KR101398804B1 - the eye position calculating method of the stereoscopy displaying device which consists of the pair-eye type eye position calculator, the fan-shape modified lenticular and the liquid crystal type barrier. - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, by using a modified lenticular structure having a structure in which the size of an RGB color pixel composed of three fine pixels in a square is reduced to a small size and a composite light in which colors are mixed is radiated to reduce the area of emitted light, And changes the light path between the screen and the eye into a controllable state. The liquid crystal barrier lines are continuously arranged at equal intervals and the width of the arrangement is made equal to the width of the deformed pixel. This enables a wide variety of control patterns to be changed by setting the width of one liquid crystal element as a minimum unit of control. There is a unique feature that can control the barrier surface in the form of digital data that can be processed quickly by using binary array of various control and simple binary operation. The combination of the deformed lenticular lens and the liquid crystal barrier enables fine light paths to be controlled, enabling convenient viewing of stereoscopic images without using glasses, and enabling viewers to view stereoscopic images at the same time.
In the present invention, a more popular stereoscopic image display device is realized by adding a communication device to the stereoscopic image display device so that more people can use interactive stereoscopic image communication between a plurality of viewers as well as a plurality of people.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display apparatus, and more particularly, to a stereoscopic image display apparatus using a binocular type sensor, -shape modified lenticular and the liquid crystal type barrier.

The present invention relates to a display device for realizing a stereoscopic image, and relates to optical and electronic engineering. In optical, there are various types of optical systems such as refraction, reflection, scattering, polarization, RGB (red-green-blue), liquid crystal, 3D, lenticular, parallax barrier, Space division, time division, facial recognition, eye position tracking, and the like. Electronic engineering involves binary shift operations, OR operations, AND operations, TFTs, image compression, and communication devices.

The reality provided by TV, which is a plane medium, stimulates the sense of hearing and vision of the human body so that people can feel reality through the sensory organs directly connected to the brain. Furthermore, stereophony was invented in a way to stimulate auditory sense, and stereoscopy was invented in the visual sense, which leads to a feeling of three-dimensional feeling, which is a more realistic feeling.

The technique of expressing a stereoscopic image on a flat screen uses a method of displaying two different images on both eyes to transmit two images of the stereoscopic effect to the brain at the same time and causing an illusion as if looking at one stereoscopic body. The stereoscopic image is expressed on a flat screen by using a red-eye glasses system, a polarized glasses system and a shutter glasses system. However, a parallax barrier system or a lenticular system is used for a person who is not comfortable wearing glasses. There is a problem that only a limited number of people can see it or a reversal of the stereoscopic effect is produced. Therefore, there is a continuing development of a method of reducing this problem and displaying it for a large number of viewers.

The color display devices such as a monitor and a TV employ a fine R-G-B three-pixel method for color representation, and thus are very suitable for viewing a general color image. However, when the path of the light is changed for the stereoscopic image, the more distant the viewer's eye distance, the more the deviation of the light path becomes, and the color unevenness occurs. In addition, the pattern of the luminescent pixel arranged in a lattice pattern and the path of the barrier line are liable to be designed in a wrong manner, and moire of wave pattern is frequently generated. This problem can be solved by making the size of the pixel very small or designing the optical path very finely. Modern electronics technology enables very small pixels and can be precisely produced so that it does not become distorted when designing and manufacturing the optical path. Nevertheless, in the field of stereoscopic images, color blurring and moiré are continuing to occur.

The lenticular and parallax barrier for the stereoscopic image have a path of the refracted light of the lenticular sheet for determining the position of the eye and an opening pattern of the parallax barrier line, and the stereoscopic image can be appreciated at the position determined by the determined path or pattern. For example, a parallax barrier is a pattern of stereoscopic images for a left eye and a right eye, which are drawn on a transparent film or printed on a transparent film. The display screen is divided longitudinally into long areas and separated into crossed regions of the left eye and right eye. The light path of the image starts from the intersection of the other light emitting pixels of the vertically separated screen area. The light path of the left eye image and the right eye image originating from different areas pass through the same opening of the parallax barrier pattern, Move to the destination with different angles. Therefore, the parallax barrier plays a role of preventing mixing of the left eye image and the right eye image which are drawn in a pattern on a film or the like and crossed, and the viewing position can not be changed due to the already drawn and fixed pattern. In addition, since some parallax barriers using the liquid crystal use a parallax pattern of the same principle, it is difficult to change the position of the eyes that can appreciate the stereoscopic image. If the viewing position is changed, there is a problem of inverting the three-dimensional sensation, and the obtrusive angle of the object is reversed.

Since the parallax pattern controlling the optical path and the lenticular refraction angle are fixed, the inversion phenomenon of the same stereoscopic effect occurs in various places of the viewing range, and thus it is very difficult to perform the multi-view point for various viewers.

The stereoscopic image display device was used only in a special place, not popular because it was very difficult to use. Therefore, stereoscopic imaging devices have rarely been sold in the popular electronics market. Such a problem is likely to be solved easily if a stereoscopic image display device is combined with other electronic products and used publicly.

In the present invention, in order to reduce the occurrence of color blurring and moiré, the size of RGB color pixels composed of three fine pixels in a square is reduced to a small size, and three separated colors of Red, Green, and Blue are converged to one scattering surface, The use of a modified lenticular structure that reduces the total area of the traveling light by a structure that radiates synthetic light provides an effect of reducing the color blur and changing the light path between the screen and the eye into a controllable state.

In the present invention, liquid crystal lines having vertically very long and narrow widths are applied to the barrier surface. These liquid crystal barrier lines are arranged in parallel at even intervals and the width of the array is made equal to the width of the pixel. This is a feature of the present invention. It is a regular and nonlinear structure having one width as a basic unit of control, and enables a very wide variety of patterns to be changed by using simple control units of 'on' and 'off' do. This feature also has a unique feature that can control the barrier surface with binary data patterns in the form of digital data that can be processed quickly by using various binary arrangements for control.

In the present invention, a more popular stereoscopic image display device is implemented by providing a communication device to a stereoscopic image display device so that a larger number of viewers as well as a larger number of people can enjoy interactive stereoscopic images between both parties .

The combination of the deformed lenticular and the liquid crystal barrier enables convenient viewing of stereoscopic images without using glasses, and at the same time, various viewers can view stereoscopic images.

FIG. 1 shows the overall appearance of the relief recognition unit
Fig. 2 is a drawing showing the recognition of the shape of the face and the eye based on the photographed screen
Fig. 3 shows the structure of the modified lenticular
Figure 4 shows the various forms of the modified lenticular
5 is a drawing expressing a production method of a deformed lenticular;
6 shows the structure of the barrier surface
Figure 7 is a drawing of the basic framework of the unit shift.
FIG. 8 is a drawing expressing the operation of unit shift
Figure 9 shows a table of viewing distance and unit length
Figure 10 shows a table of changes in viewing distance
11 shows a binary table for patterns
FIG. 12 is a representation of a representative figure, centered on a barrier

The present invention mainly includes a position recognition unit for recognizing the position of an eye, a deformed lenticular for processing a light source, a liquid crystal barrier for controlling an optical path, and a stereoscopic image control unit.

The relief recognition unit of the present invention compares two cameras of sufficient pixels and images taken by the camera to calculate eye angles and distances, converts the values into horizontal distance i and horizontal deviation j, and transmits them to the stereoscopic image control unit in real time And a light source that emits infrared rays or infrared rays and visible rays may be added. In the example in which the present invention is applied to an HDTV screen, the relief recognition module is configured to detect, from two color cameras of at least 200 mega pixels or more fixed at the same interval on the left and right sides of the central axis of the screen, Images are provided. The number of CCD pixels of the cameras used in the example of the HDTV screen of the present invention is set to be equal to or higher than the number of basic pixels of the HDTV screen or 200 mega pixels or more and is used as a reference with a color camera having a view angle of about 100 degrees, A monochromatic camera can be used instead of one having the same performance or more. In addition, in the case of a separate type rather than an integral type, for example, a stereoscopic image system using the present invention may be used in a case where only a recognition recognition portion is separately prepared and attached to a TV screen and a PC monitor, Two cameras are attached to the upper part of the monitor to connect to the PC instead of connecting to the recognition recognition module, and a built-in security recognition module is incorporated in the PC, or connected to two cameras using the PC's central processing unit And the like are executed in the same manner.

A simplified external drawing of an embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig.

In the present invention, the comfort recognition unit may be a device for directly receiving images transmitted from two cameras.

In the present invention, the comfort recognition unit may be an in-PC device, which is a location to receive images transmitted from two cameras through an input / output interface of the PC.

In the present invention, the comfort recognition unit may be a program which receives an image transmitted from two cameras via an input / output interface of a PC and operates in a software manner using a central processing unit.

In the present invention, the position of the viewer's eyes is obtained from the captured images. The embodiment is divided into 128 unit angles in the horizontal direction at the center of the screen. In this case, since the angle of the entire screen is the view angle of the camera, that is, the angle of the view angle to the left and right of the screen, the unit angle is an angle obtained by dividing the view angle by 128, and the center angle is 0 unit angle. In the case of FULL HD TV, the horizontal resolution of the screen is 1920, so there are 960 pixels on the left side and 960 pixels on the right side. When the horizontal resolution 1920 is divided by 128 unit angles, there are 15 pixels for each unit angle. Therefore, if the degree of the left-right spreading of the position of the eye from the center of the screen to the left and right is J, the value obtained by dividing J by 15 is an angle considering the position of the eye.

In addition to tracking the position of viewers near the screen in the angle of view of the camera, if the viewer's main viewing range is further away, a narrower angle of view is needed. The average viewing distance is about 2.25 times the screen length. Therefore, the viewing distance satisfying the condition corresponding to the average viewing distance of the recommended viewing range is not less than 11 mm to 20 mm, The lens needs to be used. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a camera having a sufficient number of pixels of at least twice the size of 200-megapixels is used, and the image can be photographed with a lens of 11 mm to 20 mm. In addition, the curvature of the left and right ends of the 35 mm to 50 mm lens can be adjusted to capture a wider range, or both ends of the photosensitive portion of the 11 mm to 20 mm lens can be made to have the same effect with fewer pixels have.

The camera for comfort recognition according to the present invention tracks the position of the eye with an image captured by a camera of more pixels to adjust the shooting range and uses only the center image of the captured image when the range adjustment is required May be used.

In order to adjust the photographing range, the camera for recognition recognition of the present invention may use a deformed lens whose refractive curvature is adjusted at both ends of the lens or a modified photosensitive unit whose pixel density at both ends of the photosensitive unit is adjusted.

In the example in which the present invention is applied to an HDTV screen, the angle of view constitutes an angle of view suitable for dividing the number of 1920 horizontal pixels constituting the captured screen into a plurality of unit pixel angles. For convenience of calculation, horizontal angles of 128 deg., 120 deg., 96 deg., 80 deg., 64 deg. Can be used.

In the center of the screen, an angle of about 64 degrees horizontally can be divided into 64 fine unit pixel angles. The size of each unit pixel angle is about 1 degree. The camera is divided into 128 pixel angles with respect to the angle of view of 128 degrees, and 15 pixels are arranged for every 1920 pixels in each unit pixel angle.

An angle of about 60 degrees horizontally from the center of the screen can be divided into 60 fine unit pixel angles. The size of each unit pixel angle is about 1 degree. 16 pixels are arranged in each unit pixel angle for all 1920 pixels divided by 120 pixel angles with respect to the angle of view of 120 degrees of the camera.

An angle of about 48 degrees horizontally from the center of the screen can be divided into 48 fine unit pixel angles. The size of each unit pixel angle is about 1 degree. The camera is divided into 96 pixel angles with respect to an angle of view of 96 degrees, and 20 pixels are arranged for every 1920 pixels in each unit pixel angle.

Mapping is performed to link the relationship between the pixels of the HD screen photographed in the above manner and the eye position angles.

There may be several ways to track the position of the eye on the photographed screen.

In the present invention, the size of the unit angle connected with the pixels of the image taken by the camera of the position recognizing unit can be an uniform unit angle without change as it goes from the central axis of the screen to the edge as in the above-described execution example.

In the present invention, the size of a unit angle mapped to a pixel of an image photographed by the camera of the relief recognition unit may be a unit angle that exponentially increases from the center axis of the screen to the edge.

In the present invention, the size of the unit angle that is mapped to the pixel of the image captured by the camera of the position recognition unit may be a unit angle that increases according to the increase of the angle around the camera from the center axis of the screen to the edge.

In the embodiment of the relief recognition unit of the present invention, it is possible to utilize the fact that total reflection occurs when a ray of a specific wavelength is incident at a specific angle. It is commonly referred to as the red-eye phenomenon of the eye. Light that passes through a lens-like lens in the eye structure is easily reflected from the surface of the retina and returns to the retina. The capillary structure of the retina reflects a specific spectrum . Since the specific spectrum reflected is within the range of visible light and infrared rays, the position of the eye can be easily determined when a specific color is traced on the screen. In order to achieve this, in the camera, a visible light beam and an infrared light are mixed with one light modulating module in the camera, or two visible light modulating modules are separately photographed with visible light and infrared light. In addition, Infrared light sources or visible light and infrared light sources, respectively. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the position of the eye can be easily tracked due to the shape of the pupil to be emphasized, as well as to be easily photographed even in a dark environment.

In another embodiment for tracking the position of the eye of the present invention, the pupil or the face may be located by extracting the same pattern on the captured image after storing the pattern of the pupil or the face in advance. In this embodiment, when the viewer moves away from the screen and presses the save button, various types of faces photographed at a specific position are stored. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, A method of locating the eye can be used. In this embodiment, since the shape and color of the eyes around the eyes must match, a plurality of images are obtained by guiding the face to rotate left and right when photographing and storing the face of the viewer in advance. The images of the eyes and the face are stored in pixel units and can be shortened several times in a smaller size image pattern to be used even when the viewer moves away backward.

The specific forms that can be obtained from the face of an embodiment of the present invention include a round shape of the pupil, an oval shape of the eye, a tilt shape of the nose, a long shape of the nose extending upward from the nose tip, a swollen shape of the cheek, The basic shapes such as the height of the mouth, the shape of the ellipse of the mouth, the length of the center line of the lips, the shape of the head, the presence or absence of the glasses, and the like can be used. You can also use advanced types of patterns, such as using the length, slope, and color change values of line segments. This tracking method is briefly shown in Fig.

The eye position tracking in the present invention can use a method using eye red eye phenomenon.

In the present invention, the eye position tracking may use a method of tracking the eye and face patterns by searching the photographing screen.

In the present invention, it is possible to use an advanced pattern for tracking an eye in order to more easily track various types of eyes and faces.

In the present invention, the eye position tracking may be performed by using a red eye phenomenon of the eyes, or a general pattern of the eyes and the face or a developed pattern in the photographed screen.

The present invention can also process a captured image transmitted from a camera into a simple image in order to increase the speed of the position recognition unit and generate the position of the eye in real time. As an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of information on the screen is simplified by receiving the image from the camera. A gray tone image is generated by averaging the three RGB values of the shot screen on a pixel basis or a brightness value of a plurality of standard pixels uniformly designated on a gray tone screen is averaged, The entire screen can be sampled very simply in lighter or darker black and white 1s. The image data values extracted by the binary values of black and white which become the reference based on the average value become black and the bright point becomes white becomes the simplest image within the same resolution. It is possible to transmit the position of the eye to the stereoscopic image control unit in near real time by increasing the processing speed by processing the simplest image so that the position of the eye can be discriminated. In the example using the above-described red eye phenomenon, when an infrared light source is used and the surroundings of the viewer are very dark, the difference between the shining pupil portion reflected by the infrared ray and the non-shining portion is very large. Therefore, the image to be processed can be made very simple, and it can be made into a 1-bit image of black and white, and the position can be easily traced even in the simple image. By increasing the processing speed as much as possible, the horizontal distance i and the horizontal deviation j of the eye can be transmitted to the stereoscopic image control unit in near real time.

When the position of the eye is tracked on the photographed screen, the distance and the angle are determined by comparing with the position of the eye tracked on the other screen. First, make sure that the eye where the position is tracked is the left eye or the right eye. If the image pattern of the recognized face is shifted to the right, it is in the right eye. If it is shifted to the left, it is in the left eye. Check the left and right eye, first this way and eye _R Attributes and eye _L Attribute, calculate the position through the following process, and take i, j.

When the position of the eye to be tracked in the image shooting in the two camera distance of the eye to be said pixel each of A _L and pixels each A _R of each point angles eye _L and the point eye _R took place from the central axis of the camera, the image sensing screen And distance and angle from the center axis of the left and right image cameras are calculated using the distance between the two cameras and the trigonometry.

The distance of the eye i '

to be. The pixel angle of the eye averages each pixel angle in the left and right images, and the pixel angle A of the eye is

to be.

In the example of the present invention, when the position of one eye is photographed by the left camera, the position of the 165th pixel is located from the center to the left of the screen, and when the right camera is located at the 225th pixel from the center to the left of the screen, When the distance d between the two cameras is 60 mm and the ratio of the pixel pixel angles of the screen is 15 to 1,

The pixel pixel angle A of the eye is the average of the pixel angles of the left screen and the right screen

to be. Here, when a vertical line is formed in the center axis direction of the left and right image cameras, the horizontal distance i of the eye, which is the length of the vertical line, and the horizontal deviation (horizontal deviation) j shifted from the center axis to the left and right direction

Therefore, in the above example

to be.

In the present invention, the process of transmitting the values of the eye _L , eye _R , the horizontal distance i, and the horizontal deviation j generated by this method to the stereoscopic image control unit is repeated.

Modern conventional display systems using RGB (Red-Green-Blue) three-pixel system to represent color images can be classified into three types: a direct mode in which light emitted separately from three pixels is directly transmitted to distant eyes -view), the pixels are very small in size, and the distance to the eye is too far away from the resolution of the eye, so there is no need to synthesize colors and it is difficult to distinguish individual colors before the viewer approaches the screen.

In the case of a display device such as a TV considered in the present invention, since a fine three-pixel method is used for color representation, it is very suitable for viewing a typical color screen. However, when a group of fine pixels for a stereoscopic image and a barrier surface through which light is transmitted are used at the base of the screen, the farther the distance of the eye is, the greater the deviation of the optical path becomes, and the color fading occurs. In addition, the pattern of the luminescent pixel arranged in a lattice pattern and the path of the barrier line are liable to be designed in a wrong manner, and moire of wave pattern is frequently generated. This problem can be solved if the size of the pixel is sufficiently small or when the pixel has the effect of emitting light in the overlapping pixel.

The present invention provides a composite structure of pixels for solving this problem. Figure 3 shows a rough figure. The composite structure composed of three convex convergence planes, a path of a narrowed color, and one scattering plane corresponding to the shape of the RGB three pixels 301 has a function of absorbing more color rays, convergence in the central axis direction Function, and the scattering function of the rays of light radially spread from the center of the scattering surface to the space, and will be described in detail in the following examples.

The absorbing surface in the form of a superimposed three cylindrical shape in the sector of FIG. 3 faces the light emitting surface 301 to absorb more color light rays. The absorbing surface 304, which is close to the light emitting surface and absorbs light, is convex. At least one thin plate-like reflector 302 is disposed on the absorption surface toward the light emitting surface. The convex form of the symmetrical center absorbing surface is such that the protruding convex ceiling is in contact with the light emitting surface and both convex shapes of the left and right absorbing surfaces are curved shapes starting from the end of the reflecting plate erected perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the pixel Should approach the light emitting surface of the liquid crystal as the cylindrical surface approaches the central axis of the structure. A transparent spacer 303 having an effect of reducing the refraction space by increasing the absorption of the color light can be provided in a space above the convex cylindrical surface of the left and right sides to facilitate attachment of the light emitting surface. The short convex cylindrical shapes of the cylindrical sidewalls are positioned such that the convex cylindrical shapes of the short sidewall of the convex cylindrical surface of the cylindrical sidetail are located at the bottom of the convex cylindrical surface, The two reflectors 302 located at the outer edges of the convex shapes of the left and right convex shapes are wider than the reflector plates of the sagittal bone by the length from the light emitting surface of the pixel to the convex cylindrical shape ceiling.

The absorbing surface supports the reflecting surface 306, which is inclined at a constant angle. The angle 305 of the supported reflecting surface is about 15 degrees. The length or depth of the face can be adjusted according to a predetermined reduction ratio. The exposed surface of the reflective surface has a reflective effect due to the material that causes total internal reflection. For example, it may be coated with silver or aluminum. In the fan-shaped embodiment, both ends of the reflection surface are connected at a constant slope to the scattered surface whose width is narrowed by the reduction ratio r on the absorption surface. Reflected from the surface of the cylindrical lens through the absorbing surface, refracted toward the focus, and reflected by the reflecting surface, the rays of various colors converging to the central axis penetrate the scattering surface and are synthesized and spread out into space.

The scattering surface 307 may be a transparent form combining at least one convex or concave shape and may be made semi-transparent or painted on the surface or some of the material under the surface to help scattering.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the transparent scattering surface 307 at the sector handle position of FIG. 3 is where the synthesized light rays are collected by gathering the three color rays. The color light beams reflected directly or through one or two times during passing through the reflection surfaces on both sides are converged into a synthesized and transmitted light, resulting in the same effect as light emission on one light emitting surface. The effect of reducing the width of the square RGB 3 pixels to 1: r or reducing the area of the pixel by r is to reduce the blurring of the color throughout the light paths that transmit light from the light emitting surface to the eye, It has the effect of deforming and drawing regularity. The scattering surface is made of a transparent vertical cylinder having at least one convex or at least one convex or concave shape. Through the convex surface of the cylinder, the light is transmitted through various refracting surfaces and the light scattering effect is used to reduce the width of the light emitting surface of the square to a relatively small artificial scattering surface and synthesize the converged color rays. The function of absorption, convergence and scattering of the color light, which is contemplated in the present invention, is carried out through the sector-shaped transparent structure deformed in this manner.

The ratio of the area reduced from the absorption surface to the scattering surface is called the reduction ratio r. The function of this composite structure is to reduce incident light to the area of r. This composite structure has a unidirectional structure and functions asymmetrically with respect to both sides. For example, when the positions of the absorption surface and the scattering surface are reversed relative to the normal direction in which the pixel area is reduced to r without changing the light amount, the light amount is transmitted only by r.

The three convex surfaces described in detail in the embodiment of the present invention, the thin total frontal slopes between them, the both side total slanting surfaces narrowed gradually by a constant slope, and the narrow-width scattering surfaces made of at least one convex or concave shape The present invention refers to a fan-shape modified lenticular, and the present invention includes a structure and a manufacturing method of the deformed lenticular, and a method of attaching the deformed lenticular to a screen.

The deformed lenticular according to the present invention may be made of a funnel-shape rather than a fan shape as shown in FIG. 4 to horizontally and vertically shrink RGB pixels.

The modified lenticular lens of the present invention can reduce the number of optical paths and thus controllability by reducing the number of pixels to one synthesized pixel.

The modified lenticular lens of the present invention may have an additional lens structure and a reflective structure on the pixel attachment surface side for effective absorption of light.

The structure of a lens that helps light scattering can be added to the scattering surface called the modified lenticular of the present invention.

Various types of translucent structures can be added to the scattering surface of the modified lenticular according to the present invention to assist light scattering.

In order to synthesize the color of the modified lenticular according to the present invention, the area of the scattering surface may not be the same as the original area of the plurality of pixels by synthesizing a basic area composed of three light-emitting pixels into one composite pixel.

The lateral width of the absorption surface called the deformed lenticular according to the present invention may not be equal to the lateral width of the three RGB pixels of the screen or the area and shape in which the deformed lenticular is attached may be different from the area and shape of the three pixels.

In the present invention, in order to reduce the occurrence of color blurring and moiré, the size of RGB color pixels composed of three fine pixels in a square is reduced to a small size, and three separated colors of Red, Green, and Blue are converged to one scattering surface, And the light path between the screen and the eye is changed into a controllable state by using a deformed lenticular structure that reduces the total area of the advancing optical path by reducing the combined light.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a lenticular deformed into a fan shape can be manufactured based on the width of three RGB pixels. Here, the screen of the display device may include a backlight system such as a PDP system or a MOLED system, a backlight system such as an LCD system, a flat CRT system, or a projection system in which a laser beam The present specification does not describe the types of screens in detail. For example, in consideration of the fact that the width of the RGB pixel of the HD TV is less than 1 mm, and the width of the RGB pixel of the computer monitor is about 0.2 mm, the width, the total reflection surface, Create a lenticular. In the case of a computer monitor, the size of a light emitting pixel is as small as about 0.2 mm so that the length of a reflecting surface of a fan can be shortened. In HD TV, the depth of the fan is relatively deep because the size of the light emitting pixel is about 0.6 mm .

In the present invention, the scattering surface has a lateral length of 0.1 mm and may be fabricated in a range of 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm for convenience of production. This size range is finer and smaller than the RGB pixels of the display, which range in size from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm. If the width is less than 0.05 mm, the manufacturing cost is increased by a fine process. If the width is increased to be more than 0.2 mm, the space for control is widened and the size of the display device is increased. The accuracy of the control is reduced, and it is difficult to separate the optical path of the left and right images, which leads to an increase in manufacturing cost. Sized display device used for ordinary portable video devices, home TVs, and PCs is made of a scattering surface having a width of about 0.1 mm, and if a large screen such as a movie theater is used, It may be produced with a scattering surface width.

In order to manufacture a pixel synthesis structure of the present invention, that is, a deformed lenticular, first, a reflective grating plate having a narrow width fitted to the width of an RGB pixel is manufactured, and a fan- shaped lenticular body is elongated, . ≪ / RTI > Silver is coated on the both sides of the total reflection surface, the translucent treatment is performed on the scattering surface, and a deformed lenticular is assembled in the order that the additional cylindrical lenses having a higher refractive index than that of the structure are added to the scattering surface. Then, a total reflection grating appropriately manufactured on the pixel surface of the display is attached vertically, and the deforming lenticular is attached on the front surface thereof. After attaching the deformed lenticular to the top of the screen, the light emitting surfaces of the RGB pixels should be carefully checked to ensure that they are attached in the correct spacing and direction. An example of production of a modified lenticular is shown in Fig.

The number of deformed lenticules that are vertically attached to the light emitting surface is related to the horizontal resolution of the screen. For example, a typical horizontal resolution of a screen that is less than 10 inches in size is about 1024 pixels. In this screen, the number P of deformed lenticules attached to the present invention is 1024. In the case of Full HDTV, since the horizontal resolution is 1920, the number of deformed lenticules attached to implement the present invention is 1920 pieces. Since the screen size, pixel arrangement, and density vary widely, the width of the scattering surface is designed to be about 0.1 mm, and the size of the bottom surface of the deformed lenticular is also made different, and the slope or width of the frontal slope of the side is slightly different.

In the modified lenticular according to the present invention, 1920 modified lenticular structures made in the above embodiment may be attached one by one on the light emitting pixels of the screen.

In the present invention, fixing the deformed lenticular on the screen may be a method of integrally forming the linear lenticular or point lenticular lenticular in the form of a rigid plate or a soft sheet, , Small parts can be attached in several circuits.

The present invention is not limited to the various changeable forms of the RGB pixels of the attachment surface. For example, RGB pixels are usually formed in a square shape in the order of RED, GREEN, and BLUE from the left, but they may be arranged in an oblique direction or a reverse order of pixel arrangement for the purpose of increasing resolution, May be arranged to arrange RGB pixels. However, this transparent structure has no limitation on the color of the light rays incident on the three absorption planes adjacent to the RGB pixel planes, and the composite function of absorption, convergence and scattering is a feature that reduces the area of the incident light, There is no causal relationship with the change in the area or shape of the pixel causing the color change. Accordingly, if the structure of the deformed lenticular is made of a fan, which is a characteristic feature of the present invention, and the deformed lenticular is attached at an accurate interval in a predetermined direction, functions of convergence, reflection, and scattering can be operated.

In the present invention, the barrier surface fixed parallel to the display screen and the deformed lenticular array surface in a space separated by a certain distance in the direction of light traveling toward the viewer's eyes from the surface of the deformed lenticular array attached to the screen reduces the size of the optical path The function of the deformed lenticular to controllably change is added to the function of controlling the light path so as to transmit individual images to the viewer's left and right eyes.

In the case of considering the ordinary parallax barrier in the light path, the left eye image displayed in a certain region of the screen is displayed in the left eye, and the image in the right eye region is displayed in the right eye. The concept is the opening barrier. However, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the barrier is a blocking barrier of a blocking concept for blocking the image of the left eye displayed on the screen from being seen in the right eye and blocking the image of the right eye from being seen in the left eye, Time difference display method which is alternately displayed on one screen.

The present invention is characterized by a delicate barrier type barrier that can block the path of fine rays individually for each light emitting point, and this barrier face is located in a space between the screen and the viewer's eye by a distance g from the screen. As soon as the image of the right eye flickers on the screen, the control unit of the barrier blocks the path to the left eye so that the left eye can not see the blink of the right eye image, and the right eye is blinked . In addition, since the pixel width is uniformly reduced by the characteristic lenticular structure of the present invention, the opaque non-blinking region of the reflection surface fills the scattering surface, so that only the liquid crystal lines corresponding to the scattering surface are turned on, It is possible to perform a control operation to selectively block the paths. At this time, the image is transmitted to the opposite eye through the non-blind area mapped to the non blinking area, that is, the remaining open paths other than the path blocked in the barrier.

In the control of the barrier of the present invention, a liquid crystal that responds to electricity is used in a control method using electricity, a liquid crystal blocks light rays when a voltage is applied, So that the barrier is electrically controlled. The control of the barrier surface of the present invention uses an electric element, which is a kind of an electric light path control element of a kind such as a liquid crystal that has a fixed operating portion and can control the passage of light rays electrically, And an electric control element such as a gate or a memory for controlling the flow of the current for constitution is used.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal will be briefly described. When the liquid crystal is filled between the two glass plates and the transparent electrode having the thin grooves arranged thereon is inserted and the voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules in the base state are arranged in a line to immediately block the progress of the light beam. When the applied voltage is removed, the color becomes gradually lighter and transparent, and the rays can proceed. The same principle is used for a liquid crystal display (LCD) having a back light. An array of TFTs (Thin Film Transistors) is used in which transistors, which are electric control elements, and other circuit elements are combined with each other in such a manner as to control the intensity of a voltage supplied to the liquid crystal in order to finely control the amount of light emitted from pixels displaying color.

The present invention can use a liquid crystal structure in a barrier that fills with a liquid crystal and blocks the progress of a light beam by applying a voltage.

In the embodiment of the present invention using a liquid crystal barrier, in the case of using an LCD type screen using the liquid crystal in the same manner as the display means of the image, consideration should be given to the polarization property generated when the light ray passes through the liquid crystal surface do. Accordingly, the transmittance can be adjusted so as to have the maximum transmittance by rotating the liquid crystal surface to align or approach the polarization axis.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the barrier structure using the liquid crystal is enlarged and represented in Fig. This drawing shows a structure of a barrier surface in which transparent electrode plates having fine grooves are sandwiched between glass plates on both sides and liquid crystal is filled therebetween. As shown in the embodiment of Fig. 6, the transparent electrode plate is very long and narrow in width. The difference in voltage between the transparent electrode plates directs the liquid crystal in a certain direction, and the liquid crystals aligned in one direction block the progress of the light rays. These liquid crystal barrier lines are arranged at equal intervals in parallel and the width of the array is made equal to the width of the scattered surface. This is a feature of the present invention, and it becomes a nonlinear form having one width as a basic unit of control, and enables two changes of on and off using a minimum unit of 'on' and 'off'. This feature is also a basis for controlling various types of liquid crystal barrier lines by using a binary array for various control transmitted from a stereoscopy controller.

The path of the light beam originating from the scattering surface instantaneously travels through the unobstructed portion of the barrier and through the empty space filled with the room air to the straight path leading to the viewer's eyes. This path is also a microscopic path that must be controlled very robustly at the same time, but at a very fast light speed. If a structure that reduces the width of the scattering surface finely is omitted, such as a deformed lenticular lens, there is no space in the paths of the rays toward the viewer's eye, so that fine and robust control becomes impossible and the optical path can not be controlled. The effect can not be generated.

In the present invention, the structure in which the barrier line width of the barrier is equal to the width of the scattering surface is distinctly different from the past invention. In the invention using a common parallax barrier, the width of the barrier pattern drawn on the barrier surface is characterized by being proportional to the appropriate width of the unit area displaying the left eye image and the right eye image. However, the present invention is characterized in that the width of the scattering surface is the same as the width of the barrier, and the path of the light directed from the scattering surface to the eye is finely controlled. Unlike the past invention in which the pattern of the barrier surface is defined so that the regions where the left eye image and the right eye image intersect are displayed on the left and right eyes through the opening portion, the light emission point of each light source is controlled, The light source is controlled in a certain direction, and the whole is controlled using a non-linear pattern of 'on' and 'off'.

The fixed horizontal width of the barrier line of the present invention is intentionally changed to increase or decrease the width of the barrier line with respect to the width of the scattered surface in a special case in which the viewing range for viewing a stereoscopic image is intentionally enlarged or reduced intentionally You may.

In the embodiment of the present invention, an alternative form of the barrier surface is a horizontal arrangement of vertically vertical liquid crystal lines, and liquid crystal lines lightly filled between transparent electrodes are arranged in a width of about 0.1 mm. The number of barrier lines on the barrier surface is obtained by multiplying the number P of deformed lenticules attached to the display screen by the reciprocal of the reduction ratio r of the light source. For example, if the reduction ratio is 50% and the RGB width is reduced by half, two barrier liquid lines must be constructed for each variation lenticular. In this case, if the number of horizontal pixels is 1024, the barrier lines are configured with a ratio of arranging 2048 pixels.

In the embodiment of the present invention, if the horizontal resolution p of the HDTV is 1920 and the reduction ratio r of the pixel area is 20%, the liquid crystal line count B of the liquid crystal barrier line can be calculated by multiplying 1920 resolutions by 5, which is the inverse number of the reduction ratio of 0.2 Therefore, the number becomes 9600.

In this embodiment, when 9,600 barrier lines and 1920 light emitting surfaces are overlapped in parallel, it can be seen that the pattern is repeated regularly at regular intervals. One light emitting surface and five barrier lines are continuously and repeatedly repeated. If the reduction ratio is reduced to 20%, that is, 0.2 times, it can be seen as a ratio of one light emitting surface to each of five barrier lines. If this is expressed as 'on' and 'off' for electrically controlling the liquid crystal barrier

off-off-off-off-off-off-off-off-off-off-

And 9,600 electric control signals as shown in FIG.

If you mark this as a binary number of '0' and '1'

'... ... 0001000010000100001000010000100001000010000100001 ... ... '

And can be expressed as a binary number B of 9600 digits. The binary positions '1' and the electrical mark 'on', the barrier lines in the barrier, and the emission positions of the scattering surface are interrelated, and the logical binary value is the electrical control signal from the gate set, They continue to work with the blocking pattern and become equivalent to each other.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to cut off the paths of light spreading in the air on the barrier surface, it is necessary to have a circular pattern B ₀ in which the scattering planes of the modified lenticular are '1' . If the reduction ratio r of the scattering surface with respect to the RGB pixel area is 50%

'... ... 1010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010 ... ... '

, And if the reduction ratio r is 33.3%

'... ... 00100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100 ... ... '

If the reduction ratio r is 25%

'... ... 00100010001000100010001000100010001000100010 ... ... '

If the reduction ratio r is 20%

'... ... 00100001000010000100001000010000100001000010 ... ... '

If the reduction ratio is 16.7%

'... ... 0001000001000001000001000001001000001000001000 ... ... '

.

The present invention uses an array of binary numbers as a signal pattern B for controlling a liquid crystal line of a barrier in order to control a light path.

The present invention can be applied to both a control operation for turning on a liquid crystal with a binary number '1', a control operation for turning off a liquid crystal at a binary number '0', a control operation for turning a liquid crystal on a binary number '0' .

In the present invention, various patterns for controlling the path of light may be used, and a transmission pattern that transmits only a path of light that is desired to block and control all other paths may be used.

The present invention may use various arrays of base numbers based on n squared powers of 2, such as binary, quadrature, octal, and hexadecimal numbers, for more various control operations and a wider range of applications.

In the embodiment of the present invention, it has been shown that the binary array arrangement functions to apply a voltage to the liquid crystal electrode of the barrier while passing through the gate set. The structure of this gate set is a combination of a circuit element such as a memory element and a transistor such as a transistor, which is a control element, and must be capable of effectively performing an AND operation, a shift operation, and the like used in the present invention. As can be seen from the embodiments of the present invention described in detail below, the same result can be obtained by using any electronic circuit as long as it is a circuit for processing an OR operation, a shift operation, and the like required by the present invention. Therefore, detailed description of the details of the gate circuit set is not described in this embodiment.

In the present invention, the gate sets controlling the barrier may be structured separately for each liquid crystal line.

In the present invention, the gate assembly for controlling the barrier may be a structure composed of a combination of integrated circuits which consist of several small modules and control the entire barrier lines as in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the present invention, the gate set for controlling the barrier may be a single integrated circuit structure which is composed of one module and controls the entire block collectively.

In the present invention, the gate set for controlling the barrier may be included in the upper stereoscopic image control unit to indirectly control the lower barrier liquid crystal lines.

In a typical parallax barrier, a pattern of a parallax barrier line for determining the position of an eye is determined, and a stereoscopic image can be appreciated at a position determined by the determined pattern. Conventional parallax barriers are used to print stereoscopic image patterns for the left and right eyes, which are painted on transparent films, and to fix them so that they can not move and draw pictures. One screen is divided longitudinally into appropriate regions of the left and right eyes , The optical paths of the stereoscopic images of the left eye or the right eye start from the other light-emitting pixels of the vertically separated screen area. The optical paths of the left eye image and the right eye image originating from different regions are proportional to the divided regions and pass through the same opening portion of the smoothly parallax barrier pattern so as to have an appropriate distance and angle so that the left eye image and the right eye image are different Advances the space with an angle. Since the ordinary parallax barrier serves to prevent mixing of the left eye image and the right eye image crossed with each other by being drawn on a film or the like and some parallax barrier using the liquid crystal uses a parallax pattern of the same principle, It is difficult to change the position of the eyes.

In the present invention, the barrier is characterized in that the pattern of the barrier is not fixed at first, but the pattern is varied in various positions of the eyes and there is no limitation on the position of the eyes. To do this, we divide the set of liquid crystal lines, which are finely evenly spaced on the barrier surface, into appropriate unit lengths, and treat the divided unit lengths as if they were separate logical sets. Controlling the paths of light proceeding at the same angle by a control pattern for blocking liquid crystal lines located at a predetermined angle from a liquid crystal line positioned at a vertical position on all light emitting surfaces within a unit length, The light path for the light path also appropriately controls the paths of the changed light toward one point on the space where the eye is located by using the control pattern changed to a slightly more inclined angle. The present invention is characterized in that a method of electrically shifting the liquid crystal lines of the pattern one by one by a pattern signal pushed one space at a time without physically pushing the barrier face is taken to be a characteristic part of the present invention. It does not actually push the pattern of the barrier, but moves the 'on' / 'off' pattern of the barrier line within the unit length equally to the center of the eye in the direction of the center of the eye.

In the present invention, the paths of all the light sources within the same unit length are parallel to each other with the barrier and the eye facing the same angle. The path of the light in the center of the unit length is directed to the exact center of the eye and the path of the light at both ends of the unit length is parallel to the path of the central light and is directed to a point half a unit length to both sides of the target eye. As a result of slipping the control binary number by one digit per unit length, the light rays originating from all the light sources of the screen travel through the barrier surface to which the control pattern is applied and converge toward one point of the space. It is like a converging effect of a lens that refracts and focuses on a focal point, as if it were actually blocked, in a wide convex lens.

This is called a unit shift. This is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

A method of generating a barrier surface control pattern according to the distance of various viewers by means of an arithmetic unit called a unit shift can be described in detail through an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the horizontal length of the stereoscopic image is divided by the unit length m. It is assumed that the division unit length has approximately the following relationship with the distance i from the eye when the width of the screen is 1280 mm.

For example, if the distance from the screen to the eye is 3000 mm, the unit length m for the shift operation will be 23.4375 mm when watching at a distance i which is wide enough for viewing a stereoscopic image. However, since the width of the liquid crystal line which is the minimum unit of the barrier line is 0.1 mm, the unit of measurement of the value i for obtaining the unit length m should be expressed by a multiple of 12.8. For example, a multiple of 12.8 smaller than 3000mm is 2995.2mm and a large multiple is 3008mm. The unit length m is 23.4 mm at 2995.2 mm, and the unit length m is 23.5 mm at 3008 mm. When the distance from the eye is 5120mm, the unit length m is 40mm, and the unit length m is 20mm at 2560mm, and m is 10mm at 1280mm. Please refer to the table in FIG. 9 for easy understanding.

However, if the display device is portable and small, that is, as in the case of a mobile communication equipment, a palm-top computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), etc., There may be a case where the length of the unit length m is adjusted by the change of the surrounding environment such as the size of the display device which is reduced as in the case of the apparatus. For various occasions, there is a more general expression below.

The unit length m has the following relationship with respect to the viewing distance i and the binary number.

The length of the unit is longer if the screen is longer, so that it can be viewed from a longer distance, and is shorter if viewed from a shorter distance.

Although the unit length m is generally uniform in the present embodiment, in order to smoothly operate at a predetermined average viewing distance

The unit length m 'of the barrier surface and the liquid crystal line width f' may be made smaller.

In the present invention, the unit length of the stereoscopic image control unit for controlling the barrier may be an even unit length without any change from the center to the edge of the screen as in the above-described example.

In the present invention, the unit length of the stereoscopic image control unit for controlling the barrier may be a unit length that exponentially increases from the center to the edge of the screen.

In the present invention, the unit length that the stereoscopic image control unit divides to control the barrier may be a unit length that increases according to an increase in angle around the eye toward the edge from the center of the screen.

The pattern of the unit length divided by the stereoscopic image controller to control the barrier can be the same as the pattern of the typical parallax barrier in which the opening of the same width and the closed loop are repeated when the screen size is sufficiently small and the viewing distance is short. Therefore, the present invention may be regarded as a kind of modified parallax barrier in which the parallax barrier is deformed into a very complicated shape. However, according to the present invention, a stereoscopic image is more similar to a shutter glass system in which glasses are used in a manner in which the left eye image and the right eye image are temporally separated.

In the embodiment of the present invention, 2 ⁿ is proportional to the horizontal length L of the screen, and the unit length m is as shown in the table of FIG. 9 for the viewing distance i and the horizontal length L of the screen.

9, when the horizontal length L of the screen is 1280 mm and 2n is 128, the unit length is 2.5 mm to 40 mm, and the viewing range at this time is 2.5 mm to 320 mm, m At 5 mm, the viewing distance is 640 mm, m is 10 mm, viewing distance is 1280 mm, m is 20 mm, viewing distance is 2560 mm, and 5120 mm when the unit length is 40 mm. In the same manner, if the horizontal length L of the screen is 640 mm, the viewable distance of the stereoscopic image will range from 160 mm to 2560 mm. Table 10 shows the same contents.

The ratio suitable for controlling the unit lengths including the barrier lines varies greatly depending on various screen sizes and various viewing distances, and the present invention can be implemented without dividing by the value of ²ⁿ . That is, when L = 1000 mm, the unit length may be divided by 100 by 2 ⁿ in dividing viewing distance i. This is because it is most effective to control the pattern of the barrier composed of binary numbers to show 2 ⁿ power in this embodiment. Further, in the case of implementing the present invention by using a finer liquid crystal line, the multiplier n of 2 may be increased.

In the present invention, the unit length dividing the control pattern of the barrier may be various lengths depending on the size of the screen, the viewing distance, the separation distance of the barrier surface, the liquid crystal line width, and the like.

In the present invention, the viewing distance by the control pattern of the barrier is proportional to the unit length and the length of the n-th power of the binary number.

The recommended viewing range according to the horizontal length of the screen is as shown in the table of Fig. 8, and for the reason that the distance between both eyes does not vary, in the example of the table for carrying out the present invention, m is about 40 mm or less Shall be used. On the other hand, the maximum possible range of the unit length possible in the present invention is less than 60 mm, which is the distance between the eyes. The reason for this is that the path of light at both ends of the unit length is a path passing through the left and right eyes of the eye. Since the distance between the eyes is only 60 mm, when the unit length m approaches 60 mm, the view ranges of the left eye and right eye, It is impossible to view the stereoscopic images crossing each other.

Therefore, if you want to watch at a much longer distance with the same length of screen, it is recommended to increase the spacing or to make the barrier line finer rather than increase the unit length.

The binary number B for control to be transmitted to the barrier in the control unit for controlling the stereoscopic image are two types, B _L for left eye image timing and B _R for right eye image timing. B _L Is a binary number used to block the light path from the scattering surface to the right eye and B _R is a binary number that controls the path of the light to the left eye. Applicable to non-continuous liquid crystal barrier surfaces by engraving with the appropriate unit length m and controlling each.

The stereoscopic image controller calculates and stores the control binary number, and then transmits the binary number to the barrier. For example, when the reduction ratio r is 20%, the control pattern B ₀ is a basic pattern in which the scattering surface arrays are superposed one on the other in the liquid crystal line array

'... ... 000010000100001000010000100001000010000100001000 ... ... '

And 2 mm corresponding to twenty liquid crystal wires are used as a unit length and divided by m,

'... ... 00001000010000100001 00001000010000100001 000010001000010001 ... ... '

The same pattern is repeated.

The pattern of binary numbers when the path of the light starting from the light-emitting pixel passes through the barrier line and travels vertically through the space is the basic pattern B ₀ . When the position of the target eye is in the vertical direction with respect to the screen, the patterns of b ₀ and B ₀ coincide with each other. At this time, when viewing the position of the eye at the shortest distance, that is, The light path is cut off and the light-emitting pixels of the screen are not seen. Then, as the distance from the downward waterline is half of the unit length, the scattering surfaces begin to blink.

When the barrier is controlled by using the basic pattern B ₀ , scattering planes start to be visible from a distance half a unit length from a water line down to the screen. Therefore, a set of liquid crystal lines of the next unit length You need to move a little. The path straight line of the light blocked by the barrier is slightly inclined in the direction of the central axis so as to adjust the path of the light so that the scattered surface of the corresponding region is not seen blocked toward the eye. for example

'... ... 00001000010000100001000010 ... ... '

'... ... ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ... ... '

The shifting operation is performed on the pattern of this unit length, and one digit of the end is deleted and is pushed by 1 digit in the direction of the central axis

'... ... 0000100001000010000100001 ... ... '

'... ... ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ... ... '

The slope of the vertically coincident pattern is shifted to the right.

The slope can be adjusted so that the straight line of the path of the light originating from the scattering surface passes through the barrier pattern of the barrier slightly pushed backward and is directed to the position of the target eye. This processing uses the binary shift operation described above. The pattern Bm is multiplied by a power of 2, i.e., -1, of the binary number, that is, 0.5, and is slightly pushed in the direction of the central axis to adjust the light path.

Divide the liquid crystal barrier surface by the unit length m with respect to the screen center axis.

'... ... _{m 7, m 6, m 5} , m 4, m 3, m 2, m 1, m 0, m -1, m -2, m -3, m -4, m -5, m -6, m - ₇ , ... ... '

'... ... ₇ Bm, Bm _{6, 5} Bm, Bm _{4, 3} Bm, Bm _2, Bm _{1, 0} Bm, Bm _{-1, -2} Bm, Bm _{-3, -4} Bm, Bm _{-5, -6} Bm, Bm _{- 7} , ... ... '

And so on. Unit units divided in this manner are subjected to unit shift toward the central axis, and then summed again to calculate one pattern B.

In this case,

.

A shift operation is performed by 2 ^{-1 for} each unit length toward the position of the eye which is separated by various distances.

In the above equation, shift patterns are uniformly shifted toward the central axis by multiplying the left side by a -n power of 2 on the left side and by inverting the left side binary pattern on the left side with respect to the central axis.

The process of controlling the slope of the unit length is depicted in Fig. As a result of the unit shifts performed per unit length, a binary number pattern is generated that can control all the paths of light to point to a point on the space where the eye is located when the screen size is L and the viewing distance is i. This pattern is calculated in advance according to the screen size L and the eye distance i as shown in the table of Fig. 11, and is stored in the memory so that the processing of the stereoscopic image control unit can be rapidly performed. By storing the previously calculated control patterns in the storage device from the time of stereoscopic TV production, upon receiving the distance i of the eyes from the recognition unit, the corresponding pattern Bi is read and transmitted to the barrier surface, so that convergence control can be performed.

An example of the storage data of the control binary pattern Bi varying with the eye distance i in the PC monitor having the screen length L of 160 mm in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in the table of FIG. The actual pattern consists of 1600 binary numbers. In the example of this table, only Bm _-1 , Bm ₀ , and Bm ₊₁ , which are close to the central axis of the pattern, are shown for example.

Bi _0, which was stored by eye distance i, is a control pattern that operates the barrier to focus only on special occasions where the eye is located on a vertical axis set on the screen. However, the position of the eye of the viewer can be variously shifted to the left or right, even though the horizontal distance is actually the same. Therefore, the pattern B ₀ transferred to the memory should be appropriately converted. For the eyes to be watched on the left side of the screen, the control pattern Bi ₀ must be pushed to the left appropriately, and if there is a viewer's eye in the right-handed position, there must be a shift in the degree of deviation, Since it is a movement operation of the entire pattern Bi rather than a partial pattern change, it is a process similar to pulling one film drawn pattern pattern gently from the left or right side of the screen. It is pattern sliding according to the present invention that the pushing and pulling is performed in a binary manner by calculating a control pattern.

The pattern sliding of the present invention is pushed or pulled in direct proportion to the position value of the eye biased to the left or right. Let J be the distance from the central axis of the screen to the eye and the distance from the center of the screen in the horizontal direction is j, do.

The sliding distance of the pattern Bi due to the eye deviation j is given by the following equation.

If N _j has a value less than the decimal point, only the value of the integer part is called Nj _fixed , and the value of the decimal part is called Nj _decimal , and the corresponding Nj _decimal is multiplied by the inverse number of r and added to Nj _fixed .

Here, the control pattern does not have a value less than the decimal point because the control unit uses a fine liquid crystal barrier line as a basic unit. If there is a value less than the decimal point, the rest is not calculated, but the actual number is actually multiplied by multiplying the number of digits corresponding to the remainder by the reciprocal of the reduction ratio r. Bj _fixed to the decimal point controls the slope of the light path by sliding the pattern, and Nj _decimal with a _decimal point of 1 is the role of sliding the center axis by moving the pattern in the direction of the pixel toward the eye. Therefore, the pattern sliding is performed by receiving the horizontal deviation j of the eye, adjusting the angle from the read pattern B0 to the minimum unit of the liquid crystal line, and then shifting the center axis of the pattern by the unit of the width of the pixel, And controls the light path so as to converge accurately at various positions.

When the i value and the j value are transmitted to the stereoscopic image control unit, the previously stored barrier pattern corresponding to the i value is firstly called, and then the entire barrier pattern is laid using the deviation value j. By performing a shift operation of multiplying the control binary number B by the Nj power of 2, the pattern of binary numbers controlling the barrier is slid to the left or right on the barrier surface so that the path convergence direction of the light lying on the central axis is adjusted to be accurately directed to the eye .

The present invention has a function of supporting a multi-view that enables a plurality of people to simultaneously view a stereoscopic image by means of a modified lenticular and a barrier. Since two different positions i and j of the eyes are transmitted in real time through the left and right cameras in the two left and right cameras as the eyes of the human body, the left and right eye patterns are classified into the left and right eyes and the left eye blocking patterns are added to each other. Patterns are added to each other to complete one set of left-eye shield patterns and one set of right-eye shield patterns. In this way, the left eye patterns perform an OR operation between the patterns for the left eye and the right eye patterns for the right eye patterns. Here, the OR operation is an operation type of a binary number. When 0 and 0 are added, it becomes 0, and 0 and 1, 1 and 0, and 1 and 1 are added Quot; 1 ", the effect of adding and superimposing patterns of binary numbers is obtained.

If there are multiple pairs of binary numbers that are separated by the left eye and right eye and are transmitted to the barrier, that is, when there are a plurality of viewers and a plurality of eye positions are tracked, the control patterns B _L1 , B _R1 , B _L2 , B _R2 , B _L3 , B _{R3 , ... ...} The left eye patterns and the right eye patterns are grouped into the same group of the right eye patterns and OR operations are performed to generate a pair of new patterns including the left eye pattern and the right eye pattern .

The generated B _L and B _R are transferred to the barrier at appropriate timings appropriate for the synchronization signal of the left and right images of the stereoscopic image, and the left and right frames are controlled 30 times, that is, 60 frames per second.

Multiple patterns are visualized by multiplying multiple patterns at one point by OR operation and then reproduced as a single pattern with multiple viewpoints. This is referred to as multi-visualization, and re-ignition is performed so that multiple viewers It is possible to view the stereoscopic image. Since the process of alternately displaying the left eye image and the right eye image on the screen is limited to a maximum of 60 frames, the liquid crystal barrier of the present invention effectively compensates for the disadvantage of the liquid crystal which is inevitably slow to respond to the electrical control.

When the path of the blocked light is overlapped in the left eye and the right eye, that is, when there are several stereoscopic viewers, the eye position and the light path may overlap each other in the left eye and the right eye. When the liquid crystal barrier lines are overlapped in the left eye image and the right eye image which are expressed by crossing each other in time, a 'black' vertical line appears on the stereoscopic image. In this case, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal line of the blocking barrier is supplied as shown below.

The 'black' vertical portion of the screen is blocked due to the intentional control pattern of the barrier lines whose path of light to be originally opened is intended to block the light path to the viewer's eye. In the present invention, different paths toward the two eyes of the same viewer do not mix with each other. However, if the positions of the eyes of other viewers watching the same screen are tracked in the position recognition unit, the empty positions of the remaining control patterns to be opened except for the blocking path toward the eyes of the existing viewer start to fill one by one. Therefore, the "black" region, which is also blocked in the left eye image and blocked in the right eye image, is generated. To prevent this, use an AND operation. For example, the control binary pattern B _L used for the left eye image timing is temporarily stored without discarding it, and is then ANDed with the B _R pattern value used for the next right eye image timing. The AND operation results in a '1' output only when both values are '1'. The output value obtained by performing the AND operation on the current B _R value and the temporarily stored B _L value in the gate set of the barrier is expressed by '0' and '0', '0' and '1', '1' and '0' The output of '0' is supplied. At this time, when the normal voltage is supplied to the electric circuit connected to the barrier line and '1' is outputted from the inputs of '1' and '1' Thereby lowering the voltage supplied to the liquid crystal line and controlling the shading of the transmitted light to prevent the 'black' portion.

In order to prevent the cross-talk phenomenon of the optical path between the left eye image and the right eye image, the light emission amount of the corresponding light emission area where the output of the AND operation becomes '1' And the same effect can be obtained by temporarily holding off the liquid crystal line of the corresponding barrier.

In the present invention, in the process of preventing the 'black' portion, the stereoscopic image control unit for providing the stereoscopic image on the screen performs an AND operation on the control binary blanking pattern in advance to distinguish the image region corresponding to the blank portion of the blanking pattern , A method of enhancing the sharpness of the image region and emphasizing the three-dimensional feeling may be used.

In addition, the present invention provides a stereoscopic image control unit for providing a stereoscopic image on a screen, expressing a stereoscopic image having no stereoscopic effect in a corresponding region, and emphasizing a stereoscopic effect of a left stereoscopic image and a right stereoscopic image, A method of reducing the stereoscopic image frame timing by adjusting the temporal adjustment of the planar image and the stereoscopic image and displaying the stereoscopic image may be performed by using a method of reducing the frequency of the stereoscopic effect. The frequency of the stereoscopic effect expression is 30 frames per second when the viewer is 1, and decreases inversely as the viewer increases by 1 viewer. When the plane image having no three-dimensional effect is displayed on the corresponding area, the barrier area is allowed to pass through due to the control pattern that is held.

In addition, in the above embodiment of the present invention, if a planar image without three-dimensional sensation can not be generated, the corresponding region is further subdivided to display the left eye image and the right eye image in an intersecting manner to display a vertically long left eye image and a vertically long right eye image It is possible to implement a compensating method in which the horizontal resolution is reduced by half and the stereoscopic effect is realized by displaying in a parellex barier manner which is alternately displayed. The barrier region coupled to the repetition of the narrow region of the left eye image and the right eye image of the region passes through the left eye direction in the left eye image region and follows the normal parallax pattern passing through the right eye direction in the right eye image region.

The compensation process for enabling viewers to view a stereoscopic image, which is a feature of the present invention, is performed by an AND operation will be described in detail through the first embodiment.

When control binary number B is transferred to the barrier surface, it is represented as 'on' / 'off' operation on the barrier line. This operation is controlled by a set of gates directly connected to the liquid crystal lines of the barrier. The '0' and '1' values of B are input to the gate at the determined position to determine 'on' or 'off' operation. At this time, '1' value is stored temporarily on the circuit. When the values are equal to " 1 ", the voltage supplied to the corresponding liquid crystal line is lowered to adjust the amount of light passing through the liquid crystal line. In this way, the blocking rate of the blocking rays is reduced to compensate the total amount of rays to be supplied to the eye. Since the path of the light corresponding to the 'black' vertical line which needs this processing is temporally separated and the paths of the posterior and posterior processes that are alternately directed to the left eye and the right eye are blocked from the barrier surface, Point. If the area where the path of the blocking light is overlapped is very small and is blocked for a very short time, it may be ignored. However, in the characteristic of the present invention in which the barrier is nonlinearly controlled by using a liquid crystal line, 'black' occurs frequently, Since the left eye image and the right eye image are continuously displayed in the path of the light in the path of the light and the light is shielded from the liquid crystal line by compensating the brightness of the light beam supplied to the eye, To prevent 'black' vertical lines that may occur in the case of multiple viewers.

Based on the control binary pattern transmitted to the barrier surface at the two timings of the left eye image and the right eye image, an AND operation of binary numbers is performed. By using the resultant values, some liquid crystal lines of the barrier are semi-transparently controlled, The brightness compensating structure for stereoscopic multi-viewers, which removes the black vertical lines on the screen and compensates the stereoscopic image by reducing the sharpness in the corresponding part by blurring the left eye image and the right eye image in the same area, and a stereoscopic compensator added to a barrier and a stereoscopic image control unit that functions to compensate for a stereoscopic image unrecoverable area by an AND operation of binary numbers and convert it into a viewable area, .

The stereoscopic image compensator of the present invention may be in a barrier control unit.

The stereoscopic image compensator of the present invention may be configured to simultaneously control the barrier surface and the screen in the stereoscopic image control unit.

The stereoscopic image compensation of the present invention may be performed by adjusting the amount of light emission of the light-emitting pixels and the control time of the barrier surface.

The stereoscopic image compensation of the present invention may be implemented by a method of reducing the frequency or area of representing a stereoscopic image using a stereoscopic image and a flat image together.

In the present invention, if the amount of light from the stereoscopic image is very sufficient and the function of tracking the position of the eye is very accurately performed in real time, the blocking of the left eye in the left eye image and the blocking of the left eye in the right eye image, The final value of the binary pattern that moves the barrier is slightly modified by setting '0' to '1' and '1' to '0'. Then, the path of the left eye is opened in the left eye image, It can be replaced with an open transmissive barrier. Transmissive barriers have a security feature that can limit the contents of the screen to invisible to unwanted people.

The present invention uses a pattern of binary numbers that can be extended to a matrix. Therefore, a pyramidal or funnel-shaped modified lenticular drawn on the right side of FIG. 4 is used without using a sector lenticular lenticular, and the horizontal position i and the horizontal position j are transmitted from the position recognition unit, The pixel lines are computed and transmitted along with the vertical deviation k. The line is superimposed horizontally on the barrier and finely cut along the height. dot method, and the weighted method of calculating or controlling the added vertical dimension values and matrix patterns is used, it is possible to display stereoscopic images to more people without damaging the operation method, which is a feature of the present invention It has scalability. By expanding the control binary number of the stereoscopic image control unit from a linear pattern to a matrix pattern for displaying a face, it becomes possible for a viewer of a stereoscopic image of dozens of people to be seated horizontally and vertically as seen in a theater.

Since the position and direction of the camera are the same as the directions of the screen, it is possible to simply add the image compressing device and the communication interface device to the images photographed by the two HD cameras that track the position of the eye, The stereoscopic image communication apparatus can easily perform the stereoscopic image communication by displaying the stereoscopic image generated by the relative position recognition camera on the stereoscopic image display of the current monitor by using the compression device and the communication device in the same manner .

In order to track the position of the eye, the captured image of the HD-class camera that captures the image of the front side including the viewer in real time is simultaneously transmitted to the position recognition unit and the image compression apparatus, And transmits the streaming of the file to a communication partner via a network interface card and a communication line connected to a communication medium such as the Internet. As the stereoscopic image is displayed on the stereoscopic video communication device as soon as the data is received, the stereoscopic image of the stereoscopic image is displayed at a remote place. Here, as in the stereoscopic image created by the two cameras, The stereoscopic image of the present invention is transmitted through a communication device and a communication line, So that the apparatus of the present invention can easily produce a stereoscopic video call function device. Since the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is the stereoscopic video calling function, the video compression device, the communication device, and the communication line are not described in detail.

The stereoscopic video telephony effect of the present invention, which is extended by the devices thus simply added, is a two-way stereoscopic video using mode in which a stereoscopic image is generated and exchanged with each other through communication by deviating from one direction in which a stereoscopic image is provided by only mass media Which is very meaningful. The present invention, which is designed to allow a stereoscopic view of a viewer to be easily conveyed to an opponent while viewing a stereoscopic image of the opponent while the lens of the camera is in front of the screen, can be said to be a highly communicative stereoscopic apparatus.

When performing a stereoscopic video call, the stereoscopic image display device of the glasses type can be seen as rude to the opponent because it covers the eyes of the caller. However, the present invention using the parallax barrier is not so at all, so it can be said that it is somewhat manners. The scope of the present invention, which provides stereoscopic images conveniently to a large number of viewers, can greatly expand the range of stereoscopic video calls from individual to individual to family to family, which is also helpful for expanding the communication range.

A - The pixel-based angle of the eye taken by the camera.
B - binary for control
f - Synthesized small width
g - the distance between the pixel face and the barrier face
i - the horizontal distance of the eye
j - horizontal deviation of the eye
k - the vertical deviation of the eye
L - width of screen
m - the unit length
r - reduction ratio
301-pixel plane
302 - Reflector
303 - Transparent filler
304 - Absorbing surface
305 - Reflection angle
306 - Reflective surface
307 - scattering surface

Claims (1)

The images captured by two HD or higher video cameras that capture visible light or infrared and visible light are compared with the image pattern that is simply sampled from the shape of the eye and face in pixel units, and the position of the viewer's eyes As a way to track,
Capturing an image of a viewer ahead of the two image cameras of the left and right image cameras at the center of the image cameras;
A step of simplifying the photographed image into a monochromatic gray-toned image or a monochrome image to increase the speed of comparison, and then comparing the photographed image with an image pattern defined and extracted in the shape of a face and a face;
Calculating a position of the image pattern of the eyes and the face of each of the simplified images of the left and right image cameras as distances from the center of each image as pixel values;
Calculating distances between the calculated pixel-unit distance values, distance between the two image cameras, and angles and distances of the eyes based on the center axes of the left and right image cameras using trigonometry;
And calculating a horizontal distance and a horizontal deviation of the viewer's eyes based on the center axis of the left and right image cameras using the calculated angle and distance of the eyes.

Images