KR101456589B1 - State Management System For Machine Equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

More particularly, the present invention relates to a system for managing a state of equipment through a spectrum of faults, and more particularly, to a system and method for analyzing a state of a mechanical equipment by automatically analyzing a vibration spectrum of the equipment, And more particularly, to a health management system of a machine through a failure cause spectrum capable of instantaneously detecting deterioration or failure.

Description

{State Management System For Machine Equipment}

The present invention relates to a state management system for a mechanical equipment, and more particularly, to an apparatus and a method for controlling the state of a mechanical equipment by analyzing the vibration spectrum of the mechanical equipment and automatically determining the state of the mechanical equipment as normal, deteriorated, The present invention relates to a system for managing the state of equipment through spectrum analysis.

Vibration analysis is used to analyze the cause of failure of a general machine, which means analysis of frequency and amplitude.

Here, the frequency is used to analyze the cause of the fault, and the amplitude is used to analyze the degree of the fault. This is due to the fact that the frequency varies depending on the cause of the fault and the amplitude increases as the fault progresses.

However, it is known that it is an extremely difficult task to analyze the cause of accurate failure by analyzing the frequency of vibration even if it is professionally trained and skilled in the field, and yet it is known that the expert system (self-judgment system by computer) There is a problem that it is very difficult to manage the state of the machine equipment.

In addition, it is impossible to know which part of the fault is the problem only with the total vibration information of the mechanical equipment. Even if the total vibration value is low, it is possible to accurately detect the failure of the mechanical equipment It is difficult to know the failure of the mechanical equipment only after the failure, which may cause damage to the entire equipment or cause a serious accident.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a vibration spectrum analyzer for a machine tool that automatically determines a state of a mechanical equipment as normal, deteriorated, or broken, And to provide a state management system of the equipment through a spectrum of detectable failure sources.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a condition management system for a mechanical equipment, comprising: a vibration information collecting unit for collecting vibration information from a vibration generating element of a mechanical equipment; and a vibration analyzing unit for collecting vibration information from the vibration information collected from the vibration information collecting unit. And a control unit for comparing the measured vibration information generated from the vibration analysis unit and the reference vibration information stored in the database, And a state output unit for outputting state information of the machine equipment determined by the state determiner.

The vibration information collecting unit receives the vibration information measured from the vibration meter of the machine equipment, and accumulates and stores the vibration information pre-stored in the database.

The vibration analyzing unit may calculate a crest factor from the vibration information collected through the vibration information collecting unit and convert frequency information of the time domain into frequency information of the frequency domain to calculate a frequency and an amplitude And converts the vibration information into vibration information to generate measurement vibration information.

And the database stores reference vibration information including a wave rate and frequency and amplitude of each failure cause.

The state determiner may extract a feature frequency from the measured vibration information, and determine a state by matching the feature frequency with a frequency and an amplitude of a cause of the failure of the reference vibration information stored in the database.

The state determining unit compares the measured vibration information with the reference vibration information to determine a state, and the abnormal state is classified into a plurality of steps in which the risk gradually increases to determine a state.

In addition, the state determiner may determine the state by dividing the measured vibration information and the reference vibration information into a plurality of phases based on magnitudes of frequencies in frequency matching for each cause of the fault.

And the status output unit provides status information for each failure cause of the equipment determined through the status determination unit, in a graphical form.

As described above, the state management system of the mechanical equipment according to the present invention can confirm the real-time current state information of the mechanical equipment through the vibration analysis, so that an excellent effect of instantly detecting the abnormality of the mechanical equipment and detecting the fault can be obtained.

In addition, it analyzes the vibration automatically and provides the status information in the form that the administrator can easily check the status information. Therefore, it is possible to easily manage the condition of the equipment even if the manager is not skilled.

1 is a system configuration diagram schematically showing a state management system of a hardware according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating a vibration information graph in the time domain and a vibration information in the frequency domain according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a method of determining a status according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 illustrates a state in which state information is output according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram schematically showing a hardware state management system based on a fault cause spectrum according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the state management system of a mechanical equipment according to the present invention includes a vibration information collecting unit 10 for collecting vibration information from a vibration generating element of a mechanical equipment, A reference vibration information storage unit for storing the reference vibration information stored in the database and the measurement vibration information generated by the vibration analysis unit, And a status output unit 40 for outputting status information of the machine equipment determined by the status determination unit.

The vibration information collecting unit 10 plays a role of measuring vibration information from vibration generating elements such as an electric motor, a bearing, and a speed reducer.

To this end, the vibration information collecting unit 10 receives and collects the vibration information measured from the vibration measuring instrument installed in the mechanical equipment.

The vibration information may be configured as a time domain represented by an amplitude of a time waveform having time and amplitude as vertical and horizontal axes, respectively.

Here, the vibration information collecting unit 10 accumulates and transmits the transmitted vibration information to the measured vibration information previously stored in the database 50 when the vibration information is transmitted from the vibration meter.

The vibration analysis unit 20 plays a role of generating measurement vibration information for vibration analysis.

More specifically, the vibration analysis unit 20 calculates a crest factor from the vibration information collected through the vibration information collection unit, converts the vibration information of the time domain into vibration information of the frequency domain, And the amplitude information.

The frequency conversion may be performed by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).

Since the vibration information of the time domain is the vibration of the level indicated by the amplitude of the time waveform and the amplitudes of all the vibration generating elements are added to the amplitude, they can not be classified by each vibration generating element. However, The vibration information can be obtained for each vibration generating element, so that vibration analysis can be performed for each vibration generating element.

FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating a vibration information graph in the time domain and a vibration information in the frequency domain according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

First, when we look at the time domain, it can be seen that different amplitudes are displayed consecutively. However, it can be seen that the overall vibration level is the vibration of the level indicated by the amplitude of the time waveform. Compared with the integrated value, The crest factor can be used as a criterion for determining how smooth or sharp the shape of vibration is and thus determining whether there is an impact signal due to damage of the component.

Next, when looking at the frequency domain, it is possible to identify the types of amplitudes classified by the frequency, and the vibrations can be analyzed by the vibration generating elements.

For example, when the frequency spectrum of FIG. 2 is analyzed, a vibration of 83.3 Hz is detected, and there is a frequency corresponding to 11.4 times of the 83.3 Hz, and peaks of vibration appear at intervals that are substantially equal intervals .

Here, the vibration of 83.3 Hz corresponds to the rotation frequency rotating at 5000 rpm, and the vibration due to the unbalance of the rotating body. The vibration of 11.4X is the vibration due to the loose outer ring of the bearing. Quot; index ".

That is, the cause of the fault can be managed by matching the frequency of the characteristic frequency, and the spectrum of the cause of the fault converted into the cause of the fault can be generated.

That is, vibration information of the time domain can be used to confirm whether or not there is an impact signal due to the damage of the part. The vibration information of the frequency domain can be used to identify the part where the damage or failure occurs and the degree of failure can be confirmed.

However, in the past, it is difficult for a skilled expert to determine whether the mechanical equipment is malfunctioning or not by analyzing the vibration information of the time domain and the vibration information of the frequency domain visually. Therefore, And a state management system for automatically determining whether the state is a state.

The state determination unit 30 takes charge of the spectrum of the cause of the failure as described above.

To this end, reference vibration information for each cause of failure is stored in the database 50 in advance.

More specifically, the database stores and manages vibration information according to the state of each failure cause that can confirm whether the mechanical equipment is faulty through vibration analysis.

That is, the frequency information corresponding to the cause of the failure and the reference information of the indicator capable of determining the state of the cause of the failure are stored and managed in the database.

For example, if the cause of the failure is a bearing, the frequency of the failure of the bearing is AHz, the amplitude is 0 to a good, the a to b is the primary warning, c to d is the secondary warning, e, the reference information can be preset to the tertiary warning state, and if it is f or more, the fourth warning state.

Therefore, if the measured vibration information measured from the mechanical equipment is in the range of a to b, the amplitude of the frequency of AHz indicates that the failure condition of the bearing, which is the cause of the failure, is the primary warning state. .

Here, the values of the frequency A and the amplitude values a to f, which are the reference information, are variable values that can be set differently according to the specifications of the mechanical equipment and the operating conditions (constant speed equipment, transmission equipment).

Therefore, the state determining unit 30 compares the measured vibration information measured from the mechanical equipment with the reference vibration information stored in the database and previously stored in the database, Respectively.

In this case, if the constant speed equipment is operated at a fixed speed according to the mechanical equipment, the analyzed frequency can be matched as it is. However, in the case of a shift facility in which the rotation speed varies according to the necessity during operation, the rotation speed is measured And a separate rotational speed measuring sensor may be further included for this purpose.

It can also match one feature frequency as needed, and can include all vibrations in a wide range of frequencies, such as fluid vibration. The sum of the main vibration and drain components and the sum of the side waves are matched to the cause of the fault can do.

3 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a failure cause spectrum generation method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, when vibration information is measured from a vibration meter of a mechanical equipment, the vibration information collecting unit 10 receives the vibration information and accumulates the vibration information in the database 50.

Here, the vibration measuring device and the vibration information collecting unit 10 can transmit and receive data through a wired or wireless communication network, and can be constructed as a short-range wireless network such as RF, Bluetooth, ZigBee, .

When the vibration information is received, the vibration analyzer calculates a crest factor from the vibration information of the time domain and converts the vibration information of the time domain into vibration information of the frequency domain by FFT.

And extracts a feature frequency and an amplitude value for each cause of failure from the vibration information of the converted frequency domain.

The crest factor, the feature frequency and the amplitude value for each cause of failure are generated as the measured vibration information, and the fault cause spectrum is generated by matching the measured vibration information with the reference vibration information for each failure cause stored in the database.

The state determiner 30 generates the spectrum of the failure cause as described above and provides information for determining the current state of the equipment.

The spectrum of the cause of failure is output through the state output unit 40, and the current state of the cause of the failure of the equipment can be easily confirmed through the spectrum of the cause of the fault.

The failure cause spectrum is updated and updated every time the vibration information is measured from the mechanical equipment, so that real-time state management becomes possible.

Table 1 below is the status diagnosis table divided into two levels of steady state and four failure modes.

warning Display Justice Measures Good good Long-term operation without any problems Good fair There is no particular problem, but it shows a trend of increasing vibration  Requires thorough monitoring Primary warning caution No damage, but vibration is higher than threshold  Immediate precise diagnosis Second warning failure Predict the failure time as an early stage of damage  Establish a repair plan Third warning repair Damage severity is increasing, but short-term operation is possible  Carry out repairs as soon as possible 4th warning stop Severe damage has occurred and should be stopped immediately  Repair immediately after stop

The state determiner can basically distinguish between the normal state and the abnormal state. However, as shown in Table 1, the normal state can be determined by subdividing into two stages, and the abnormal state can be determined by subdividing into four stages have.

The good state refers to a condition immediately after a new introduction facility or repair, as well as a shock due to damage, as well as a very small state of vibration of all kinds suspected of being unbalanced, poorly assembled, or having an electrical or hydrodynamic design failure .

That is, it corresponds to the case where there is no frequency for each failure cause.

In addition, the fair state is an ideal stable vibration level, which does not fall within the category of failure but shows a tendency to increase or increase the vibration compared to the newly introduced equipment. amplitude means a very small level.

 The primary Caution state is the level of vibration that should be of interest to the extent that the level of vibration exceeds the level of general failure, although there is no evidence of definite damage, which implies a condition in which a precise diagnosis is recommended.

The second warning (failure) condition is that the shock due to the obvious damage is not caused or there is no sign of obvious damage, but the level of the vibration after the first warning is analyzed to exceed the second warning based on the general vibration standard. And to establish a repair plan to determine the appropriate repair time.

The third warning (repair) condition is the level required to repair immediately if possible, and the damage caused by the damage is getting worse. The equipment is in danger of being lost within 1 month. Especially, bearing damage is likely to occur. Which means that there is a possibility of permanent deformation due to vibration.

The fourth warning (Stop, immediate stop) state means that the system is inoperable due to damage and needs to be stopped immediately.

4, the state determination unit 30 generates a fault cause spectrum and outputs a state output signal to the state detector 30. The state detector 30 generates a fault cause spectrum, The unit 40 outputs the current state information of the equipment.

Referring to FIG. 4, the state determiner 30 matches the measured frequency information and the amplitude with the cause and state of the fault to display state information for each cause of the fault, and provides state information for each cause of the fault to the manager Thereby generating a fault cause spectrum.

That is, the extracted feature frequency can be matched to various types of fault cause names such as unbalance, assembly, motor, bearing, speed reducer, fluid, etc., and the amplitude can be converted to a relative value can do.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the extracted characteristic frequency can be matched with the cause of the failure. In case of a failure frequency of the bearing or a failure of the motor, the current state of the bearing failure or the failure of the motor Can be determined.

Here, the state index value according to the amplitude value can be set differently for each failure cause.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, each frequency (variable depending on the cause of the failure) can be indicated as the cause of the actual failure, and the amplitude of the vertical axis is relatively arranged to change the degree of the abnormal state from the first warning Stop), the administrator can grasp the status of the hardware at a glance.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

10: vibration information collection unit 20: vibration analysis unit
30: status determination unit 40: status output unit
50: Database

Claims (8)

A vibration information collecting unit for collecting vibration information from a vibration generating element of the mechanical equipment;
A vibration analysis unit for generating vibration information for vibration analysis from the vibration information collected from the vibration information collection unit;
A database for storing reference vibration information for each failure cause, including a frequency and an amplitude of each failure cause;
A feature frequency and an amplitude of the measurement vibration information generated from the vibration analysis unit are extracted and the frequency and amplitude of the reference vibration information stored in the database are matched with the frequency and amplitude of the cause of the failure, A state determination unit for generating a spectrum and determining a state by dividing the measured vibration information and the reference vibration information into a plurality of phases based on magnitudes of frequencies in frequency matching for each cause of the fault;
And a state output unit for outputting state information of the mechanical equipment determined by the state determination unit.
The method according to claim 1,
The vibration information collecting unit
Wherein the vibration information measured by the vibration meter of the mechanical equipment is received and accumulated and stored in the vibration information pre-stored in the database.
The method according to claim 1,
The vibration analysis unit
A crest factor is calculated from the vibration information collected through the vibration information collecting unit and the vibration information of the time domain is converted into vibration information of the frequency domain to be converted into vibration information including a frequency and an amplitude And the measurement vibration information is generated based on the measured vibration information.
delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The state determiner
Comparing the measured vibration information with reference vibration information to determine a state;
Wherein the abnormal state is classified into a plurality of steps in which the risk gradually increases, and the state is determined.
delete The method according to claim 1,
The state output unit
Wherein the state information of the hardware of the machine equipment determined through the state determiner is output in a graph form and provided to the state machine.

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