the plasma burner can be complicated.

An object of the present invention is to provide an evaporator which simultaneously evaporates and cracks a liquid (fuel) and atomizes a liquid (fuel) which is primarily atomized. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a combustion apparatus using an evaporator.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an evaporator comprising: a first expanding part for introducing a discharge gas; a second expanding part for supplying a mixer of liquid atomized to the discharge gas; And a discharge gap is formed between the throat and the throat. The arc is generated by a voltage applied to the arc jet, and the atomized liquid is first supplied to the arc jet by the arc, And an electrode nozzle which secondarily atomizes the liquid by the arc jet.

The first bulging portion may be connected to the neck portion by forming a first passage gradually tapered toward the neck portion.

The second bendable portion may be connected to the neck portion by forming a second passage that is gradually widened away from the neck portion.

The inner diameter of the second expanded portion may be larger than the inner diameter of the first expanded portion.

The evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured to receive the first expanded portion and the second expanded portion, supply a part of the discharge gas to the interior of the first expanded portion, And may further include a receiving tube for supplying the sample to the outside.

The second bendable portion may include a first discharge gas hole formed to further supply a part of the discharge gas supplied to the outside of the first bendable portion to the inside of the second bendable portion.

The evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an auxiliary fuel injection nozzle which is disposed in the neck portion in a single or plural numbers and injects fuel.

The combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the first expansion portion and the second expansion portion for introducing the discharge gas are connected to each other through a neck portion having a minimum passage and an electrode nozzle provided in the first expansion portion, An evaporator for generating an arc and injecting a first atomized fuel through the electrode nozzle to the arc jet by the arc to atomize the arc jet by the arc jet in a second order and an evaporator for receiving a portion of the discharge gas in the first And a receiving tube for supplying the remainder to the inside of the bending portion and supplying the remainder to the outside of the first bending portion.

The combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may include an auxiliary fuel injection nozzle installed in the neck portion and injecting fuel into the arc jet to further atomize the fuel into the discharge gas.

And a combustion chamber connected to the receiving pipe.

The combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an igniter provided in front of the second expansion portion of the evaporator.

The receiving tube is formed as an exhaust pipe of an automobile, and the discharging gas may be an exhaust gas.

The second bulging portion may include a first discharge gas hole formed to additionally supply a part of the exhaust gas supplied to the outside of the receiving tube to the inside of the second bulging portion.

The combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an igniter provided in the second expansion portion.

The combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a third expansion unit disposed in front of the second expansion unit and having a larger diameter than the second expansion unit.

The third expansion portion may include a second discharge gas hole formed to be larger than the first discharge gas hole and configured to additionally supply a part of the exhaust gas supplied to the inside of the storage tube to the inside of the third expansion portion .

As described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an arc is generated between the neck portion located between the first expanded portion and the second expanded portion and the electrode nozzle in the first expanded portion, and the liquid atomized in the first nozzle By secondary atomization with arc jet by arc, liquid (fuel) can be atomized quickly in the discharge gas.

1 is a sectional view of an evaporator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a sectional view of an evaporator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention to which an evaporator main portion of the first embodiment is applied.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention to which an evaporator main portion of the second embodiment is applied.
5 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention to which an evaporator main portion of the second embodiment is applied.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

1 is a sectional view of an evaporator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 1, the evaporator 1 of the first embodiment includes a first expansion portion 10, a second expansion portion 20, a neck portion 30, and an electrode nozzle 40.

The first expansion portion 10 introduces the discharge gas to one side and guides the discharge gas to the throat portion 30. For example, the first expanding portion 10 is connected to the neck portion 30 by forming a first passage 11 gradually narrowing from the inlet to the neck 30 side. The discharge gas may be external air (air) or automobile exhaust gas.

The second expansion portion 20 discharges and supplies the mixer of the liquid (fuel) atomized to the discharge gas in the throat portion 30. For example, the second expansion portion 20 is connected to the neck portion 30 by forming a second passage 21 that is gradually widened away from the neck portion 30 side.

At this time, the inner diameter D2 of the second expanded portion 20 may be formed to be larger than the inner diameter D1 of the first expanded portion 10. Due to this, the liquid can smoothly be atomized in the second expanded portion 20 by the arc jet of the discharge gas passing through the neck portion 30, and can be uniformly mixed with the discharge gas.

The neck portion 30 is formed so as to connect the first and second expansion portions 20 and 20 with a minimum path, and is electrically grounded. For example, the neck portion 30 is connected to the minimum diameter portion of each of the first passage 11 and the second passage 21, so that the neck portion 30 is provided between the first and second expanding portions 10 and 20, So as to increase the flow velocity of the discharge gas flowing from the first expanded portion 10 to the second expanded portion 20.

The electrode nozzle 40 is formed in the first expanded portion 10 so as to form a discharge gap G with the neck portion 30 connected to the first passage 11 to generate an arc at a high voltage HV . That is, when a high voltage (H.V) is applied to the electrode nozzle 40 while passing the discharge gas through the neck 30 in a state where the neck 30 is grounded, an arc is generated by the plasma discharge in the discharge gap G.

The arc releases heat as it contacts the neck 30, and the neck 30 area is heated by the arc. Thereafter, the flow rate of the discharge gas at the neck portion 30 is accelerated. Therefore, the arc jet in the excited state due to the arc and heat is injected into the second expansion portion 20.

The electrode nozzle 40 is installed in the first expansion portion 10 and forms a liquid passage 41 therein to supply liquid (fuel) to the arc jet. At this time, the electrode nozzle 40 primarily discharges the liquid onto the atomizing screen discharge gas. That is, the electrode nozzle 40 injects the liquid that is primarily atomized through the fuel path 41 in the arc jet direction, and allows the primary atomized liquid to be atomized by the arc jet.

In other words, since the evaporator 1 of the first embodiment injects the liquid primarily atomized by the electrode nozzle 40 without directly flowing the liquid into the throat 30, the liquid primarily atomized does not directly contact the arc But in the arc jet direction.

That is, the direction of injection of the liquid primarily fired matches the direction of the arc jet, so that the liquid primarily atomized may not come into direct contact with the arc. Thus, the liquid primarily atomized does not interfere with the formation of the arc jet

The liquid which is first atomized and injected in the arc jet direction is atomized by the arc jet and forms a mixture with the discharge gas and is injected into the second expansion part 20. At this time, the first atomized liquid can be secondarily atomized at a high speed by the heat of the arc and the excited species, and mixed into the discharge gas.

Thus, the liquid and the arc jet injected from the electrode nozzle 40 can react in the maximized reaction volume and reaction area in the second expansion part 20. Accordingly, since the liquid is atomized and injected in the electrode nozzle 40, the secondary atomization with respect to the discharge gas can be maximized.

The electrode nozzle 40 interacts with the neck 30 on the outer surface to form an arc, and atomizes and injects the liquid into the interior. Arcjet evaporates and cracks primarily the liquid that is atomized, eliminates the need to rotate as in conventional plasma burners when supplying liquid, and enables operation at low power conditions. And the structure of the evaporator is simplified, and the evaporator can be used as the igniter of the burner.

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Description of the same configuration as the first embodiment and the previously described embodiment will be omitted.

2 is a sectional view of an evaporator 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 2, the evaporator 2 of the second embodiment further includes a receiving tube 60 in the evaporator 1 of the first embodiment and includes an auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 250 disposed in the neck portion 30 And a first discharge gas hole (H1) is provided in the second expansion part (220).

The accommodating tube 60 accommodates the first and second expansion parts 10 and 220 and supplies a part of the discharge gas to the inside of the first expansion part 10 and the remainder is supplied to the first expansion part 10 As shown in Fig. A part of the discharge gas passing through the outside of the first expansion portion 10 is further supplied to the inside of the second expansion portion 220 through the first discharge gas hole H1.

The auxiliary fuel injection nozzles 250 are arranged in a single or plural numbers in the neck portion 30 and are configured to additionally inject fuel further to the fuel which is first atomized by the electrode nozzle 40 and secondarily atomized by the arc jet . Therefore, the evaporator 2 of the second embodiment can be effectively applied to an industrial burner.

When the evaporator 2 is used for an industrial burner, a discharge gas which is supplied to the inside of the second expansion portion 220 through the first discharge gas hole H1 via the outside of the first expansion portion 10 Can be further mixed with the fuel sprayed from the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle (250) and atomized by the arc jet. Therefore, the discharge gas supplied to the first discharge gas hole H1 makes it possible to sufficiently burn the fuel.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention to which an evaporator main portion of the first embodiment is applied. Referring to Fig. 3, the combustion apparatus 3 of the third embodiment includes the evaporator 1 of the first embodiment, the receiving tube 60 of the evaporator 2 of the second embodiment, and the combustion chamber 70. That is, the receiving tube 60 of the evaporator 2 of the second embodiment is connected to the combustion chamber 70 and is connected to the discharge gas forming the arc and arc jet, and the mixture of the primary and secondary atomized fuel and the further injected fuel To the combustion chamber (70).

When a high voltage (H.V) is applied to the electrode nozzle 40 while passing the discharge gas through the neck portion 30 in the state where the neck portion 30 is electrically grounded, an arc is generated by the plasma discharge in the discharge gap G. The arc contacts the neck 30 to release heat and heats the neck 30 area by an arc. Thereafter, the flow rate of the discharge gas at the neck portion 30 is accelerated. The arc jet in the excited state due to the arc and heat is injected into the second expanded portion 20.

The auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 350 is provided in the throat portion 30 and is configured to additionally inject fuel further to the fuel which is first atomized by the electrode nozzle 40 and atomized by the arc jet.

The further injected fuel forms a mixture with the discharge gas and the primary, secondary atomized fuel and is injected into the second expansion part 20 by the arc jet. At this time, the fuel can be atomized at high speed by the heat of the arc and the flow excited species and mixed into the discharge gas.

The combustion apparatus 3 of the third embodiment may further include an igniter 80 in front of the second expansion portion 20 of the evaporator 2. The igniter 80 allows ignition of the primary, secondary atomized fuel and further injected fuel into the discharge gas to combust in the combustion chamber 70.

In the case of such an industrial combustion device 3, vaporizing the liquid fuel and mixing with the discharge gas (oxidizer or air) is an important factor determining the performance and size of the combustion device 3. [

Since the combustion apparatus 3 of the third embodiment is used as a device for atomizing the liquid fuel in the arc jet, rapid atomization of fuel and mixing with air can be obtained which can not be obtained in conventional diesel burners. Therefore, the generation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) can be suppressed by removing hot spots in the combustion region.

Arc and arc jet can be generated by applying alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) to the electrode nozzle (40). When a DC power source is used as compared with AC, the liquid fuel does not coagulate due to the charging phenomenon of the atomized fuel droplet during the arc jet, and can be finely and quickly atomized.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention to which an evaporator main portion of the second embodiment is applied. Referring to Fig. 4, the combustion apparatus 4 of the fourth embodiment is formed by replacing the receiving pipe 260 with the exhaust pipe of an automobile in the evaporator 2 of the second embodiment. That is, the receiving pipe 260 is formed as an exhaust pipe of an automobile, so that the discharge gas is exhaust gas.

Therefore, the first discharge gas hole H21 of the second expansion unit 220 further supplies a part of the exhaust gas supplied to the outside of the first expansion unit 10 to the interior of the second expansion unit 220. [ The exhaust gas further supplied to the inside of the second expanded portion 220 through the first exhaust gas hole H21 via the outside of the first expanded portion 10 is injected from the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 250, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > fuel < / RTI >

Therefore, the exhaust gas supplied to the first discharge gas hole H21 is mixed with the fuel injected from the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 250 and the fuel which is atomized by the electrode nozzle 40 and atomized secondarily by the arc jet It can be sufficiently combusted.

Further, the igniter 80 may be provided in the second bulging portion 220. The igniter 80 allows ignition of the fuel atomized in the exhaust gas so as to be combusted in the second expanded portion 220.

5 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention to which an evaporator main portion of the second embodiment is applied. The combustion apparatus 5 of the fifth embodiment is formed by further including a third expansion unit 320 in the combustion apparatus 4 of the fourth embodiment.

The third tube portion 320 is formed in a larger diameter than the second tube portion 220 in front of the second tube portion 220 and is spaced apart from the second tube portion 220. The third expansion portion 320 has a second discharge gas hole H2 that is larger than the first discharge gas hole H21.

The second discharge gas hole (H2) further supplies a part of the exhaust gas supplied to the inside of the receiving pipe (260) to the inside of the third bending part (320) disposed in front of the second bending part (220).

The exhaust gas further supplied to the interior of the third expansion part 320 via the outside of the first and second expansion parts 10 and 220 and through the second discharge gas hole H2 is supplied to the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 250, And can be further mixed with the fuel atomized by the arc jet.

Therefore, the exhaust gas supplied to the second discharge gas hole H2 is supplied to the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 250 through the fuel injected from the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 250, and the fuel which is atomized by the electrode nozzle 40 and atomized by the arc jet So that it can be sufficiently combusted.

That is, the third bulge portion 320 can be used when additional bolting is required in front of the second bulge portion 220.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, And it goes without saying that the invention belongs to the scope of the invention.

1, 2: Evaporator 3, 4, 5: Combustion device
10: first expansion part 11: first passage
20, 220: second expansion portion 21: second passage
30: neck portion 40: electrode nozzle
41: liquid passage 60, 260:
70: combustion chamber 80: igniter
250: auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 320: third expansion portion
D1, D2: inner diameter G: discharge gap
H1, H21: first discharge gas hole H2: second discharge gas hole

Claims (16)

A first expansion unit for introducing the discharge gas;
A second expansion unit for supplying a mist of liquid atomized to the discharge gas;
A neck portion electrically connected to the first and second expanding portions by a minimum passage; And
A discharge gap is formed between the arc portion and the neck portion to generate an arc with a voltage applied thereto, and a first atomized liquid is supplied to the arc jet by the arc to atomize the first atomized liquid by the arc jet secondarily Electrode nozzle
≪ / RTI >
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first expanding portion comprises:
And a first passage which becomes gradually narrower toward the neck portion is formed and connected to the neck portion.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the second expanding portion comprises:
And a second passage that is gradually widened away from the neck portion is formed and connected to the neck portion.
The method according to claim 1,
And an inner diameter of the second expanded portion is larger than an inner diameter of the first expanded portion.
The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising an accommodating tube accommodating the first expanding portion and the second expanding portion and supplying a part of the discharge gas to the inside of the first expanding portion and supplying the remainder to the outside of the first expanding portion, .
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the second expanding portion comprises:
And a first discharge gas hole formed to further supply a part of the discharge gas supplied to the outside of the first expanded portion to the inside of the second expanded portion.
The method according to claim 6,
Further comprising an auxiliary fuel injection nozzle which is disposed in the neck portion in a single or plurality of positions and injects fuel.
A first expansion portion and a second expansion portion for introducing a discharge gas are connected to a neck portion of a minimum passage and an arc is generated between the electrode nozzle and the neck portion provided in the first expansion portion, An evaporator for injecting a first atomized fuel through the electrode nozzle and atomizing it by the arc jet; And
And a discharge tube for receiving the evaporator and supplying a part of the discharge gas to the inside of the first expansion portion and supplying the remainder to the outside of the first expansion portion,
.
9. The method of claim 8,
And an auxiliary fuel injection nozzle installed in the neck portion to inject fuel into the arc jet to further atomize the fuel into the discharge gas.
10. The method of claim 9,
And the combustion chamber
Further comprising:
10. The method of claim 9,
And an igniter provided in front of the second expanded portion of the evaporator.
10. The method of claim 9,
The receiving tube is formed as an exhaust pipe of an automobile,
Wherein the discharge gas is an exhaust gas.
13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the second expanding portion comprises:
And a first discharge gas hole formed to further supply a part of the exhaust gas supplied to the outside of the receiving tube to the inside of the second bending portion.
13. The method of claim 12,
And an igniter provided in the second expansion portion.
13. The method of claim 12,
And a third expansion unit disposed in front of the second expansion unit and having a diameter larger than that of the second expansion unit and being spaced apart from the second expansion unit.
16. The method of claim 15,
The third expansion portion
And a second discharge gas hole formed to be larger than the first discharge gas hole and configured to additionally supply a part of the exhaust gas supplied to the inside of the receiving tube to the inside of the third bending portion.

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