KR101417500B1 - Discharge Method Using Molten Metal Discharge Device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a molten metal discharging device capable of simply discharging and stopping molten metal, which is formed on a side surface of a metallurgical vessel, in which an outlet inlet portion is disposed toward the bottom surface of the metallurgical vessel and an outlet outlet portion A derivation tube located at a high position; And an outlet pipe attached to the side of the metallurgical container to be connected to the outlet, the outlet pipe including a laden inlet connected to the outlet pipe and a laden outlet disposed at a lower position than the laden inlet and the outlet inlet, The molten metal discharging device of the metallurgical vessel is connected to the discharge pipe and the lead-out pipe by bending, and a gas supply part for stopping the discharge of the molten metal is connected to the connecting part connecting the discharge pipe and the lead-out pipe.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a molten metal discharge device using a molten metal discharge device,

The present invention relates to a molten metal discharging method using a molten metal discharging device, and more particularly, to a molten metal discharging method using a molten metal discharging device for effectively discharging molten steel in a metallurgical vessel in a reactor for dissolving and refining metals, Lt; / RTI >

The electric furnace is a steelmaking process that scrapes steel materials such as scrap and DRI using electric energy and then refines them to the target component and temperature. It does not require blast furnaces, raw material disposal facilities, and sintering facilities compared to the conversion steelmaking method. , Carbon steel as well as stainless steel and special steel which can produce small quantity of various kinds of products. In addition, carbon dioxide emissions, which are greenhouse gases during the steelmaking process, are very low to one-fourth of the blast furnace, and are recognized as future steel technologies in that they are environmentally friendly facilities that can eliminate scrap .

As the price of petroleum has risen, the cost of electricity has been increased. This has also affected electric furnace steel making it possible to replace the electric power by utilizing chemical energy such as oxygen or natural gas. However, there is a limit, and technology for saving power by preheating scrap .

The scrap preheating technique has been developed to lower the power source unit input to the electric furnace by raising the enthalpy of scrap. The preheating furnace 2 and the melting furnace 1 are integrally formed in the case of the preheating furnace type electric furnace as in Patent Document 1 and the scrap 3 is preheated by using the waste heat source generated in the melting furnace 1 1). However, since the molten steel 8 generated in the electrode 6 must be discharged through the opening 14, the entire furnace in which the preheating furnace 2 is formed must be tilted. Since the preheating furnace 2 and the melting furnace 1 must be tilted at the same time, there is a problem in that the size of the preheating furnace 2 is limited due to the structural problem of tilting.

In another method, a method of separately separating the vertical preheating furnace 2 and the melting furnace 1 as in Patent Document 2 has been proposed. In the case of such an electric furnace, when the scrap is introduced into the melting furnace 1, the preheating furnace 2 is moved to the moving means 34 to be attached to the melting furnace 1, and during the tilting of the melting furnace 1, It is a missing configuration. In this case, however, the capacity of the vertical preheating furnace 2 does not occur, but the preheating furnace 2 is moved, so that the external leakage of the exhaust gas generated in the melting furnace 1, There is a problem that it flows into the inside. In addition, although continuous charging of scrap is possible, the dissolving furnace 1 must be tilted by removing the electric power supply device at the time of excavation, thereby resulting in non-conduction time, and continuous melting operation and flat bath operation are impossible.

On the other hand, a method similar to that of Patent Document 3 has been proposed in such a manner that a siphon principle is used for lecturing. In Patent Document 3, since a lubrication port must be formed and inserted into a container, and liquid must flow through a vacuum pump, there is a problem that a vacuum pump is additionally required and a separate lubrication port is required, and a vacuum device is installed inside the siphon There is a problem in that the equipment is complicated and the cost of constructing the equipment is high.

(Patent Document 1) JP1998-310813A

(Patent Document 2) KR2006-7012733 A

(Patent Document 3) WO2009-018796 A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a molten metal discharging method using a molten metal discharging device capable of simply discharging and discharging molten metal without further construction such as a vacuum pump .

It is another object of the present invention to provide a molten metal discharging method using a molten metal discharging device which facilitates discharging molten metal and stopping discharge of molten metal.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a molten metal discharging device capable of discharging molten metal at a fixed position without tilting.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a molten metal discharging method which does not contain slag and which can be dispatched even during energization.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a molten metal discharging apparatus and a molten metal discharging method as described below.

The present invention relates to a metallurgical vessel, comprising: a derivation pipe formed on a side surface of a metallurgical vessel, the inlet port being disposed toward the bottom of the metallurgical vessel, and the outlet port being located higher than the outlet port; And an outlet pipe attached to the side of the metallurgical container to be connected to the outlet, the outlet pipe including a laden inlet connected to the outlet pipe and a laden outlet disposed at a lower position than the laden inlet and the outlet inlet, The molten metal discharging device of the metallurgical vessel is connected to the discharge pipe and the lead-out pipe by bending, and a gas supply part for stopping the discharge of the molten metal is connected to the connecting part connecting the discharge pipe and the lead-out pipe.

In the present invention, the connection part may be connected to a sand supply part to which sand is input, and the sand supply part may be disposed adjacent to the gas supply part.

Further, in the present invention, an opener may be installed in the ladle outlet of the ladle pipe to store the molten metal until the ladle is opened.

At this time, in the present invention, the diameter of the lead-out pipe and the lead-out pipe may be between 100 and 300 mm.

In the present invention, a burner or an induction heating coil for preventing the solidification of molten metal may be installed in at least one of the lead-out pipe and the lead-through pipe.

In addition, the sand supply pipe is disposed on the upper surface of the vertically formed pipe, and the upper surface of the connection portion may be provided with an air discharge hole for discharging the air inside when molten steel is introduced.

The present invention relates to a metallurgical vessel, comprising: a derivation pipe formed on a side surface of a metallurgical vessel, the inlet port being disposed toward the bottom of the metallurgical vessel, and the outlet port being located higher than the outlet port; And a discharge pipe attached to the side of the metallurgical vessel to be connected to the lead-out pipe, the discharge pipe including a discharge inlet connected to the discharge pipe, and a discharge outlet disposed at a lower position than the discharge inlet and the discharge inlet, The molten metal is discharged through the gas supply unit provided on the upper surface of the connecting portion of the outlet pipe and the outlet pipe when the molten metal interface becomes lower than the inlet opening portion, And gas is supplied to the pipe to stop the feeding of molten metal.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the molten metal is introduced only when the height Hc between the inlet portion and the molten metal interface is 1.5 times or more the diameter of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe. Therefore, in the present invention, the molten steel can always be maintained at a constant level, so that continuous arcing is possible.

In the present invention, after the ladle is stopped, the opener disposed in the ladle outlet may be closed, and the ladle may be filled with sand through the sand supply unit formed adjacent to the gas supply unit.

The present invention can provide a molten metal discharging method using a molten metal discharging device capable of simply discharging and discharging molten metal without further configuration such as a vacuum pump through the above-described configuration.

In addition, the present invention can provide a molten metal discharging method using a molten metal discharging device which facilitates discharging molten metal and stopping discharge of molten metal.

Further, the present invention can provide a molten metal discharging device capable of discharging molten metal at a fixed position without tilting, and as a result, it is possible to provide a fixed type electric furnace, in particular, a continuous melting type electric furnace.

The present invention also provides a molten metal discharging method capable of supplying molten metal even during energization without mixing slag, thereby producing high quality steel.

1 is a schematic view of a conventional electric furnace.
2 is another schematic view of a conventional electric furnace.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a fixed electric furnace including the molten metal misting apparatus of the present invention.
4 is a perspective sectional view of a fixed electric furnace including the molten metal mine tapping apparatus of the present invention.
5 is a schematic view of the molten metal mine tapping apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the molten metal mine tapping apparatus of the present invention at the end of the ladle; FIG.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a fixed electric furnace 100 including the molten metal mine tapping apparatus of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a perspective sectional view of a fixed electric furnace including the molten metal mine tapping apparatus of the present invention.

3 and 4, the stationary electric furnace 100 of the present invention mainly includes a melting furnace 110 for melting molten steel by dissolving scrap and reduced acid iron using electrodes 111 to 113, a melting furnace 110 A preheating furnace 140 connected to one side of the preheating furnace 110 and preheating the scrap built therein by utilizing the exhaust gas generated in the furnace 110 and an exhaust gas passing through the preheating furnace 140, And a reducing furnace 160 that reduces the reduced iron oxide and provides reduced iron oxide (reduced iron) to the melting furnace 110.

A preheating furnace 140 is connected to one side of the melting furnace 100 and a fixed discharging means such as a siphon opening 180 is connected to the other side of the melting furnace 100 to allow the molten steel to flow in a fixed state. The melting furnace 100 is provided with a reduced iron inlet 117 through which the reduced iron flows into the upper side and a carbon injector 115 which injects carbon into the reduced iron near the reduced iron inlet 117. The carbon injector 115 injects carbon into the reduced iron, and the carbon reacts with the reduced iron to be directly reduced.

The melting furnace 100 melts an iron source (scrap, reduced iron oxide) in the melting furnace through an arc of three electrodes 111, 112 and 113 at the center. The melting furnace 100 and the preheating furnace 140 are connected to each other by an inclined surface 119 and the scrap of the preheating furnace 140 flows into the melting furnace 110 along the inclined surface 119. A burner 145 is disposed in the interior of the melting furnace 100 toward the scrap entry opening 118 to which the melting furnace 100 and the preheating furnace 140 are connected.

The burner 145 is provided inside the melting furnace 100 at the inlet of the preheating furnace 140, so there is no scrap at the exit of the burner 145, which is advantageous in that flame formation is easy. At this time, the burner 145 supplies only oxygen, and since it is a flue gas at a high temperature (1000 to 2300 ° C), it reacts with unburned CO when only oxygen is supplied. Particularly, since the fuel (C _x H _y ) does not enter, water vapor due to the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen is not generated, and hence filter clogging due to moisture at the time of dust collection can be prevented.

Next, the preheating furnace 140 will be described. The preheating furnace 140 has a sloped surface 119 formed at a predetermined angle so that scrap can be supplied to the melting furnace 110 at a lower surface thereof and an iron source supply portion 144 at an upper portion thereof. In the present invention, the preheating furnace 140 is a vertical preheating furnace 140 having a preheating space 141 in the vertical direction. In the present invention, the preheating furnace 140 is composed of a large preheating furnace 140 capable of retaining 80 to 150% of the scrap amount of electricity to the furnace since it is not tilted.

A scrap is filled in the inner space 141 of the preheating furnace 140 and a first gate 142 is provided between the iron source supply part 144 and the inner space 141 so that the scrap is filled in the inner space, And a second gate 143 are disposed. An exhaust gas outlet 150 is disposed in the lower portion of the first gate 142 so that the exhaust gas flowing along the inclined surface 119 of the lower surface can be discharged to the reducing furnace. Since the exhaust gas outlet 150 is disposed directly below the first gate 142 that supplies the iron source, the exhaust gas preheats all the scrap in the internal space 141 of the preheating furnace 140, Lt; / RTI >

The preheating furnace 140 of the present invention preheats the scrap filled in the inner space 141 with the sensible heat of the exhaust gas flowing in from the scrap entry opening 118 and the CO 2 heat of combustion heated by the burner 145. 3, the burner 145 is disposed in the melting furnace 110 toward the scrap entry opening 118, but it may be disposed inside the preheating furnace 140 instead of the melting furnace 110. However, it is advantageous in that the entire preheating temperature can be raised when the inlet 118 flowing into the preheating furnace 140 is heated.

The lower slope 119 of the preheating furnace 140 is provided with a supply means such as a pusher 155 for pushing the scrap of the lower part of the preheating furnace 140 into the melting furnace 110. The pusher 155 is connected to a driving means such as a cylinder and moves left and right along the inclined surface 119 to push the lower scrap into the melting furnace 110.

In the present invention, the preheating furnace 140 heats the built-in scrap to 600 to 800 ° C. and provides it to the melting furnace 110. When the scrap is heated to less than 600 ° C, the scrap temperature is insufficient and the effect of fuel saving is insufficient. Therefore, it is preferable to heat the scrap to a temperature of at least 600 ° C or more.

The reducing furnace 160 is provided with an iron oxide supply port 163 and an exhaust gas exhaust port 164 to which iron oxide is supplied and a reduction iron discharge port 167 through which reduced iron is discharged at the lowermost portion, And an exhaust gas inlet 161 through which the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 150 of the evaporator 140 flows into the reducing furnace 160 is disposed. On the other hand, a burner 165 is disposed on the inner side surface of the reducing furnace 160.

The reducing furnace 160 passes the preheating furnace 140 but heats the exhaust gas having a large amount of heat and unburned CO contained in the exhaust gas through the burner 165. At this time, the reducing furnace 160 is heated to a temperature of 900 ° C or higher, whereby harmful substances such as dioxins can be destroyed. Preferably, the reducing furnace 160 is heated to a temperature of 800 to 1300 ° C. In addition, in the iron oxide supply port 163, a carbon-containing briquette made of carbon mixed with a low iron oxide such as dust or scale is supplied, and a reducing atmosphere is created through the exhaust gas heat of the exhaust gas and the burner heat, .

Fig. 5 shows the appearance of the siphon opening 180, which is the molten metal tapping apparatus of the present invention. 5, the siphon opening 180 of the present invention is formed on the side of the melting furnace 110, the drawing inlet portion 181 is disposed toward the bottom surface of the melting furnace, and the drawing outlet portion 183 is disposed on the drawing inlet An outlet opening 184 attached to the side of the furnace 110 and connected to the outlet pipe 182 so as to be connected to the outlet pipe 182, And a discharge pipe 185 including a discharge outlet portion 186 disposed at a lower position than the discharge portion 184 and the discharge inlet portion 181.

At this time, the discharge pipe 185 and the discharge pipe 182 are connected by bending, and a gas supply part 184 for injecting inert gas into the upper surface of the connection part connecting the discharge pipe 185 and the discharge pipe 182, (188). A sand supply unit 189 is connected to the upper surface of the connection unit, and the sand supply unit 189 is disposed adjacent to the gas supply unit 188. The sand supply pipe 189 is disposed on the upper surface of the vertically formed pipe 185.

An opener 187 is provided in the ladle outlet 186 to store the molten metal until the ladle is opened.

On the other hand, the heating coil 191 is mounted on at least one of the pipe 185 or the pipe 182 to prevent the molten steel 121 passing through from being solidified. 5 shows that the heating coil 191 is installed only in the lead-out pipe 182. In FIG. 6, the heating coil 191 is shown as being installed only in the lead-in pipe 185, And the lead-out pipe 182 as shown in Fig.

The distance Ha between the laden inlet 184 and the ladder outlet 186 in the siphon inlet 180 of the present invention is preferably between 1000 and 2500 mm, It is preferable that the diameter of the pipe 185 is between 100 and 300 mm. When the diameters of the lead-out pipes 182 and 185 are less than 100 mm, the cooling of the molten steel rapidly proceeds in the lead-out pipes 182 and 185 so as to solidify in the lead-out pipes 182 and 185 In case of more than 300 mm, the scale of the facility becomes excessively large and the reality is lost.

The interface of the slag 121 in the melting furnace 110 is positioned at a position which is always higher than the outlet port 181 when the molten steel is discharged through the siphon opening 180 of the present invention, It is preferable that the molten steel is introduced in a state where the height Hc between the outlet pipes 181 and 181 is 1.5 times or more the diameter of the pipe 185 and the pipe 182. In the interface of the molten steel 121, 184) is because the height (H _f), the tapping pipe 185 and lead-182, is generated by the slag (120 vortex (vortex) to less than 1.5 times the diameter) of between it can be discharged with part molten steel tapped .

Hereinafter, the operation and principle of the siphon opening and closing port 180 which is the molten metal discharging apparatus of the present invention will be described.

Siphon Lecture hall  principle

The method of siphoning by the Siphon principle is a method of discharging utilizing the static pressure and potential energy acting in the reaction vessel.

The siphon opening and closing passage can be opened when the following expression (1) is satisfied.

(P _o -? _Slag x H _b +? _Steel x H _f )> (P _o -? _Steel x H _a )

Here, _o P: atmospheric pressure, γ _slag: slag weight ratio, γ _steel: steel weight ratio, Hb slag height, Hf: steel Height, Ha: tapping tube height

On the other hand, the height of the lead-out outlet 183 and the lead-in inlet 184 is determined by the following equation (2).

(P _o + H _b x γ _slag + H _{tapping weight} x gamma _steel ) > (P _o - gamma _steel x H _a )

Here, H _{tapping weight} : the height corresponding to the amount of reaction of the reaction vessel

The height of the exit opening 186 at which the opener 187 is mounted is determined by the following equations (3) and (4). In other words, since the height of the exit opening 186 affects the opening speed, it can be calculated using Toricelli's theorem.

One-time lecture / lecture time = ρ _steel x A xv ... (3)

(A: cross-sectional area of cross-sectional tube / derived tube, v:

H _g = H _e + H _d + H _c + H _b = v ² /

Where ρ _{steel is the} molten metal density, A is the tube cross-sectional area, v is the theoretical speed, g is the gravitational acceleration,

However, when the molten steel 121 flows through the inlet pipe / outlet pipe 182 and 185, the loss head is generated due to the influence of the inlet and internal shape and the surface roughness of the inlet pipe. The actual running speed is calculated by the following equation (5) when the loss head is taken into account.

v _real = √ (2 g x H _f / K)

Where v _{real is the} actual running speed, K is the loss factor

In this case, K is determined by the Moody chart showing the surface roughness and Reynolds number, and is expressed as 2 ~ 3.

According to the above-described design, the height and the cross-sectional area of the discharge pipe / discharge pipe 182, 185 of the present invention can be determined.

Siphon Lecture hall  action

The siphon opening and closing port 180 according to the present invention is configured such that when the scrap is charged into the melting furnace 110, the opener 187 of the siphon opening and closing port 180 is closed, After filling, the gas supply unit 188 and the sand inlet 189 are closed. Thereafter, melting and refining operations are performed in the melting furnace 110. The opener 187 is opened to discharge molten steel into the discharge pipe 185 by discharging the sand filled in the discharge pipe 185 to the outside. At this time, an air vent hole (not shown) for sucking air in the initial pipe 185 and the lead pipe 182 is formed on the upper portion of the connection between the pipe 185 and the lead pipe 182, (185) and the lead-out pipe (182) with only molten steel.

The gas is supplied from the gas supply pipe 188 and the molten steel in the pipe 185 is removed. The height Hc between the inlet ports 181 at the interface of the molten steel 121 becomes smaller than the diameter of the outlet pipe 185 and the diameter of the outlet pipe 182 Is 1.5 times or more than Even if gas is supplied from the gas supply pipe 188 when the molten steel interface is higher than the outlet portion 183, the pipe 185 can not be emptied because the molten steel is supplied again to the pipe 185 by the pressure difference, When the height Hc between the inlet portion 181 at the interface with the molten steel 121 is less than 1.5 times the diameter of the inlet pipe 185 and the outlet pipe 182, the slag 120 flows into the molten steel 121 So that the quality of the molten metal is lowered.

On the other hand, when the ladle end is started and the discharge pipe 185 is emptied by the gas supply pipe 188, the opener 187 of the discharge outlet 186 is closed and the discharge pipe 185 ) (See Fig. 6). The molten steel 120 can be prevented from flowing into the pipe 185 even if the interface of the molten steel 120 is increased due to the continuation of the melting. At this time, when the interface becomes high, an air discharge pipe (not shown) formed in the upper part of the connection part is opened so that the air in the connection part between the discharge pipe 185 and the discharge pipe 182 is released, The air discharge pipe (not shown) is closed. Meanwhile, after the sand is filled, it is preferable to press the sand pipe 185 filled with sand to prevent the molten steel 121 from entering the sand pipe 185.

Since the molten steel 121 has a height lower than that of the outlet port 181 when the sand is supplied, when the sand is filled after the gas is supplied from the gas supply pipe 188, the molten steel will not flow into the discharge pipe 185 . Accordingly, the gas can be supplied to the gas supply pipe 188, and the open pipe 187 can be closed and the sand pipe 185 can be filled with the open pipe 185.

When the siphon opening and closing port 180 is again used, the opener 187 is opened to discharge the sand filled in the discharge pipe 185 to the outside, thereby allowing the molten steel to flow into the discharge pipe 185.

In the case of the lead-out pipe 182 according to the present invention, the lead-out pipe 185 is formed on the side of the melting furnace 110, which is a metallurgical vessel. However, The molten steel 120 may be hardened in the pipe 185 when the molten steel 120 is filled in the molten metal discharging method of the present invention. It is advantageous for discharging molten steel.

Further, in the case of the present invention, since the lubrication is terminated through the gas supply part 188, and the lubrication is continued again after the opener 187 is opened after closing the lubrication through the sand, The constitution is not necessary, and the discharge and discharge of molten steel can be easily carried out.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, .

100: Electric furnace 110: Melting furnace
111 to 113: Electrode 115: Carbon injector
117: Reduction iron supply unit 118: Scrap entrance
140: preheating furnace 142: first gate
143: second gate 150: exhaust gas outlet
160: Reduction furnace 161: Flue gas inlet
163 Iron oxide supply port 164 Flue gas exhaust port
165: Burner 180: Siphon louver
181: Derivation inlet part 182: Derivation tube
183: lead-out outlet portion 184:
185: a discharge pipe 186: a discharge outlet portion
187: Opener 188: Gas supply section
189: Sand supply unit 190: Laminating member
191: Heating coil

Claims (9)

delete delete delete delete delete delete A lead-out pipe formed at a side surface of the metallurgical vessel, the lead-in inlet portion being disposed toward the bottom of the metallurgical vessel, and the lead-out portion being positioned higher than the lead- And a discharge pipe attached to the side of the metallurgical vessel to be connected to the lead-out pipe, the discharge pipe including a discharge inlet connected to the discharge pipe, and a discharge outlet disposed at a lower position than the discharge inlet and the discharge inlet, A method for discharging molten metal of a metallurgical vessel using a molten metal discharging device of the present invention,
When the molten metal interface is lowered than the laden inlet portion, gas is supplied to the ladle pipe through the gas supply portion provided at the connecting portion between the lead-out pipe and the laden pipe in a state in which the laden outlet portion is open, Thereby stopping the lure,
Wherein molten metal is introduced only when the height Hc between the molten metal interface and the inlet portion is at least 1.5 times the diameter of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.
delete 8. The method of claim 7,
Closing the opener disposed at the ladle outlet after the ladle is stopped, and filling the entirety of the ladle with the sand through the sand supply portion formed adjacent to the gas supply portion.

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