KR101392158B1 - The direction controlling implement with the vibration cut off in the charge hole to obstruct propagation of blasting vibration, and the blasting method using that implement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vibration control direction adjusting member of a blasting hole and to a blasting method using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a vibration control direction adjusting member for adjusting a direction of a vibration blocking direction to reduce blasting vibration propagating to a surrounding ground And a blasting operation method using the blades and the horizontal blades to increase blasting efficiency and reduce blasting vibrations.
The present invention relates to a pipe member which is opened at one side in the longitudinal direction to reduce blasting vibration and noise transmitted through a rock medium of a contact ground in an explosive explosion; An insulation coating part for blocking electric primer ignition by leakage current to the pipe member; An absorbing member attached to an outer wall of the pipe member to reduce blasting vibration and noise; And a lid provided at a distal end of the pipe member to prevent the explosive from being separated from the pipe member.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a vibration blocking direction adjusting member for a blasting hole for blocking propagation of a blasting vibration, and a blasting method using the vibration blocking direction adjusting member. 2. Description of the Related Art [0002]

The present invention relates to a vibration control direction adjusting member of a blasting hole and to a blasting method using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a vibration control direction adjusting member for adjusting a direction of a vibration blocking direction to reduce blasting vibration propagating to a surrounding ground And a blasting operation method using the blades and the horizontal blades to increase blasting efficiency and reduce blasting vibrations.

With the intensive development of urban areas, the use of artificial structures in the underground space is inevitably increasing. In order to develop structures such as underground parking lots, subway tunnels, underpasses, etc., which are underground structures for the use of such underground spaces, excavation of rocks should be preceded. In general, excavation of rock mass uses blasting technique using explosives. Such rock blasting excavation is the best method in terms of economic aspect and construction speed. However, ground vibration caused by blasting often causes damage to neighboring structures and complaints of living environment.

Especially, in the blasting construction site adjacent to the residential and commercial areas in which people live, there are many court disputes related to the blasting work. In addition to the damage to human life environment, it affects animals sensitive to vibration and noise, and may cause miscarriage, stillbirth, and death of livestock, resulting in many civil complaints related to blasting work. Although the ground vibration of the blasting work has a standard value stipulated by the government, even if the degree of discomfort felt by each person is different and the age of the building is different and the blasting work is carried out below the level regulated by the government, many complaints related to the blasting vibration are raised have.

These blasting complaints may lead to a temporary suspension or delays in the construction and a change in the design, resulting in an increase in the construction cost rather than the planned budget, as well as an increase in the construction period, resulting in a tremendous secondary economic loss caused by delayed completion of the final object . In recent years, studies for reducing the pollution of the blast have been actively carried out, and numerous vibration and noise reduction measures have been announced. In addition, vibration-free crushing methods that replace noise-and vibration-resistant blasting methods are actively studied, but the construction period is much longer than the blasting method, and the construction cost is increased several times.

Numerous blasting and vibration countermeasures that have been announced so far, although individually, have excellent ability to reduce environmental damage, but they require time to prepare for economic or practical application, or require high precision There are a lot of cases, and the actual application in the construction site is out of the question. Therefore, it is required to develop a method that can reduce the vibration of the blasting, minimize the environmental damage, reduce the incidence of civil complaints, and easily apply it in actual construction site.

FIG. 1 shows a conventional blasting method. When explosives explode in the perforation hole, the protrusion is radially propagated and collides with the wall. Widening pressure colliding with the air wall forms the crushing zone, the fracture zone, the cracking zone, and the shaking zone and propagates in the radial direction. The strong explosion that occurs when the explosive explodes destroys it in the direction of the least resistant plane (minimum resistance line). Since explosive shock waves propagate uniformly in the radial direction within the perforation hole, blasting vibrations propagate not only in the free surface direction where the excavation is planned but also in a direction independent of construction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the related art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a piping system and a piping system in which one or both pipes are opened in the longitudinal direction to reduce blasting vibration and noise transmitted through a rock medium of a contact ground, An insulating coating part for blocking electric primer ignition by leakage current to the pipe member, an absorbing member attached to an outer wall of the pipe member to reduce blasting vibration and noise, And a lid portion for preventing the pipe member from being detached.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a bench cut blasting, a tunnel subtraction blasting, and a tunnel outer blasting method using the vibration blocking direction adjusting member.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a pipe structure comprising: a pipe member which is open at one side in the longitudinal direction to reduce blasting vibration and noise transmitted through a rock medium of a contact ground in an explosive explosion; An insulation coating part for blocking electric primer ignition by leakage current to the pipe member; An absorbing member attached to an outer wall of the pipe member to reduce blasting vibration and noise; And a lid provided at an end of the pipe member to prevent the explosive from being separated from the pipe member.

Further, the pipe member is a steel pipe and has a thickness of 2.0 to 3.25 mm.

Further, the opening angle of one of the pipe members is 120 to 150 degrees.

The absorbent member is made of polyethylene and has a thickness of 2.5 mm.

In addition, a pipe member symmetrically opened in both longitudinal directions to reduce blasting vibration and noise transmitted through the rock medium of the contact ground in explosive explosion; An insulation coating part for blocking electric primer ignition by leakage current to the pipe member; An absorbing member attached to an outer wall of the pipe member to reduce blasting vibration and noise; And a lid provided at an end of the pipe member to prevent the explosive from being separated from the pipe member.

Further, the pipe member is a steel pipe and has a thickness of 2.0 to 3.25 mm.

Further, the open angle of both pipe members is 70 to 90 degrees.

The absorbent member is made of polyethylene and has a thickness of 2.5 mm.

Further, in the bench cut blasting method using the vibration blocking direction adjusting member, the opening direction of the pipe member of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member is disposed in the direction in which the excavation is planned and blasting is performed.

Further, in the tunnel scraping blasting method using the vibration blocking direction adjusting member, at least one to three excavation of the horizontal bore horizontal perforations for providing two free surfaces is performed. A first blasting step of perforating a quadrangular corner or a plane with respect to the horizontal bore of the front bore and disposing the vibration blocking direction adjusting member in a direction facing the horizontal bore of the bore; A second blasting step of puncturing a quadrangular corner or plane having an interval larger than the first blasting step and disposing the vibration blocking direction adjusting member to blast; And a blasting step for blasting the blasting step so that the blasting step has a larger interval than the second blasting step.

Further, in the tunnel outer blasting method using the vibration blocking direction adjusting member, the opening direction of the pipe member of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member is disposed along the line to be excavated and blasted. will be.

Rock blasting is the most economical way to crush rock mass with the power of explosives. However, many environmental complaints have been raised due to environmental problems such as ground vibration and noise. . These complaints lead to delays in construction and changes in design, which can lead to enormous economic losses. Even if the blasting site is managed by the blasting vibration and noise below the statutory limit value, many complaints are raised due to the intense pressure of the complainants about the blasting, and the construction progress is not smooth in many cases.

Therefore, the blasting site excavating the rock should be considered from the design stage to the economic aspect and the application applicability in order to minimize the blasting vibration and noise in order to smooth the construction.

A blast hole with a vibration control direction adjustment member is used to increase the blasting efficiency by concentrating the direction of the extensional pressure generated when the explosive explodes in the planned excavation direction and to transmit the minimum shock wave in the direction not related to the excavation of the rock .

The method using the vibration stopping direction adjusting member can be used without any change in perforation method, that is, the perforation method used in the past, and since the vibration stopping direction adjusting member is installed at the same time of charge, it can be applied without any extra effort, It is also excellent in terms of sex.

In particular, applying the vibration isolation direction adjusting member according to the present invention to the blasting of the tunnel by utilizing the horizontal drilling horizon (PLHBM) can increase the shrinkage effect, thereby enhancing the blasting efficiency and minimizing the blasting vibration.

In addition, it is possible to minimize the blasting vibration, thereby suppressing the construction delay to potential civil complaints, and the construction method is simple, so that the blasting method and the construction speed are the same, and the excavation amount is reduced by the conventional blasting method It can be minimized compared with the conventional method.

FIG. 1 shows a conventional blasting method.
2 shows a blasting method according to the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration blocking direction regulating member opened only in a certain direction according to the present invention.
4 is a schematic view of a vibration blocking direction adjusting member opened only in a predetermined direction according to the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration blocking direction adjusting member opened in both directions according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic shape of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member opened in both directions according to the present invention.
7 shows the shape of a distal end portion of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member according to the present invention.
8 schematically shows a method of performing bench cut blasting using a vibration blocking direction adjusting member.
FIGS. 9A to 9D schematically illustrate a method of performing deep-subtracting blasting of a tunnel using a vibration blocking direction adjusting member.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a method of blasting the outer periphery of a tunnel using a vibration blocking direction adjusting member.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same or similar components throughout the drawings. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

Blasting refers to the destruction of nearby objects by shock waves generated when explosives are exploded. When the explosive explodes in the rock, the impact energy is mainly used to destroy the rock within the influence radius, and some energy is used as noise transmitted to the air and vibration transmitted to the surrounding rock mass. The cause of frequent complaints during blasting is blasting vibration and noise. Blasting noise is a powerful sound generated when an explosive explodes, and it is propagated into the air along with the medium of the air and felt to the person. In addition, the instantaneous increase in pressure generated when the explosive explodes causes not only the contact rock but also the vibration and noise propagated by the rock (ground) as a medium by applying a large vibration to the surrounding ground. Here, the blasting noise propagating into the air is blocked by using a soundproof wall and a soundproof door, and the blocking effect is also excellent.

When the explosive explodes, the blasting vibration and noise transmitted through the rock mass of the contact ground cause the person to feel that the building is shaking or the ground vibrates at the same time as the noise, giving a considerable discomfort to the building, There are many cases where complaints arise and lead to court disputes. Line drilling is a method to reduce the vibration and noise propagated along the rock, by narrowing the gap along the excavation surface (drilling 2 ~ 4 times) to make the weak surface in advance, New preplitting method has been developed and applied as a method of pre-fitting to isolate the main blasting hole from the main blasting zone by isolating it from the main blasting zone, and recently developing the free fritting process. , While the free fritting method does not charge all the balls and does not change the color. In contrast, the new free fritting method arranges the armed sponges between the charged sponges, blasts them with the spongy sponges, and uses the armed sponges as the free sponges. It is a method to crack the pre-crack. Similar blocking techniques have been proposed as civil engineering measures. However, it is true that the ground vibration reduction methods have less effect on the installation time and cost. In the field of actual blasting, a series of operations such as drilling -> blasting -> buffing -> shotcrete installation (support installation) are repeatedly performed. If a delay occurs in any of these processes, the subsequent process becomes a standby state, which causes an increase in the construction cost. Compared with other processes, the perforation and blasting process is the most important process because it takes a lot of time in a series of operations and is a work done in advance. Since the blasting operation can be performed only during the day except for special cases, if the time required for drilling a separate blocking hole is prolonged, the blasting operation can not be performed on the same day, Dimensional propagation path, it is inefficient because it can not block the three-dimensional propagation path.

In order to excavate the rock, first drill the rock (D 45mm ~ D 105mm). The explosive is loaded and blasted into this perforated hole, and the planned section is excavated. The energy generated when the explosive explodes excavates the planned rock mass, where some of the energy is transferred to surrounding ground and converted into vibration and noise, which is anxious for people.

When excavating rocks to drill rocks and exploding by loading explosives, powerful explosive energy is propagated to all directions, so excavation can not be restricted to the planned direction (free side), so that the explosive energy efficiency of explosives is maximized The explosive energy, which is not used to excavate the rock mass, causes ground vibration in the vicinity.

Line drilling or other vibration-controlled blasting has the disadvantage of requiring additional drilling operations. This additional drilling operation increases the drilling cost and takes a long time to drill, resulting in a significant increase in the construction cost.

A method of blocking the vibration generated by the blasting is devised by inserting a blocking material to block the vibration in the existing charge ball without additional drilling operation which takes a long time. As shown in FIG. 2, since the explosive 200 explodes in the perforation hole 100 in the rock, shock waves generated during the explosion are transmitted to the excavation planned area to destroy the rock, A shield member made of steel stronger than that of the rock was inserted in order to prevent shock waves from being transmitted.

The vibration that occurs when the explosive explodes causes civil complaints, and these vibrations propagate along the medium of the rock mass at an acoustic velocity. The elastic wave velocity propagated along the rock mass is reflected and refracted at the interface of the medium as the medium changes.

Since the vibration of the blasting is transmitted along the medium, only the elastic waves which are reflected at the interface of each medium are transmitted and transmitted to the artificial structure and the person through vibration. As shown in the above equation, when the physical properties of the medium are largely different from each other, the reflectivity of the elastic wave increases, so that the vibration transmitted to the artificial structure and the person decreases. Generally, the rock has a density of 2.2 to 3.0 g / cm3, an acoustic velocity of 2,000 to 6,700 m / sec, a density of 7.85 g / cm3 and an acoustic velocity of 5,950 m / sec. Therefore, when blasting, 61% of the shock waves are reflected and dissipated, and only 31% of the shock waves are transmitted as ground vibration through the ground.

When the explosive 200 is charged and blasted within the perforation hole 100 only in a predetermined direction, the explosion efficiency is increased because the explosive 200 is concentrated only in the open direction, In the opposite direction, the barrier material stronger than the rock is obstructed to block the propagation of the broad wave. Also, since the barrier material is an adjacent rock material and a heterogeneous material, it reflects most of the elastic waves generated during the explosion. .

In FIG. 2, unlike the conventional blasting method, the vibration waves are relatively reduced in the opposite direction to the free surface.

3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member which is opened only in a predetermined direction. The vibration blocking direction adjusting member includes a pipe member (not shown) which is stronger than the contact rock member so that the explosion generated when the explosive 200 is exploded, (10) is mainly used because it uses a large number of electrical primers, so that the pipe member (10) prevents the insulation coating portion (20) from being damaged due to unexpected accident (ignition of electrical primer caused by leakage current during charging work) I have. The insulating coating portion 20 is a well-known insulating coating in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

The outer wall of the pipe member 10 is covered with the absorbent member 30 since the coating of the insulating coating portion 20 may be peeled off due to friction with the air wall during the insertion of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member into the perforation hole. Since the vibration absorbing member 30 makes the vibration blocking direction adjusting member nonconductive and the vibration blocking direction adjusting member instantaneously collides with the air wall due to the extensional pressure generated when the explosive explosions, shock waves can be transmitted to the surrounding ground, And also serves as a cushioning material so that the blocking direction adjusting member does not directly collide with the air wall.

The pipe member 10 may be made of a steel pipe material having a high strength and a thickness of 2.0 to 3.25 mm. In addition, the absorbent member 30 is generally made of polyethylene and has a thickness of 2.5 mm most preferably. In addition, it is preferable that the angle of opening one of the pipe members is 120 to 150 degrees.

Fig. 4 shows a rough shape of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member opened only in a certain direction, and schematically shows a state in which the explosive is mounted on the vibration blocking direction adjusting member.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member opened in both directions, wherein both sides of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member are symmetrically opened in the longitudinal direction, and the opening angle may be made 70 to 90 degrees. The efficiency of the tunnel excitation outside the tunnel to be described later will be determined according to the opening angle. The most preferred opening angle is 80 degrees.

Fig. 6 shows a rough shape of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member opened in both directions, showing that both directions are open symmetrically to each other, and a part of the opening is configured to be engaged.

 7 shows the shape of a distal end portion of the vibration blocking direction regulating member. The lid portion 40 is provided to cover a part of the distal end portion so that when the explosive is pushed into the hole, Since the direction adjustment member is installed at the same time as the charge, it does not cause any separate product, and since the explosive and the vibration stop direction adjusting member are not separated, it is easy to adjust the direction of the vibration stop direction adjusting member so that explosive force concentrates in the planned direction .

An example of applying the vibration isolation direction adjusting member to a specific blasting method will be described.

First, Bench Cut is generally used as a rock excavation method for open-pit mining. It is a blasting method using two free sides. It is a blasting method that forms a stepped wave surface. It can blast the widening pressure only in the planned direction of excavation. Therefore, even if there is a discontinuity such as crack or crack in the rock, it is less affected by the discontinuity, . ≪ / RTI > When the explosive is installed by installing the vibration blocking direction adjusting member in the direction in which the blasting is planned, the explosive pressure generated when the explosive exploses is concentrated only in the planned excavation direction, thereby maximizing the blasting efficiency. In addition, since the direction of the vibration control direction adjustment material is blocked in the direction other than the excavation surface, the ground vibration is reduced because the ground vibration propagating to the surrounding ground is blocked.

As shown in FIG. 8, a perforation is made along the blasting line 301, and a vibration blocking direction adjusting member, which is open at one side in the direction of the free surface, is disposed in the perforation to be blasted to obtain a desired bench wavefront.

Next, there is the shaking blasting technique of the tunnel. In the tunnel blasting excavation method, since there is only free direction in the direction of excavation, it is more complicated and more technical than the 2 free surface blasting Bench Cut used in open blasting. 1 Free surface blasting requires large amounts of explosives because of the large resistance of the rock to the power of explosives. Therefore, in the tunnel blasting, it is necessary to precede the submerged blasting which changes the blasting of one free surface to the blast of more than two free surfaces, and the success of successive blasting is determined according to the appropriateness of the submerged blasting.

Therefore, shrinkage blasting is the most important preceding process in tunnel blasting. Since the shrinking blasting influences the success or failure of the tunnel blasting, it is often the case that the shrinking effect is exaggerated in the actual construction site.

(PLHBM) method is used to reduce the ground vibration generated during shrinkage blasting and enhance the de-shrinking effect, so that one side is open to the deep drawing hole around the horizontal borehole hole 300 It is possible to increase the deeper effect and to reduce the ground vibration significantly.

There are a lot of discontinuities such as joints, convenience, etc. on the actual tunnel surface. The joint surface shown on the surface of the blind hole is punctured considering the position of the recessed hole. However, if it is not shown on the surface or if there is a potential joint surface, in the case of the conventional deep-drawing blasting, the extensional pressure is dissipated to the joint surface, and the deepening effect may be lowered or failed. Also, since the deep hole is one free surface blasting, it causes the greatest vibration in tunnel blasting.

In the deep hole blasting using the horizontal drilling hole 300, the perforated hole which is perforated in advance is a circular shape stable to the pressure of the fracture, so that the position of the conventional blasting hole should be close to the line hole and the blasting should be performed. As shown in FIGS. 9a to 9d, when the vibration removing direction adjusting member is inserted into the blasting hole around the borehole, blasting of the borehole can concentrate the explosive width in the direction of the borehole, , The ground vibration is blocked by the vibration blocking direction adjusting member, so that the deepening effect is increased and the blasting vibration is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional deep drawing blasting method.

Figure 9a shows drilling of the drilling hole horizontal drilling hole 300 at the center of the planned tunnel excavation surface, the diameter of which is approximately 200 to 1000 mm. 1 to 3 holes are generally drilled in the horizontal bore hole 300, and the number of holes can be changed according to the size and characteristics of the tunnel.

FIG. 9B shows an embodiment in which one horizontal bore horizontal perforation hole 300 is provided. In the periphery of the vertical bore horizontal perforation hole 300, a corner and a surface on a first blasting line 310 of a tetragonal shape The central portion is drilled and the open side of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member, which is open at one side to each blast hole, is installed toward the front borehole horizontal perforation hole 300 to perform the primary blasting. Thereafter, second blasting is performed in a second blasting line 320 having a square shape larger in size than the first blasting line 310 and rotated at an angle of about 45 degrees, and the third blasting line 330, And further blasting in the blasting line 340 to perform deep blasting of the tunnel.

9C shows an embodiment in which two horizontal boreholes 300 are provided. The first borehole line 310, the second borehole line 320, and the second borehole line 320 are formed around the two borehole horizontal perforation holes 300, The third blasting line 330, the fourth blasting line 340, and the fifth blasting line 350 in order to perform blind deflation of the tunnel.

FIG. 9D shows an embodiment in which there are three pre-bore horizontal perforation holes 300. The first perforation line 310, the second perforation line 320, The third blasting line 330, the fourth blasting line 340, and the fifth blasting line 350 in order to perform blind deflation of the tunnel.

Next, there is an outer blasting method of the tunnel. The outer hole of the tunnel is a blast hole finally formed in the tunnel blasting, and is a blast hole arranged along the line 360 to be excavated. Since the excavation is finally finished, excavation should be performed as close as possible to the excavation line 360 so that a series of subsequent works can be performed immediately. However, if unexplored compared to the expected excavation line 360, the breaker should be excavated by a separate mechanical equipment, and when the excavation occurs, the shotcrete installation or the subsequent concrete installation amount must fill the excavation space with the excavator, ≪ / RTI >

In addition, when the shock waves of explosives are transmitted outside the expected line, the joints can be formed by disturbing the ground, so there is a danger of the structural stability of the tunnel or a fallout accident. Therefore, Should be.

As shown in FIG. 10, when the vibration blocking direction adjusting member is opened to both sides, the width of the explosive force is concentrated only in the horizontal direction, so that the rock can be excavated along the line 360 to be excavated. In addition, the shock waves of explosives are hardly transmitted outside the scheduled excavation line, so the excavation or excavation of the ground is not disturbed. If the direction of the vibration blocking direction adjusting member is arranged in the same direction as the scheduled excavation line 360 while the explosive is charged in the outer hole, an accurate and safe tunnel cross section can be formed.

The foregoing description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

10: pipe member 20: insulated coating part
30: absorbent member 40: lid part
100: Perforated hole 200: Explosive
300: Vertical hole horizontal hole

Claims (11)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete A pipe member that is open at one side in the longitudinal direction, an insulating coating portion coated on the pipe member, an absorbing member attached to an outer wall of the pipe member, and a lid portion provided at a distal end of the pipe member. A method of blasting a tunnel using a member,
Drilling at least one to three horizontal drilling holes to provide two free sides;
A first blasting step of perforating a quadrangular corner or a plane with respect to the horizontal bore of the front bore and disposing the vibration blocking direction adjusting member in a direction facing the horizontal bore of the bore;
A second blasting step of puncturing a quadrangular corner or plane having an interval larger than the first blasting step and disposing the vibration blocking direction adjusting member to blast;
And the blasting step is performed by repeating the blasting step so that the tunnel is excavated at a larger interval than the second blasting step. delete

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