KR101388445B1 - Sensor node, Device and Method for monitoring environmental information at the cattle burial sites - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to environmental monitoring sensor nodes, apparatus and methods, and more particularly, to environmental monitoring sensor nodes, apparatus and methods in livestock burial. The environmental monitoring sensor node for monitoring the exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention, the environmental sensor module for generating the environmental raw information by detecting the exhaust gas, the position sensor module for generating the position information of the environmental monitoring sensor node and the It may include a data processing transmission module for generating environmental package information by using the environmental raw information and location information, and transmits the generated environmental package information to the environmental monitoring device.

Description

Sensor node, device and method for monitoring environmental information at the cattle burial sites}

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to environmental monitoring sensor nodes, apparatus and methods, and more particularly, to environmental monitoring sensor nodes, apparatus and methods in livestock burial.

According to the domestic animal infectious disease prevention method, when the first kind of animal epidemic occurs, orders for killing the livestock are dealt with promptly. In addition, most infectious livestock diseases such as avian influenza (avian influenza, AI), infectious spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), which occur frequently in Korea, are treated according to investment methods.

In 2011, 3,479 thousand were buried in 6,250 farmers due to foot-and-mouth disease, resulting in soil and groundwater contamination, particularly air pollution and air pollution, due to the burial of livestock carcasses and livestock carcasses killed by livestock epidemics due to secondary pollution. The radio wave is severe and there is a high possibility of secondary damage.

Despite these problems, there is no proper monitoring system in Korea to prevent secondary pollution, and the monitoring system is also a method of directly collecting and verifying samples at the site, which cannot be continuously measured.

In addition, it is a system that monitors the burial sites distributed in a wide area by a small number of officials.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2005-0008964

The present invention provides an environmental monitoring sensor node, an apparatus and a method in a livestock burial site capable of monitoring the environment and immediately responding to the burial site in a remote location.

In addition, the present invention can prevent secondary pollution that may occur after the investment and various odor environmental sensors and GPS sensors in the sensor network environment to quickly identify and respond to the possibility of air pollution and virus transmission through the atmosphere. The present invention provides an environmental monitoring sensor node, an apparatus, and a method in an animal buried land which can be monitored in real time according to a buried land location.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood from the following description.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an environmental monitoring sensor node.

The environmental monitoring sensor node for monitoring the exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention, the environmental sensor module for generating the environmental raw information by detecting the exhaust gas, the position sensor module for generating the position information of the environmental monitoring sensor node and the It may include a data processing transmission module for generating environmental package information by using the environmental raw information and location information, and transmits the generated environmental package information to the environmental monitoring device.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an environmental monitoring method that is executed in the environmental monitoring sensor node.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an environmental monitoring method implemented in an environmental monitoring sensor node for monitoring exhaust gas may include generating at least one environmental raw information from a plurality of environmental sensors with respect to the exhaust gas, and at least one location sensor. Generating location information of the environment; generating correction environment information by performing numerical correction using the distributed hierarchical filtering method on the environment raw information; packaging the environment information and location information by packaging the environment The method may include generating package information and transmitting the environmental package information to an environmental monitoring apparatus through a short range mobile communication method.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an environmental monitoring apparatus is provided.

An environmental monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention generates an environmental monitoring information for generating environmental monitoring information using a federated filtering method for an environmental package data receiver and an environmental package data receiving environmental package data from an environmental monitoring sensor node. It may include a database for storing the wealth and the generated environmental monitoring information.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an environmental monitoring method to be executed in the environmental monitoring device.

Environmental monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of receiving the environmental package data from the environmental monitoring sensor node, environmental monitoring information step for generating the environmental monitoring information using the associated filtering method for the environmental package data and generated And storing the environmental monitoring information.

Specific details for achieving the above object will be apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail with the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It is provided to fully inform the owner of the scope of the invention.

According to the above-described environmental monitoring sensor node, apparatus and method in a livestock burial site of the present invention, the environmental monitoring of the burial site can be remotely and immediately responded, and a plurality of jurisdictions can be monitored.

In addition, the present invention can prevent secondary pollution that may occur after the investment and various odor environmental sensors and GPS sensors in the sensor network environment to quickly identify and respond to the possibility of air pollution and virus transmission through the atmosphere. Real-time monitoring according to the location of the investment site is possible.

1 and 2 are views for explaining an environmental monitoring system in a livestock buried in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
3 and 4 are views for explaining an environmental monitoring method in the environmental monitoring sensor node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view for explaining an environmental monitoring method in the environmental monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 and 7 are views for explaining an environmental monitoring sensor node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a view for explaining an environmental monitoring sensor node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 to 15 are diagrams for explaining the simulation results of the environmental monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention.

The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

Also, when a part is referred to as "including " an element, it does not exclude other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be described in detail for the practice of the present invention.

1 and 2 are views for explaining an environmental monitoring system in a livestock buried in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, the environmental monitoring system in the livestock buried land includes an environmental monitoring sensor node 100, the environmental monitoring device 200.

Referring to FIG. 1, after the investment, the post-management method is very important as livestock investment sites increase secondary damage to leachate and odor due to short-term large-scale investment. For livestock lands, environmental officials are responsible for the environmental factors that occur after the burial, and the public officials take the sample directly to the site, collect the sample, analyze the sample in the laboratory, and monitor the occurrence of secondary damage. Such a monitoring method has a problem that continuous monitoring and rapid response cannot be obtained by taking a sample once a week or two.

Odor gas from livestock burial is caused by the decomposition of carcasses, especially when the carcasses decay. Hazardous odors are mainly due to hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), ammonia (NH ₃ ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Representative. In addition, the odor gas is one of the important factors that diffuse to the outside through the air in the air propagates far from the adsorption of various gases through the dust.

The environmental monitoring sensor node 100 includes an environmental sensor module 110, a position sensor module 120, and a data processing transmission module 130.

The environmental sensor module 110 detects the exhaust gas exhausted from the livestock burial site to generate environmental raw information.

The environmental sensor module 110 includes a carbon dioxide (Co ₂ ), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ammonia (NH ₃ ), hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) sensor to detect the malodorous environment, the dust sensor ( Dust) and a temperature (Temperature), humidity (Humidity) sensor for measuring the diffusion of the odor may further include. The environmental monitoring sensor node 100 may include, for example, an electrochemical sensor or a semiconductor sensor.

The environmental sensor module 110 includes a plurality of sensors, and generates environmental raw information by cyclically detecting a predetermined period, for example, a 500 ms period, using each pair of sensors.

For example, the environmental sensor module 110 processes a total of four analog signals and three digital signals for processing each sensor, and since the environmental information recognition algorithm requires a high time delay resolution, a 32-bit floating point arithmetic DSP, Block processing can be used.

The position sensor module 120 generates position information of an environmental monitoring sensor node including a GPS sensor.

The position sensor module 120 performs coordinate transformation on the ellipsoid because the domestic GPS coordinate information is used as the latitude and longitude coordinate information using the coordinate notation of the Bessel ellipsoid.

The position sensor module 120 converts GPS ellipsoid (ellipsoid to be a reference of WGS84) coordinate information into Bessel ellipsoid coordinate information.

The data processing transmission module 130 generates environmental package information by using the generated environmental raw information and location information, and transmits the generated environmental package information to the environmental monitoring apparatus 200.

For example, Atmel's Atmel2560 chip may be used as the processor, and RTC (Real Time Clock) and Zigbee modules may be additionally attached.

The data processing transmission module 130 waits to receive data transmitted from the environmental sensor module 110 and the position sensor module 120 at about 550 ㎧ cycles, and transmits environmental package information to the environmental monitoring device 200.

The environmental monitoring apparatus 200 calculates environmental monitoring information by using environmental package information received from the environmental monitoring sensor node.

The environmental monitoring apparatus 200 may store the calculated environmental monitoring information and generate an alarm event by generating environmental alarm information when the generated environmental monitoring information is out of a preset range.

The environmental monitoring apparatus 200 may output the environmental monitoring information through the output device.

3 and 4 are views for explaining an environmental monitoring method in an environmental monitoring sensor node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, in operation S310, the environmental monitoring sensor node 100 generates at least one environmental raw information from a plurality of environmental sensors.

Environmental monitoring sensor node 100 is dust, carbon dioxide (Co ₂ ), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ammonia (NH ₃ ), hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) in order to recognize environmental information according to the location in the sensor network environment ), Temperature (Temperature), and humidity (Humidity) sensor may include. Sensor network environment should be equipped with wireless and miniaturization of all nodes.

In step S320, the environmental monitoring sensor node 100 generates at least one position information from the position sensor.

In operation S330, the environmental monitoring sensor node 100 generates numerical correction information by performing numerical correction on the generated environmental raw information using a distributed hierarchical filtering method. Here, the distributed hierarchical filtering method is used to reduce the error rate for each sensor and corrects the sensor error rate with respect to the environmental raw information.

The environmental monitoring sensor node 100 uses a distributed hierarchical filtering method of the structure of FIG. 4 according to the performance of a processor to improve the accuracy of environmental raw information. In the main filter, the estimates are corrected by mixing the estimates received from the sub-filters to estimate the overall optimal state variable. In this case, the time required for distributed hierarchical filtering of each sensor is about 2000 ms, which means about 3000 ms in real time without sensing during the required time.

[Equation 1]

In operation S340, the environmental monitoring sensor node 100 generates environmental package information by packaging the correction environment information and the location information. Environmental monitoring sensor node 100 is impossible to build a database of various data due to the limitations of processor performance and storage capacity due to wireless and miniaturization, each sensor is bundled into one interface, and the entire package is packaged to generate environmental package information do.

In operation S350, the environmental monitoring sensor node 100 transmits the environmental package information to the environmental monitoring apparatus through a short range mobile communication method.

Here, the network topology may be, for example, a mesh network topology provided by the Tiny OS, which does not require a programmer for time synchronization with other adjacent nodes and sleeps with neighboring nodes. The communication can be performed automatically for a period of time.

In addition, the short-range mobile communication method may be various short-range mobile communication methods such as Zigbee, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Direct, NFC (Near Field Communication).

5 is a view for explaining an environmental monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, the environment monitoring apparatus 200 includes an environment package data receiver 210, an environment monitoring information generator 220, an environment monitoring information output unit 230, an environment alarm generator 240, and a database 240. ).

The environmental package data receiver 210 receives the environmental package data from the environmental monitoring sensor node 100. The environmental package data receiver 210 may communicate with the environmental monitoring sensor node 100 through short-range wireless communication.

The environmental monitoring information generation unit 220 generates the environmental monitoring information on the environmental package data using a federated filtering method.

The environmental monitoring information output unit 230 outputs the generated environmental monitoring information.

The environmental alarm generating unit 240 generates environmental alarm information when the generated environmental monitoring information is out of a preset range.

The database 250 stores the generated environmental monitoring information.

6 and 7 are views for explaining an environmental monitoring method in an environmental monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In operation S610, the environmental monitoring apparatus 200 receives the environmental monitoring sensor node 100 as environmental package data.

 In operation S620, the environmental monitoring apparatus 200 repartitions the environmental package data and performs the associated filtering method by the number of the divided data to generate the environmental monitoring information and store it in the database.

Here, the federated filtering method performs an optimal estimate and covariance prediction as shown in Equation 2 below, and is implemented in the structure shown in FIG. In addition, FIG. 7 and Equation 2 are called fusion-reset (FR) modes, and are designed to distribute the estimated values and covariances fused in the main filter to the sub filter by the information amount distribution law.

&Quot; (2) "

Therefore, the initial value of the state variable covariance and the initial state number are distributed to each subfilter as follows.

The estimated value and covariance calculated by Equation 2 are distributed to each subfilter as follows.

Therefore, the range of the margin of error can be reduced according to the covariance rate, and this method can increase the system rate by using GPS position data together.

In operation S630, the environmental monitoring apparatus 200 obtains an actual coordinate system using a TM projection method using Bessel coordinate information with respect to the position information included in the environmental package data, and maps the measured coordinate system.

In operation S640, the environmental monitoring apparatus 200 quantizes and outputs the generated environmental monitoring information so as to be confirmed by the output apparatus.

In operation S650, when the generated environmental monitoring information is out of a preset range, the environmental monitoring apparatus 200 generates environmental alarm information and generates an alarm event.

8 is a view for explaining an environmental monitoring sensor node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, the environmental monitoring sensor node 100 may be manufactured in a double tube form for attachment of a sensor and a sensor to a gas discharge pipe of a livestock. The environmental monitoring sensor node 100 may further include a sensor attachment pipe manufactured to meet the investment site gas discharge pipe standard.

9 to 15 are views for explaining a simulation result of the environmental monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the environmental monitoring sensor system according to the present invention, a standard gas supply device is installed on a support to which a sensor is installed for simulation, and an experiment has been conducted outdoors to confirm GPS position coordinates.

In addition, we conducted a sample analysis experiment using a measuring device, which is currently used in the field, for real-time and accuracy of environmental monitoring sensor system. For more accurate experiments, the sampling of data was defined as 200 and the validation details are as follows [Table 1] and [Table 2].

Sampling Conditions and Environmental Awareness Conditions for Validation Item Sampling conditions Dangerous Environment Awareness Conditions Gas infusion 20cc None Gas emission 0.5 m / s None Window overlap 160 samples (10ms) None VOC concentration Low: 10PPM, High: 50PPM 45PPM over NH ₃ concentration Low: 10PPM, High: 50PPM 45PPM over H ₂ S concentration Low: 10PPM, High: 50PPM 45PPM over CO ₂ concentration Low: 400PPM, High: 2000PPM 1500PPM over Dust concentration Low: 0㎛, High: 1500㎛ 1000㎛ over GPS location - ± 5000mm position shift Temperature Room temperature None Humidity recidivism None Common 200 samples None

Validation contents and evaluation method number Evaluation Content Comparative Evaluation Method u-EMS Sample analysis One Error rate of the filtered data ○ × 2 Data error rate due to continuous measurement ○ ○ (non-continuous) 3 Comparison of data according to temperature and humidity characteristics ○ ○ 4 Accumulated Data Environment Awareness Accuracy ○ × 5 Read of abnormality when moving node ○ ×

9 to 15 show the results according to the validation contents of [Table 1] and [Table 2].

9 and 10 are data error rates after primary and secondary data filtering when standard gas is supplied. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, when the gas supply points 0, 10, 30, 50, 80, and 99.9 PPM are supplied, the filtered data is stable, and errors occurring in the process of replacing gas of different concentrations can be checked. This includes diluted or increased concentrations, rather than the specified concentrations, for the time taken to supply the gas.

However, these indicated concentrations are included in the error range of the data during the experiment, and it can be confirmed that the accuracy has been greatly improved when checking the data error rate in the range of the designated standard gas concentration.

In addition, Figure 10 was measured by measuring the concentration of dust and carbon dioxide by supplying a standard gas, and when the concentration is changed it can be seen that the data does not shake significantly differently from FIG.

FIG. 11 shows the data error rate according to the continuous measurement of Clause 2 of [Table 2]. The continuous measurement was measured at a 1 minute interval with the manufactured sensor, and the discontinuous measurement was measured with a dedicated measuring instrument for the same time. As shown in FIG. 11, the error rate of the data was unstable up to about 1 hour in the continuous measurement, but the data after 1 hour was able to confirm the stable data, put the sensed data in the database and the measured value gateway After filtering, the error is corrected by comparing with the stored value when calculating. Therefore, the more data stored, the more accurate data can be expected.

12 and 13 show a data comparison of the sensor according to the temperature and humidity characteristics according to item 3 of [Table 2], and 30% of the standard gas was supplied. In the case of FIG. 12, the electrochemical sensor shows a characteristic change according to temperature and humidity, and in the case of the electrochemical sensor, an error rate according to the temperature change exists according to the sensor itself. In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, stable data was confirmed in the case of about 18 to 22 ° C., but as the temperature and humidity increased, the width of the data change was increased. This is caused by the increased concentration of gases at high temperatures, which means that in real life, if you smell in the barn or other odorous places in summer and winter, it feels more severe in summer than in winter. Accordingly, it is possible to actively cope with the odor of the surrounding environment due to the climate change.

In addition, FIG. 13 shows that the error range is increased as the temperature increases in both the environmental monitoring sensor node and the sample analysis in the measurement through the environmental monitoring sensor node and the sample analysis, but it can be seen that the range is larger than in the case of the environmental monitoring sensor node. However, the safety of the data was slightly higher (± 15% for the environmental monitoring sensor node) and about ± 17% for the sample analysis in terms of average (width of change).

FIG. 14 evaluated 4 items of [Table 2], and experimented with five environments as shown in [Table 3] to confirm the accuracy of environmental situation recognition.

Context conditions according to environmental situation recognition experiment Qualification 1 Only perform primary filtering Qualification 2 Perform secondary filtering only Qualification 3 Perform both primary and secondary filtering Qualification 4 Forced gas collection through Q3 and FAN Qualification 5 Q4 and Sampling Data

Referring to FIG. 14, the situation 1 and the situation 2 can confirm the low accuracy of VOC, NH ₃ , H ₂ S, but in the case of carbon dioxide or dust sensor, it can be confirmed that the accuracy higher than the situation 3, 4, 5 . In addition, since NH ₃ is easily adsorbed due to the nature of the gas, it can be confirmed that the accuracy is low at the actual concentration. This improves the accuracy of the data through filtering, gas forced capture, and data sampling. Therefore, the situation recognition according to the situation in [Table 3] can be judged as an average of 94.3%.

FIG. 15 is a view for explaining a sensor movement situation in the case of an excess range allowing a value and an error range for the position of the environmental monitoring sensor node. In other words, the environmental monitoring sensor node is installed in the designated landfill, coordinate data received from GPS is interlocked with the landfill data map, and the environmental monitoring sensor node has been moved. It can be predicted. In the experiment of FIG. 15, after 20 minutes, the environmental monitoring sensor node was randomly moved to a certain distance to confirm that the data was transformed. Up to about 20 minutes, the fixed node in the error range could be confirmed, but after 20 minutes You can see that the change rapidly. This can confirm that the environmental monitoring sensor node has moved away from its original position.

The foregoing description of the present invention is intended for illustration, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be easily modified in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention do.

100: environmental monitoring sensor node
110: environmental sensor module
120: position sensor module
130: data processing transmission module
200: environmental monitoring device
210: environmental package data receiving unit
220: environmental monitoring information generation unit
230: environmental monitoring information output unit
240: environmental alarm generator
250: Database

Claims (17)

In the environmental monitoring sensor node for monitoring the exhaust gas,
An environmental sensor module for detecting the exhaust gas and generating environmental raw information;
A position sensor module for generating position information of the environmental monitoring sensor node; And
An environmental monitoring sensor node comprising a data processing transmission module for generating environmental package information using the environmental raw information and location information and transmitting the generated environmental package information to an environmental monitoring device.
The environmental monitoring sensor node is an environmental monitoring sensor node, characterized in that produced in the form of a double tube including a sensor attachment pipe made to meet the gas discharge pipe standards of domestic animals.
The method of claim 1,
The exhaust gas is discharged from the livestock for sale,
The environmental sensor module includes at least one of a volatile organic compound (VOCs) sensor, ammonia (NH ₃ ) sensor and hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) sensor generated when the carcasses are decomposed in the livestock for sale.
3. The method of claim 2,
The environmental sensor module
And at least one of a dust sensor (Dust) for detecting the diffusion of the exhaust gas, a temperature sensor for measuring the diffusion of the exhaust gas, and a humidity sensor.
The method of claim 1,
The environmental sensor module includes a plurality of sensors, each sensor using a pair of environmental monitoring sensor node, characterized in that for detecting the cycle at a predetermined cycle.
The method of claim 1,
The position sensor module receives a GPS signal and converts GPS ellipsoid coordinate information into Bessel ellipsoid coordinate information.
The method of claim 1,
The data processing transmission module comprises a short-range communication module environmental monitoring sensor node.
delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete

Images