KR101394022B1 - Method for the bim-based automation of building envelope form generation and building energy simulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention, for using a building information input module like BIM, accurately and quickly generates a building envelope form by using building information, plan type, and elevation type, and provides an accurate building energy simulation method by using the same. An optimum envelope for energy can be determined or changed by performing the building energy simulation.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a BIM-based building envelope form generation and building energy simulation method,

The present invention relates to a method of automatically generating building envelope shapes and performing building energy simulation using the same. More specifically, in using building information input modules such as BIM, it is possible to accurately and quickly create building envelope shapes by utilizing building information, plane type, and elevation type, and to efficiently and finely simulate building energy based on the building envelope To a computer system.

One of the tendencies of the skyscraper being built recently is the expression and diversity of the building form. Unlike the conventional form of the past, free atypical forms are being proposed, and planned and structured methods are also presented.

Also, with the development of IT technology, digital media - based thinking has developed, and in the field of architecture, experimental architects have begun to discover newness through fusion with digital. Digital modeling tools act as design aids for architects who can determine architectural forms and expand and develop the scope of thinking. As a result, it became possible to express the free form of the building, which was only imagined, and the expressive area which was impossible could be represented by complex and numerical data, making it possible to plan the high-rise buildings more efficiently (Javier Monedero, Parametric design: A review and some experiences, 15th eCAADe-Conference Proceedings, Vienna University of Technology, p.370, 2006.).

However, it is difficult to construct a high-rise building using existing digital modeling tools, because it is difficult to work together to create a shape that expresses a 2D drawing as a 3D model and an error caused by a design change error of a 2D drawing and a subsequent iterative operation , Hong Kong Line, Study on the necessity of applying BIM (Building Information Modeling) concept according to 'atypical space', Digital Design Research, 10, 3, pp.239-248, 2010.) There is a need for a different approach that enables cost savings by minimizing error of modification and visualization of changes easily. Recently, research on high-rise buildings has focused only on the analysis and simulation of various building types generated from digital modeling tools (McCormack, J., A. Dorin, and T. Innocent., Generative design: a paradigm for design research in Proceedings of Futureground, Design Research Society.

In this situation, it is difficult for designers to create complex shapes of skyscraper buildings and to control various design elements using digital modeling tools in the planning design stage, and there are few studies on shape generation methods considering the related design factors.

Meanwhile, BIM (Building Information Modeling) is a three-dimensional design technology that has become a hot topic in recent construction industry. Open BIM is an international standardized building information file IFC).

In the case of using BIM, accurate 3D modeling of the skyscraper, that is, 3D modeling of the building envelope is indispensable, but accurate modeling is required due to the reasons mentioned above. A problem that can not be solved occurs.

Traditionally, the commercial software used to build the building envelope in the domestic construction / construction field is ArchiCAD of Graphisoft, Revit Architecture of Autodesk, Digital Project of Gehry Technologies, Grasshopper of McNeel, Generative Components of Bentley, , And Paracloud modeler developed by Eyal Nir, but it is also difficult to accurately model the building envelope.

On the other hand, accurate building envelope modeling is also essential for building energy simulation.

Currently, most of the related research draws on the problems of 2D-based energy analysis based on the importance and necessity of the energy analysis process. Prior art techniques for improving the energy analysis process of a building are mainly focused on energy analysis in a specific BIM-based program or data exchange in the process. In this case, there is a problem that a lot of information input for energy analysis must be manually performed.

Also, in the energy analysis process, a very wide variety of data regarding the building, or the weather depending on the area in which the building is located, have to be input and input. However, in the conventional technologies related to energy analysis, the focus is on the process of deriving the necessity of the energy analysis process itself or a more accurate result, and research on efficient management of various input data is very insufficient. Since there is inefficiency that many information can not be re-entered or recycled in the energy analysis process, it is urgent to study the information exchange from the point of view of efficient BIM-based data. Therefore, in deriving the result of the evaluation analysis of the conventional technologies related to the energy analysis currently performed, the set value of the BIM modeling is not accurately modeled, so that the accurate analysis data can not be derived and the accuracy of the energy performance analysis can not be verified It is true.

The related patent literature is as follows.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Nos. 2010-0083254 and 2010-0065442 disclose a method of manually or automatically changing the modeling of a building envelope to improve the energy efficiency of a building. However, no method for accurately modeling the overall shape of the building is proposed.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2010-0129558 and United States Application No. 2009-089018 propose a method for improving the accuracy of 3D modeling of a building. However, after each design is completed, each dimension is used, or the dimensions of a building under construction It can not be used in planning design stage.

(Patent Document 1) KR2010-0083254 A

(Patent Document 2) KR2010-0065442 A

(Patent Document 3) KR2010-0129558 A

(Patent Document 4) US2009-089018 A

Accordingly, in the present invention, a method of generating an external envelope shape through an interface that enables a designer to intuitively control various design elements, focusing on the outer shape of a skyscraper in the planning design stage, and a building energy simulation method using the envelope shape are proposed.

(A) inputting building information, a plan type, information on the building type, a facade type, and information on the building information to the information input module 210; (b) creating a building envelope using the building information, the plan type, the information, the elevation type, and the information about the entered building information; (c) reflecting the generated building envelope to the building information file (IFC) by the building information input module 100; And (d) simulating the energy of the building using the building information file (IFC) by the building energy simulation module (400).

The method may further include the step of (d1) inputting basic information for energy simulation and a building energy property to the information input module 210 before the step (d), wherein (d) The building energy simulation module 400 may simulate the energy of the building using the building information file IFC and the basic energy information and energy properties of the building.

In this case, the basic information for the energy simulation in the step (d1) preferably includes a cooling / heating temperature condition, an indoor heating condition, and the number of times of ventilation, and the energy property includes at least one of an outer wall, a roof, It is preferable to include an acquisition coefficient (SHGC) and a solar radiation amount.

As a result of the simulation in the step (d '), it is preferable that at least one of the cooling maximum load and the heating maximum load is output.

In addition, a plurality of different pieces of information are inputted respectively according to the steps (a) to (c) to generate a plurality of building information files (IFC) (E ') after the step (d'), at least one of the maximum cooling load and the maximum heating load is outputted, and (e) the plurality of building information files It is preferable that a lower building information file (IFC) is selected and the corresponding building envelope is output.

The step (c) includes the steps of (c1) generating a new building information file by using the building envelope generated by the building information input module 100, or (c2) 100) replacing the building envelope stored in the created building information file with the building envelope generated in the step (b).

In addition, the building information input module 100 preferably supports building information modeling (BIM).

In addition, it is preferable that the step (d) further comprises the step (d2) of calculating the quantity of the building using the building information file by the quantity calculation module 300.

The step (b) may further include the step (b1) of outputting the generated building envelope by the information output module 220.

The plane type of step (a) may be any one of a rectangle, a circle, and a polygon, and when the plane type is a rectangle, the information about the plane type is a horizontal length and a vertical length, The information about the planar type is a first radius and the second radius, and when the planar type is a polygon, the information about the planar type is preferably an angle and a radius.

If the elevation type is an area change type, the information on the elevation type may be a top area or an elevation area, Wherein, when the elevation type is a tapered type, the information on the elevation type is an area ratio obtained by dividing the lowermost area by the uppermost area, and when the elevation type is twist type, Is preferably the rotation angle Pi.

In addition, the building information in the step (a) preferably includes the number of layers, the bed height and the slab thickness.

According to the present invention, accurate and various building envelope modeling is possible from the planning design stage. In addition, it can be applied to various applications such as calculation of quantity of water or simulation of building energy, and the accuracy thereof can be increased.

Particularly, when the building envelope is determined at the planning stage, the building energy simulation can be performed to determine or change the optimal energy envelope.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a system for building building envelope type automation and building energy simulation method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining information on plane type, elevation type, and information required for energy simulation for building building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a building envelope type automation generation method according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a building energy simulation method according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view for explaining an example of an interface through which information is input in the building envelope type automation generation and the building energy simulation method according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view for explaining information about a plane type and an elevation type inputted for a building shell type automatic generation method according to the present invention.
Figure 7 shows the alternatives and information used in the verification of building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation methods according to the present invention.
FIGS. 8A and 8B show information on energy information and basic information for energy simulation used for verification of building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method according to the present invention. FIG.
9A to 9C illustrate verification results of building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method according to the present invention for each alternative.
FIG. 10 shows the maximum cooling / heating load obtained as a result of the building envelope type automation generation and the building energy simulation method according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, a building envelope type automation generating method and a system therefor according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1. Description of the system

The building envelope type automation generating method according to the present invention includes a building information input module 100, a shroud generation module 200, an information input module 210, and an information output module 220.

The building information input module 100 inputs and outputs information related to buildings and generates and manages a building information file (IFC). In one embodiment this may be an open BIM as described above.

The building information file (IFC) is a file storing various information about a building. The stored information is a well-known technology, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The building information file (IFC) can be stored and managed in a separate database 110.

The building information file (IFC) includes a number of building elements, which vary. For example, if the building information input module 100 is an open BIM, the building object may be a wall, a slab, a column, a beam, a window, a stair, It includes all the objects in the building, including the Curtain Wall, Door, Equipment, and Ramp. Further, additional roof information may be further included.

The envelope generation module 200 generates an envelope using information input from the information input module 210. [

The information input module 210 receives information on building information, plane type, and elevation type.

Preferably, the input building information is a number of stories, a story height, and a slab thickness. By using such information, it is possible to know the total height of the building by calculating the number of floors X (thickness and slab thickness), and it is possible to know the total height of the building envelope by using this information.

A plane type input module 211 and an elevation type input module 212 are provided in order to input information on the plan type and information on the elevation type.

In the plan type input module 211, the plan type is inputted and information is inputted. As shown in Fig. 2, the plan type is any one of a rectangle, a circle, and a polygon. Here, if the plane type is a rectangle, the information about the plane type is the width and the length. If the plane type is circular, the information about the plane type is the first radius and the second radius. If the plane type is polygonal, Information about the type is the number and radius. In particular, it should be noted that the circle is an elliptical concept.

In the elevation type input module 212, the elevation type is input and information on the effect is input. As shown in FIG. 2, the elevation type is any of a basic type, an area changing type, a tapered type, a twist type, and a composite type. Here, the basic type means a case where there is no change in the elevation, and the complex type means a case where two or more of the area change type, tapered type, and twist type are combined. In the case where the elevation type is an area change type, the information on the elevation type is the ratio of the interlayer area obtained by dividing the uppermost area or the lowest area by the interlayer area. If the elevation type is a tapered type, the information about the elevation type includes the lowest area . If the elevation type is Twist type, the information about the elevation type is the rotation angle (Pi). In the case of a complex type, all the necessary information for two or more complex types is entered.

The shrunk creation module 200 creates the building envelope using the information of the building information, the information of the plan type, and the information of the elevation type.

More specifically, the plane of the building envelope is determined by using the information about the planar type, and when the height of the building envelope is determined by using the building information (the number of stories, the floor height and the slab thickness) By using the information on the elevation type to change the elevation of the first-modeled building envelope, finally the building envelope is automatically generated.

As described above, according to the present invention, the plan type and the elevation type are classified into the three types and five types most commonly used in the building envelope, and the information necessary for setting the respective types is inputted, Can be expressed effectively.

It is also possible to implement the shape of most building envelopes as a result of such a combination of planar and elevational surfaces.

Figure 6 shows an example of a building envelope thus implemented.

On the other hand, the information output module 220 outputs information after the information is input and the envelope is generated or after the envelope is generated, so that the user can confirm the information.

When the building envelope is generated in this manner, the building information input module 100 reflects it in the building information file IFC.

In one embodiment, the building information file (IFC) can be generated using the building envelope generated by the envelope creation module 200 in the creation step.

In another embodiment, at the stage where the building information file IFC is preliminarily stored, that is, at the stage where the building exterior is stored in the building information file IFC, the building information file IFC is replaced with the exterior can do.

If the building envelope automatically generated by the envelope generation module 200 is reflected in the building information file IFC, the quantity calculation module 300 calculates the quantity of the building or the building energy simulation module 400 calculates Can be simulated. In particular, when used in building energy simulation as described above, it is possible not only to plan the building envelope considering the energy efficiency at the planning stage, but also to immediately check whether the energy efficiency changes when changing the envelope shape.

The building energy simulation module 400 can invoke the building information file (IFC) from the building information input module 100 and use it to simulate building energy. It goes without saying that the building information file (IFC) reflects the building envelope generated by the envelope creation module 200.

The building energy simulation module 400 requires basic information and energy attributes for energy simulation for energy simulation. These can be input through the information input module 210.

The basic information for the energy simulation includes the cooling / heating temperature condition, the indoor heating condition, and the number of times of ventilation.

Energy properties include outer wall, roof, floor and window heat transfer rates, solar radiation gain factor (SHGC) and solar radiation. Here, in the case of the outer wall, the roof, the floor, and the window, the heat conduction rate can be automatically obtained through the properties of the objects included in the building information file (IFC). The solar radiation acquisition factor (SHGC) and solar radiation depend on the information on the site where the building is located.

The building energy simulation module 400 can calculate the cooling maximum load and the heating maximum load by using the basic information and energy property for energy simulation for energy simulation. The calculation method itself is a conventional technology, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In one embodiment, a plurality of building information files (IFC) reflecting a plurality of building envelopes in one planning design can be used at the same time. In this case, the building energy simulation module 400 computes the cooling maximum load and the heating maximum load and can output which building information file (IFC), i.e., which building envelope is optimal in terms of energy efficiency (Figure 10) .

Meanwhile, the present invention can use any input / output method using an interface or the like. FIG. 5 shows an example of an interface, but is not limited thereto.

In the interface shown in Fig. 5, the upper left corner is a window for selecting a plan type and an elevation type, a window for inputting information thereon, and a building inputting basic building information (number of stories, height, etc.).

The upper right is a window that roughly shows the shape of the building envelope.

The lower part is a window for inputting the energy properties required for building energy simulation.

2. Explanation of method

A method of creating a building envelope type automation according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the building information, the plan type, the information about the building type, the elevation type, and the information about it are inputted to the information input module 210 (S100).

As described above, the building information includes the number of stories, the story height and the slab thickness.

The plane type is any one of a rectangle, a circle, and a polygon, and the information about the plane type is in each case a width and a length, a first radius and a second radius, an angle and a radius.

The elevation type is either basic type, area changing type, tapered type, twist type, or hybrid type. The information on the elevation type is the area ratio, area ratio, and rotation angle (Pi) for the area change type, tapered type, and twist type, respectively. In the case of a complex type, all the necessary information for two or more complex types is entered.

Next, the shroud generation module 200 generates the building envelope using the inputted building information, the plan type, information on the plan type, the elevation type, and the information on the building envelope (S200).

Next, the information output module 220 outputs the generated building envelope (S300). Steps S200 and S300 may be simultaneously performed.

Next, the building information input module 100 reflects the generated building envelope to the building information file IFC (S400).

Through this process, accurate and various building envelope modeling is possible from the planning stage, and it can be applied to various applications such as quantity calculation or building energy simulation by using it, and the accuracy can be raised. The changed part can be reflected quickly and accurately.

Referring to FIG. 4, a building energy simulation method using an automotive building envelope form according to the present invention will be described.

First, the building energy simulation module 400 loads the building information file IFC from the building information input module 100 (S500). The building information file (IFC) reflects information about the building envelope generated by the envelope creation module 200.

Next, basic conditions for energy simulation are inputted through the information input module 210 (S600). The basic information for the energy simulation includes the cooling / heating temperature condition, the indoor heating condition, and the number of times of ventilation.

Next, the information about the energy attribute is input through the information input module 210 (S700). Energy properties include outer wall, roof, floor and window heat transfer rates, solar radiation gain factor (SHGC) and solar radiation. Here, the heat pipe rate of the outer wall, the roof, the floor, and the window may be automatically obtained through the properties of the objects included in the building information file (IFC).

Next, the building energy simulation module 400 calculates at least one of the cooling maximum load and the heating maximum load using the building information file (IFC) and the acquired information (S800).

In this way, rapid and accurate energy simulation can be performed for various building envelopes obtained at the planning stage, which can greatly contribute to user decision making.

3. Verification

Using the method according to the present invention, the energy performance of a building envelope in a skyscraper was analyzed. As shown in FIG. 8A, the building which is located in Seoul, Republic of Korea is exemplified.

As shown in Fig. 7, alternatives of ALT1, ALT2, and ALT3 have been used.

The envelope creation related information input to the information input module 210 is shown in Fig.

The plane type of ALT1 is polygon, and the information is set as 6 pieces and the radius is set to 30m. The plane type of ALT2 is rectangular, and information about it is set as 30m and 30m. The plane type of ALT3 is circular And the first radius and the second radius are set to 30 m and 30 m, respectively. As the building information, the number of floors was set at 77 floors, and the floor height was set at 4 m.

Also, as information to be inputted for the building energy simulation, the basic information for cooling and heating the energy simulation conditions, the indoor heating conditions and the number of times of ventilation are shown in FIG. 8A.

In addition, FIG. 8B shows the heat conduction ratio, the solar radiation acquisition coefficient (SHGC), and the solar radiation amount of the outer wall, the roof, the floor and the window, which are information about the energy property as information inputted for the building energy simulation.

The building energy simulation module 400 calculates the maximum heating and cooling load by simulating the building energy for each of ALT1, ALT2, and ALT3, and the results are shown in FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C, respectively.

The result of this synthesis is shown in FIG. 10, which confirms that the planar type of the building envelope is efficient from the energy point of view because it has the lowest cooling maximum load and the maximum heating load in the alternative ALT2.

As described above, the present invention can effectively and instantaneously provide the user with an optimal building envelope form in terms of energy simulation.

While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims. It will be appreciated that embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the claims.

100: building information input module
110: Database
200: envelope generation module
210: Information input module
211: Planar type input module
212: elevation type input module
220: Information output module
300: Quantity calculation module
400: building energy simulation module

Claims (16)

(a) inputting building information, a plan type, information on the building type, an elevation type, and information on the building information, to the information input module 210;
(b) creating a building envelope using the building information, the plan type, the information, the elevation type, and the information about the entered building information;
(c) reflecting the generated building envelope to the building information file (IFC) by the building information input module 100; And
(d) simulating the energy of the building using the building information file (IFC) by the building energy simulation module 400,
Prior to step (d)
(d1) the basic information for energy simulation and the building energy attribute are input to the information input module 210,
The step (d)
(d ') The building energy simulation module 400 simulates the energy of the building using the building information file (IFC), basic information for the input energy simulation, and building energy attributes,
As a result of the simulation in the step (d '), at least one of the cooling maximum load and the heating maximum load is outputted,
According to the steps (a) to (c), a plurality of different pieces of information are inputted to generate a plurality of building information files (IFC)
In the step (d '), at least one of a cooling maximum load and a heating maximum load is outputted according to the plurality of building information files (IFC)
After the step (d '),
(e) selecting a building information file (IFC) having the lowest cooling maximum load or the maximum heating load among the building enclosures in the plurality of building information files (IFC), and outputting the building enclosure corresponding thereto;
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the basic information for energy simulation in the step (d1) includes a cooling / heating temperature condition, an indoor heating condition, and a ventilation frequency.
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the energy attribute in the step (d1) includes an outer wall, a roof, a heat conduction ratio of a floor and a window, a solar radiation acquisition coefficient (SHGC)
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
delete delete The method according to any one of claims 1, 3, and 4,
The step (c)
(c1) the building information input module (100) generating a new building information file by using the generated building envelope.
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 3, and 4,
The step (c)
(c2) replacing the building envelope stored in the building information file with the building envelope generated in the step (b) by the building information input module (100)
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 3, and 4,
The building information input module 100 supports Building Information Modeling (BIM)
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 3, and 4,
After the step (c)
(d2) calculating the building object using the building information file by the quantity calculation module (300)
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 3, and 4,
The step (b)
(b1) the information output module (220) outputting the generated building envelope.
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 3, and 4,
Wherein the plane type of step (a) is any one of a rectangle, a circle, and a polygon.
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
13. The method of claim 12,
If the plane type is a rectangle, the information about the plane type is a width and a length,
If the planar type is circular, the information about the planar type is a first radius and a second radius,
Wherein if the plane type is polygonal, the information about the plane type is an angle and a radius.
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
13. The method of claim 12,
The elevation type of the step (a) is any one of a basic type, an area changing type, a tapered type, a twist type, and a composite type,
The basic type has no change in the elevation,
Wherein the complex type is a case where any two or more of the area change type, the tapered type, and the twist type are combined.
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
15. The method of claim 14,
When the elevation type is an area change type, the information on the elevation type is an intermediate layer area ratio obtained by dividing the uppermost area or the lowermost area by the intermediate area,
When the elevation type is a tapered type, the information on the elevation type is an area ratio obtained by dividing the lowermost area by the uppermost area,
Wherein when the elevation type is Twist type, the information about the elevation type is a rotation angle Pi.
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 3, and 4,
Wherein the building information in step (a) includes a number of stories, a story height, and a slab thickness.
Building envelope type automation generation and building energy simulation method.

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