KR101404999B1 - System and method for calculating rainfall using a x-band radar - Google Patents

Abstract

인 것이 바람직하다. 여기서, R_X 값은 레이더로부터 산출한 강우량(mm) 값이고, I_x값은 레이더 영상의 픽셀 값이며, a값 및 b값은 지역특성과 강우 강도에 따라 결정되는 값으로, 0 < a <10^-2, 0< b < 10²이다. 상술한 바와 같은 본 발명에 따르면, 본 발명은 선박용 엑스 밴드 레이더(X-band radar)의 이미지 픽셀 값에 기초하여 소정 지점의 하루 중 누적 강수량을 산출하여 강우량의 공간분포를 제시함으로써 정확하게 누적 강수량을 예측하여 빈번하게 발생하는 국지성 집중호우 등에 의한 피해를 미리 예방할 수 있는 장점이 있다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using a marine X-band radar and a calculation method thereof. More specifically, the step (A) of scanning an X-band radar at a predetermined point and generating an analog signal by the scanning, the cumulative precipitation amount calculating device collects the analog signal at predetermined time intervals (B) converting the analog signal into a digital signal, and the cumulative precipitation amount calculating device performing time integration and obstacle removal of the digital signal collected by the step (B) to generate binary data having a spatial resolution (C) and a step (D) of calculating the precipitation amount through a predetermined relation formula reflecting the relationship between the converted digital signal and the actual rainfall amount calculated by the rain gauge, and providing the result of the calculation , Wherein the relational expression (D)

. Here, R and _X values are values of rainfall (mm) calculated by the radar, I _x is the pixel value of the radar image, a value and b value is a value that is determined in accordance with local characteristics and rainfall intensity, 0 <a < 10 ^-2 , 0 < b < 10 ² . According to the present invention as described above, the cumulative precipitation amount at a predetermined point on the basis of the image pixel value of an X-band radar for a ship is calculated to present a spatial distribution of the rainfall amount, There is an advantage that it is possible to prevent the damage due to the localized heavy rain which occurs frequently and predicted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using an X-band radar for a ship,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for calculating cumulative precipitation amount using a ship X-band radar, more precisely, by calculating a cumulative precipitation amount per day by using an X-band radar for a vessel, The present invention relates to a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using a marine X-band radar and a calculation method thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using a marine X-band radar and a calculation method thereof.

It is true that the frequency of local rainfall has increased in the face of global warming and controversy over abnormal weather phenomena. In the short term, it was impossible to overlook the loss of people and property caused by rain.

The C - band radar or S - band radar used for meteorological observation has wide - range monitoring of several tens to several hundred km, but it is not suitable for local observation. In addition, there is a problem that it is not easy to install and manage due to its size, purchase cost, and maintenance cost.

The X-band radar, developed for ships, is small in size and easy to transport and install, and its price is inexpensive compared to weather radar. In addition, it is possible to monitor up to 60km radius, which is very useful for predicting local rainfall and water management in urban areas. Therefore, there is a need for a method for calculating cumulative precipitation using an X-band radar.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for estimating cumulative precipitation amount at a predetermined point by using a scanning result of an X- And an object of the present invention is to provide a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using a ship X-band radar capable of predicting rainfall and preventing damages caused by frequent localized heavy rains and the like, and its calculation method.

Also, the present invention provides a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using a marine X-band radar that is easy to carry and install due to its small size by predicting the amount of precipitation using an X-band radar for ships, And a method thereof.

인 것을 특징으로 하는 선박용 엑스 밴드 레이더를 이용한 누적 강수량 산출시스템을 제공한다. 여기서, R_X 값은 레이더로부터 산출한 강우량(mm) 값이고, I_x값은 레이더 영상의 픽셀 값이며, a값 및 b값은 지역특성과 강우 강도에 따라 결정되는 값으로, 0 < a <10^-2, 0< b < 10²이다.According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for calculating cumulative precipitation using a marine X-band radar, comprising: an X-band radar for scanning an area to generate an analog signal; And an analog signal provided from the X-band radar to a digital signal, calculates a precipitation amount using a predetermined relational expression reflecting the relationship between the converted digital signal and the actual rainfall calculated by the rain gauge, And a cumulative precipitation amount calculation device for providing the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device,

The present invention provides a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using a marine X-band radar. Here, R and _X values are values of rainfall (mm) calculated by the radar, I _x is the pixel value of the radar image, a value and b value is a value that is determined in accordance with local characteristics and rainfall intensity, 0 <a < 10 ^-2 , 0 < b < 10 ² .

Here, the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device may include an X-band radar signal collection unit for collecting analog signals generated by the X-band radar at predetermined time intervals; An A / D converter for converting an analog signal collected by the X-band radar signal collector into a digital signal; A binary data generation unit for performing time integration and obstacle removal of the digital signal converted by the A / D conversion unit to produce binary data having spatial resolution; A precipitation amount calculation unit for calculating a precipitation amount by applying the digital signal converted by the A / D conversion unit to a predetermined relation; And a central processing unit for generating the precipitation binary data or the precipitation image data using the precipitation amount result calculated by the precipitation amount calculation unit.

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인 것이 바람직하다. 여기서, R_X 값은 레이더로부터 산출한 강우량(mm) 값이고, I_x값은 레이더 영상의 픽셀 값이며, a값 및 b값은 지역특성과 강우 강도에 따라 결정되는 값으로, 0 < a <10^-2, 0< b < 10²이다.In order to achieve the above object, a cumulative precipitation amount calculation method using a marine X-band radar according to the present invention is characterized in that (A) an X-band radar scans a predetermined point and generates an analog signal by scanning, (B) collecting the analog signal at a predetermined time interval and converting the analog signal into a digital signal, a cumulative precipitation amount calculating device for calculating a cumulative precipitation amount of the digital signal collected by the cumulative precipitation amount calculating device (C) of generating binary data having a spatial resolution by performing integration and removal of obstacles, and a step of calculating a precipitation amount through a predetermined relation reflecting the relationship between the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device and the actual rainfall amount calculated by the converted digital signal and the rain gauge And (D) providing a result of the calculation, wherein the relational expression of the step (D)

. Here, R and _X values are values of rainfall (mm) calculated by the radar, I _x is the pixel value of the radar image, a value and b value is a value that is determined in accordance with local characteristics and rainfall intensity, 0 <a < 10 ^-2 , 0 < b < 10 ² .

In the step (C), the X-band radar fetches the image of the predetermined point on the sunny day, and the X-band radar is taken on the precipitation day. And the obstacle is removed by comparing the two images.

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The method may further include generating (E) precipitation binary data or precipitation image data using the precipitation result calculated in the step (D), and providing the generated precipitation binary data or precipitation image data.

According to the present invention, the cumulative precipitation amount at a predetermined point is calculated using a scanning result of an X-band radar for a vessel, and a cumulative precipitation amount is predicted accurately by presenting a spatial distribution of a rainfall amount. There is an advantage that the damage due to the localized heavy rain can be prevented in advance.

Further, the present invention has an advantage in that it is easy to carry and install because it is small in size by predicting the amount of precipitation using an X-band radar for ships, thereby providing convenience to the administrator.

Also, in the present invention, X-band radar equipment used for predicting cumulative precipitation amount is different from other radar equipment (for example, C-band radar or S-band radar) It is advantageous to reduce the budget waste because it is cheaper.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an overall configuration of a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using a marine X-band radar according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device of Fig. 1; Fig.
3 is a flowchart showing an operation process of a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using a marine X-band radar according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an explanatory view illustrating the installation points of the X-band radar and the rain gauge;
5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a digital conversion process according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a time series variation and a correlation distribution of 1 minute count of the X-band radar and 1 minute rain rate of the rain gauge during a specific precipitation period.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a time series variation and a correlation distribution of cumulative counts and cumulative precipitation amounts of an X-band radar during a specific precipitation period; FIG.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using the marine X-band radar according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an overall configuration of a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using a marine X-band radar according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention includes an X-band radar 100, a cumulative precipitation amount calculation device 200, and a weather station automatic weather observation system 300.

The X-band radar 100 scans a predetermined point to generate an analog signal, and provides it to the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device 200.

The cumulative precipitation amount calculation device 200 converts an analog signal provided from the X-band radar 100 into a digital signal, applies the digital signal to a predetermined relation, calculates a precipitation amount, and provides a result of the calculation. The detailed configuration of the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device 200 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The AWS Automatic Weather System (AWS) 300 provides rainfall information of a predetermined point to the cumulative precipitation calculation device 200. This rain gauge information is used when a relationship is created.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the internal structure of the cumulative precipitation amount calculation apparatus of Fig.

The cumulative precipitation calculation apparatus 200 includes an X-band radar signal collection unit 210, an A / D conversion unit 220, a binary data generation unit 230, a precipitation calculation unit 240, a central processing unit 250, (260).

The X-band radar signal acquisition unit 210 acquires analog signals generated by the X-band radar 100 at intervals of one minute.

The A / D converter 220 converts the analog signal collected by the X-band radar signal collector 210 into a digital signal.

The binary data generation unit 230 performs time integration and obstacle removal of the digital signal converted by the A / D conversion unit 220, and regenerates binary data having a spatial resolution of 500x500 meters.

At this time, the binary data generating unit 230 fetches the image of the X-band radar taken on the predetermined point on a clear day, and the X-band radar is set at the predetermined point It is preferable to remove the obstacle by comparing the two images.

The precipitation amount calculation unit 240 calculates the precipitation amount by applying the digital signal converted by the A / D conversion unit 220 to a predetermined relational expression.

이다. 여기서, R_X 값은 레이더로부터 산출한 강우량(mm) 값이고, I_x값은 레이더 영상의 픽셀 값이며, a값 및 b값은 지역특성과 강우 강도에 따라 결정되는 값으로, 0 < a <10^-2, 0< b < 10²이다.Here, the relational expression is generated by reflecting the relationship between the digital signal of the X-band radar and the actual amount of rainfall calculated by the rain gauge. More specifically,

to be. Here, R _X Value was a rainfall (mm) value calculated from the radar, I _x is the pixel value of the radar image, a value and b value is a value that is determined in accordance with local characteristics and rainfall intensity, 0 <a <10 ^-2, 0 < b < 10 ² .

The central processing unit 250 generates and provides the precipitation binary data or the precipitation image data using the precipitation amount calculated by the precipitation amount calculation unit.

The storage unit 260 stores a relational expression used for calculating the cumulative precipitation amount and an analog signal or a converted digital signal collected by the X-band radar signal collecting unit 210.

Hereinafter, the operation of the cumulative precipitation calculation system using the marine X-band radar according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation process of a cumulative precipitation amount calculation system using a marine X-band radar according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

First, the X-band radar 100 scans a predetermined point, and provides the analog signal generated by the scanning to the cumulative precipitation amount calculating device (step S100).

Thereafter, the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device 200 collects analog signals at intervals of one minute, and then converts the analog signals into digital signals (step S110).

Then, the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device 200 performs time integration of the digital signal collected by step S110 (step S120).

Thereafter, the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device 200 fetches the image of the X-band radar taken on the predetermined spot on a clear day, and the X-band radar is located at the predetermined point (Step S130), and reproduces the binary data having a spatial resolution of 500x500 meters (step S140).

Then, the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device 200 calculates the precipitation amount by applying the digital signal to the predetermined relational expression (step S150).

이다.At this time, the relational expression is generated by reflecting the relationship between the digital signal of the X-band radar and the actual rainfall calculated by the rain gauge,

to be.

Here, R _X Value was a rainfall (mm) value calculated from the radar, I _x is the pixel value of the radar image, a value and b value is a value that is determined in accordance with local characteristics and rainfall intensity, 0 <a <10 ^-2, 0 < b < 10 ² .

Then, the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device 200 generates and provides precipitation binary data or precipitation image data using the precipitation amount result calculated in step S150 (step S160).

In summary, the digital signal regenerated by the above-described method is extracted from the grid-like pixel coordinates of the rain gauge installation point in order to derive the relation between the precipitation amount observed by the rain gauge system and the digital signal. The digital signal is converted to precipitation data by quantitatively deriving the observed precipitation and its relationship. In addition, the converted data is generated and stored as binary data and image data.

Hereinafter, experimental examples of the present invention and effects of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view for explaining the X-band radar position and the installation point of the rain gauge.

First, in order to quantitatively analyze the relationship between the digital signal converted from the X-band radar and the actual precipitation observed with the rain gauge, a radar installation area and an actual precipitation measurement point are selected as shown in FIG. The location of the X-band radar is indicated by a red dot, and the rain gauge installation point is indicated by a blue dot.

The radar installation point is Haejong-myeon (34˚1'N, 127˚1'E) in Suncheon-si, Jeollanam-do and the scanning area is 32x32 km. The actual rainfall data were obtained from the weather system of the Automatic Weather System of Suncheon branch (34˚5'N, 127˚8'E).

Hereinafter, the digital conversion operation of the X-band radar will be described.

FIG. 5A shows an image measured with an X-band radar on a clear day, FIG. 5B shows a digital converted image on a clear day, FIG. 5C shows an image measured with an X- Fig. 5D shows a digitally converted image of the precipitation day.

As shown in these drawings, a signal for an obstacle such as a terrain is received on an image measured by an X-band radar on a clear day (see FIG. 5A), and a signal including an obstacle is received in the image measured on the precipitation day (See FIG. 5C).

The X-band radar analog images of Figures 5a and 5c can be expressed in the form of digital signals of Figures 5b and 5d using a digital conversion method.

This digital conversion method is central to the work of correcting precipitation signals including obstacles on precipitation days with pure precipitation signals that remove the influence of obstacles. It is also a very important technology for quantitatively analyzing the relationship between the precipitation signal of the X-band radar and the actual rainfall.

In the following, the relationship between the X-band radar digital signal and the actual rainfall amount will be described.

6A shows time-series fluctuations of the 1-minute count of the X-band radar and the 1-minute precipitation of the rain gauge during a specific precipitation period (August 11, 2010 to July 7, 2010). FIG. 6B shows a specific precipitation period ~ 7 o'clock) shows the correlation distribution of the 1 minute count of the X-band radar and the 1 minute precipitation of the rain gauge.

Time resolution 1 minute x-band radar One minute of precipitation data is more useful than cumulative precipitation to derive the relationship between digital signal and precipitation. During the precipitation period of the present invention, the one minute count of the X-band radar and the one minute rainfall of the rain gauge were examined by time series analysis and correlation analysis, and the trends of the presence or absence of precipitation were very similar (see FIG.

However, the correlation between digital signal and precipitation was difficult to judge by the AWS 1-minute precipitation because the AWS rain gauge had a low resolution of 0.5 mm (see FIG. 6b).

If the resolution of the rain gauge is low, it is effective to derive the relationship between the digital signal of the X-band radar and the actual precipitation using the cumulative precipitation of the rainfall measured by the rain gauge. However, in order to find a more stable and efficient correlation, Use collected data.

The time resolution of the digital conversion data of the X-band radar and the time resolution of the AWS rain gauge at Sunchon branch are all 1 minute, and the data of the precipitation period from 0 to 7 o'clock on August 11, 2010 were utilized.

FIG. 7A shows time-series fluctuations of cumulative counts and cumulative precipitation amounts of the X-band radar during a specific precipitation period (August 11, 2010 to July 7, 2010), and 7b shows the correlation distributions of cumulative counts and cumulative precipitation amounts of the X- Respectively.

The cumulative precipitation of the observation point measured by the rain gauge was 82 mm, and the cumulative count of the X-band radar at the same spot was recorded as 14530 (see FIG. 7A).

On the other hand, from 0 to 2 o'clock, the precipitation was concentrated, and cumulative count and cumulative precipitation tended to increase sharply. Also, the variation of cumulative count and cumulative precipitation amount almost coincided with the period of no precipitation for 20 minutes from 2:00 and the period of precipitation after 20 minutes.

The time series of cumulative counts and cumulative precipitation showed very similar tendency during the period when the precipitation occurred during the 7 - hour precipitation period and during the period when it did not.

In particular, the correlation coefficient between the cumulative count and cumulative precipitation was very high (0.992), as shown in Figure 7b. This means that there is a strong correlation between the digital signal of the X-band radar and the actual precipitation, which means that it is possible to convert the digital signal of the X-band radar into precipitation.

가 되는 것이다.Therefore, the relationship that can calculate rainfall with radar image data is

.

Here, R _X The value is the rainfall (mm) value calculated from the radar, and the I _x value is the pixel value of the radar image. The range of a and b is 0 <a <10 ^-2 and 0 <b <10 ² , respectively, which are determined by local characteristics and rainfall intensity.

The present invention has been shown and described with respect to specific preferred embodiments thereof. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention by those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be construed as being determined not by the specific embodiments but by the appended claims.

100: X-band radar 200: Cumulative precipitation calculation device
210: X-band radar signal acquisition unit 220: A / D conversion unit
230: binary data generation unit 240: precipitation calculation unit
250: central processing unit 260:
300: Automatic weather observation system

Claims (9)

An X-band radar that scans a predetermined point to generate an analog signal; And
Calculates an amount of precipitation using a predetermined relational expression reflecting the relationship between the converted digital signal and the actual amount of rainfall calculated by the rain gauge, converts the analog signal received from the X-band radar into a digital signal, A cumulative precipitation amount calculating device for providing the cumulative precipitation amount;
, &Lt; / RTI &gt;
The predetermined relational expression may be expressed as:

Wherein the cumulative amount of precipitation is calculated by using a marine X-band radar.
(R _x value is the rainfall value (mm) calculated from the radar, I _x value is the pixel value of the radar image, and a value and b value are values determined according to the regional characteristics and the rainfall intensity, 0 <a <10 ^-2 , 0 &lt; b &lt; 10 ² )
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cumulative precipitation amount calculation device comprises:
An X-band radar signal collector for collecting analog signals generated by the X-band radar at predetermined time intervals;
An A / D converter for converting an analog signal collected by the X-band radar signal collector into a digital signal;
A binary data generation unit for performing time integration and obstacle removal of the digital signal converted by the A / D conversion unit to produce binary data having spatial resolution;
A precipitation amount calculation unit for calculating a precipitation amount by applying the digital signal converted by the A / D conversion unit to a predetermined relation; And
And a central processing unit for generating the precipitation binary data or the precipitation image data using the precipitation amount calculated by the precipitation amount calculation unit.
delete delete (A) scanning an X-band radar at a predetermined point and generating an analog signal by scanning the X-band radar;
(B) collecting the analog signal at predetermined time intervals and converting the analog signal into a digital signal;
The cumulative precipitation amount calculation device performs time integration and obstacle removal of the digital signal collected by the step (B) to generate binary data having a spatial resolution; And
(D) calculating the precipitation amount through a predetermined relational expression reflecting the relationship between the converted digital signal and the actual rainfall amount calculated by the rain gauge, and providing the result of the calculation
&Lt; / RTI &gt;
The predetermined relation of the step (D)

And calculating a cumulative precipitation amount using the ship X-band radar.
(R _x value is the rainfall value (mm) calculated from the radar, I _x value is the pixel value of the radar image, and a value and b value are values determined according to the regional characteristics and the rainfall intensity, 0 <a <10 ^-2 , 0 &lt; b &lt; 10 ² )
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step (C)
The X-band radar fetches the image photographed at the predetermined point on the sunny day of cumulative precipitation calculating device, and the X-band radar picks up the image photographed at the predetermined point on the precipitation day And comparing the two images to remove obstacles. A method for calculating cumulative precipitation using a marine X-band radar.
delete delete 6. The method of claim 5,
Further comprising the step of: (E) generating and providing precipitation binary data or precipitation image data by using the precipitation amount result calculated in the step (D); and calculating the cumulative precipitation amount using the marine X-band radar .

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